User Guide. Important Message

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1 User Guide BeyondTrust Privilege Manager is a Group Policy extension that provides a least privilege security model for Windows. Organizations can now give elevated permissions for selected tasks and applications. At the same time, they can reduce permissions of applications such as Internet Explorer and Outlook when launched by administrators. Additionally, high security organizations can apply ShatterProof process isolation, the only known protection against shatter attacks. This guide provides step-by-step instructions for installing, deploying, and using BeyondTrust Privilege Manager, as well as a reference of BeyondTrust Administrative Template options related to BeyondTrust Privilege Manager. Important Message BeyondTrust Corporation is a formerly wholly owned subsidiary of DesktopStandard Corporation. BeyondTrust Privilege Manager was formerly named PolicyMaker Application Security. BeyondTrust is in the process of re-branding and upgrading PolicyMaker Application Security v2.5 to BeyondTrust Privilege Manager 3.0. This user guide is for the current version 2.5 and refers to DesktopStandard and PolicyMaker Application Security. Please read the Introduction Note on the next page for more details.

2 Important Introduction Note BeyondTrust Corporation is a formerly wholly owned subsidiary of DesktopStandard Corporation. BeyondTrust Privilege Manager was formerly named PolicyMaker Application Security. BeyondTrust is in the process of re-branding and upgrading PolicyMaker Application Security v2.5 to BeyondTrust Privilege Manager 3.0. The current version of the product you have downloaded still retains the DesktopStandard and PolicyMaker Application Security names. This user guide will refer to DesktopStandard and PolicyMaker Application Security as the current version of the product does. The product instructions described below are all correct. We ask for your understanding as we work to re-brand the product to BeyondTrust Privilege Manager 3.0. This user guide will only refer to BeyondTrust when pointing you to resources on our website, If you have any questions please do not hesitate to contact BeyondTrust at: Telephone: Web: and click Create Ticket

3 About the Company BeyondTrust Corporation is the leading developer of enterprise security products that remove the need for security administrators to place trust in computers or users. BeyondTrust solutions provide protection from zero-hour threats, data theft, and unauthorized malicious use while increasing productivity and compliance. BeyondTrust Privilege Manager was the first product to allow administrators to assign permissions to applications and tasks, enabling the security best practice of Least Privilege in Windows environments. BeyondTrust Privilege Manager has won many prestigious awards, including Excellence in Management of Least Privilege - Customer Trust 2006 (Info Security Products Guide), Best of TechEd Security Finalist (Windows IT Pro/SQL Server Magazine), and Best Product of Policy Management (MSD2D People s Choice Security Award). For more information, visit BeyondTrust Corporation 125 Brewery Lane Portsmouth, NH USA Legal Disclaimer BeyondTrust and Privilege Manager are trademarks of BeyondTrust Corporation. This document is for informational purposes only. BeyondTrust offers no warranties, express or implied, in this document. Microsoft, Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows XP, and Microsoft Windows Server 2003 are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners BeyondTrust Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

4 Contents Welcome The Need for Application Security...13 How PolicyMaker Application Security Works...16 New in PolicyMaker Application Security...19 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security Overview of Components...21 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security...24 Deploying PolicyMaker Application Security Client...28 Licensing...35 Obtaining a License Importing a License Deploying a License to Existing GPOs If You Exceed Your License Frequently Asked Questions about Licensing Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security Rule Types and Tasks...58 Permissions...61 Privileges...61 PolicyMaker Filters...62 Managing Application Security Creating an Application Security Policy Item (Rule)...65 Targeting an Application or Process...67 Targeting a Windows Process or an Application in a Specific Location (Path Rule) Targeting a Specific Application Regardless of Location (Hash Rule) Targeting All Applications in a Specific Folder (Folder Rule) Targeting an Installation by MSI Package File Path (MSI Path Rule) Targeting Installations by MSI Package Folder (MSI Folder Rule) Targeting Installations through Internet Explorer (ActiveX Rule) Modifying Permissions...98 Modifying Privileges Filtering with PolicyMaker Filters Completing an Application Security Policy Item Advanced Options Installing the DesktopStandard Administrative Template Customizing Internet Explorer Restriction and Download Dialogs Enabling ShatterProof Process Isolation to Prevent Shatter Attacks Troubleshooting If Application Security Rules Are Not Taking Effect Other Problems Logging and Tracing Tracing with Policy Monitor (polmon.exe) Adding Logging and Tracing Options to a GPO Logging and Tracing Options in the Administrative Template Support Resources Before Contacting Support Contacting Support Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy Introduction to Group Policy Organization Group Policy Objects and Storage Editing Group Policy

5 Applying Group Policy Group Policy Reporting Creating and Editing a GPO Creating and Editing a GPO using GPMC Only Creating and Editing a GPO using GPMC with GPOVault Creating a New Controlled GPO Checking out a GPO Editing a GPO Offline Appendix 2: Settings in the Administrative Template PolicyMaker Application Security Options Security Driver Options Glossary Index

6 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Welcome Welcome to PolicyMaker Application Security, DesktopStandard s Group Policy extension that provides a least privilege security model for Windows. Group Policy is the extensible Change and Configuration Management (CCM) system built into Active Directory (AD) networks, and is the most widely used technology for distributing security policy. Organizations can now give elevated permissions for selected tasks and applications, even providing self-service installation points for restricted users to reduce the workload of administrators without compromising security. At the same time, organizations can reduce permissions of applications such as Internet Explorer and Microsoft Outlook when launched by administrators. Additionally, high security organizations can use ShatterProof process isolation, the only known protection against shatter attacks, to prevent messaging between processes of different privilege levels. Tip: Getting started with PolicyMaker Application Security For setup instructions, see the Installing PolicyMaker Application Security section in this guide. For an introduction to application security and how to use PolicyMaker Application Security, see the Welcome and Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security sections. (If Group Policy is new to you, see Appendix 1: Introduction to Group Policy.) For step-by-step instructions on how to perform tasks using PolicyMaker Application Security, see the Managing Application Security section. In case of any difficulty with PolicyMaker Application Security, see the Troubleshooting and Support sections at the end of this guide for resources and assistance. 6 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Welcome

7 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide The Need for Application Security In organizations, higher levels of privileges are commonly given to end-users so that they can run an application or perform a system task. This may be the most significant vulnerability facing organizations today. There are statistics suggesting that 70 to 90% of all vulnerabilities are mitigated when the users are running as Least Privileged User Accounts (LUA). eweek published an article with their findings and stated that Power Users and Administrators both left systems vulnerable to over 98% of all viruses and malware that they tested. This problem clearly illuminates the issues surrounding the principle of Least Privilege. In a secure environment, users should only have access to or rights to those resources that they truly need when they need them. Unfortunately, it is not possible to have software developers fix every application to resolve this issue. The number of applications or processes that require elevated rights is vast and growing. Additionally, as rogue users attempt to circumvent controls and malware attacks, high security organizations need to prevent messaging between processes of different privilege levels to protect against shatter attacks, which can enable an unprivileged user to gain control over a computer through unauthorized privilege escalation. PolicyMaker Application Security addresses these challenges in a unique way. Rules are defined to govern which processes and applications receive elevation and what specific permission and privilege elevation is required. These rules are communicated to the client systems as a matter of policy. Additionally, the option to enable ShatterProof process isolation provides the only known defense against shatter attacks. DesktopStandard uses the Group Policy framework to communicate all PolicyMaker Application Security configuration data, so after Group Policy is refreshed, the new rules take effect any time the application or process launches. With PolicyMaker Application Security, you can shape security restrictions to fit the needs of your organization, providing protection without harming productivity. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 7 Welcome

