Linux Shell Script. J. K. Mandal

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1 Linux Shell Script J. K. Mandal Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Management University of Kalyani Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal Mobile:

2 LINUX Computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open-source software development and distribution. 2

3 Linus Torvalds, principal author of the Linux kernel 3

4 Linux shell A Linux shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a traditional user interface for the Linux operating system and for Unix-like systems. 4

5 Linux Command Command Prompt 5

6 Linux Shell Command(S) 1. who 6

7 2. whoami 7

8 Another version of who am i with space 8

9 3. clear 9

10 4. ls 10

11 5. man 11

12 Output of man ls 12

13 End man ls by ctrl+z 13

14 6. Ls -l 14

15 7. Pwd Current directory 15

16 8. ps 16

17 9. time and date System time Current date and time 17

18 10. Cal show calendar as required 18

19 Cal -3 previous, current and next month 19

20 Cal year 12 month calendar for the given year 20

21 11. cat with > to open a file and write ctrl+z to save the file 21

22 cat file name to see the content of the file cat filename 22

23 cat with >> to append new content >> used to append 23

24 Output after append through cat New line added 24

25 12. sort create a file with few unsorted numbers Before sort command, with cat command create a file Check the content of the file 25

26 sort command 26

27 sort reverse command -r used for reverse sort operation 27

28 head command by 13. head show lines from top default of shows filetop 10 lines 28

29 head show only 3 lines from top of file -3 used to show top 3 lines only 29

30 tail command by 14. tail Show lines from bottom default of shows file bottom 10 lines 30

31 tail Show 5 lines from bottom of file -5 used to show bottom 5 lines only 31

32 15. mkdir To create directory 32

33 16. cd To change directory Prompt change to folder 33

34 16. cd.. change directory to parrent Prompt change to ~ home folder 34

35 17. rm remove file 35

36 18. rmdir remove empty directory 36

37 empty directory 37

38 19. chmod change the file permission Check the file permission 38

39 19. chmod change the file permission Check the file permission 39

40 chmod 000 for no permission No permission 40

41 chmod 777 for no permission No permission 41

42 chmod 4 Read, 2 write and 1 execute 42

43 d r w x r w x r w x Owner Group Other 43

44 r w - r - - r - x 44

45 20. cmp to compare two files 45

46 cmp to compare two files Three similar command comm, diff, cmp 46

47 21. Comm find out common between two files 47

48 Comm -3 shows only differences 48

49 22. diff find out difference among two files 49

50 23. expr to compute mathematically 50

51 24. echo rewrite the message on prompt 51

52 25. cut cut number of character column wise 52

53 Few more commands 26. cp command to copy files and folder. 27. mv command to move files and folders. 28. more help to display page wise. 53

54 SHELL SCRIPT

55 HOW TO WRITE AND RUN SHELL SCRIPT Use vi editor to write shell script. command to open script file. $ vi first.sh write script. echo Hello Students Save file and quite editor. Esc : wq Run Shell Script sh first.sh Output of the shell script. Hello Students 55

56 Write a shell script to accept two numbers and display them echo "Enter first number. read first echo "Enter second number. read second echo "The first number is $first and second number is $second." 56

57 Write a shell script to accept two numbers and display Sum echo "Enter first number. read first echo "Enter second number. read second sum=`expr $first+$second` echo "The sum of two number is $sum." 57

58 WRITE A SHELL SCRIPT TO FIND OUT THE FACTORIAL OF GIVEN NUMBER echo "Enter a number. read n m=1 fact=1 while [ $m -le $n ] do fact=`expr $fact \* $m`m=`expr $m + 1` done echo "The factorial of $n is $fact." 58

59 WRITE A SHELL SCRIPT TO FIND OUT THE MAGIC NUMBERS echo "Enter a 5 digit number. read n temp=$n ds=100 while [ $ds -gt 9 ] do ds=0 while [ $temp -gt 0 ] do r=`expr $temp \% 10` ds=`expr $ds + $r` temp=`expr $temp / 10` done temp=$ds done echo The repetitive digit sum is $ds if [ $ds -eq 1 ]then echo "The number is a magic number. else echo "The number is not magic number. fi 59

60 QUESTIONS? 60

61 THANK YOU 61

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