3. ALGORITHM T for z 0. 4 Exponential noise is described by the probability density function as
|
|
- Nickolas Farmer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS) Volume, Issue 4, November December 0 ISSN Effect of Rayleigh and Exponential noises on Sierpinski triangle with their diversified effects Vidushi Sukhwal and Richa Gupta Amity University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sector - 5, Noida, Uttar Pradesh Amity University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sector - 5, Noida, Uttar Pradesh Abstract: This paper works upon some noises like Rayleigh and exponential which are induced on Sierpinski triangle and subsequently their effects have been examined and brought into picture. In current scenario Fractals like Sierpinski triangle, Sierpinski carpet and Mandelbrot map [] have enormous application in astrophysics, computer graphics, Networking and Image processing and mathematical modeling etc. All these diverse fields face common problem of occurrence of noise in generated fractal patterns. Hence effect of noise on patterns needs consideration. Keywords: Fractal, Noise, Sierpinski Triangle, IFS. INTRODUCTION Sierpinski triangle also called the Sierpinski gasket or Sierpinski Sieve is basically a fractal with four equal triangles inscribed in it. This is one of the basic examples of self-similar sets, i.e. mathematically generated pattern that can be reproducible at any magnification or reduction. The Sierpinski triangle has Hausdorff dimension log(3)/log() =.585 approx. Some applications where this fractal is quite evident are in astronomy where there are self similar galaxy structures, in weather forecasting where the fractal geometry helps us in visually analyzing the weather model, in analyzing the seismic patterns etc. However, these fractals can be corrupted by certain noises which degrade their quality to quite an extent. One of the noises is the Rayleigh noise which is introduced as a consequence of wind velocity that seamlessly penetrates into an image during its generation or propagation. Similarly, the penetration of another type of noise named Exponential noise allows for the interdependence between additional waiting time and elapsed waiting time[8]. Such noises corrupt the image which can be visually identified by the means of their looks. The image which forms the seed for the Sierpinski triangle, gets faded when noise is introduced. Correspondingly with every level of iteration, the subjected image keeps on degrading. Hence its quality is reduced []. This study of variances is accomplished with the help of histogram plotting, which form the basis of representation of results in this paper. Volume, Issue 4 November - December 0. PRELIMINARIES Due to the magnificent usage of fractals in some major application like image compression and in the creation of realistic landscapes, we have assented to consider it our fundamental model of research. They can be broadly categorized into myriad kinds like IFS fractals, Mandelbrot Sets, Fractal Canopies, Nonstandard fractals etc[]. The approach for the creation of fractals utilized in this paper is IFS (Iterated Function Systems). IFS fractals are generated by starting with a figure and by imposing several geometric transforms smaller figures are created. With the repetition of this method a fractal is given as an end product[3]. IFS consist of a collection of contractive affine transformations. n W (*) wi (*) () i For an input set S, we can compute wi for each i, and then take the union of these sets in order to get the new W(S). Sierpinski gasket is an IFS fractal which is formed by the self replicating triangles, contracting towards a fixed image. Figure : Sierpinski Triangle It is a product of three main transformations, which are represented by the matrices that follows T () Page 0
2 T T (4) 0 0 In T, a scaling of s = 0.5 has been done, which places the triangle in the lower left part. T is scaled by s = 0.5, followed by a translation of 0.5, moving it in the x direction. T 3, in the similar fashion is scaled by s = 0.5 and translated by 0.5 in the y direction[5]. At each level of iteration, the fractals come across number of noises which degrade its quality to quite an extent. Noise may be present in an image due to diverse reasons and quality of the resultant image depends on the type of noise subjected to the image[]. Influence of different noises is quite diverse on same image taken. For example, a biomedical image corrupted due to noise cannot be used for diagnosis of diseases. A satellite image which is damaged by noise fails to represent the remote sensed data of, say, a geographic terrain[8]. Here, Rayleigh and exponential noises have been taken to demonstrate this part of examination. Rayleigh noise is described to be the random process with the Rayleigh distribution of probability density function as[7] ( za) / b b ( z a) e for z a p( z) (5) 0 for z a The mean is given by a b / 4 and the b(4 ) variance is given by 4 Exponential noise is described by the probability density function as az ae for z 0 