Fix Bugs Faster Using Activity Tracing
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- Garry Freeman
- 6 years ago
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1 Core OS #WWDC14 Fix Bugs Faster Using Activity Tracing Session 714 Eric Clements Core OS Engineering 2014 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Redistribution or public display not permitted without written permission from Apple.
2 Overview
3 Overview Background
4 Overview Background Activities
5 Overview Background Activities Breadcrumbs
6 Overview Background Activities Breadcrumbs Trace messages
7 Overview Background Activities Breadcrumbs Trace messages Tools
8 Overview Background Activities Breadcrumbs Trace messages Tools Considerations
9 Background
10 Asynchronous Development
11 Asynchronous Development XPC, GCD and NSOperationQueue simplify complex tasks
12 Asynchronous Development XPC, GCD and NSOperationQueue simplify complex tasks Difficult to debug and diagnose issues
13 Asynchronous Development XPC, GCD and NSOperationQueue simplify complex tasks Difficult to debug and diagnose issues Privilege separation exacerbates the problem
14 Asynchronous Development XPC, GCD and NSOperationQueue simplify complex tasks Difficult to debug and diagnose issues Privilege separation exacerbates the problem Debug tools have not kept pace
15 Asynchronous Development XPC, GCD and NSOperationQueue simplify complex tasks Difficult to debug and diagnose issues Privilege separation exacerbates the problem Debug tools have not kept pace Existing logging mechanisms are insufficient
16 Diagnostic Challenges
17 Diagnostic Challenges Daemon! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_mgr_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_mgr_invoke (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 kevent64 (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_sig_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_sigsuspend (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 sigsuspend_nocancel (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)
18 Diagnostic Challenges There s no way to tell that Daemon is blocking process A and B. Process A! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_mgr_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_mgr_invoke (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 kevent64 (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_sig_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_sigsuspend (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 sigsuspend_nocancel (in libsystem_kernel.dylib) Process B! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_mgr_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_mgr_invoke (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 kevent64 (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_sig_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_sigsuspend (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 sigsuspend_nocancel (in libsystem_kernel.dylib Daemon! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_mgr_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_mgr_invoke (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 kevent64 (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)! 9395 Thread_ _dispatch_sig_thread (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 _dispatch_sigsuspend (in libdispatch.dylib) 9395 sigsuspend_nocancel (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)
19 Debugging Challenges
20 Debugging Challenges
21 Complexity of the OS Application opendirectory d gssd securityd
22 Complexity of the OS Application opendirectory d gssd securityd
23 Complex Crashes Program Time
24 Complex Crashes Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equiv XPCService menu select menu select Daemon
25 Complex Crashes Program button click Your query cannot be completed at this time! Daemon Time menu select key equiv XPCService menu select menu select Daemon
26 Goals
27 Goals Include additional data in diagnostic reports
28 Goals Include additional data in diagnostic reports Reduce the time guessing what, where, and when
29 Goals Include additional data in diagnostic reports Reduce the time guessing what, where, and when Understand interaction of actions over time
30 Goals Include additional data in diagnostic reports Reduce the time guessing what, where, and when Understand interaction of actions over time Lightweight and easy to use
31 Improving Crash Reports Crashed Thread:! Exception Type: Exception Codes:! 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) 0x , 0x Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): Additional info about key events leading up to crash 6 Query directory using NSRunLoop (Activity ID: 0x f ) 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop! Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.query-directory 0x ea -[QDAppDelegate query:foundresults:error:] com.apple.opendirectory 0x00007fff9066ec88 delegate_callback com.apple.cfopendirectory 0x00007fff84750bed _query_perform com.apple.corefoundation 0x00007fff8964e1f1 CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION com.apple.appkit 0x00007fff83c01a9e NSApplicationMain com.apple.query-directory 0x a82 main libdyld.dylib 0x00007fff874af5c9 start + 1! Activity ID: 0x f Activity Name: sendaction: Activity Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop Activity Running Time: sec Activity Failure Reason: none detected! Trace Messages (reverse chronological seconds): Query Directory 0x IPC send Detailed messages associated with the crash point
32 OS X Performance NSLog syslog Activity tracing Microseconds MacPro 2008 MacBookPro 15" Late 2013 imac 27
33 ios Performance NSLog syslog Activity tracing Microseconds iphone 4s iphone 5c ipad Air
34 Terminology Program XPCService Daemon Time XPCService Daemon
35 Terminology Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equiv XPCService menu select Daemon menu select Activity
36 Terminology Program XPCService Daemon Send mail button click Time menu select key equiv XPCService menu select Daemon Compose mail menu select Activity Breadcrumb
37 Terminology Program XPCService Daemon Send mail button click Time menu select key equiv XPCService menu select Daemon Compose mail menu select Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
38 Terminology Program XPCService Daemon Send mail button click menu select Time key equiv XPCService diagnosticd menu select Daemon Compose mail menu select Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
