1. Open a MODFLOW simulation and run MODFLOW. 2. Initialize MT3D and enter the data for several MT3D packages. 3. Run MT3D and read the solution.
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- Nicholas Wood
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1 GMS TUTORIALS This tutorial describes how to perform an MT3DMS simulation within GMS. An MT3DMS model can be constructed in GMS using one of two approaches: the conceptual model approach or the grid approach. With the conceptual model approach, the sources/sinks and zones in the model are defined with GIS objects and automatically assigned to the grid. With the grid approach, values are manually assigned to the grid. While the conceptual model approach is generally preferable for large, complicated models, simple models can be easily constructed using the grid approach. The grid approach is described in this tutorial. 1.1 Outline This is what you will do: 1. Open a MODFLOW simulation and run MODFLOW. 2. Initialize MT3D and enter the data for several MT3D packages. 3. Run MT3D and read the solution. 4. Set up an animation to visualize the solution. 5. Calculate the mass of the contaminant. 1.2 Required Modules/Interfaces You will need the following components enabled to complete this tutorial: Grid MODFLOW Page 1 of 8
2 MT3DMS You can see if these components are enabled by selecting the File Register command. 2 Description of Problem The problem to be solved in this tutorial is shown in Figure 2-1. This problem corresponds to the sixth sample problem ("Two-Dimensional Transport in a Heterogeneous Aquifer") described in the MT3DMS documentation. The problem consists of a low K zone inside a larger zone. The sides of the region are no flow boundaries. The top and bottom are constant head boundaries that cause the flow to move from the top to the bottom of the region. An injection well with a specified concentration provides the source of the contaminants. A pumping well serves to withdraw contaminated water migrating from the injection well. A steady state flow solution will be computed and a transient transport simulation will be performed over a one year period. Constant head boundary (H=250 m) (flow model) No mass flux boundary (transport model) Hyd. Cond. = 1.474x10-7 m/s LOW K ZONE INJECTION WELL Q = m 3 /s C = ppm No flow boundary (flow model) No mass flux boundary (transport model) DY = 2000 m PUMPING WELL Q = m 3 /s Number of rows = 40 Number of columns = 32 Aquifer thickness = 10 m K = 1.474x10-4 m/s Porosity = 0.3 Longitudinal dispersivity = 20 m Dispersivity ratio = 0.2 Simulation time = 1.0 yr DX = 1600 m Constant head boundary (H = m) No flow boundary (flow model) No mass flux boundary (transport model) Figure 2-1 Sample Flow and Transport Problem. 3 Getting Started Let s get started. Page 2 of 8
3 1. If necessary, launch GMS. If GMS is already running, select the File New command to ensure that the program settings are restored to their default state. 4 The Flow Model Before setting up the MT3DMS simulation, we must first have a MODFLOW simulation. The MODFLOW solution will be used as the flow field for the transport simulation. In the interest of time, we will read in a previously created MODFLOW simulation. 1. Select the Open button. 2. Locate and open the directory entitled tutfiles\mt3dgrid\flowmod_modflow. 3. Change the Files of type selection to Model Super Files. 4. Open the file entitled flowmod.mfs. Now we ll save our project under a new name. Since we re changing the name, we will run MODFLOW to compute solution files with the new name. Otherwise, when MT3D runs it will look for solution files with the new name and not find any. 5. Select the File Save As command. 6. Locate and open the directory entitled tutfiles\mt3dgrid 7. Save the project with the name transport.gpr. 8. Select the 3D Grid Data folder from the Project Explorer. 9. From the MODFLOW menu, select the Run MODFLOW command. 10. When it finishes running, select the Close button. 5 Building the Transport Model Now that we have a flow solution, we are ready to set up the MT3DMS transport simulation. Like MODFLOW, MT3DMS is structured in a modular fashion and uses a series of packages as input. Consequently, the GMS interface to MT3DMS is similar to the interface to MODFLOW and we will follow a similar sequence of steps to enter the input data. 5.1 Initializing the Simulation First, we will initialize the MT3DMS simulation. Page 3 of 8
4 1. Select the MT3D New Simulation command. 5.2 The Basic Transport Package The MT3DMS Basic Transport package is always required and it defines basic information such as stress periods, active/inactive regions, and starting concentration values. Species Since MT3DMS is a multi-species model, we need to define the number of species and name each species. We will use one species named tracer." 1. Select the Define Species button. 2. Select the New button. 3. Change the name of the species to tracer. 4. Select the OK button. Packages Next, we will select which packages we wish to use. 1. Select the Packages button. 2. Turn on the following packages: Advection Package Dispersion Package Source/Sink Mixing Package 3. Select the OK button. Stress Periods The next step is to set up the stress periods. The flow simulation was steady state but the transport simulation will be transient. We will run the simulation for a one year time period. To do this we will use a single stress period (since the input values are constant) and allow MT3DMS to determine the appropriate transport step size. 1. Select the Stress Periods button. 2. Change the Length field to Make sure the value in the Trans. step size is 0.0. A value of zero signifies that MT3DMS will automatically compute the appropriate transport step size. Page 4 of 8