8 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation How PolicyMaker Application Security Works With PolicyMaker Application Security, a kernel-mode driver sits on the client computer. This security driver is deployed and installed in a single installer package (.msi) that also contains the Group Policy client-side extension (CSE) and WMI namespace for reporting of Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) data. Most organizations deploy this package with Group Policy or whatever other software distribution technology they use. The security driver listens to process launches and checks those against the rules that are communicated to the client through Group Policy. If a rule is present, the security driver intercepts the process creation event and manipulates the security token for that process. So when a user launches an application with a rule associated with it, the process launches as that user but the additional privileges and permissions defined in the rule are added. With PolicyMaker Application Security: No secondary accounts are used (unlike Run As-style solutions). Security exposure is not increased and can be protected with ShatterProof process isolation. Applications that need to write to HKEY_CURRENT_USER do not break because the process still launches under the authenticated user. How PolicyMaker Application Security works 8 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Welcome

9 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide New in PolicyMaker Application Security The following features and enhancements are new in version 2.5 of PolicyMaker Application Security: ShatterProof process isolation option to protect against shatter attacks by preventing messaging between processes of different privilege levels The following features and enhancements were first included in version 2.1 of PolicyMaker Application Security: Option to enable restricted users to delete printers Detailed formatting for RSoP reports The following features and enhancements were first included in version 2.0 of PolicyMaker Application Security: Path rule: Automatically set permissions and privileges if selecting an application Option to autofill default permissions ActiveX rule MSI Path rule MSI Folder rule Support for Windows Server 2003 R2 and Windows Vista Processing Mode filter PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 9 Welcome

10 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Installing PolicyMaker Application Security The PolicyMaker Application Security snap-in should be installed on computers used to edit GPOs, and the PolicyMaker Application Security Client should be installed on computers that are to process PolicyMaker settings. Overview of Components The following table identifies the components installed by each of the two installers provided with PolicyMaker Application Security: Installers PolicyMaker Application Security Components PolicyMaker Application Security Extensions to the Group Policy Object Editor and Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) snap-ins, providing the ability to change the permissions and privileges of Windows applications using rules. Must be installed on computers used to edit GPOs. PolicyMaker Application Security Client Security driver that listens to each process launch, checks for applicable rules, and modifies the security token if a rule exists. Client-side extension for planning and processing policy, enabling computers to recognize PolicyMaker Application Security items in GPOs. Internet Explorer Integration Integration support for rules applied to ActiveX control installation. GPMC Integration Group Policy client-side extensions for planning and processing policy, including support for Group Policy Management Console operations. Recommended for computers used to edit GPOs but not required for basic GPMC support. PolicyMaker Application Security Client PolicyMaker Application Security Client Security driver that listens to each process launch, checks for applicable rules, and modifies the security token if a rule exists. Client-side extension for planning and processing policy, enabling computers to recognize PolicyMaker Application Security items in GPOs. May be distributed using Group Policy Software Installation. Tip: Where to find the client installer When PolicyMaker Application Security is installed, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client installer is placed on the same computer so that it is available for the administrator to deploy. By default, it is located at C:\Program Files\DesktopStandard\PolicyMaker\Client\polseccl.msi 10 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

11 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security PolicyMaker Application Security is a Group Policy snap-in that provides the ability to change the permissions and privileges of Windows applications using rules, thus implementing a least privilege security model for Windows. The PolicyMaker Application Security Client (by default, installed along with the snap-in) enables computers to recognize PolicyMaker items in GPOs. Prerequisites: Must be installed on computers used to edit GPOs. Requires Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows 2000, or later. To install the PolicyMaker Application Security snap-in: 1. Double-click the polsec.msi file. 2. In the Welcome dialog box, click Next. 3. In the License Agreement dialog box, accept the terms and click Next. 4. In the Customer Information dialog box, enter your User Name and Organization. Also, select whether this installation is for Anyone who uses this computer or only for you, then click Next. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 11 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

12 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 5. In the Custom Setup dialog box: To accept the default root installation folder, click Next. To select a different root installation folder, click Custom Next. Click Change and select a location. Click Next to continue. 6. Click Install to proceed, then click Finish when installation is complete. The Application Security extension is displayed under the Computer Security and User Security nodes in the Group Policy Object Editor. 12 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

13 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Deploying PolicyMaker Application Security Client The PolicyMaker Application Security Client enables computers to recognize PolicyMaker Application Security items in GPOs. Tip: Required for computers to process PolicyMaker settings The client must be deployed to all computers that are to process PolicyMaker settings. PolicyMaker items in GPOs have no effect on a computer that does not have the client installed. When PolicyMaker Application Security is installed, the client installer is installed on the same computer so that it is available for the administrator to deploy. By default, it is located at: C:\Program Files\DesktopStandard\PolicyMaker\Client\polseccl.msi Prerequisites: Requires Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows 2000, or later. To deploy the PolicyMaker Application Security Client using Group Policy: 1. Click Start Control Panel Administrative Tools Group Policy Management to open the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). (If you have not installed the GPMC, a free tool available at you can open the Group Policy Editor from Active Directory Users and Computers or from a custom Microsoft Management Console.) 2. In the GPMC, click Forest Domains [MyDomain] Group Policy Objects. 3. To create a new GPO, right-click Group Policy Objects and click New. Enter a name for the GPO and click OK. (If you prefer, you can add configurations to an existing GPO instead.) 4. Right-click the GPO and click Edit to launch the Group Policy Object Editor so that you can configure settings for the GPO. Create a new GPO Open the GPO Editor and edit the GPO PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 13 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

14 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 5. In the Group Policy Object Editor, click Computer Configuration Software Settings, then rightclick Software Installation and select New Package. 6. When the PolicyMaker Application Security snap-in is installed, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client installer is placed on the same computer so that it is available for the administrator to deploy. Select the client installer and click Open. Tip: Select an accessible location The file must be hosted in a location (such as a network share) accessible to the SYSTEM account of each computer where the software should be installed. The path provided must use the format \\MyServer\MyFolder\polseccl.msi. 7. Click Assigned OK. 8. After a brief delay, the name of the software to be installed is displayed in the details pane. If it does not appear, right-click Software Installation and select Refresh until it does. (To modify installation settings, double-click the item name in the display pane. If you should need to remove the item, you can do so by right-clicking it and selecting All Tasks Remove.) At the next reboot of each computer to which the GPO applies, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client is installed. After the client has been installed, these computers recognize PolicyMaker Application Security items in GPOs. 14 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

15 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Licensing PolicyMaker Application Security can be used in two different modes: Registered: You have purchased software licenses or obtained free evaluation licenses from DesktopStandard or an authorized reseller and have imported a Registered license keyset. Depending on the terms of the license, use of PolicyMaker Application Security may be limited based on date, domains, organizational units, and the quantity of managed user or computer objects (not including disabled objects). Demonstration: You have installed PolicyMaker Application Security without a license. PolicyMaker client-side extensions (CSEs) are limited to performing configurations from Local GPOs. Obtaining a License To request a free evaluation license or to purchase a registered license, contact BeyondTrust Sales at or or contact a BeyondTrust Value Added Reseller. A sales representative will guide you through the submission of a license request file. To create the file: 1. Click Start Control Panel Administrative Tools Group Policy Management to open the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). Tip: If GPMC is not installed If you have not installed the GPMC (a free tool available at you can open the Group Policy Editor from Active Directory Users and Computers or from a custom Microsoft Management Console. 2. In the GPMC, click Forest Domains [MyDomain] Group Policy Objects. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 15 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