39 Activities
40 What is an Activity?
41 What is an Activity? Application Set of work triggered by an action opendirectoryd gssd securityd
42 What is an Activity? Application Set of work triggered by an action Explicitly defined set of work opendirectoryd gssd securityd
43 System Activity
44 System Activity System generated 64-bit identifier (AID)
45 System Activity System generated 64-bit identifier (AID) Autopropagated by the system
46 System Activity System generated 64-bit identifier (AID) Process A Autopropagated by the system Process B
47 System Activity System generated 64-bit identifier (AID) Process A Autopropagated by the system Q1 Q2 Q3 AID: 1 AID: 2 AID: 1 Process B Q1 Q2 Q3 AID: 1 AID: 1 AID: 2
48 Activities Over Time Program XPCService Daemon XPCService Time Daemon
49 Activities Over Time Program button click (AID: 5) XPCService (AID: 5) Daemon (AID: 5) Time menu select (AID: 4) key equiv (AID: 3) XPCService (AID: 3) menu select (AID: 2) menu select (AID: 1) Daemon (AID: 1) Activity
50 Activity Creation
51 Activity Creation Automatically generated by UIKit and AppKit for UI actions
52 Activity Creation Automatically generated by UIKit and AppKit for UI actions Explicitly created activities
53 Activity Creation Automatically generated by UIKit and AppKit for UI actions Explicitly created activities Detached activities Q1 Q2 Q3
54 Activity Creation Automatically generated by UIKit and AppKit for UI actions Explicitly created activities Detached activities Q1 Q2 Q3 AID: 1 AID: 1
55 Activity Creation Automatically generated by UIKit and AppKit for UI actions Explicitly created activities Detached activities Q1 Q2 Q3 AID: 1 AID: 2 AID: 1
56 Initiating Activities
57 Initiating Activities os_activity_initiate( Activity Name, flags, ^{ });
58 Initiating Activities os_activity_initiate( Activity Name, flags, ^{ }); Activity name must be a constant string
59 Initiating Activities os_activity_initiate( Activity Name, flags, ^{ }); Activity name must be a constant string Optional flags to control behavior
60 Initiating Activities os_activity_initiate( Activity Name, flags, ^{ }); Activity name must be a constant string Optional flags to control behavior Non block variants available
61 Initiating Activities os_activity_initiate( Activity Name, flags, ^{ }); Activity name must be a constant string Optional flags to control behavior Non block variants available #include <os/activity.h>
62 Automatically Generated Activities Process AppKit / UIKit Process Callback
63 Automatically Generated Activities Process AppKit / UIKit Process Callback os_activity_start();
64 Automatically Generated Activities Process AppKit / UIKit Process Callback os_activity_start(); - (IBAction)searchField:(id)sender { results = [self searchstring: searchvalue]; }
65 Automatically Generated Activities Process AppKit / UIKit Process Callback os_activity_start(); - (IBAction)searchField:(id)sender { results = [self searchstring: searchvalue]; } os_activity_stop();
66 Explicitly Create Activities #include <os/activity.h>! - (void)checkcaches { if (!verify) { /* a lot of work is done during initialization */ os_activity_initiate( verifying cache, OS_ACTIVITY_FLAG_DEFAULT, ^{ }); } }
67 Explicitly Create Activities #include <os/activity.h>! - (void)checkcaches { if (!verify) { /* a lot of work is done during initialization */ os_activity_initiate( verifying cache, OS_ACTIVITY_FLAG_DEFAULT, ^{ }); } }
68 Detached Activity #include <os/activity.h>! - (IBAction) searchfield:(id)sender { /* will be called with an activity already created */ if (async_reindex) { os_activity_initiate( reindex, OS_ACTIVITY_FLAG_DETACHED, ^{ /* issue re-index work detached from current activity */ }); }! } /* issue lookup based on original request */
69 Detached Activity #include <os/activity.h>! - (IBAction) searchfield:(id)sender { /* will be called with an activity already created */ if (async_reindex) { os_activity_initiate( reindex, OS_ACTIVITY_FLAG_DETACHED, ^{ /* issue re-index work detached from current activity */ }); }! } /* issue lookup based on original request */
70 Breadcrumbs
71 Breadcrumbs
72 Breadcrumbs Label meaningful activities
73 Breadcrumbs Label meaningful activities Macrolevel interactions over time
74 Breadcrumbs Label meaningful activities Button Send mail click Macrolevel interactions over time Menu select Key equivalent Menu select Compose Menu select mail
75 Breadcrumbs Label meaningful activities Macrolevel interactions over time Send mail Button click Menu select Key equivalent Menu select Compose mail Menu select
