Environmental & Efficiency Trends in Enterprise Computing. John Sheehy Systems Architect

Transcription

1 Environmental & Efficiency Trends in Enterprise Computing John Sheehy Systems Architect

2 Cost of Energy is Increasing

3 But Inversely Correlated with US Dollar Without the 45-point drop in the US Dollar Index Crude Oil would be near $40-$50 today. Oil could reasonably reach $116 to $1/bbl this year and then retreat. While a stronger dollar would help us, it would minimally take years to strengthen.

4 Opportunities abound for Green IT The magnitude of the problem Data Centers consumed 180B kwh in 07 will double next 4 years Some Digital Media firms are forecasting doubling consumption annually Over $29B in power & cooling industry wide in 07 U.S. Energy Information Administration, IDC...inefficiency need to be addressed 100 units of energy production 3 units for productive IT Average resource utilization <10%=$140B excess server capacity -U.S Dept. of Energy, IDC...e-waste can no longer be ignored. 1 billion computers will become potential scrap by 10 Only 45% of US companies have eco-friendly disposal plans The potential toxic risks of improper disposal are enormous IDC, National Safety Council

5 Facts: Information technology (IT) accounts for. 27 billion metric tons of CO2 worldwide last year Approx. 7 to 8 billion tons are anthropogenic CO2 6 billion tons from power generation alone 182 billion kwh used by data centers equals 132 to 160 million tons of CO2 Depends on the carbon calculator you use ( over 12 different sources ) 2% x 8 billion tons CO2 = 160 m tons from IT 160 m tons = 1.7% of WW anthropogenic CO2 of CO2 emissions

6 Inefficiencies Multiply 100 Units Data center Server hardware Processor Server loads TYPICAL USAGE RATES Mainframe 80 90% 35 Units HVAC, UPS 55% IT Power 45% Performance, Capacity/ Watt Other 70% Processor Up to 95% idle resource 30% UNIX 30 40% Wintel 5 12% Resources used at 5-% average for appl. load (Power supply, fans, memory, disk) 33 Units Delivered* *Data source: U.S. Department of Energy May 18, 07 How to improve efficiency Reduce cooling/ups needs vs. energy going in servers, capture heat at source (Potential gain 10%) More efficient cooling and energy supply Higher efficiency infrastructure, power management' ( > 3yrs older is good target ) Better server hardware design Reduce chip level ( Cap power usage ) Reduce idle/unused capacity which still consumes energy (Utilization 5 to % gain) Advanced processor design + process Enhance resource usage rate (consolidation /virtualization) 100 units of energy production 3 units for productive IT

7 Where does the energy go? The data center energy challenge affects both the physical data center and the IT infrastructure Cooling systems 35 Electrical and building systems % of total data center electricity use Chiller/ cooling tower Humidifier Computer room airconditioner Power distribution unit Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) Switch/ gen Lighting Information technology Power use Optimize Data Center Infrastructure Energy Efficiency Active Energy Management Optimize IT Infrastructure Energy Efficiency Chart and data source: American Power Conversion Corporation (APC) white paper, Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers, #114, by Neil Rasmussen, 06.

8 Worldwide expense to power and cool installed base Spending (US$B) Installed Base (M Units) $300 $ $0 30 $ $ $50 5 $ This is expected to increase 37% over the next four years to $0.71 Power and cooling costs x8 Server mgmt and admin costs x4 New server spending 19 Today, each dollar of new servers cost $0.52 to power and cool 50 SOURCE: IDC, Worldwide Server Power and Cooling Expense 06-10, Document #3598, Sept. 06

9 Green IT vs. Other Mitigation Choices or you could remove 3,505,401 cars and light trucks from the company fleet. What if every data centers was a green data center? or you could plant 502,440,757 tree seedling and grow them for 10 years. A % efficiency improvement could save 36 billion kwh or 22m tons of CO2 or you could manage and preserve 16,329,325 acres of pine or fir forest per year...or you could recycle 6,597,707 tons of company waste instead of sending to landfills. Data source:

10 Why Green Data Centers? Highly energy-intensive and rapidly growing Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square foot than a typical office building Large potential impact on electricity supply and distribution Used about 180 billion kwh in 05 At current rates, power requirements will double by 12 IT Load 55% % efficiency improvement could save 36 billion kwh or 22m tons of CO2 or 4.2m passenger cars 45% 45% 55% Power and Cooling Data source: Creating :

11 Green = $$$$$ You don't need to believe in climate change, sustainability or environmental protection to understand Green. It's not a choice. You can have both. Money is a store of value and a means to allocate resources. Spending your money wisely will produce less waste and less environmental impact.

12 All IT Equipment Contributes to the Problem All IT equipment needs a mitigation plan.

13 Blade Server Power Density Trends Per Rack Power Density (KW) Blades 15 Data Center Rack Density '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 Year Source: APC

14 Optimal Rack Layouts Rack and UPS Inlet Temps ( F) Center Cold Aisle Center Hot Aisle Bowling Alley Ave Maximum Ave. for Single Rack Approx. Local Maximum Center Cold Aisle Center Hot Aisle Bowling Alley Source: APC

15 Environmental Protection Agency Report to Congress Scenario / Percent Energy Savings IT Equipment Site Infrastructure (Power and Cooling) Improved operation % Best practice 45% Continue current trends for server consolidation Eliminate unused servers Adopt energy-efficient servers to modest level Enable power management on 100% of applicable servers Assume modest decline in energy use of enterprise storage equipment 30% improvement in infrastructure energy efficiency from improved airflow management All measures above plus: Up to 70% improvement in infrastructure energy efficiency from all measures in Improved operation scenario, plus: Consolidate servers to moderate extent Aggressively adopt energy-efficient servers Assume moderate storage consolidation State-of-the-art All measures above plus: 55% Aggressively consolidate servers Aggressively consolidate storage Enable power management at data center level of applications, servers, and equipment for networking and storage Improved transformers and uninterruptible power supplies Improved efficiency chillers, fans, and pumps Free cooling Up to 80% improvement in infrastructure energy efficiency, due to all measures in Best practice scenario, plus: Direct liquid cooling Combined heat and power Source: EPA Response to Congress for Public Law , 08/07/07