5 4. Select the OK button to exit the Stress Periods dialog. Output Control Next, we will specify the output options. 5. Select the Output Control button. 6. Select the Print or save at specified interval option. 7. Change the specified interval to 10. This will output a solution at every tenth transport step. 8. Select the OK button to exit the Output Control dialog. ICBUND Array The ICBUND array is similar to the IBOUND array in MODFLOW. The ICBUND array is used to designate active transport cells (ICBUND>0), inactive transport cells (ICBUND=0), and constant concentration cells (ICBUND<0). For our problem, all of the cells are active, therefore, no changes are necessary. Starting Concentration Array The starting concentration array defines the initial condition for the contaminant concentration. In our problem, the starting concentrations are all zero and the default is adequate. HTOP and Thickness Arrays MT3DMS uses the HTOP array and a thickness array to determine the layer geometry. However, the values for these arrays are determined by GMS automatically from the MODFLOW layer data and no input is necessary. Porosity Array Finally, we will define the porosity for the cells. Our problem has a constant porosity of 0.3. This is the default value in GMS so no changes need to be made. This completes the definition of the Basic Transport package data. 9. Select the OK button to exit the Basic Transport Package dialog. 5.3 The Advection Package The next step is to enter the data for the Advection package. We want to use the Third Order TVD scheme (ULTIMATE) solution scheme. This is the default, so we don t need to do anything. Page 5 of 8
6 5.4 The Dispersion Package Next, we will enter the data for the Dispersion package. 1. Select the MT3D Dispersion Package command. 2. Select the Longitudinal Dispersivity button. 3. Select the Constant Grid option. 4. Enter a value of 20 and click OK. 5. Select the OK button to exit the Longitudinal Dispersivity dialog. 6. Enter a value of 0.2 for the TRPT parameter. 7. Select the OK button to exit the Dispersion Package dialog. 5.5 The Source/Sink Mixing Package Finally, we must define the data for the Source/Sink Mixing package. For our problem, we only have one source/sink: the injection well. To define the source at the injection well, we need to select the well and assign a concentration. 1. Select the cell containing the injection well (the upper well) by clicking anywhere in the interior of the cell. 2. Select the MT3D Point Sources/Sinks command. 3. Toggle on the Well option for Cell Enter a value of for the concentration. 5. Select the OK button. 6. Click outside the grid to unselect the cell. 5.6 Saving the Simulation and Running MT3DMS We are now ready to save the simulation and run MT3DMS. 1. Select the Save button. 2. Select the MT3D Run MT3D command. 3. When the simulation is finished, select the Close button. Page 6 of 8
7 5.7 Changing the Contouring Options When displaying plume data, the color fill option often provides excellent results. 1. Select the Data Contour Options command. 2. Change the Contour method to Color Fill. 3. Select the OK button. 5.8 Setting Up an Animation Now we will observe how the solution changes over the one year simulation by generating an animation. To set up the animation: 1. Select the Display Animate command. 2. Make sure the Data set option is on and click Next. 3. Turn on the Display clock option. 4. Select the Use constant interval option and change the Time interval to This will result in 11 frames. 5. Select the Finish button. You should see some images appear on the screen. animation which are being generated. These are the frames of the 6. After viewing the animation, select the Stop button to stop the animation. 7. Select the Step button to move the animation one frame at a time. 8. You may wish to experiment with some of the other playback controls. When you are finished, close the window and return to GMS. 5.9 Calculating the Mass of the Contaminant Finally, we will calculate the mass of the contaminant in the aquifer at various times during the simulation. 1. Choose the Select Cells tool. 2. Select the cell containing the well in the lower portion of the model. 3. Select the MT3D Calculate Mass command. This dialog allows the user to calculate the mass of a contaminant in the entire model domain or in the selected cells. The Definition section of the dialog explains the formula Page 7 of 8