76 Breadcrumb Diagram Program button click (AID: 5) XPCService (AID: 5) Daemon (AID: 5) Time menu select (AID: 4) key equivalent (AID: 3) XPCService (AID: 3) menu select (AID: 2) menu select (AID: 1) Daemon (AID: 1) Activity
77 Breadcrumb Diagram Send mail Program button click (AID: 5) XPCService (AID: 5) Daemon (AID: 5) Time menu select (AID: 4) key equivalent (AID: 3) XPCService (AID: 3) menu select (AID: 2) Daemon Compose mail menu select (AID: 1) (AID: 1) Activity Breadcrumb
78 Adding a Breadcrumb
79 Adding a Breadcrumb os_activity_set_breadcrumb( composing mail );
80 Adding a Breadcrumb os_activity_set_breadcrumb( composing mail ); Only supported by main process binary
81 Adding a Breadcrumb os_activity_set_breadcrumb( composing mail ); Only supported by main process binary Cannot be done from libraries, plugins, etc.
82 Adding a Breadcrumb os_activity_set_breadcrumb( composing mail ); Only supported by main process binary Cannot be done from libraries, plugins, etc. Constant string must be provided
83 Adding a Breadcrumb os_activity_set_breadcrumb( composing mail ); Only supported by main process binary Cannot be done from libraries, plugins, etc. Constant string must be provided #include <os/activity.h>
84 Breadcrumb Example #include <os/activity.h>! - (IBAction)searchField:(id)sender { if (usecache) { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching cache ); db = [self _cache]; } else { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching database ); db = [self _database]; } [db search:sender]; }
85 Breadcrumb Example #include <os/activity.h>! - (IBAction)searchField:(id)sender { if (usecache) { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching cache ); db = [self _cache]; } else { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching database ); db = [self _database]; } [db search:sender]; }
86 Breadcrumb Example #include <os/activity.h>! - (IBAction)searchField:(id)sender { if (usecache) { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching cache ); db = [self _cache]; } else { os_activity_set_breadcrumb( searching database ); db = [self _database]; } [db search:sender]; }
87 Trace Messages
88 Trace Messages
89 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity
90 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity Uses standard printf-style format strings
91 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity Uses standard printf-style format strings Lightweight
92 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity Uses standard printf-style format strings Lightweight Adjustable behavior
93 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity Uses standard printf-style format strings Lightweight Adjustable behavior Stored in an in-memory ring buffer
94 Trace Messages New API to add trace messages to an activity Uses standard printf-style format strings Lightweight Adjustable behavior Stored in an in-memory ring buffer PC Timestamp String Offset Data1 Data2 (64-bytes) PC Timestamp String Offset Data1 Data2 PC Timestamp String Offset Data1 Data2 PC Timestamp String Offset Data1 Data2
95 Trace Message
96 Trace Message os_trace( Interface %ld state %d, ifindex, state);
97 Trace Message os_trace( Interface %ld state %d, ifindex, state); Supports printf-style format strings
98 Trace Message os_trace( Interface %ld state %d, ifindex, state); Supports printf-style format strings Only scalar format types
99 Trace Message os_trace( Interface %ld state %d, ifindex, state); Supports printf-style format strings Only scalar format types Strings and characters are not supported for privacy, performance, and security
100 Trace Message os_trace( Interface %ld state %d, ifindex, state); Supports printf-style format strings Only scalar format types Strings and characters are not supported for privacy, performance, and security #include <os/trace.h>
101 Debug Trace Message
102 Debug Trace Message os_trace_debug( Open socket %d total time %2.3f ms, sock, ttime);
103 Debug Trace Message os_trace_debug( Open socket %d total time %2.3f ms, sock, ttime); Only saved to ring buffer under debug mode
104 Debug Trace Message os_trace_debug( Open socket %d total time %2.3f ms, sock, ttime); Only saved to ring buffer under debug mode Additional resources used if debug mode is enabled
105 Debug Trace Message os_trace_debug( Open socket %d total time %2.3f ms, sock, ttime); Only saved to ring buffer under debug mode Additional resources used if debug mode is enabled Setting environment variable will enable debug at launch
106 Debug Trace Message os_trace_debug( Open socket %d total time %2.3f ms, sock, ttime); Only saved to ring buffer under debug mode Additional resources used if debug mode is enabled Setting environment variable will enable debug at launch OS_ACTIVITY_MODE=debug