p( z) (6) 0 for z 0 The mean is given by and the variance is given a by. a The ramifications of these noises can be efficiently scrutinized with the means of histograms. Histograms are graphical representations which are used to give a visual impression of the entire data under inspection. Histograms are used in such a manner where an image is analyzed on the basis of its distribution of pixels in the entire range of gray scale. Results have been incorporated here with the use of these histograms. (3) 3. ALGORITHM 3.. Implementation of Sierpinski Triangle [6] Sierpinski triangle can be created by a number of different approaches. The first step in the geometric construction of the Sierpinski Triangle involves splitting up of a triangle into three transformed triangles. When we look at the resultant Sierpinski Triangle, we can zoom it into any of three sub-triangles, and it will look exactly like the entire Sierpinski triangle itself. Figure : The standard process for Sierpinski Triangle The approach used to implement Sierpinski sieve in this paper recalls the transformation equations (), (3), (4) in one of the above paragraph[3]. Step : The process starts by taking up an image and analyzing its size. Step : Affine transformations firstly scaling and then followed by translation are implemented on it. Scaling reduces the input image to exactly half of its size by taking s = 0.5. Translation eventually moves the scaled image at its exact location in order to produce an image which somewhat looks like a triangle made up of three images. Step 3: Iterate steps and step until a contractive image is produced approaching towards a fixed point called attractor of a Sierpinski gasket [7]. The algorithm employs Mann iteration which is defined by f ( xn ) f ( xn) (9) The outcome of this algorithm is observed to resemble that of a photocopying machine. Figure 3: First three photocopies of an image generated 3.. Induction of noise While these images are generated, noise is subsequently been introduced at every level of iteration. Rayleigh and exponential noises have been applied on the images on the basis of the equations presented in the paper. In this way, the actual degradation of the image is uniquely identified and studied. When corrupted images propagate, they continue to downgrade their quality to such an extent that it is impossible to retain their actual worth for further usage[] Analysis using histograms Volume, Issue 4 November - December 0 Page
3 These corrupted images are well demonstrated with the help of histograms that assist us in studying the variance in the original and the new images. The number of pixels for each grey scale level is examined and thus a proper comparison is done. 4. RESULTS Initial image (seed) is captured from standard camera. To obtain the faster results we have taken grey scale image. But algorithm is applicable to any colored image as well. The influence of noise on the Sierpinski triangle is shown for the following parameters 4.. Rayleigh noise[4] When a = 0, b = and z = random value, the following results are generated [9]. This noise is introduced consecutively during the fractal generation which as a result deteriorates the image to a large amount. Figure 6: First iteration with Rayleigh noise Figure 4: Original Image or seed without any noise Figure 7: Histogram for image for first iteration Figure 5: Histogram of the Original Image Figure 8: Second iteration with Rayleigh noise Volume, Issue 4 November - December 0 Page
4 Figure 9: Histogram for image for second iteration Figure : First iteration with Exponential noise Figure 0: Third iteration with Rayleigh noise Figure 3: Histogram for image for first iteration including Exponential noise Figure : Histogram for image for third iteration 4.. Exponential Noise[4] When a = and z = random value, the following results are produced[9]. Figure 4: Third iteration with Exponential noise Volume, Issue 4 November - December 0 Page 3
5 Figure 5: Histogram for image for third iteration including Exponential noise 4.3. Analysis of Results The effect of noise is evident from the histograms plot by us. From figure 5 and figure 7, we can clearly figure out that the number of pixels in the marked areas for a particular grey scale is very different. We see that the number of pixels in the original image is much more at the marked levels, while in the image with noise, the pixels at that same grey scale shows no pixels. Similarly, such variances can be clearly seen while comparing figure 5 and figure, figure 5 and figure 3, and figure 5 and figure 5. All these comparisons clearly conclude that noise deteriorates the image quality. 