16 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 3. To create a new GPO, right-click Group Policy Objects and click New. Enter a name for the GPO and click OK. (If you prefer, you can modify an existing GPO instead.) 4. Right-click the GPO and click Edit to launch the Group Policy Object Editor so that you can configure settings for the GPO. Create a new GPO Open the GPO Editor and edit the GPO 5. In the Group Policy Object Editor, click User Configuration User Security. 6. In the menu bar of the Group Policy Object Editor, click PolicyMaker Licensing. 16 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

17 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide 7. Click the License Request tab. 8. Provide a contact name, select the type of license that you are requesting, enter the name of your company or organization, and (optionally) comments. Tip: If you have other DesktopStandard products If you already have a license for other DesktopStandard products, ask your sales representative for a comprehensive license that covers all of your DesktopStandard products. This prevents conflicts. 9. Select domains and/or organizational units to be licensed: a. In the Registered Domains /Organizational Units box, click Add. b. In the Select Domain or Organizational Unit dialog box, click Browse. Select a domain or organizational unit for which to request a license, then click OK. Tip: Licensing organizational units Do not license an OU that is nested within another OU that you have already licensed. Doing so would unnecessarily inflate your cost. For more tips about licensing, see the Frequently Asked Questions about Licensing section in this guide. c. Click the Calculate button for Users, then the Calculate button for Computers to determine the number of non-disabled users and computers currently in the selected domain or organizational unit. d. Edit the Users and Computers fields to set quantities appropriate for your organization s upcoming needs. e. Click OK. f. Repeat for each domain or organizational unit to be licensed. 10. Click Export to generate a license request file. your license request file to your sales representative (if ordering directly from DesktopStandard) or to an authorized reseller. Once your license request is approved, a license key will be ed to you. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 17 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

18 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Importing a License To import a license key: 1. After installing PolicyMaker Application Security, edit a GPO. 2. In the Group Policy Object Editor, click User Configuration User Security. 3. In the menu bar of the Group Policy Object Editor, click PolicyMaker Licensing. 4. On the Local License tab, click Import. 5. Select the license.xml file that you received from your DesktopStandard sales representative or authorized reseller, then click Open. 6. Click OK. The license is automatically applied to new GPOs when policy is edited from this computer, however you must deploy the license to all existing GPOs for it to take effect in those GPOs. Tip: Manually importing a license To manually import a license rather than using the above procedure, copy the license.xml file to %AllUsersProfile%\Application Data\DesktopStandard\PolicyMaker. The license is automatically applied to new GPOs when edited from this computer; however you must deploy the license to all existing GPOs for it to take effect in those GPOs. (For PolicyMaker versions prior to PolicyMaker Standard Edition 2.1, PolicyMaker Software Update 1.3, and PolicyMaker Application Security 1.02 use the following path instead: %AllUsersProfile%\Application Data\AutoProf\PolicyMaker.) 18 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

19 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Deploying a License to Existing GPOs To apply a new license to existing GPOs, use one of the following options: Option 1: Deploy the license to each GPO individually. 1. Edit a GPO. 2. In the Group Policy Object Editor, click User Configuration User Security. 3. In the menu bar, click PolicyMaker Licensing. 4. Click the GPO License tab and then the Deploy button to deploy the new license to this GPO. (Note: The Deploy button is only be displayed if you have imported a valid license on the local computer.) 5. Repeat for each GPO that contains PolicyMaker settings. Option 2: Download and run the PolicyMaker License Distribution script to replace and deploy the license to every GPO within the domain. 1. Download the PolicyMaker License Distribution JavaScript from the DesktopStandard website. See the More Info section on: 2. Click Start All Programs Accessories Command Prompt. 3. Navigate to the location of the JavaScript file, then enter PMLicenseDist.js [DomainName] /Replace where [DomainName] is the name of the domain if other than your logged on domain. This replaces the license key throughout the domain in all GPOs that have PolicyMaker items configured. To apply the license to PolicyMaker versions prior to PolicyMaker Standard Edition 2.1, PolicyMaker Software Update 1.3, or PolicyMaker Application Security 1.02, enter PMLicenseDist.js [DomainName] /Replace /AutoProf Tip: Using the PMLicenseDist script This script must be run by an administrator with write access to all of the GPOs on a computer that has a PolicyMaker application and the Group Policy Management Console installed. When run with the /Replace option, this script finds all PolicyMaker items on the selected domain and replaces the license key. For more information about this script, see the URL above. Also, navigate to the location of the script and enter PMLicenseDist.js /help to display help. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 19 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

20 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation If You Exceed Your License PolicyMaker counts the objects in the licensed containers once per day. Once completed, this count is not performed again until the next day. If more user or computer objects are managed than permitted by your license, you will be unable to configure additional objects and a 14-day grace period begins during which PolicyMaker Application Security continues to operate normally for those objects already configured. Also, a warning is written to the application event log when PolicyMaker s count discovers an excess and each time policy is processed until the excess is resolved. Removing objects from the licensed containers allows all computers to receive configurations again, but only after the container quantities are recalculated (next day). If the additional objects in the containers are a permanent change, a new license with sufficient quantities can be imported into the GPO (import and make a change to a PolicyMaker item in the GPO). This allows all of the computers to receive PolicyMaker configurations immediately. After 14 days, if you have not resolved the license excess (either by purchasing a new license or reducing the quantity of objects), PolicyMaker client-side extensions will no longer process policy for GPOs and an error is written to the application event log. Tip: License quantity caching If you have exceeded your license but then reduce the number of objects so that you no longer exceed your license, it may take up to 24 hours for clients to recognize the correction due to quantity caching. 20 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

21 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Frequently Asked Questions about Licensing The following questions and answers can help you determine how many licenses you require. Do I need a license to process PolicyMaker extensions? A license is required to run any PolicyMaker extension in a network GPO except PolicyMaker Registry Extension. Also, Report actions in PolicyMaker Software Update do not require a license and using PolicyMaker in a local policy does not require a license. Does PolicyMaker track license usage? The licensing system counts the total number of active objects in the licensed domain or OU and if this number is less than or equal to the license count, licensing succeeds. PolicyMaker does not track user or computer objects that have been configured. Do I need user or computer licenses? User licenses are required to configure PolicyMaker items under the User Configuration node in the Group Policy Object Editor (GPOE) such as mail Profiles. Computer licenses are required to configure PolicyMaker items under the Computer Configuration node in the GPOE such as TCP/IP printers. A computer configuration item is computer-specific (applies to computer when any or no user is logged in) and is processed when the computer boots as well as during background refresh. A user configuration item is processed when the user logs in and during background refresh (but only if the user is logged in). Which containers (Domains and Organizational Units (OUs)) should I license? How many licenses do I need? The container or containers at the highest level in which all objects in the container and all subcontainers can configured by PolicyMaker should be licensed. For example, for the network shown in the diagram below, if you are only applying PolicyMaker items to the Eng, MIS, and Finance departments, you would license the CA and Finance organizational units. A license is required for all active computer/user objects in the licensed container (OU or domain) and all sub-containers. For example, in the network shown in this diagram, if a GPO containing PolicyMaker items is to be applied to the TX organizational unit, a license would be required for all active computer objects in the TX, Mktg, Sales, and HR organizational units. Do disabled objects count towards licensed totals? No, only active objects are counted. Disabled objects do not receive policy therefore are not counted by PolicyMaker. Are objects in sub-containers counted towards licensed totals? Domain CA NY TX Eng MIS Finance Exec Mktg Sales HR Yes, all active objects in the licensed container and all sub-containers are counted in the license total. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 21 Installing PolicyMaker Application Security