107 Payload Trace Message
108 Payload Trace Message os_trace_with_payload( Interface: %ld, ifindex, ^(xpc_object_t xdict) { }); xpc_dictionary_set_string(xdict, ifname, ifname);
109 Payload Trace Message os_trace_with_payload( Interface: %ld, ifindex, ^(xpc_object_t xdict) { xpc_dictionary_set_string(xdict, ifname, ifname); }); Block is only called if tools have enabled stream mode
110 Payload Trace Message os_trace_with_payload( Interface: %ld, ifindex, ^(xpc_object_t xdict) { xpc_dictionary_set_string(xdict, ifname, ifname); }); Block is only called if tools have enabled stream mode Uses XPC to deliver message to diagnosticd
111 Payload Trace Message os_trace_with_payload( Interface: %ld, ifindex, ^(xpc_object_t xdict) { xpc_dictionary_set_string(xdict, ifname, ifname); }); Block is only called if tools have enabled stream mode Uses XPC to deliver message to diagnosticd Setting environment variable will enable stream mode at launch
112 Payload Trace Message os_trace_with_payload( Interface: %ld, ifindex, ^(xpc_object_t xdict) { xpc_dictionary_set_string(xdict, ifname, ifname); }); Block is only called if tools have enabled stream mode Uses XPC to deliver message to diagnosticd Setting environment variable will enable stream mode at launch OS_ACTIVITY_MODE=stream
113 Trace Messages Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb
114 Trace Messages Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
115 Sample Crash Crashed Thread:! Exception Type: Exception Codes:! 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) 0x , 0x Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): 6 Additional Query directory info about using NSRunLoop key events (Activity leading ID: 0x f ) up to crash 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop! Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.query-directory 0x ea -[QDAppDelegate query:foundresults:error:] com.apple.opendirectory 0x00007fff9066ec88 delegate_callback com.apple.cfopendirectory 0x00007fff84750bed _query_perform com.apple.corefoundation 0x00007fff8964e1f1 CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION com.apple.appkit 0x00007fff83c01a9e NSApplicationMain com.apple.query-directory 0x a82 main libdyld.dylib 0x00007fff874af5c9 start + 1! Activity ID: 0x f Activity Name: sendaction: Activity Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop Activity Running Time: sec Activity Failure Reason: none detected! Trace Messages (reverse chronological seconds): Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory Detailed messages 0x e0 associated aborting with the test crash due to no point results Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC send opendirectoryd 0xffffffff00021c21 request completed, delivered 1 results opendirectoryd 0xffffffff UID: 4129, EUID: 4129, GID: 11, EGID: opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC receive Query Directory 0x IPC send
116 Sample Crash Crashed Thread:! Exception Type: Exception Codes:! 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) 0x , 0x Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): 6 Query directory using NSRunLoop (Activity ID: 0x f ) 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): 6 Query directory using NSRunLoop (Activity ID: 0x f )! 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.query-directory 0x ea -[QDAppDelegate query:foundresults:error:] com.apple.opendirectory 0x00007fff9066ec88 delegate_callback com.apple.cfopendirectory 0x00007fff84750bed _query_perform com.apple.corefoundation 0x00007fff8964e1f1 CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION com.apple.appkit 0x00007fff83c01a9e NSApplicationMain com.apple.query-directory 0x a82 main libdyld.dylib 0x00007fff874af5c9 start + 1! Activity ID: 0x f Activity Name: sendaction: Activity Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop Activity Running Time: sec Activity Failure Reason: none detected! Trace Messages (reverse chronological seconds): Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x e0 aborting test due to no results Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC send opendirectoryd 0xffffffff00021c21 request completed, delivered 1 results opendirectoryd 0xffffffff UID: 4129, EUID: 4129, GID: 11, EGID: opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC receive Query Directory 0x IPC send
