Classifier Inspired Scaling for Training Set Selection

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1 Classifier Inspired Scaling for Training Set Selection Walter Bennette DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release: distribution unlimited: 16 May Case #88ABW

2 Outline Instance-based classification Training set selection - ENN - DROP3 - CHC Scaling approaches - Stratified - Classifier inspired Experimental results 2/46

3 Instance-based classification

4 Instance-based classification 4/46

5 Instance-based classification 5/46

6 Instance-based classification 6/46

7 Instance-based classification 7/46

8 Instance-based classification 8/46

9 Instance-based classification 9/46

10 Instance-based classification 10/46

11 Instance-based classification 11/46

12 Instance-based classification 12/46

13 Instance-based classification 13/46

14 Instance-based classification What are they used for? Classification of gene expression Content-based image retrieval Text categorization Load forecasting assistant for power company 14/46

15 Instance-based classification What if there is a large amount of data? 15/46

16 Instance-based classification What if there is a huge amount of data? 16/46

17 Instance-based classification What if there is a serious amount of data? 17/46

18 Training set selection (TSS)

19 Training set selection (TSS) Instead of maintaining all of the training data Keep only certain necessary data points 19/46

20 Edited Nearest Neighbors (ENN) Formulation: An instance is removed from the training data if its does not agree with the majority of it k nearest neighbors Effect: Makes decision boundaries smoother Doesn't remove much data 20/46

21 Edited Neares Neighbors (ENN) 21/46

22 DROP3 Formulation: DROP3(TrainingsetTR):SelectionsetS. LetS=TRafterapplyingENN. ForeachinstanceXiinS: Findthek+1nearestneighborsofXiinS. AddXitoeachofitslistsofassociates. ForeachinstanceXiinS: Letwith=#ofassociatesofXiclassified correctlywithxiasaneighbor. Letwithout=#ofassociatesofXiclassified correctlywithoutxi. Ifwithout with RemoveXifromS. ForeachassociateaofXiRemoveXifroma slistofneighbors. Findanewnearestneighborfora. Addatoitsnewlistofassociates. Endif Return S. 22/46

23 DROP3 Formulation: Iterative procedure that compares accuracy of neighbors with and without members Effect: Removes much more data than ENN Maintains acceptable accuracy 23/46

24 DROP3 24/46

25 Genetic algorithm (CHC) Formulation: A chromosome is a subset of the training data A binary gene represents each instance Fitness = α Accuracy + (1 α) Reduction Effectiveness: Removes a large amount of data Achieves acceptable accuracy 25/46

26 Genetic algorithm (CHC) 26/46

27 Scaling

28 Scaling As datasets grow, TSS becomes more and more expensive May be prohibitive The vast majority of scaling approaches rely on a stratified approach 28/46

29 No scaling 29/46

30 Stratified scaling 30/46

31 Representative Data Detection (ReDD) Lin et al Used for support vector machines and did not consider data reduction 31/46

32 Our approach

33 Classifier inspired approach Based heavily on ReDD Used for knn and monitor data reduction 33/46

34 The filter The "Balance"" dataset Determine scale positions - Balanced - Leaning right - Leaning left Attributes - Left weight - Left distance - Right weight - Right distance 34/46

35 The filter 35/46

36 The filter 36/46

37 The filter 37/46

38 Experimentation Parameters: Learn a Random Forest for the filter Split data into 1/3rd, 2/3rd Design: Perform for ENN, CHC, and DROP3 with 3-NN Compare no scaling, stratified, and classifier inspired Calculate reduction, accuracy, and computation time with 10-fold CV 38/46

39 Datasets 10 experimental datasets from KEEL 39/46

40 Reduction 40/46

41 Accuracy 41/46

42 Time 42/46

43 Results Maintains accuracy (mostly) Maintains data reduction Slower than stratified approach, but may improve for larger datasets 43/46

44 Future work Perform for many more datasets Apply to very large datasets Investigate if damage can be spotted apriori 44/46

45 Conclusion Promising candidate for scaling Training Set Selection to large datasets 45/46

46 Questions Walter Bennette /46

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