22 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security With PolicyMaker Application Security, you create Application Security policy items (rules) in the Group Policy Object Editor (GPOE). Each Application Security policy item elevates or reduces the permissions and privileges of a Windows application or process when it is run or of an MSI package or ActiveX control when it is installed. Using Group Policy Objects and PolicyMaker filtering, you can apply these security changes to selected computers and users. To elevate or reduce the permissions and privileges of an application, a process, or an installation: Edit a GPO using Group Policy Object Editor Create an Application Security policy item (also called a rule) Target an application or process for which to modify permissions and privileges Modify permissions for the targeted application or process Modify privileges for the targeted application or process Filter the policy item so that it is applied only to appropriate users and computers Close Group Policy Object Editor The Managing Application Security section guides you through creating and configuring an Application Security policy item. 22 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security

23 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Rule Types and Tasks PolicyMaker Application Security enables you to create Application Security policy items (rules) with targeting options appropriate to many different tasks. I want to modify permissions and privileges for A Windows process A program in a specific location A specific program regardless of its location All programs in a specific folder An MSI package in a specific location All MSI packages in a specific folder All installations initiated by Internet Explorer A specific installation initiated by Internet Explorer The installation of all ActiveX controls The installation of a specific ActiveX control(s) I want to Elevate the permission level for restricted users performing a common Windows task or running an application requiring higher privileges Elevate the permission level for restricted users running any applications in a specific folder Reduce the permissions for administrators when using applications such as Internet Explorer and Outlook Provide a self-service software installation point for restricted users Enable restricted users to use the Add Hardware wizard (or prevent users from using the wizard) Enable restricted users to add or remove plug and play hardware (or prevent users from adding plug and play hardware) Enable restricted users to shut down their computers Inoculate against shatter attacks Select Path rule Path rule Hash rule Folder rule MSI Path rule MSI Folder rule ActiveX rule ActiveX rule ActiveX rule ActiveX rule Select Path rule or Hash rule Folder rule Path rule or Hash rule Folder rule for executables and MSI Folder rule for MSI packages Path rule Path rule Path rule Enable Process Isolation (ShatterProof) in the Administrative Template PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 23 Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security

24 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Permissions Privileges PolicyMaker Filters You can select modifications to be made to the permissions of an application or process when it is run. Permissions are defined by the security groups listed in the process token. With each rule, you can add security groups to and/or remove security groups from the application s process token. The effect is the same as making changes to the end-user s group memberships but only for the specific application. You can select modifications to be made to the privileges of an application or process when it is run. With each rule, you can grant and/or deny privileges to the application. The effect is the same as if the privileges were granted or denied to the end-user but only for the specific application. The standard list of Windows privileges includes such items as the ability to Shut down the system and Take ownership of files or other objects. With PolicyMaker filters, you can restrict the application of permission and privilege modifications to selected users and computers. Using these per-item filters, you can manage a wider variety of users and computers with a smaller number of GPOs. Within a single GPO, you can include similar policy items customized for selected users and computers, each filtered to apply their settings only to the relevant users or computers. PolicyMaker Application Security provides more than 25 setting filters to fine tune the application of security configurations to users and computers the same filters available in PolicyMaker Standard Edition. Filters can be as simple as: Modify the security of this application only for members of the Domain Admins security group. Alternatively, filters can be as complex as: Modify the security of version 2.1 of this application only for members of the Domain Admins security group using a specific computer. All of these possibilities are available to you. 24 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Getting Started with PolicyMaker Application Security

25 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Managing Application Security With each Application Security policy item, you elevate or reduce the permissions and privileges of a Windows application or process when it is run or of an MSI package or ActiveX control when it is installed. Using Group Policy Objects and PolicyMaker filtering, you can apply these security changes to selected computers and users. To elevate or reduce the permissions and privileges of an application, a process, or an installation: 1. Create an Application Security policy item (also called a rule). 2. Target an application or process for which to modify permissions and privileges. 3. Modify the permissions for the targeted application or process. 4. Modify the privileges for the targeted application or process. 5. Filter the policy item so that it is applied only to appropriate users and computers. This section guides you through creating and configuring an Application Security policy item. Creating an Application Security Policy Item (Rule) To create an Application Security policy item (also called a rule): 1. Edit a GPO. (See Creating and Editing a GPO in Appendix 1 of this guide for detailed instructions.) 2. In the GPO Editor, click Computer Configuration Computer Security Application Security if applying this setting to selected computers or User Configuration User Security Application Security if applying this setting to selected users. 3. Right-click the Application Security node and select New Application Security Policy. See the Targeting an Application or Process section below to continue. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 25 Managing Application Security

26 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Targeting an Application or Process To modify the security for an application or process, you must first target the application or process for which security is to be modified. You can target using the following rule types: Path rule Hash rule Folder rule ActiveX rule MSI Path rule MSI Folder rule Which rule type you should use depends upon your task: I want to modify permissions and privileges for A Windows process A program in a specific location A specific program regardless of its location All programs in a specific folder An MSI package in a specific location All MSI packages in a specific folder All installations initiated by Internet Explorer A specific installation initiated by Internet Explorer The installation of one or all ActiveX controls I want to Elevate the permission level for restricted users performing a common Windows task or running an application requiring higher privileges Elevate the permission level for restricted users running any applications in a specific folder Reduce the permissions for administrators when using applications such as Internet Explorer and Outlook Provide a self-service software installation point for restricted users Enable restricted users to use the Add Hardware wizard (or prevent users from using the wizard) Enable restricted users to add or remove plug and play hardware (or prevent users from adding plug and play hardware) Enable restricted users to shut down their computers Inoculate against shatter attacks Select Path rule Path rule Hash rule Folder rule MSI Path rule MSI Folder rule ActiveX rule ActiveX rule ActiveX rule Select Path rule or Hash rule Folder rule Path rule or Hash rule Folder rule for executables and MSI Folder rule for MSI packages Path rule Path rule Path rule Enable Process Isolation (ShatterProof) in the Administrative Template After determining the type of rule to select, see the appropriate section on the following pages to continue. 26 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

27 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Targeting a Windows Process or an Application in a Specific Location (Path Rule) To target an application or process based on its location so that you can modify its permissions or privileges when it is run: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select Path rule to target an application by its program file path. 2. Enter a path or click to select a process or application. You can select: A process running on your computer A standard Windows process, such as Add or Remove Programs or Display (Select the specific Windows version and in some cases the service pack and whether to target the Control Panel, Desktop, or Taskbar process.) An application An executable file (Click to navigate to an executable file, either a local file or a file on a network share path. Network share paths must be fully-qualified UNC paths, such as \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyApp.exe. Mapped drives may not be used.) If the Default Security Settings dialog box appears, you can click Yes to automatically populate the permissions and privileges needed for this task. This is recommended to simplify identification of these permissions and privileges even if your intention is to restrict them. You can modify these security settings when you configure options on the Permissions and Privileges tabs. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 27 Managing Application Security