5. CONCLUSION Sierpinski triangle is a fractal which is widely used in many practical applications like weather forecasting, image compression, Seismology etc [5]. When these fractals are corrupted with noises like Rayleigh and Exponential, their effects on the functioning of these applications turns out to be very appalling. Along with these noises, there are some more kinds of noises like Gaussian, speckle, Erlang etc[9]. All of these shows different types of degradations which are yet to be analyzed. [6] Zuoling Zhou, Li Feng, A new estimate of the Hausdorff measure of the Sierpinski gasket, Nonlinearity, 3(000), [7] Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital image processing. [8] Kazutoshi Gohara and Arata Okuyama, Fractal Transition: Hierarchical Structure And Noise Effect, Fractals 07, 33 (999). DOI: 0.4/S08348X [9] Demitre Serletis, Effect of noise on fractal structure, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Volume 38, Issue 4, November 008, Pages 9 94 AUTHOR Vidushi Sukhwal (corresponding author) received the B.Tech degree in Computer Science and Technology from Amity University in 0. Her research interests have been Digital Image Processing, Computer Architecture and Computer Graphics. Richa Gupta is a Professor at Amity University in the Department of Computer Science. She is a research scholar in Mahamaya Technical University. Her research area is Digital Image Processing. References [] Argyris J, Andreadis I, Karakasidis TE. On perturbation of the Mandelbrot map. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 000; :3-6. [] Argyris J, Andreadis I. On the influence of noise on the coexistence of chaotic attractors. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 000;(6):94-6. MR (000i: 37037). [3] John E. Hutchinson, Fractals and Self Similarity. Indiana University Mathematics Journal, Vol. 35, No [4] M.S. Alani, Digital Image Processing using Matlab, University Bookshop, Sharqa, URA, 008 [5] K. Falconer, Fractal Geometry: Mathematical foundations and applications, seconded, Wiley, 003 Volume, Issue 4 November - December 0 Page 4
Fractal Image Compression
Ball State University January 24, 2018 We discuss the works of Hutchinson, Vrscay, Kominek, Barnsley, Jacquin. Mandelbrot s Thesis 1977 Traditional geometry with its straight lines and smooth surfaces
More informationIterated Functions Systems and Fractal Coding
Qing Jun He 90121047 Math 308 Essay Iterated Functions Systems and Fractal Coding 1. Introduction Fractal coding techniques are based on the theory of Iterated Function Systems (IFS) founded by Hutchinson
More informationA Combined Encryption Compression Scheme Using Chaotic Maps
BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES Volume 13, No 2 Sofia 2013 Print ISSN: 1311-9702; Online ISSN: 1314-4081 DOI: 10.2478/cait-2013-0016 A Combined Encryption Compression
More informationGeneration of 3D Fractal Images for Mandelbrot and Julia Sets
178 Generation of 3D Fractal Images for Mandelbrot and Julia Sets Bulusu Rama #, Jibitesh Mishra * # Department of Computer Science and Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India 1 rama_bulusu@yahoo.com
More informationARi. Amalgamated Research Inc. What are fractals?
ARi www.arifractal.com What are fractals? Amalgamated Research Inc. A key characteristic of fractals is self-similarity. This means that similar structure is observed at many scales. Figure 1 illustrates
More informationFractals and the Chaos Game
Math: Outside the box! Fractals and the Chaos Game Monday February 23, 2009 3:30-4:20 IRMACS theatre, ASB 10900 Randall Pyke Senior Lecturer Department of Mathematics, SFU A Game. Is this a random walk?
More informationA New Approach to Fractal Image Compression Using DBSCAN
International Journal of Electrical Energy, Vol. 2, No. 1, March 2014 A New Approach to Fractal Image Compression Using DBSCAN Jaseela C C and Ajay James Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Govt.
More informationHei nz-ottopeitgen. Hartmut Jürgens Dietmar Sau pe. Chaos and Fractals. New Frontiers of Science
Hei nz-ottopeitgen Hartmut Jürgens Dietmar Sau pe Chaos and Fractals New Frontiers of Science Preface Authors VU X I Foreword 1 Mitchell J. Feigenbaum Introduction: Causality Principle, Deterministic
More informationIMAGE COMPRESSION USING HYBRID TRANSFORM TECHNIQUE
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2013 Journal of Global Research in Computer Science RESEARCH PAPER Available Online at www.jgrcs.info IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HYBRID TRANSFORM TECHNIQUE Nikita Bansal *1, Sanjay
More informationTHE GRAPH OF FRACTAL DIMENSIONS OF JULIA SETS Bünyamin Demir 1, Yunus Özdemir2, Mustafa Saltan 3. Anadolu University Eskişehir, TURKEY
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 70 No. 3 2011, 401-409 THE GRAPH OF FRACTAL DIMENSIONS OF JULIA SETS Bünyamin Demir 1, Yunus Özdemir2, Mustafa Saltan 3 1,2,3 Department of
More informationLecture 3: Some Strange Properties of Fractal Curves
Lecture 3: Some Strange Properties of Fractal Curves I have been a stranger in a strange land. Exodus 2:22 1. Fractal Strangeness Fractals have a look and feel that is very different from ordinary curves.
More informationDiscrete Dynamical Systems: A Pathway for Students to Become Enchanted with Mathematics
Discrete Dynamical Systems: A Pathway for Students to Become Enchanted with Mathematics Robert L. Devaney, Professor Department of Mathematics Boston University Boston, MA 02215 USA bob@bu.edu Abstract.