117 Sample Crash Crashed Thread:! Exception Type: Exception Codes: 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) 0x , 0x ! Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): 6 Query directory using NSRunLoop (Activity ID: 0x f ) 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop! Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.query-directory 0x ea -[QDAppDelegate query:foundresults:error:] x f com.apple.opendirectory 0x00007fff9066ec88 delegate_callback com.apple.cfopendirectory 0x00007fff84750bed sendaction: _query_perform com.apple.corefoundation 0x00007fff8964e1f1 CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION + 17 Query directory using NSRunLoop 16 com.apple.appkit 0x00007fff83c01a9e NSApplicationMain com.apple.query-directory 0x a main + 34 sec 18 libdyld.dylib 0x00007fff874af5c9 start + 1 Activity ID: Activity Name: Activity Breadcrumb: Activity Running Time:! Activity Failure Reason: none detected Activity ID: 0x f Activity Name: sendaction: Activity Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop Activity Running Time: sec Activity Failure Reason: none detected! Trace Messages (reverse chronological seconds): Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x e0 aborting test due to no results Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC send opendirectoryd 0xffffffff00021c21 request completed, delivered 1 results opendirectoryd 0xffffffff UID: 4129, EUID: 4129, GID: 11, EGID: opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC receive Query Directory 0x IPC send
118 Sample Crash Crashed Thread:! 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread Exception Type: EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) Exception Codes: 0x , 0x ! Breadcrumb Trail (reverse chronological seconds): 6 Query directory using NSRunLoop (Activity ID: 0x f ) 15 Query directory using NSRunLoop! Trace Thread Messages 0 Crashed:: (reverse Dispatch chronological queue: com.apple.main-thread seconds): com.apple.query-directory 0x ea 0x [QDAppDelegate IPC query:foundresults:error:] send com.apple.opendirectory Query 0x00007fff9066ec88 0x e0 delegate_callback aborting test due to no results com.apple.cfopendirectory Query 0x00007fff84750bed 0x _query_perform IPC send com.apple.corefoundation Query Directory 0x00007fff8964e1f1 0x CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION skipping record with UID 210 (not member + of 17 'admin') opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC send 16 com.apple.appkit 0x00007fff83c01a9e NSApplicationMain com.apple.query-directory opendirectoryd 0x a82 0xffffffff00021c21 main + 34 request completed, delivered 1 results 18 libdyld.dylib 0x00007fff874af5c9 start ! opendirectoryd 0xffffffff UID: 4129, EUID: 4129, GID: 11, EGID: Activity ID: opendirectoryd 0x f xffffffff IPC receive Activity Name: Query Directory sendaction: 0x IPC send Activity Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop Activity Running Time: sec Activity Failure Reason: none detected! Trace Messages (reverse chronological seconds): Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x e0 aborting test due to no results Query Directory 0x IPC send Query Directory 0x skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC send opendirectoryd 0xffffffff00021c21 request completed, delivered 1 results opendirectoryd 0xffffffff UID: 4129, EUID: 4129, GID: 11, EGID: opendirectoryd 0xffffffff IPC receive Query Directory 0x IPC send
119 Crashing Process Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
120 Crashing Process Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
121 Crashing Process Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent menu select XPCService diagnosticd Send mail button click Compose mail menu select Daemon Compose mail Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
122 Reporting Unexpected Errors
123 Reporting Unexpected Errors os_trace_error( Interface %ld failed error %d, ifindex, errno);
124 Reporting Unexpected Errors os_trace_error( Interface %ld failed error %d, ifindex, errno); Signals that an error occurred
125 Reporting Unexpected Errors os_trace_error( Interface %ld failed error %d, ifindex, errno); Signals that an error occurred Trace messages are sent to diagnosticd
126 Reporting Fatal Errors
127 Reporting Fatal Errors os_trace_fault( invalid state %d - will likely crash, state);
128 Reporting Fatal Errors os_trace_fault( invalid state %d - will likely crash, state); Could be impending catastrophic failure (assert, abort, or crash)
129 Reporting Fatal Errors os_trace_fault( invalid state %d - will likely crash, state); Could be impending catastrophic failure (assert, abort, or crash) Trace messages from all involved processes sent to diagnosticd
130 Utilizing Faults Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
131 Utilizing Faults Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent menu select XPCService diagnosticd Send mail button click Compose mail menu select Daemon Compose mail Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