28 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 3. Select additional targeting options if desired: To target this application only if specific command line arguments are used when the application is launched, enter the Arguments. This field is not case sensitive. (Depending upon your Path selection, the field may be automatically populated.) To target this application regardless of any command line arguments specified when the application is launched, leave this field blank. To target this application only if it is a local file owned by the Administrators group, click Apply rule only if program is owned by the Administrators group. (To target a specific file regardless of location, use a Hash rule instead.) To cause processes launched by this application to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted application. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. Tip: Using wildcards, variables, and partial command lines You can use variables in the Path field and wildcards and variables in the Arguments fields, potentially targeting multiple files. For a list of variables, click the field and press F3, then double-click to select. You can use a partial command line in the Arguments field. A partial command line is considered a match as long as each character from left to right matches the beginning of the actual process command line. 28 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

29 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Targeting a Specific Application Regardless of Location (Hash Rule) To target a specific application regardless of its location so that you can modify its permissions or privileges when it is run: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select Hash rule to target an application by hash code. 2. Click to select an application. You can select: A process running on your computer An executable file (Click to navigate to an executable file, either a local file or a file on a network share path. Network share paths must be fully-qualified UNC paths, such as \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyApp.exe. Mapped drives may not be used.) A SHA1 hash code is calculated from the selected executable. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 29 Managing Application Security

30 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 3. Select additional targeting options if desired: To target this application only if specific command line arguments are used when the application is launched, enter the Arguments. This field is not case sensitive. To target this application regardless of any command line arguments specified when the application is launched, leave this field blank. To cause processes launched by this application to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted application. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. Tip: Using wildcards, variables, and partial command lines You can modify the Arguments field to include wildcards and variables. For a list of variables, click the field and press F3, then double-click to select. You can use a partial command line in the Arguments field. A partial command line is considered a match as long as each character from left to right matches the beginning of the actual process command line. 30 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

31 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Targeting All Applications in a Specific Folder (Folder Rule) To target all applications in a specific folder so that you can modify their permissions or privileges when they are run: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select Folder rule to target applications by folder path. 2. Enter a path or click to select a folder, either a local folder or a folder on a network share path. Network share paths must be fully-qualified UNC paths, such as \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyApp. Mapped drives may not be used. Tip: Using variables You can modify the Folder field to include variables, potentially targeting multiple folders. For a list of variables, click the field and press F3, then double-click to select. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 31 Managing Application Security

32 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 3. Select additional targeting options if desired: To target an application in this folder only if it is a local file owned by the Administrators group, click Apply rule only if program is owned by the Administrators group. To target all applications in subfolders of this folder as well, click Apply rule to all programs in all subfolders of the specified folder. To cause processes launched by this application to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted application. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. 32 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

33 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Targeting an Installation by MSI Package File Path (MSI Path Rule) MSI Path rules modify msiexec.exe permissions and privileges, but enable you to target by MSI package. To target an MSI package based on its location so that you can modify its permissions or privileges when it is installed: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select MSI Path rule to target an MSI package by its file path. 2. Enter a path or click to select an MSI package file, either a local file or a file on a network share path. (Network share paths must be fullyqualified UNC paths, such as \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyApp.msi. Mapped drives may not be used.) 3. Select additional targeting option if desired: To cause processes launched by this MSI package to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted application. Tip: Using variables You can use variables in the Package field, potentially targeting multiple files. For a list of variables, click the field and press F3, then double-click to select. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 33 Managing Application Security

34 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Targeting Installations by MSI Package Folder (MSI Folder Rule) MSI Folder rules modify msiexec.exe permissions and privileges, but enable you to target MSI packages by folder. To target all MSI packages in a specific folder so that you can modify their permissions or privileges when they are installed: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select MSI Folder rule to target installation packages by folder path. 2. Enter a path or click to select a folder, either a local folder or a folder on a network share path. Network share paths must be fully-qualified UNC paths, such as \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyApp. Mapped drives may not be used. Tip: Using variables You can modify the Folder field to include variables. For a list of variables, click the field and press F3, then double-click to select. 34 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

35 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide 3. Select additional targeting options if desired: To target all MSI packages in subfolders of this folder as well, click Apply rule to all packages in all subfolders of the specified folder. To cause processes launched by this package to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted application. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 35 Managing Application Security

36 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Targeting Installations through Internet Explorer (ActiveX Rule) ActiveX rules are not limited to ActiveX controls, but apply in general to component installations initiated by Internet Explorer (IE). With IE running as a restricted user, control installations normally fail (often without proper feedback) because the installations occur within the IE process and therefore within the same restricted security context. An ActiveX rule causes a targeted control to install in a separate context that can have permissions and privileges individually modified by the rule. To target the installation of a specific ActiveX control, the installation of all ActiveX controls, or installations initiated by Internet Explorer so that you can modify their permissions or privileges: 1. On the Application tab in the Properties dialog box, select ActiveX rule to target the installation of ActiveX controls or other component installations initiated by Internet Explorer. 2. Select whether to target all component installations or a specific component installation: To target all component installations, check Apply rule to all ActiveX control installations. To target a specific component installation, clear the Apply rule to all ActiveX control installations checkbox and enter any limitations desired. You can restrict the targeting of this rule to components with a specific: Source URL, such as Archive file name, such as mycontrol.cab. (Enter the file name in the Control field.) CLSID, such as {AD787F30-34D1-43EB-BC61-968DDD60E1A8}. MIME, such as application/pdf. Version of a control. (A specific control must first be entered in the Control field.) The version range may be open-ended (such as <1.00) or closed (such as >=1.00 and <2.00). 36 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

37 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide 3. Select additional targeting option if desired: To cause processes launched by the targeted component(s) to inherit these permission or privilege changes, click Apply rule to all processes launched by the targeted control. See the Modifying Permissions or Modifying Privileges section in this guide to continue. Tip: Secure ActiveX rules To make an ActiveX rule secure, target a specific component and specify a source URL. Source URL is considered secure because to spoof a control s source URL, a malicious website would first have to compromise other network (or local computer) components, such as DNS. Other parameters used with a source URL provide configuration granularity. However, without a trusted source URL specified, use of any other ActiveX targeting parameter is not considered secure, as a site can easily host a control with any of these parameters. Tip: Customizing IE dialogs After completing this Application Security policy item, see the Advanced Options section in this guide for information on how you can customize the text in dialog boxes related to installation and downloads through Internet Explorer. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 37 Managing Application Security

38 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Modifying Permissions After you have targeted an application or process, you can select any modifications to be made to the permissions of that application or process when it is run. Permissions are defined by the security groups listed in the process token. By default, this list includes all groups of which the end-user who launched the process is a member. With each rule, you can add security groups to and/or remove security groups from the application s process token. The effect is the same as making changes to the end-user s group memberships but only for the specific application. Tip: Default security settings Depending on the selections that you made while targeting the application, some permissions may be pre-populated due to default security settings. You can modify the permissions as needed. To modify the permissions for an application or process that you have targeted: 1. In the Properties dialog box, click the Permissions tab. 2. Click to configure modifications to permissions for a new security group, whether adding a group to or removing a group from the permissions for the application. 38 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