More informationFractal Coding. CS 6723 Image Processing Fall 2013
Fractal Coding CS 6723 Image Processing Fall 2013 Fractals and Image Processing The word Fractal less than 30 years by one of the history s most creative mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot Other contributors:
More informationImage restoration. Restoration: Enhancement:
Image restoration Most images obtained by optical, electronic, or electro-optic means is likely to be degraded. The degradation can be due to camera misfocus, relative motion between camera and object,
More informationStacked Fractal Antenna Having Multiband With High Bandwidth
Conference on Advances in Communication and Control Systems 2013 (CAC2S 2013) Stacked Fractal Antenna Having Multiband With High Bandwidth Nikhil Kumar Gupta 1 Sahil Bhasin 2 Varun Pahuja 3 Abstract This
More information(i =0..N-1) : with S = {W 0. }. See {1][2][3][4][5]. For the case where the contraction maps are affine transformations, as per W x ,W 3 ,W 2 ,W 5
Harvey A. Cohen, Map Colour Rendering of IFS Fractals, Proceedings, Australian Pattern Recognition Society orkshop on Colour Imaging and Applications, Canberra 5-7 December, 1994, pp 43-48. This is the
More informationTHE DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL CURVES WITH A FRACTAL GEOMETRIC VIEW
225 THE DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL CURVES WITH A FRACTAL GEOMETRIC VIEW S. Mohanty 1 and A. Misra 2 1 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751004, INDIA. 2 Silicon Institute
More informationFractals: Self-Similarity and Fractal Dimension Math 198, Spring 2013
Fractals: Self-Similarity and Fractal Dimension Math 198, Spring 2013 Background Fractal geometry is one of the most important developments in mathematics in the second half of the 20th century. Fractals
More informationITERATIVE OPERATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION CIRCULAR AND SQUARE FRACTAL CARPETS
ITERATIVE OPERATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION CIRCULAR AND SQUARE FRACTAL CARPETS Dr. Yusra Faisal Al-Irhaim, Marah Mohamed Taha University of Mosul, Iraq ABSTRACT: Carpet designing is not only a fascinating activity
More informationResearch Article International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ISSN: X (Volume-7, Issue-6)
International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ISS: 2277-128X (Volume-7, Issue-6) Research Article June 2017 Image Encryption Based on 2D Baker Map and 1D Logistic
More informationFractals in Nature and Mathematics: From Simplicity to Complexity
Fractals in Nature and Mathematics: From Simplicity to Complexity Dr. R. L. Herman, UNCW Mathematics & Physics Fractals in Nature and Mathematics R. L. Herman OLLI STEM Society, Oct 13, 2017 1/41 Outline
More informationFractals: a way to represent natural objects
Fractals: a way to represent natural objects In spatial information systems there are two kinds of entity to model: natural earth features like terrain and coastlines; human-made objects like buildings
More informationInternational Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational and Applied Sciences (IJETCAS)
International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR) (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research) International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development
Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.72 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 4, Issue 11, November -2017 e-issn (O): 2348-4470 p-issn (P): 2348-6406 Comparative
More informationANIMATING CYCLING EVENT SIMULATION BY IFS FRACTAL MODEL. Based on Cloning and Scaling Techniques
ANIMATING CYCLING EVENT SIMULATION BY IFS FRACTAL MODEL Based on Cloning and Scaling Techniques Tedjo Darmanto Informatics Department STMIK AMIK Bandung Jl. Jakarta 28 Bandung, Indonesia, phone: 022-727-1136
More informationUttarkhand Technical University, J.B.Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, INDIA Dehradun, INDIA Dehradun, INDIA
Volume 3, Issue 12, December 2013 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com Analysis of
More information5.7. Fractal compression Overview
5.7. Fractal compression Overview 1. Introduction 2. Principles 3. Encoding 4. Decoding 5. Example 6. Evaluation 7. Comparison 8. Literature References 1 Introduction (1) - General Use of self-similarities
More informationADVANCED IMAGE PROCESSING METHODS FOR ULTRASONIC NDE RESEARCH C. H. Chen, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, N.
ADVANCED IMAGE PROCESSING METHODS FOR ULTRASONIC NDE RESEARCH C. H. Chen, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, N. Dartmouth, MA USA Abstract: The significant progress in ultrasonic NDE systems has now
More informationRAMSEY NUMBERS IN SIERPINSKI TRIANGLE. Vels University, Pallavaram Chennai , Tamil Nadu, INDIA
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 6 No. 4 207, 967-975 ISSN: 3-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 34-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu doi: 0.2732/ijpam.v6i4.3 PAijpam.eu
More informationGlobal Thresholding Techniques to Classify Dead Cells in Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonant Images
Global Thresholding Techniques to Classify Dead Cells in Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonant Images Ravi S 1, A. M. Khan 2 1 Research Student, Department of Electronics, Mangalore University, Karnataka
More informationFractal Art based on The Butterfly Effect of Chaos Theory
Fractal Art based on The Butterfly Effect of Chaos Theory Yin-Wei Chang and Fay Huang Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Ilan University, Taiwan Abstract. This paper proposes
More informationFingerprint Image Enhancement Algorithm and Performance Evaluation
Fingerprint Image Enhancement Algorithm and Performance Evaluation Naja M I, Rajesh R M Tech Student, College of Engineering, Perumon, Perinad, Kerala, India Project Manager, NEST GROUP, Techno Park, TVM,
More informationVideo De-interlacing with Scene Change Detection Based on 3D Wavelet Transform
Video De-interlacing with Scene Change Detection Based on 3D Wavelet Transform M. Nancy Regina 1, S. Caroline 2 PG Scholar, ECE, St. Xavier s Catholic College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India 1 Assistant
More informationFractal Interpolation Representation of A Class of Quadratic Functions
ISSN 1749-3889 (print, 1749-3897 (online International Journal of Nonlinear Science Vol.24(2017 No.3, pp.175-179 Fractal Interpolation Representation of A Class of Quadratic Functions Chengbin Shen, Zhigang
More informationWebsite.