16 UF Office of Sustainability Mission and Guiding Principles of the University of Florida's Office of Sustainability The mission of the Office of Sustainability is to make the University of Florida - in its operations, education, research, and outreach - a model of sustainability, integrating the goals of ecological restoration, economic development, and social equity. In pursuing this mandate, the Office of Sustainability will encourage and facilitate the collaborative efforts of faculty, students, and staff to generate knowledge, acquire skills, develop values, and initiate practices that contribute to a sustainable, high quality of life on campus, in the state of Florida, and across the globe. The Office of Sustainability supports faculty, students, and staff in assuming leadership to transform the following guiding principles into practices. Source: UF

17 IBM Project Big Green IBM to reallocate $1 billion each year Accelerate green technologies and services Provide a roadmap for clients to address the IT energy challenges Offer IBM solutions that include the strength of IBM s hardware, software, services, research and financing teams Business growth and energy conservation Double the compute capacity by 10 without increasing power consumption or CO2 emissions avoiding 5B kilowatt hours per year Focus on data center energy conservation as data centers are 6% of the total space but consume 30% of the energy cost Diagnose Get the facts to understand your energy use and opportunities for improvement Manage & Measure Build Plan, build, and upgrade to energy efficient data centers Green Data Center Virtualize Implement virtualization and other innovative technologies Seize control with energy management software Cool Use innovative cooling solutions Going Green impacts pocket-book and the planet Business: Double your IT capacity Operational: Save 45% energy savings or $1.3M per year Environmental: 1,300 less cars or 3.5 M pounds of coal

18 Virtualize - IBM Data Centers Improved operational costs up to 70% with aggressive distributed platform virtualization Client requirements Improve IT equipment utilization Reduce IT hardware requirements Solution Advanced POWER Virtualization (APV) and VMWare Reduced number of physical servers Wintel from 11,000 to 1,500 Unix from 8,500 to 1,500 Three times improvement in server utilization Formed a Virtualization Center of Excellence to implement best practices across geographies Benefits Operational savings of up to 70% Space, power and cooling, maintenance, software support and personnel costs

19 Three fundamentals of power management Measure/Trend Power Consumption (Phase 1) Determine the power (watts) is being consumed now Why assume label power? Power meter (internal) or PDU with watt meter (external) Cap or Allocate Power Correctly (Phase 2) Power consumed is a function of the HW options, OS, Apps and App footprint application and the application data footprint Allocate power based on past history using power measurements: to match the need of each server to match the P/T limits of the data center Reduce power consumed (Phase 3) CPUs can reduce power in periods of low utilization Save power costs A view of power consumption across the data center (units of hrs, weeks, months) using your applications and workloads! Reducing your power/thermal requirements (saving infrastructure costs ex. HVAC, UPS, generators) Reducing power consumption during periods of low utilization (saving power costs ex. utility company)

20 Environmental responsibility is a core IBM value New Goal Announced! Awards & Recognition FORTUNE 500 Top 04, 05, 06 Further extend IBM s early accomplishments by reducing CO2 emissions associated with IBM s energy use 12% from 05 to 12 via energy conservation, use of renewable energy, and/or funding CO2 emissions reductions with Renewable Energy Certificates or comparable instruments. The Climate Group , 1999, 01 USEPA Climate Protection Award 1998 and Green Power Purchaser Award 06 Environmental Efforts at Big Blue Computer Program Charter Member 1992 Charter member 03 Charter Member 00 WRI Green Power Market Development Group Charter member 00 Business Environmental Leadership Council 1605(b) voluntary emissions reporting since 1995 Charter Member 02 Since inception Long History 40% 600 Between 1990 and 05, IBM s global energy conservation actions reduced or avoided CO2 emissions by an amount 500 equal to 40% of its 1990 emissions Became the first semi-conductor company to set a numerical target for PFC emissions reduction %

21 What is an Energy Efficiency Certificate? Also known as White Tags Generally represents the amount of MWH of electrical energy saved as a result of a specific demand-side energy efficiency project A new method of documenting and validating the energy savings realized when an entity undertakes an energy efficiency project Created only after post-project energy use verification is completed

22 Use Green as your new business barometer Financial Operational Social / Regulatory Cost savings from more efficient energy use More computing performance per kilowatt Verifiable energy conservation ROI on IT more than 3 years old is less than 2 years Extend the life of IT equipment Proactively address energy/climate challenges Every $1 saved on energy, drives another $6 -$8 operational savings Results in a shared, flexible infrastructure Improves customer s image of your company

23 Significant potential to reduce energy and cost savings Up to 40% annual energy savings for infrastructure alone Representative of a typical, medium size data center of 25,000 sq ft Savings at $0.12 per kilowatt hour = $ 735,000 Savings at $0.18 per kilowatt hour = $1,103,000 Optimizing across the enterprise yields dramatically greater savings Very small data center of 3,500 square feet Consolidated from 4 sites Yielded $7M operational savings Plus $4M in equipment savings

24 Summary Data Centers face huge challenges Significant costs can be saved Environmental impact can be lessened Technologies exist today to solve the problems Skills are available to address the needs Data Center Assesments Consolidation/Virtualization Studies Understand the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)!