39 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide 3. In the Group dialog box, enter a group name or click to browse to a group. If entering a group name, use one of the following naming conventions: MyGroup (will be resolved during Group Policy processing using standard resolution logic, first searching the local host and then the network domain accounts for a match) MyDomain\MyDomainGroup MyComputer\MyGroup BUILTIN\MyGroup.\MyGroup (indicates a group on the local computer) About SID resolution: If browsing to select a group, the SID is resolved automatically when you make your selection and the name (although displayed) is ignored when permissions are determined. If entering a group name manually, the SID is resolved during Group Policy processing on client computers. 4. Select an Action for the group. To enable this group to use the application if the group would otherwise not have permission to do so, select Add this group to the security token. To prevent this group from using the application if the group would otherwise have permission to do so, select Remove this group from the security token. 5. Click OK to close the Group dialog box. 6. Repeat to configure modifications for additional security groups. Tip: Removing or changing modifications to permissions To delete a modification to permissions for a security group (whether adding a group to or removing a group from the permissions for the application), select the group and click on the Permissions tab. To change the security group name or the action for a modification to permissions for a security group, select the group and click the Permissions tab. See the Modifying Privileges for an Application or Process section below to continue. For information about issues unique to members of the Administrators group, see the Troubleshooting: If Application Security Rules Are Not Taking Effect section in this guide. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 39 Managing Application Security

40 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Modifying Privileges After you have targeted an application or process, you can select modifications to be made to the privileges of that application or process when it is run. With each rule, you can grant and/or deny privileges to the application. The effect is the same as if the privileges were granted or denied to the end-user but only for the specific application. Tip: Default security settings Depending on the selections that you made while targeting the application, some privileges may be pre-populated due to default security settings. You can modify the privileges as needed. To modify the privileges for an application or process that you have targeted: 1. In the Properties dialog box, click the Privileges tab. 2. Select a privilege or privileges, then click an Action for the selected privilege(s). Move the mouse pointer over a privilege to display a description. You can use the Shift or Ctrl keys to select multiple privileges at once: To grant the selected privilege(s) to the application if it would not otherwise have them, click Grant. To deny the selected privilege(s) to the application if it would otherwise have them, click Deny. To remove an existing modification the privilege(s), click Deselect. 3. Repeat to configure modifications for other privileges. See the Filtering with PolicyMaker Per-Item Filters section below to continue, or click OK if you do not want to filter this policy item so that it is only applied to selected users or computers. 40 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

41 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Filtering with PolicyMaker Filters After you have targeted an application or process and selected modifications to be made to the permissions and privileges of that application or process when it is run, you have the option to restrict the application of these security modifications to selected users and computers. Using filters, you can manage a wider variety of users and computers with a smaller number of GPOs. Within a single GPO, you can include similar policy items customized for selected users and computers, each filtered to apply their settings only to the relevant users or computers. To filter this Application Security policy item so that its security modifications are applied to a user or computer only if the conditions of the filter are met: 1. Click the Common tab. 2. Check Filter this setting and click. 3. In the Filtering window, click filters to select, then adjust the settings for each filter selected in the lower portion of the window. 4. Click OK to close the Filtering window. This application security policy item is skipped by computers or users if the filtering conditions are not met. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 41 Managing Application Security

42 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Completing an Application Security Policy Item After you have targeted an application or process, selected modifications to be made to the permissions and privileges when it is run, and added any filters to restrict the application of these security modifications, click OK to close the Properties window. The Application Security policy item takes effect on computers to which the policy item is applied when Group Policy is refreshed. Tip: Changing the policy item name You can change the name of a policy item without affecting the settings within it. To change the name, right-click the policy item, select Rename, and enter a new name for the policy item. 42 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

43 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Advanced Options Using the DesktopStandard Administrative Template, you can configure advanced options for PolicyMaker Application Security, such as customizing the text on restriction and download dialog boxes that result in Internet Explorer when certain ActiveX rule settings exist and enabling ShatterProof process isolation to protect high security environments against shatter attacks. Installing the DesktopStandard Administrative Template Although the DesktopStandard Administrative Template is installed along with any PolicyMaker application, you must add it to the Group Policy Object Editor so that you can access the settings. If you have other PolicyMaker applications already installed, you should remove and add the ADM template to incorporate the features of the latest version. To add or update the DesktopStandard Administrative Template: 1. In the GPO Editor, click Computer Configuration. Right-click Administrative Templates and select Add/Remove Templates. 2. If desktopstandard is not in the list of Current Policy Templates, click Add, double-click desktopstandard.adm, then click Close. Customizing Internet Explorer Restriction and Download Dialogs Using ActiveX rules, you can restrict or enable component installations initiated by Internet Explorer (IE). With IE running as a restricted user, component installations normally fail (often without proper feedback) because the installations occur within the IE process and therefore within the same restricted security context. Using the DesktopStandard Administrative Template, you can notify end-users when a component installation fails and even provide an interactive response through . Additionally, you can provide a customized progress dialog when component downloads are permitted. To customize Internet Explorer restriction or download dialogs: 1. Edit a GPO. (See Creating and Editing a GPO in Appendix 1 of this guide for detailed instructions.) 2. In the GPO Editor, click Computer Configuration Administrative Templates DesktopStandard System Security Driver. (If this path is not available, see the Installing the DesktopStandard Administrative Template section in this guide.) PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 43 Managing Application Security

44 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation 3. To customize the dialog that is displayed when an ActiveX control fails due to lack of permissions, double-click Internet Explorer Failure Dialog Customization. a. In the Properties window, click Enabled. b. Configure dialog options. If you include an Administrator s address, it will appear as a link in the dialog. c. Click OK. The resulting dialog for the end-user: 4. To customize the download progress dialog that is displayed when an end-user attempts to download, double-click Internet Explorer Download Dialog Customization. a. In the Properties window, click Enabled. b. Configure dialog options. c. Click OK. The resulting dialog for the end-user: 44 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Managing Application Security

45 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Enabling ShatterProof Process Isolation to Prevent Shatter Attacks Process Isolation is a global security setting that causes all processes on a computer to be grouped by common process token. This grouping is then used to deny passage of Windows messages between processes of differing permission levels. This feature effectively inoculates a computer against shatter attacks, which can result in local or even network privilege escalation. Tip: Recommended only for high security environments Processes existing in the same group should not encounter problems communicating with each other when process isolation is enabled, however certain applications and operating system components may exhibit undesirable behavior. For example, due to a problem with clipboard design, clipboard paste of text data fails even between same-token processes. Other problems include failure of certain combo boxes to open using the mouse and loss of the mouse cursor under certain circumstances in Explorer. For these reasons, this feature is best reserved for highly secure environments. To enable ShatterProof process isolation on computers to which a GPO is applied: 1. Edit a GPO. (See Creating and Editing a GPO in Appendix 1 of this guide for detailed instructions.) 2. In the GPO Editor, click Computer Configuration Administrative Templates DesktopStandard System Security Driver. (If this path is not available, see the Installing the DesktopStandard Administrative Template section in this guide.) 3. In the details pane, double-click Process Isolation (ShatterProof). 4. In the Properties window, click Enabled OK. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 45 Managing Application Security