Admin stuff Questionnaire Name Email Math courses taken so far General academic trend (major) General interests What about Chaos interests you the most? What computing experience do you have? Website www.cse.ucsc.edu/classes/ams146/spring05/index.html
More informationVolume 2, Issue 9, September 2014 ISSN
Fingerprint Verification of the Digital Images by Using the Discrete Cosine Transformation, Run length Encoding, Fourier transformation and Correlation. Palvee Sharma 1, Dr. Rajeev Mahajan 2 1M.Tech Student
More informationConstruction of 3D Mandelbrot Set and Julia Set
Construction of 3D Mandelbrot Set and Julia Set Ankit Garg Assistant Professor Amity University, Haryana Manesar, Gurgaon Akshat Agrawal Assistant Professor Amity University, Haryana Manesar, Gurgaon Ashish
More informationExamples of Chaotic Attractors and Their Fractal Dimension
Examples of Chaotic Attractors and Their Fractal Dimension Ulrich A. Hoensch Rocky Mountain College Billings, MT 59102 www.rocky.edu/ hoenschu February 2005 Abstract We present the Sierpinski Triangle
More informationSegmentation of Mushroom and Cap Width Measurement Using Modified K-Means Clustering Algorithm
Segmentation of Mushroom and Cap Width Measurement Using Modified K-Means Clustering Algorithm Eser SERT, Ibrahim Taner OKUMUS Computer Engineering Department, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Kahramanmaras
More informationAn Edge Detection Algorithm for Online Image Analysis
An Edge Detection Algorithm for Online Image Analysis Azzam Sleit, Abdel latif Abu Dalhoum, Ibraheem Al-Dhamari, Afaf Tareef Department of Computer Science, King Abdulla II School for Information Technology
More informationPreliminary Study of 2D Fracture Upscaling of Geothermal Rock Using IFS Fractal Model
Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS Preliminary Study of 2D Fracture Upscaling of Geothermal Rock Using IFS Fractal Model To cite this article: Prana F. L Tobing et al 2016 J. Phys.:
More informationFixed Point Iterative Techniques An Application to Fractals
Fixed Point Iterative Techniques An Application to Fractals Narayan Partap 1 and Prof. Renu Chugh 2 1 Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India 2 Department of Mathematics, M.D.
More informationEffects of multi-scale velocity heterogeneities on wave-equation migration Yong Ma and Paul Sava, Center for Wave Phenomena, Colorado School of Mines
Effects of multi-scale velocity heterogeneities on wave-equation migration Yong Ma and Paul Sava, Center for Wave Phenomena, Colorado School of Mines SUMMARY Velocity models used for wavefield-based seismic
More informationIMAGE COMPRESSION USING HYBRID QUANTIZATION METHOD IN JPEG
IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HYBRID QUANTIZATION METHOD IN JPEG MANGESH JADHAV a, SNEHA GHANEKAR b, JIGAR JAIN c a 13/A Krishi Housing Society, Gokhale Nagar, Pune 411016,Maharashtra, India. (mail2mangeshjadhav@gmail.com)
More informationNew Mandelbrot and Julia Sets for Transcendental Function
New Mandelbrot and Julia Sets for Transcendental Function Suraj Singh Panwar #1, Mr.Pawan Kumar Mishra *2 # M.Tech. - CSE, Scholar, Faculty of Technology, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Uttarakhand
More informationHigh Speed Pipelined Architecture for Adaptive Median Filter
Abstract High Speed Pipelined Architecture for Adaptive Median Filter D.Dhanasekaran, and **Dr.K.Boopathy Bagan *Assistant Professor, SVCE, Pennalur,Sriperumbudur-602105. **Professor, Madras Institute
More informationSymmetric Fractals. Seeking Sangaku Ramanujan, Hardy, and Ono
Symmetric Fractals Seeking Sangaku Ramanujan, Hardy, and Ono Published by the Mathematical Association of America : : November 2016 Figure 1. Clockwise from far left, the Sierpinski triangle, the Koch
More informationAnalyzing Fractals SURFACE. Syracuse University. Kara Mesznik. Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects
Syracuse University SURFACE Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Spring 5-- Analyzing Fractals Kara Mesznik Follow this and additional
More informationImages of some fractals
Fun with Fractals Dr. Bori Mazzag Redwood Empire Mathematics Tournament March 25, 2006 Images of some fractals What are fractals, anyway? Important aspects of fractals: Self-similarity What are fractals,
More informationComplexity is around us. Part one: the chaos game
Complexity is around us. Part one: the chaos game Dawid Lubiszewski Complex phenomena like structures or processes are intriguing scientists around the world. There are many reasons why complexity is a
More informationA Review on Image Segmentation Techniques