132 Example Fault #include <os/trace.h> #include <os/activity.h>! int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { os_activity_initiate( startup initialization, 0, ^{ os_trace_debug( passed %d args, argc); if (!_do_initialization(argc, argv)) { os_trace_fault( failed to initialize %d, errno); errx(ex_software, failed to initialize ); } }); }
133 Example Fault #include <os/trace.h> #include <os/activity.h>! int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { os_activity_initiate( startup initialization, 0, ^{ os_trace_debug( passed %d args, argc); if (!_do_initialization(argc, argv)) { os_trace_fault( failed to initialize %d, errno); errx(ex_software, failed to initialize ); } }); }
134 Supported Trace Messages
135 Supported Trace Messages os_trace( Running as UID: %d, GID: %d, geteuid(), getegid()); Running as UID: 501, GID: 20
136 Supported Trace Messages os_trace( Running as UID: %d, GID: %d, geteuid(), getegid()); Running as UID: 501, GID: 20 os_trace( Initialization phase - state: %d, flags: %ld, state, flags); Initialization phase - state: 32, flags: 2328
137 Supported Trace Messages os_trace( Running as UID: %d, GID: %d, geteuid(), getegid()); Running as UID: 501, GID: 20 os_trace( Initialization phase - state: %d, flags: %ld, state, flags); Initialization phase - state: 32, flags: 2328 os_trace( New client connection: %p, idle-disconnect: %d, connection, idle); New client connection: 0x , idle-disconnect: 30
138 Supported Trace Messages os_trace( Running as UID: %d, GID: %d, geteuid(), getegid()); Running as UID: 501, GID: 20 os_trace( Initialization phase - state: %d, flags: %ld, state, flags); Initialization phase - state: 32, flags: 2328 os_trace( New client connection: %p, idle-disconnect: %d, connection, idle); New client connection: 0x , idle-disconnect: 30 os_trace( Clients active: %d, average: %2.3f seconds, count, avg); Client max: 30, average: seconds
139 Unsupported Trace Messages
140 Unsupported Trace Messages os_trace( Logged in as user %s on host %s, username, hostname); Logged in as user UNSUPPORTED_STRING on host UNSUPPORTED_STRING
141 Unsupported Trace Messages os_trace( Logged in as user %s on host %s, username, hostname); Logged in as user UNSUPPORTED_STRING on host UNSUPPORTED_STRING os_trace( Logged in as UID %d, password: %s, geteuid(), password); Logged in as UID 501, password: UNSUPPORTED_STRING
142 Unsupported Trace Messages os_trace( Logged in as user %s on host %s, username, hostname); Logged in as user UNSUPPORTED_STRING on host UNSUPPORTED_STRING os_trace( Logged in as UID %d, password: %s, geteuid(), password); Logged in as UID 501, password: UNSUPPORTED_STRING os_trace( Logged in using initial %c, initial[0]); Logged in using initial UNSUPPORTED_CHAR
143 There are Limits
144 There are Limits The format string cannot exceed 100 characters
145 There are Limits The format string cannot exceed 100 characters Trace message content has a limit and will truncate if exceeded
146 There are Limits The format string cannot exceed 100 characters Trace message content has a limit and will truncate if exceeded os_trace API will accept a maximum of 7 scalar values
147 There are Limits The format string cannot exceed 100 characters Trace message content has a limit and will truncate if exceeded os_trace API will accept a maximum of 7 scalar values Trace message buffer size may vary by platform and mode
148 Demo Crash reports
149 Debugger Support
150 Debugger Support Current activity running on thread
151 Debugger Support Current activity running on thread Trace messages for thread with an activity
152 Using lldb (lldb) thread info thread #1: tid = 0x1c93, 0x00007fff9452a37a libsystem_kernel.dylib` pthread_kill + 10, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', activity = 'sendaction:', 5 messages, stop reason = signal SIGABRT Activity 'sendaction:', 0x4d Current Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop 5 trace messages: aborting test due to no results skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') IPC send issued query canceling previous query for mode: 0
153 Using lldb (lldb) thread info thread #1: tid = 0x1c93, 0x00007fff9452a37a libsystem_kernel.dylib` pthread_kill + 10, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', activity = 'sendaction:', 5 messages, stop reason = signal SIGABRT Activity 'sendaction:', 0x4d Current Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop 5 trace messages: aborting test due to no results skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') IPC send issued query canceling previous query for mode: 0