46 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Troubleshooting This section responds to common questions about using PolicyMaker Application Security, and provides information about performing logging and tracing. If Application Security Rules Are Not Taking Effect If you have configured Application Security rules but they are having no effect, please review the following questions. Have you deployed the PMAS Client? For computers on which PolicyMaker Application Security (PMAS) is not installed to recognize Application Security policy items, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client must be installed. See the Installing PolicyMaker Application Security section of this guide for instructions on how to deploy the PMAS Client to computers on which PMAS is not installed. For those computers on which PMAS is installed, the client is automatically installed at the same time. If you have not rebooted since installing PMAS and Application Security policy items are having no effect on the computer on which PMAS is installed, it may be necessary to reboot that computer. Have you linked the GPO to an organizational unit and refreshed Group Policy? You must link a GPO to an organizational unit (OU) for policy items in that GPO to be applied to users or computers in that OU. Also, Group Policy must be refreshed before new policy items or changes to policy items will take effect. For information about forcing a refresh of Group Policy: 1. In the Group Policy Management Console, click Help Help Topics. 2. Click the Search tab, enter Refresh Group Policy with gpupdate, then click List Topics. 3. Double-click Refresh Group Policy settings to display documentation on the gpupdate command, which can be used to force a refresh of Group Policy. Have you placed policy items under Computer Configuration or User Configuration as intended? Application Security policy items can be created for either the Computer Configuration or the User Configuration of a GPO. Have you avoided targeting a mapped drive? Application Security policy items can target local program files or folders or those that reside in a network share path. If a drive letter is specified (either explicitly or after variable resolution) and the letter is a drive mapping to a network path, the policy item will not be applied. A program file or an MSI package on a network share must be targeted by a fully-qualified UNC path (for example, \\MyServer\MyFolder\MyProgram.exe). If the user is a member of Administrators, have you resolved process ownership issues? When the user launching an executable is a member of the Administrators security group, the process token may be owned by the Administrators group rather than the user. This is the case on all versions of Windows On Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 this behavior is optional, and the default is to give the user ownership of processes. However, on these newer operating systems this default may be changed to the Windows 2000 behavior using Application Security policy. If the process token is owned by Administrators and the Administrators group is removed, PolicyMaker gives the user who launched the process ownership of the process (if this is not already the case). By default this will not result in any change on Windows XP or Windows Server 46 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Troubleshooting

47 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide If the Administrators group was the owner and ownership is changed to the user, any object (such as a file or registry setting) that is created by the process is owned by the user. The newer behavior (implemented by default on Windows XP and Windows 2003 and as modified by PolicyMaker when necessary) provides an improved audit trail of object creation because new objects are associated with the specific user who created them. Have you ensured that multiple Application Security policy items do not conflict? PolicyMaker Application Security processes policy items according to standard Group Policy processing rules. For two competing policy items, the last policy item applied takes effect. Additionally, if user and computer policy items are competing for the same process, user policy takes precedence over computer policy. Two policy items cannot be applied to the same process on computer, so only the policy item with the highest precedence is applied. Have you analyzed the situation using logging and tracing options? Other Problems Unable to find client installer See the Logging and Tracing section in this guide. This section provides information about other problems that some users have encountered. When PolicyMaker Application Security is installed, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client installer is placed on the same computer so that it is available for the administrator to deploy. By default, it is located at C:\Program Files\DesktopStandard\PolicyMaker\Client\polseccl.msi. Some components are not displayed or installed If the prerequisites for a component are not met before installation, that component will not be installed, nor will it be displayed under Custom Setup during installation. Installing PMAS client causes antispyware warning Installing the PolicyMaker Application Security Client causes some antispyware programs to display warnings or errors because it installs a browser helper object. The PolicyMaker Browser Helper is required for ActiveX rules in PolicyMaker Application Security. You can configure antispyware to allow the PolicyMaker Browser Helper. It is located in the system32 folder and is named pmbho.dll. You can install the PolicyMaker Application Security Client without the PolicyMaker Browser Helper and therefore without the ActiveX rule functionality. See the Knowledge Base on the DesktopStandard website for instructions: Unable to apply a rule to a 16-bit application PolicyMaker Application Security currently does not support 16-bit applications. Such applications run in the Windows 16-bit Virtual DOS Machine (ntvdm.exe) and so do not appear as individual processes and cannot be matched to a rule by Application Security. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 47 Troubleshooting

48 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Logging and Tracing In addition to PolicyMaker logging and tracing managed through the DesktopStandard Administrative Template, PolicyMaker Application Security includes a troubleshooting utility. Tracing with Policy Monitor (polmon.exe) A troubleshooting utility called Policy Monitor (polmon.exe) is included with PolicyMaker Application Security. When run on a client computer, this utility monitors all processes running on the computer and displays information about each process, including the full path of the launching process and other details pertinent to PolicyMaker Application Security. To use Policy Monitor: 1. Copy polmon.exe to the client computer. (When PolicyMaker Application Security is installed, this file is by default placed in the C:\Program Files\DesktopStandard\PolicyMaker \Application Security folder on the same computer.) 2. Double-click polmon.exe to launch Policy Monitor. An entry will be displayed in Policy Monitor for each process running on the computer. 3. Run gpupdate /force from a command prompt. An entry will be displayed in Policy Monitor for each Application Security rule applied, as well as other processes. 4. Launch an application or process to which an Application Security rule has been applied. The full path of the launching process, any matches found, and any rules applied will be displayed in Policy Monitor. If the path appears, but there is no mention of a command line match or rule being applied, then the process was not recognized as one to which a rule should have been applied. This typically occurs if the rule was not configured correctly. For more information on using Policy Monitor, see the Knowledge Base on the BeyondTrust website: 48 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Troubleshooting

49 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Adding Logging and Tracing Options to a GPO Although the DesktopStandard Administrative Template is installed along with any PolicyMaker application, you must add it to each Group Policy Object so that you can access the settings. If you have other PolicyMaker applications already installed, remove and add the DesktopStandard Administrative Template to incorporate the features of the latest version. To add the DesktopStandard Administrative Template: 1. Edit a GPO. (See Creating and Editing a GPO in Appendix 1 of this guide for detailed instructions.) 2. In the GPO Editor, click Computer Configuration. Rightclick Administrative Templates and select Add/Remove Templates. 3. In the Add/Remove Templates window, click Add, double-click desktopstandard.adm. If you have previously installed the DesktopStandard Administrative Template along with another PolicyMaker application or a previous version, confirm the file replace if the existing file is older than the current one. 4. Click Close. For this GPO, the following paths have been added to the GPO Editor: Computer Configuration Administrative Templates DesktopStandard User Configuration Administrative Templates DesktopStandard PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 49 Troubleshooting

50 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Logging and Tracing Options in the Administrative Template To configure logging and tracing options using the DesktopStandard Administrative template: 1. Edit a GPO. (See Creating and Editing a GPO in Appendix 1 of this guide for detailed instructions.) 2. Click Computer Configuration Administrative Templates DesktopStandard System. 3. To configure Security Driver logging and tracing options: a. In the console tree, click Security Driver, then double-click Security Driver Logging in the details pane. b. Click Enabled, then configure logging and tracing options. c. Click OK. 4. To configure PolicyMaker Application Security Policy Processing logging and tracing options: a. In the console tree, click Group Policy, then double-click PolicyMaker Application Security Policy Processing in the details pane. b. Click Enabled, then scroll down and configure logging and tracing options. c. Click OK. 50 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Troubleshooting