A Review on Image Segmentation Techniques Abstract Image segmentation is one of the most essential segment in numerous image processing and computer vision tasks. It is a process which divides a given
More informationTopology Optimization of Multiple Load Case Structures
Topology Optimization of Multiple Load Case Structures Rafael Santos Iwamura Exectuive Aviation Engineering Department EMBRAER S.A. rafael.iwamura@embraer.com.br Alfredo Rocha de Faria Department of Mechanical
More informationProcedia Computer Science
Procedia Computer Science 3 (2011) 859 865 Procedia Computer Science 00 (2010) 000 000 Procedia Computer Science www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia WCIT-2010 A new median
More informationCSC 470 Computer Graphics. Fractals
CSC 47 Computer Graphics Fractals 1 This Week Approaches to Infinity Fractals and Self-Similarity Similarity Iterative Function Systems Lindenmayer Systems Curves Natural Images (trees, landscapes..) Introduction
More informationDiscovery of Agricultural Patterns Using Parallel Hybrid Clustering Paradigm
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719 PP 10-15 www.iosrjen.org Discovery of Agricultural Patterns Using Parallel Hybrid Clustering Paradigm P.Arun, M.Phil, Dr.A.Senthilkumar
More informationImage Compression: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
Image Compression: An Artificial Neural Network Approach Anjana B 1, Mrs Shreeja R 2 1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Calicut University, Kuttippuram 2 Department of Computer Science and
More informationFractal Compression. Related Topic Report. Henry Xiao. Queen s University. Kingston, Ontario, Canada. April 2004
Fractal Compression Related Topic Report By Henry Xiao Queen s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada April 2004 Fractal Introduction Fractal is first introduced in geometry field. The birth of fractal geometry
More informationSession 27: Fractals - Handout
Session 27: Fractals - Handout Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line. Benoit Mandelbrot (1924-2010)
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJECET)
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJECET) International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 ISSN 0976 6464(Print)
More informationFuzzy Inference System based Edge Detection in Images
Fuzzy Inference System based Edge Detection in Images Anjali Datyal 1 and Satnam Singh 2 1 M.Tech Scholar, ECE Department, SSCET, Badhani, Punjab, India 2 AP, ECE Department, SSCET, Badhani, Punjab, India
More informationDynamic Thresholding for Image Analysis
Dynamic Thresholding for Image Analysis Statistical Consulting Report for Edward Chan Clean Energy Research Center University of British Columbia by Libo Lu Department of Statistics University of British
More informationSome geometries to describe nature
Some geometries to describe nature Christiane Rousseau Since ancient times, the development of mathematics has been inspired, at least in part, by the need to provide models in other sciences, and that
More informationAn Adaptive Approach for Image Contrast Enhancement using Local Correlation
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. ISSN 0973-1768 Volume 12, Number 6 (2016), pp. 4893 4899 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/gjpam.htm An Adaptive Approach for Image
More informationFractal Dimension and the Cantor Set
Fractal Dimension and the Cantor Set Shailesh A Shirali Shailesh Shirali is Director of Sahyadri School (KFI), Pune, and also Head of the Community Mathematics Centre in Rishi Valley School (AP). He has
More informationInternational Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research e-issn No.: , Date: 2-4 July, 2015
International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research www.ijmter.com e-issn No.:2349-9745, Date: 2-4 July, 2015 Denoising of Speech using Wavelets Snehal S. Laghate 1, Prof. Sanjivani S. Bhabad
More informationCover Page. Abstract ID Paper Title. Automated extraction of linear features from vehicle-borne laser data
Cover Page Abstract ID 8181 Paper Title Automated extraction of linear features from vehicle-borne laser data Contact Author Email Dinesh Manandhar (author1) dinesh@skl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp Phone +81-3-5452-6417
More informationA TESSELLATION FOR ALGEBRAIC SURFACES IN CP 3
A TESSELLATION FOR ALGEBRAIC SURFACES IN CP 3 ANDREW J. HANSON AND JI-PING SHA In this paper we present a systematic and explicit algorithm for tessellating the algebraic surfaces (real 4-manifolds) F
More informationFRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION OF GRAYSCALE AND RGB IMAGES USING DCT WITH QUADTREE DECOMPOSITION AND HUFFMAN CODING. Moheb R. Girgis and Mohammed M.