154 Using lldb (lldb) thread info thread #1: tid = 0x1c93, 0x00007fff9452a37a libsystem_kernel.dylib` pthread_kill + 10, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', activity = 'sendaction:', 5 messages, stop reason = signal SIGABRT Activity 'sendaction:', 0x4d Current Breadcrumb: Query directory using NSRunLoop 5 trace messages: aborting test due to no results skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin') IPC send issued query canceling previous query for mode: 0
155 Demo Xcode
156 Tools
157 ostraceutil
158 ostraceutil Live streaming by process name or pid
159 ostraceutil Live streaming by process name or pid Watch for faults and errors
160 ostraceutil Live streaming by process name or pid Watch for faults and errors Inspect binaries for various activity tracing strings
161 Live Streaming [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -process Query\ Directory PID: 640 Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x Trace ID: 0x c7 Thread: 0x32a9 Image UUID: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image Path: /Demos/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory Offset: 0x30a7 Message: 'issued query' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe b0> { count = 1, contents = "querystring" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 1, contents = "z" } }' Timestamp: DEBUG Trace ID: 0x a30 Offset: 0x291f Message: 'query results received 1 more results' Timestamp: RELEASE Trace ID: 0x c0 Offset: 0x2243 Message: 'skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin')' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe > { count = 2, contents = "full name" => <string: 0x7fe730403dd0> { length = 18, contents = "AutoTimeZoneDaemon" } "name" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 9, contents = "_timezone" } }'
162 Live Streaming [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -process Query\ Directory PID: 640 Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x Trace ID: 0x c7 Thread: 0x32a9 Image UUID: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image Path: /Demos/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory Offset: 0x30a7 Message: 'issued query' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe b0> { count = 1, contents = "querystring" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 1, contents = "z" } }' Timestamp: DEBUG Trace ID: 0x a30 Offset: 0x291f Message: 'query results received 1 more results' Timestamp: RELEASE Trace ID: 0x c0 Offset: 0x2243 Message: 'skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin')' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe > { count = 2, contents = "full name" => <string: 0x7fe730403dd0> { length = 18, contents = "AutoTimeZoneDaemon" } "name" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 9, contents = "_timezone" } }' [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -process Query\ Directory
163 Live Streaming [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -process Query\ Directory PID: 640 Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x Trace ID: 0x c7 Thread: 0x32a9 Image UUID: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image Path: /Demos/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory Offset: 0x30a7 Message: 'issued query' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe b0> { count = 1, contents = "querystring" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 1, contents = "z" } }' Timestamp: DEBUG Trace ID: 0x a30 Offset: 0x291f Message: 'query results received 1 more results' Timestamp: RELEASE Trace ID: 0x c0 Offset: 0x2243 Message: 'skipping record with UID 210 (not member of 'admin')' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe > { count = 2, contents = "full name" => <string: 0x7fe730403dd0> { length = 18, contents = "AutoTimeZoneDaemon" } "name" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 9, contents = "_timezone" } }' Payload: '<dictionary: 0x7fe b0> { count = 1, contents = }' "querystring" => <string: 0x7fe > { length = 1, contents = "z" }
164 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! Activity: ================== Activity ID: 0x d Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Reason: none detected! Messages: ================== Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results'
165 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! Activity: ================== Activity ID: 0x d Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Reason: none detected! Messages: ================== Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results'