51 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Support An online knowledge base as well as telephone and web-based support are available. Also, when editing any PolicyMaker item, you can click the Help button to view detailed information about available options. Resources The BeyondTrust Knowledge Base provides how-to information and solutions to known problems. Access it on the BeyondTrust website at Before Contacting Support Tip: Is the PMAS Client installed? For computers on which PolicyMaker Application Security (PMAS) is not installed to recognize PMAS policy items, the PolicyMaker Application Security Client must be installed. Contacting Support Please obtain as much information about the problem as possible using PolicyMaker troubleshooting aids such as: Policy Monitor Trace options Event logging Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) logging To expedite support, please have the following available: An image or the full text of any error messages The context of the problem, including affected platform(s) How to reproduce the problem For client problems: A copy of the XML configuration data that produces the problem, trace output, event log messages, and RSoP reporting data as available Hours: 8:00AM to 8:00PM ET 08:00 to 20:00 ET (GMT -5) Monday through Friday Telephone: Web: and click Create Ticket PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 51 Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

52 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy If you are new to Group Policy or unfamiliar with how to create and edit a GPO, this appendix provides and introduction to Group Policy followed by instructions creating and editing a GPO. Introduction to Group Policy Group Policy is a framework for user and computer configuration on Windows 2000 and later operating systems that use Active Directory. Group Policy makes certain fundamental assumptions about how users and computers should be configured in an enterprise environment. The primary assumption is that desired configurations are often common across multiple users and computers, and these groupings often reflect organizational structure. Organization Active Directory organizational units (OU) exist to facilitate this grouping and to enable such units to be members of other units. This organization is distinct from security group and domain organizations, which are both fundamentally oriented around security priorities and do not generally reflect an organization s hierarchy. Group Policy settings can be applied to sites, domains, and OUs. Group Policy Objects and Storage A Group Policy Object (GPO) is a collection of configuration settings that can be applied to certain users and/or computers based on their membership in a site, domain, or organizational unit. Each GPO has a name and a globally unique identifier (GUID). A GPO consists primarily of data that is stored in two distinct locations on a network, the Group Policy Container (GPC) and the Group Policy Template (GPT). The GPC is system and policy settings data that is stored in the Active Directory, associated with the GPO by its GUID. The GPT stores the actual configuration settings. GPO data is synchronized to all domain controllers on a given domain. Editing Group Policy The Group Policy Object Editor (GPOE) is the primary tool for Group Policy administrators to configure settings within a GPO. The GPOE is implemented as a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in that integrates various plug-ins known as Group Policy snap-in extensions. Configuration settings in the GPO are manipulated by a network administrator using graphical extensions that are integrated into the single GPOE application. Applying Group Policy Policy settings are applied by client-side extensions (CSEs). Processing of GPO settings by CSEs is periodically initiated by the winlogon operating system process. Settings are organized into user and computer configurations. Winlogon initiates processing of user settings during user logon, and computer settings during computer boot. This is known as foreground processing. Additionally, both user and computer configuration are initiated periodically, which is known as background processing. By default, background processing occurs every 90 minutes (with a random offset of 0 to 30 minutes), or every 5 minutes on domain controllers, although the parameters are subject to change by a Group Policy administrator. Some extensions support only user or computer configuration, and some support only foreground processing. 52 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

53 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Group Policy Reporting CSEs are extensions to client computer policy processing capability and generally correspond to a snap-in extension counterpart. CSEs implement the settings that exist in one or more GPOs. Winlogon calculates which GPOs are to be applied based on various criteria and launches each CSE as necessary. Winlogon provides the CSE with the path to each GPO (GPT and GPC), and the CSE processes the GPO settings accordingly. The architecture for Group Policy reporting is called Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP). RSoP consists of two distinct modes planning and logging. Logging mode is Group Policy s reporting system. RSoP reports use data generated by CSEs that implement the RSoP reporting interface on Windows XP and later computers. The RSoP MMC snap-in is the primary tool for viewing Group Policy results. Like the GPOE, the RSoP snap-in integrates various plug-ins known as RSoP snapin extensions. Each extension reports on the configuration results from the last execution of its corresponding CSE for a particular computer or user. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 53 Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

54 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Creating and Editing a GPO You can create and edit a Group Policy Object (GPO) using only the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) or using GPOVault by DesktopStandard in conjunction with the GPMC. In either case, you then use the Group Policy Object Editor (GPOE) to edit the GPO, adding and configuring policy items with PolicyMaker Application Security. Creating and Editing a GPO using GPMC Only To create and edit a Group Policy Object (GPO): 1. Click Start Control Panel Administrative Tools Group Policy Management to open the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). Tip: If GPMC is not installed If you have not installed the GPMC (a free tool available at you can open the Group Policy Object Editor from Active Directory Users and Computers or from a custom Microsoft Management Console. 2. Click Forest Domains [MyDomain], then right-click Group Policy Objects and click New to create a new GPO. Enter a name for the GPO and click OK. (To modify the configuration of an existing GPO, right-click a GPO and select Edit instead.) 3. Right-click the GPO and click Edit to launch the Group Policy Object Editor so that you can configure settings for the GPO. (For software installation, you must select a GPO other than the Local Policy GPO.) Create a new GPO Open the GPO Editor and edit the GPO 54 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

55 BeyondTrust Corporation User Guide Creating and Editing a GPO using GPMC with GPOVault Tip: Using GPOVault GPOVault is a comprehensive change management tool for GPOs. It provides features such as offline editing, version control, role-based delegation, checkin/check-out capability, difference reporting, and GPO templates. GPOVault and the GPOVault User Guide are available for download free from the DesktopStandard website at Creating a New Controlled GPO When using GPOVault, you create GPOs controlled by GPOVault. To make changes to a GPO offline without immediately impacting the deployed version of the GPO, you check out a copy of the GPO from the vault. Once changes are complete, you check the GPO back into the vault and deploy or request deployment of the GPO to the production environment. For detailed instructions on using GPOVault, see the GPOVault User Guide. To create a new GPO with managed through GPOVault: 1. In the Group Policy Management Console, click Forest Domains [MyDomain] Change Control. 2. Right-click the Change Control node, then click New Controlled GPO. 3. Unless you have permission to create GPOs, you must submit a request for creation. In the New Controlled GPO dialog box: a. To receive a copy of the request, enter your address in the Cc field. b. Enter a name for the new GPO. c. Optional: Enter a comment for the new GPO. d. To deploy the new GPO to the production environment immediately upon approval, click Create live. To create the new GPO offline without immediately deploying it upon approval, click Create offline. e. Select the GPO template to use as a starting point for the new GPO. f. Click Submit. 4. A window displaying GPOVault Progress appears. When the overall progress is complete, click Close. The new GPO is displayed in the list of GPOs on the Pending tab. Upon approval, it is moved to the Controlled tab. PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide 55 Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

56 User Guide BeyondTrust Corporation Checking out a GPO To check a GPO out from the vault for editing: 1. In the Group Policy Management Console, click Forest Domains [MyDomain] Change Control. 2. On the Contents tab in the details pane, click the Controlled tab to display the controlled GPOs. 3. Right-click the GPO to be edited, then click Check Out. 4. Enter a comment to be displayed in the History of the GPO while it is checked out, then click OK. 5. A window displaying GPOVault Progress appears. When the overall progress is complete, click Close. On the Controlled tab, the state of the GPO is now identified as Checked Out. Editing a GPO Offline To make changes to a controlled GPO, you must first check out the GPO. To edit a GPO offline: 1. On the Controlled tab, right-click the GPO to be edited, then click Edit. 2. A Group Policy Object Editor window opens to enable you to configure settings in an offline copy of the GPO. Tip: After configuration is complete After you have completed configuration of settings in the GPO, you must check in and deploy the GPO. For instructions, see the GPOVault User Guide. 56 PolicyMaker Application Security 2.5 User Guide Appendix 1: Getting Started with Group Policy

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