8 that is used to calculate the mass. Basically, the volume of water in each cell is calculated and then multiplied by the concentration computed by MT3D. The user must supply a conversion factor so that the calculated mass will be computed in the correct units. The Unit conversion factor section shows an example of a conversion factor. The Concentration range section allows the user to specify a range over which the mass will be calculated. This is most useful to ignore negative concentrations that result in MT3D simulations. 4. In the Concentration range section, turn on the Specify range in calculation toggle. 5. Enter 0.0 for the Min and 9.0 for the Max. 6. In the Unit conversion factor section, enter for the Factor so that the resulting mass will be in units of grams. 7. Select the Use only selected cells in calculation option near the bottom of the dialog. 8. Select the Calculate button. Notice that the mass values are shown in the spreadsheet on the right side of the dialog. 9. Now select the Use all cells in calculation option. 10. Select the Calculate button again. You should now see the total mass in the aquifer for each time step of the solution. 11. When you have finished viewing the results select Done to close the dialog 6 Conclusion This concludes the tutorial. Here are the things that you should have learned in this tutorial: MT3D is available only if a MODFLOW model is in memory. MT3D relies on the MODFLOW solution files, so if you move or rename your MODFLOW files, you will probably need to regenerate the MODFLOW solution files so MT3D can find them. GMS gives MT3D the top and bottom elevation data it requires for each layer from the MODFLOW model. You can use the Animation Wizard to create an animation in GMS. You can calculate the mass of a contaminant in the 3D grid using the MT3D Calculate Mass command. Page 8 of 8
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v. 10.3 GMS 10.3 Tutorial SEAWAT Hele-Shaw Experiment Simulate the Hele-Shaw Salt Lake experiment using SEAWAT in GMS Objectives Construct and run a SEAWAT model in GMS using the grid approach. The model
MODFLOW Interpolating Layer Data Interpolating MODFLOW elevations and other data from discrete points
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Groundwater Modeling System
THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Groundwater Modeling System GMS v3.0 TUTORIALS GMS 3.0 Tutorials Copyright 1999 Brigham Young University Environmental Modeling Research Laboratory All Rights Reserved Unauthorized
UTEXAS Underwater Slope
GMS 7.0 TUTORIALS Figure 1. Underwater Slope Excavation Problem. 1 Introduction This tutorial illustrates how to build a UTEXAS model in GMS that uses a slope geometry line. This tutorial is similar to
UTEXAS Embankment on Soft Clay
GMS TUTORIALS Figure 1. Sample slope stability problem from the Utexam1.dat file provided with the UTEXAS4 software. 1 Introduction UTEXAS4 is a slope stability software package created by Dr. Stephen
MODFLOW UZF Package The MODFLOW Unsaturated-Zone Flow (UZF) Package Interface in GMS
v. 10.2 GMS 10.2 Tutorial The MODFLOW Unsaturated-Zone Flow (UZF) Package Interface in GMS Objectives This tutorial explains how to use the MODFLOW Unsaturated-Zone Flow (UZF) package and compares it to
MGO Tutorial - Dewatering Scenario
MGO Tutorial - Dewatering Scenario Introduction Pumping well optimization technology is used to determine the ideal pumping well locations, and ideal pumping rates at these locations, in order to minimize
v MODFLOW NWT Use MODFLOW NWT with a Simple Model GMS Tutorials Time minutes Prerequisite Tutorials MODFLOW Grid Approach
v. 10.2 GMS 10.2 Tutorial Use with a Simple Model Objectives Compare the enhanced ability to handle cell drying and rewetting of to MODFLOW 2000. Prerequisite Tutorials MODFLOW Grid Approach Required Components
MODFLOW LGR Create MODFLOW-LGR models with locally refined grids using GMS
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Tutorial 6. Pumping Well and River
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Objectives Learn how to import and display shapefiles with and without ArcObjects. Learn how to convert the shapefiles to GMS feature objects.
v. 10.0 GMS 10.0 Tutorial Importing, displaying, and converting shapefiles Objectives Learn how to import and display shapefiles with and without ArcObjects. Learn how to convert the shapefiles to GMS
MGO Tutorial - Dewatering Scenario
MGO Tutorial - Dewatering Scenario Introduction 1.0.1 Background Pumping well optimization technology is used to determine the ideal pumping well locations, and ideal pumping rates at these locations,
Stratigraphy Modeling Horizons And Solids
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MODFLOW Advanced PEST: SVD, SVD-Assist, Parallel PEST
GMS 7.0 TUTORIALS MODFLOW Advanced PEST: SVD, SVD-Assist, Parallel PEST 1 Introduction The MODFLOW-Automated Parameter Estimation tutorial describes the basic functionality of PEST provided in GMS. It
Learn the various 3D interpolation methods available in GMS
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SEAWAT Tutorial - Elder Model
SEAWAT Tutorial - Elder Model Introduction Saltwater intrusion is a common occurrence along coastlines throughout the world. Saltwater is denser than freshwater, and consequently will tend to migrate inland
1. Create a SEEP2D conceptual model. 3. Define conditions for both a saturated and unsaturated zone. 4. Convert the model to SEEP2D and run SEEP2D.
