CHAPTER 03: MULTIMEDIA & OPERATING SYSTEM. :: Operating System :: ~ What is OS?~ ~ OS Functions~ ~ OS Characteristics ~ ~ Type of OS~

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 03: MULTIMEDIA & OPERATING SYSTEM :: Operating System :: ~ What is OS?~ ~ OS Functions~ ~ OS Characteristics ~ ~ Type of OS~ 1

2 Operating System and Software Computer Operating System An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. 2

3 Operating System and Software OS is installed and resides on the computer s hard disk. For handheld computers and mobile devices, OS resides on a ROM chip. OS is sometimes called platform. A cross-platform program can run on different OS. 3

4 OS Functions OS provides functions such as: Starts a computer User Interface Manages programs and memory Jobs scheduling Configure hardware and devices. Establish an internet connection Monitor performance File management utilities Control a network Administer security 4

5 Operating System and Software O/S characteristics: Multi-user: Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Multi-processing: Supports running a program on more than one CPU. Multi-tasking: Allows more than one program to run concurrently. Multi-threading: Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently. Real-time: Responds to input instantly. 5

6 Type of OS In the past, most OS were device dependent and proprietary. Device dependent OS can only run on a specific type or make of computer. Proprietary OS is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model. Nowadays, OS is device-independent. OS can run on computers provided by a variety of manufacturers. Advantages of device-independent: existing application software and data files can be retained if computer models or vendors are changed. 6

7 Category Operating System Stand-alone Network Embedded DOS Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows XP, Windows Vista Mac OS X UNIX Linux Netware Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003 UNIX Linux Solaris Windows CE Windows Mobile Palm OS Embedded Linux Symbian OS 7

8 Stand-Alone OS A complete OS that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device. Some stand-alone OS are called client operating systems because they also work in conjunction with a network operating system. Examples of stand-alone OS: 1. DOS - Disk Operating System - Developed in early 1980s by Microsoft for personal computers. - 2 widely used versions PC-DOS and MS-DOS. - Uses command-line and menu-driven user interfaces. - Hardly is used today it does not offer a Graphical User Interface (GUI) and cannot take full advantage of modern 32-bit personal computer processors. 8

9 Disk Operating System (DOS) Disk Operating System

10 2. Windows XP - Released in Simple and clean Graphical User Interface (GUI). - It is a fast, reliable Windows OS> - Provide quick startup, better performance, increased security, and simple visual look. - Various editions: - Windows XP Tablet PC Edition for Tablet PC. - Windows XP Media Center Edition for PCs used for home entertainment. - Windows XP Professional x64 Edition for workstations that use 64-bit processors. 10

11 Graphical User Interface (GUI) - Windows Graphical User Interface

12 3. Mac OS X Latest version OS released by Apple. It is a multitasking OS available only for computers manufactured by Apple. Features offered by Mac OS X: New desktop search technology Dashboard, a desktop area for miniapplications. Built-in, fast web browser Safari. 3-D personal video and audio conferencing Latest version of QuickTime to listen to music and view videos on the Internet. 12

13 4. UNIX - It is a multitasking OS developed in the early 1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories. - Several versions of UNIX exist, each slightly different. - Some versions have a command-line interface, but most versions of UNIX offer a GUI. - Power user often work with UNIX because of its flexibility and power. 5. Linux - One of the faster growing OS. - Popular, multitasking UNIX-type OS. - In addition to the basic OS, Linux provides many free programming languages and utility programs. - Linux is an open source software its codes is provided for use, modification, and redistribution. - Many programmers have donated time to modify and redistribute Linux to make it the best possible version of UNIX. 13

14 Unix GUI 14

15 Unix command-line interface 15

16 Linux 16

17 Network OS A network OS is an OS that is designed specifically to support a network. It is always reside on a server. The client computers on the network rely on the serves for resources. Example of Network OS: 1. Netware - It is designed for client/server networks. - Netware has a server portion that resides on the network server, and a client portion that resides on each client computer connected to the network. - Supports open source software and runs on all types of computers. - The server portions allows users to share hardware devices attached to the server, , databases and any other files and software on the server. - The client portion communicates with the server. 17

18 2. Windows Server It is an upgrade to Windows 2000 Server. - It offers following features: - Web site management and hosting - Delivery and management of multimedia across intranets and the Internet - Document storage in web folders - Central information repository about network users and resources with Active Directory - Client support using Windows XP and earlier versions of Windows, Mac OS X, UNIX, and Linux. 18

19 3. UNIX - UNIX can be both Stand-alone and Network OS. - It is capable of handling a high volume of transactions in a multi user environment and working with multiple processors using multiprocessing. - For this reason, UNIX is called a multipurpose OS. 4. Linux - Linux is also a multipurpose OS. - With Linux, a network administrator can configure the network, administer security, run a Web server, and process Solaris - A version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems. - Designed specifically for e-commerce applications. - It manages high-traffic accounts and incorporates security necessary for Web transactions. 19

20 Embedded OS Can be found in most PDAs and mobile devices. Embedded OS resides on a ROM chip. Example of embedded OS: 1. Windows CE - it is a scaled-down Windows OS designed for use on communications, entertainment, and computing devices with limited functionality. - It has a GUI that supports color, sound, multitasking, multimedia, , Internet access, and Web browsing. - A built-in file viewer allows users to view files created in popular application such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. - Devices equipped with Windows CE can communicate wirelessly with computers and other devices using Bluetooth or other wireless technologies. 20

21 - Devices which use Windows CE: Voice over IP (VOIP) devices, industrial control devices, security robots, navigation systems, media players, ticket machines, and computerized sewing machines. 2. Windows Mobile - It is an OS based on Windows CE. - Includes functionality, applications, and a user interface designed for specific types of devices. - Devices which use Windows Mobile: PDAs and smart phones. - Provides Personal Information Manager (PIM) function such as contact lists, schedules, tasks, calendars, and notes. - It has a Windows XP look, and also provides numerous additional features that allow users to check , browse the Web, listen to music, take pictures or record video, watch video, send and received instant messages, and etc. - Applications such as Word, Excel, Outlook, and Internet Explorer have scaled-down versions that run with windows Mobile. - Also support handwriting and voice input. 21

22 3. Palm OS - A competing OS to Windows Mobile. - Runs on PDAs and smart phones. - With Palm OS, users manage schedules and contacts, telephone messages, project notes, reminders, task and address lists, etc. - Users also can exchange information with other users wirelessly through IrDA technology. - It includes handwriting recognition software, called Graffiti. - Allows users to connect wirelessly to the Internet, browse the web, send and receive s, etc. - The latest version of Palm OS includes improved security for data transmission, allows for biometric identification, and supports the use of smart cards. 22

23 4. Embedded Linux - It is a scaled-down Linux OS designed for PDAs, smart phones, smart watches, set-top boxes, Internet telephones, etc. - It offers calendar and address book and other PIM functions, touch screens, and handwriting recognition. - Allows you to connect to the Internet, take pictures, play videos, etc. 5. Symbian OS - It is an open source multitasking OS designed for smart phones. - In addition to making telephone calls, users can maintain contact lists, save appointments, browse the Web, and send and receive text and picture messages, etc. - It allows users to communicate wirelessly using a variety of technologies including Bluetooth and IrDA. 23