166 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! Activity: ================== Activity ID: 0x d Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Reason: none detected! Messages: ================== Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results' Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory
167 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Application Breadcrumbs: Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: ================== , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query Activity: ================== Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query Activity ID: 0x d Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Reason: none detected! Messages: ================== Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results'
168 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! Activity: Activity: ================== Activity ID: 0x d ================== Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Activity ID: 0x d Reason: none detected Activity Name: sendaction:! Messages: Timestamp: ================== Reason: none detected Timestamp: RELEASE Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results'
169 Watching Faults [~] root% ostraceutil -watch -faults Process: ================== PID: 557 Image_uuid: 28B91236-BAEA DFD-791EBC32E1D6 Image_path: /Demos/Debug/Query Directory.app/Contents/MacOS/Query Directory! Application Breadcrumbs: ================== Timestamp: , Messages: Breadcrumb ID = 19072, Name = 'Query directory using NSOperationQueue', Activity ID: 0x Timestamp: , Breadcrumb ID = 19040, Name = 'Query directory using NSRunLoop', Activity ID: 0x d! ================== Activity: Timestamp: ================== Activity ID: 0x d RELEASE Activity Name: sendaction: Timestamp: Activity ID: 0x d Reason: none detected Trace ID: 0x d530! Messages: Thread: 0x2821 ================== Timestamp: Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C RELEASE Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Activity ID: 0x d Trace ID: 0x d530 Offset: 0x21c21 Thread: 0x2821 Image UUID: DECA11C7-EB E-42DBD0F9374C Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results' Image Path: /usr/libexec/opendirectoryd Offset: 0x21c21 Message: 'request completed, delivered 1 results'
170 Considerations
171 Privacy
172 Privacy Be conscious of privacy when adding trace messages
173 Privacy Be conscious of privacy when adding trace messages Never trace identifying information about a user or device
174 Propagation Failure Send mail Program button click XPCService Daemon Time menu select key equivalent XPCService menu select Compose mail menu select Daemon Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
175 Propagation Failure Send mail Program button click Daemon Time menu select key equivalent menu select XPCService diagnosticd Send mail button click Compose mail menu select Daemon Compose mail Activity Breadcrumb Trace messages
176 Support in Diagnostics OS X Yosemite ios 8 Crash Reports Spin Reports Stackshot lldb
177 Why Use Activity Tracing?
178 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports
179 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support
180 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support Works on both ios and OS X
181 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support Works on both ios and OS X Fast and efficient
182 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support Works on both ios and OS X Fast and efficient Integrated with GCD, XPC, NSOperationQueue, and Foundation
183 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support Works on both ios and OS X Fast and efficient Integrated with GCD, XPC, NSOperationQueue, and Foundation Captures data that traditional logging mechanisms do not
184 Why Use Activity Tracing? Automatically included in diagnostic reports Debugger support Works on both ios and OS X Fast and efficient Integrated with GCD, XPC, NSOperationQueue, and Foundation Captures data that traditional logging mechanisms do not Trace messages scoped to the action
185 More Information Paul Danbold Core OS Technologies Evangelist Apple Developer Forums
186 Related Sessions Improving Your App with Instruments Marina Tuesday 4:30PM Writing Energy Efficient Code, Part 1 Russian Hill Wednesday 10:15AM Writing Energy Efficient Code, Part 2 Russian Hill Wednesday 11:30AM User Privacy in ios and OS X Nob Hill Thursday 2:00PM Power, Performance and Diagnostics: What s New in GCD and XPC Russian Hill Thursday 2:00PM
187 Labs Power and Performance Lab Core OS Lab B Wednesday 2:00PM Power and Performance Lab Core OS Lab A Thursday 3:15PM
188
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