GMS TUTORIALS SEEP 2D Unconfined SEEP2D can be used for both confined and unconfined problems. The steps involved in performing a SEEP2D simulation for the unconfined condition are described in this tutorial.
v GMS 10.1 Tutorial UTEXAS Embankment on Soft Clay Introduction to the UTEXAS interface in GMS for a simple embankment analysis
v. 10.1 GMS 10.1 Tutorial Introduction to the UTEXAS interface in GMS for a simple embankment analysis Objectives Learn how to build a simple UTEXAS model in GMS. Prerequisite Tutorials Feature Objects
v GMS 10.0 Tutorial MODFLOW Advanced PEST Pilot Points, SVD-Assist, Parallel PEST Prerequisite Tutorials MODFLOW PEST Pilot Points
v. 10.0 GMS 10.0 Tutorial Pilot Points, SVD-Assist, Parallel PEST Objectives Learn how to parameterize a MODFLOW model and run PEST to obtain optimal parameter values. Experiment with truncated singular
v. 9.1 GMS 9.1 Tutorial UTEXAS Embankment On Soft Clay Introduction to the UTEXAS interface in GMS for a simple embankment analysis
v. 9.1 GMS 9.1 Tutorial UTEXAS Embankment On Soft Clay Introduction to the UTEXAS interface in GMS for a simple embankment analysis Objectives Learn how to build a simple UTEXAS model in GMS. Prerequisite
v. 8.0 GMS 8.0 Tutorial UTEXAS Underwater Slope Use a slope geometry line to build a model in UTEXAS of an underwater slope
v. 8.0 GMS 8.0 Tutorial Use a slope geometry line to build a model in UTEXAS of an underwater slope Objectives Illustrate how to build a UTEXAS model in GMS that uses a slope geometry line. This tutorial
v mod-path3du Transient Particle tracking with a transient MODFLOW-USG model GMS Tutorials Time minutes Prerequisite Tutorials mod-path3du
v. 10.3 GMS 10.3 Tutorial Particle tracking with a transient MODFLOW-USG model Objectives Learn more about GMS's mod-path3du interface and how transient simulations are done. Prerequisite Tutorials mod-path3du
v GMS 10.4 Tutorial FEMWATER Transport Model Build a FEMWATER model to simulate salinity intrusion
v. 10.4 GMS 10.4 Tutorial FEMWATER Transport Model Build a FEMWATER model to simulate salinity intrusion Objectives This tutorial demonstrates building a FEMWATER transport model using the conceptual model
Stratigraphy Modeling Horizon Coverages
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v MODFLOW Automated Parameter Estimation Model calibration with PEST GMS Tutorials Time minutes
v. 10.1 GMS 10.1 Tutorial Model calibration with PEST Objectives Learn how to calibrate a MODFLOW model using PEST. Prerequisite Tutorials MODFLOW Model Calibration Required Components Grid Module Map
GMS 10.3 Tutorial MODFLOW-LGR Dual Refinement Create a MODFLOW-LGR model with two locally refined grids using GMS
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MODFLOW Stochastic Modeling, PEST Null Space Monte Carlo II. Use results from PEST NSMC to evaluate the probability of a prediction
v. 10.3 GMS 10.3 Tutorial MODFLOW Stochastic Modeling, PEST Null Space Monte Carlo II Use results from PEST NSMC to evaluate the probability of a prediction Objectives Learn how to use the results from
GMS 9.1 Tutorial MODFLOW Stochastic Modeling, PEST Null Space Monte Carlo II Use results from PEST NSMC to evaluate the probability of a prediction
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MODFLOW Saving Native Text Save a MODFLOW Simulation in Native Text Format
v. 10.2 GMS 10.2 Tutorial Save a MODFLOW Simulation in Native Text Format Objectives This tutorial explains how to save MODFLOW simulations in MODFLOW's native text format. GMS provides functionality that
SEAWAT 4 Tutorial - Example Problem
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MODFLOW STR Package The MODFLOW Stream (STR) Package Interface in GMS
v. 10.1 GMS 10.1 Tutorial The MODFLOW Stream (STR) Package Interface in GMS Objectives Learn how to create a model containing STR-type streams. Create a conceptual model of the streams using arcs and orient
v. 9.0 GMS 9.0 Tutorial SEEP2D Sheet Pile Use SEEP2D to create a flow net around a sheet pile Prerequisite Tutorials None Time minutes
v. 9.0 GMS 9.0 Tutorial Use SEEP2D to create a flow net around a sheet pile Objectives Learn how to set up and solve a seepage problem involving flow around a sheet pile using the SEEP2D interface in GMS.
v UGrid Clipping GMS 10.3 Tutorial Using Clipping display option to visualize UGrid data Prerequisite Tutorials Getting Started
v. 10.3 GMS 10.3 Tutorial Using Clipping display option to visualize UGrid data Objectives This tutorial describes the UGrid clipping tool. The UGrid clipping tool can be used to cut away a portion of