322 FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION OF GRAYSCALE AND RGB IMAGES USING DCT WITH QUADTREE DECOMPOSITION AND HUFFMAN CODING Moheb R. Girgis and Mohammed M. Talaat Abstract: Fractal image compression (FIC) is a
More informationEstimation of Fractal Dimension of Digital Images
International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-9, September 2014 Estimation of Fractal Dimension of Digital Images Manoj Kumar Rathore,Mayank Kumar,Surendra
More informationCHAPTER 4 FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION
49 CHAPTER 4 FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION 4.1 INTRODUCTION Fractals were first introduced in the field of geometry. The birth of fractal geometry is traced back to the IBM mathematician B. Mandelbrot and
More informationMorphological Image Processing GUI using MATLAB
Trends Journal of Sciences Research (2015) 2(3):90-94 http://www.tjsr.org Morphological Image Processing GUI using MATLAB INTRODUCTION A digital image is a representation of twodimensional images as a
More informationBiometrics- Fingerprint Recognition
International Journal of Information & Computation Technology. ISSN 0974-2239 Volume 4, Number 11 (2014), pp. 1097-1102 International Research Publications House http://www. irphouse.com Biometrics- Fingerprint
More informationNoise Suppression using Local Parameterized Adaptive Iterative Model in Areas of Interest
International Journal of Computer Science and Telecommunications [Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2013] 55 ISSN 2047-3338 Noise Suppression using Local Parameterized Adaptive Iterative Model in Areas of Interest
More informationReview on Image Segmentation Techniques and its Types
1 Review on Image Segmentation Techniques and its Types Ritu Sharma 1, Rajesh Sharma 2 Research Scholar 1 Assistant Professor 2 CT Group of Institutions, Jalandhar. 1 rits_243@yahoo.in, 2 rajeshsharma1234@gmail.com
More informationCOMPUTER-BASED WORKPIECE DETECTION ON CNC MILLING MACHINE TOOLS USING OPTICAL CAMERA AND NEURAL NETWORKS
Advances in Production Engineering & Management 5 (2010) 1, 59-68 ISSN 1854-6250 Scientific paper COMPUTER-BASED WORKPIECE DETECTION ON CNC MILLING MACHINE TOOLS USING OPTICAL CAMERA AND NEURAL NETWORKS
More informationAutomated image enhancement using power law transformations
Sādhanā Vol. 37, Part 6, December 212, pp. 739 745. c Indian Academy of Sciences Automated image enhancement using power law transformations SPVIMAL 1 and P K THIRUVIKRAMAN 2, 1 Birla Institute of Technology
More informationImage Segmentation Based on. Modified Tsallis Entropy
Contemporary Engineering Sciences, Vol. 7, 2014, no. 11, 523-529 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikari.com http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2014.4439 Image Segmentation Based on Modified Tsallis Entropy V. Vaithiyanathan
More informationIn this lesson, students build fractals and track the growth of fractal measurements using tables and equations. Enduring Understanding
LessonTitle: Fractal Functions Alg 5.8 Utah State Core Standard and Indicators Algebra Standards 2, 4 Process Standards 1-5 Summary In this lesson, students build fractals and track the growth of fractal
More informationSTORING IMAGES WITH FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION
STORING IMAGES WITH FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION TYLER MCMILLEN 1. Introduction and Motivation One of the obvious limitations to the storage of images in a form a computer can read is storage space, memory.
More informationDemonstrating Lorenz Wealth Distribution and Increasing Gini Coefficient with the Iterating (Koch Snowflake) Fractal Attractor.
Demonstrating Lorenz Wealth Distribution and Increasing Gini Coefficient with the Iterating (Koch Snowflake) Fractal Attractor. First published: May 17th, 2015. Updated: December, 13th, 2015. Blair D.
More informationA New Approach for Finding Correlation Dimension Based on Escape Time Algorithm
International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (IJEAS) ISSN: 2394-3661, Volume-3, Issue-9, September 2016 A New Approach for Finding Correlation Dimension Based on Escape Time Algorithm Dr.Arkan
More informationImage Compression Using BPD with De Based Multi- Level Thresholding
International Journal of Innovative Research in Electronics and Communications (IJIREC) Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2014, PP 38-42 ISSN 2349-4042 (Print) & ISSN 2349-4050 (Online) www.arcjournals.org Image
More informationBeautiful Repetitions
Beautiful Repetitions 5-minute introduction to Iterations & Fractals Gaurish Korpal (gaurish4math.wordpress.com) National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar March 28, 2015 Gaurish
More informationFractal Report. Brantley Simmons Jihad Nasser Konstantin Mckenna. July 15, 2016
Fractal Report Professor: Graduate Assistant: Working Group: Yimin Xiao Micheal Delaura Gabriel Raodoccia-Feuerstein Brantley Simmons Jihad Nasser Konstantin Mckenna July 15, 2016 1 1 Background We start
More informationError Resilience: A Distinct Approach for Comparative Analysis of Error Correcting Codes
I J C T A, 9(32), 2016, pp. 73-78 International Science Press ISSN: 0974-5572 Error Resilience: A Distinct Approach for Comparative Analysis of Error Correcting Codes P. Ratna Kamala* and R.V.S. Satyanarayana**
More information1. Introduction. 2. Motivation and Problem Definition. Volume 8 Issue 2, February Susmita Mohapatra
Pattern Recall Analysis of the Hopfield Neural Network with a Genetic Algorithm Susmita Mohapatra Department of Computer Science, Utkal University, India Abstract: This paper is focused on the implementation
More informationStatistical Image Compression using Fast Fourier Coefficients
Statistical Image Compression using Fast Fourier Coefficients M. Kanaka Reddy Research Scholar Dept.of Statistics Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 V. V. Haragopal Professor Dept.of Statistics Osmania
More informationA study on fractality properties of nano particles scanning electron microscopy images
Leonardo Journal of Sciences ISSN 1583-0233 Issue 25, July-December 2014 p. 111-116 A study on fractality properties of nano particles scanning electron microscopy images Shahrbano MALEKI, Shahriar GHAMMAMY
More informationThe Many Lessons in Fractals
The Many Lessons in Fractals Lisa Oberbroeckling loberbro@loyola.edu MAA Mathfest Washington, D.C. L. Oberbroeckling (Loyola U MD) Fractals Mathfest, 05 Aug 2015 1 / 15 Course Programming in Mathematics
More informationA TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED FRACTAL/CHAOS COURSE. Taeil Yi University of Texas at Brownsville 80 Fort Brown Brownsville, TX
A TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED FRACTAL/CHAOS COURSE Taeil Yi University of Texas at Brownsville 80 Fort Brown Brownsville, TX 78520 tyi@utb.edu Abstract Easy construction of fractal figures is the most valuable
More informationCOASTLINES AND FRACTAL GEOMETRY: ESTIMATING LENGTH AND GENERATING ISLANDS. Miranda Bradshaw Dallas Pullen Math 365 Wright 5/8/12
COASTLINES AND FRACTAL GEOMETRY: ESTIMATING LENGTH AND GENERATING ISLANDS Miranda Bradshaw Dallas Pullen Math 365 Wright 5/8/12 Introduction The first connections that were made between coastlines and
More informationSpace Filling: A new algorithm for procedural creation of game assets
Space Filling: A new algorithm for procedural creation of game assets Paul Bourke ivec@uwa, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, West Australia 6009. Email: paul.bourke@uwa.edu.au
More informationInternational Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 2, Issue 8, August ISSN
International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 2, Issue 8, August-2013 244 Image Compression using Singular Value Decomposition Miss Samruddhi Kahu Ms. Reena Rahate Associate Engineer
More informationDoes it Look Square? Hexagonal Bipyramids, Triangular Antiprismoids, and their Fractals
Does it Look Square? Hexagonal Bipyramids, Triangular Antiprismoids, and their Fractals Hideki Tsuiki Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Kyoto 606-8501,
More informationFun with Fractals and Functions. CHAMP at University of Houston March 2, 2015 Houston, Texas
Fun with Fractals and Functions CHAMP at University of Houston March 2, 2015 Houston, Texas Alice Fisher afisher@rice.edu Director of Technology Applications & Integration at Rice University School Mathematics
More informationComparison of CBIR Techniques using DCT and FFT for Feature Vector Generation
Comparison of CBIR Techniques using DCT and FFT for Feature Vector Generation Vibha Bhandari 1, Sandeep B.Patil 2 1 M.E. student at SSCET Bhilai (C.G.) INDIA 2 Associate Professor ETC department, SSCET
More informationAn Investigation of Chaos Theory Using Supercomputing Techniques
An Investigation of Chaos Theory Using Supercomputing Techniques Bryan Ward June 12, 2007 Abstract Chaos theory is the study of dynamic systems in which small differences in the environment, can create
More informationMulti-Factored Experiments
Design and Analysis of Multi-Factored Experiments Advanced Designs -Hard to Change Factors- Split-Plot Design and Analysis L. M. Lye DOE Course 1 Hard-to-Change Factors Assume that a factor can be varied,
More informationELEC Dr Reji Mathew Electrical Engineering UNSW
ELEC 4622 Dr Reji Mathew Electrical Engineering UNSW Review of Motion Modelling and Estimation Introduction to Motion Modelling & Estimation Forward Motion Backward Motion Block Motion Estimation Motion
More informationMathematics Numbers: Percentages. Science and Mathematics Education Research Group
F FA ACULTY C U L T Y OF O F EDUCATION E D U C A T I O N Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy Mathematics Numbers: Percentages Science and Mathematics Education Research Group Supported by UBC Teaching
More information