- Knowledge of basic computer architecture and organization, ECE 445

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1 ECE 446: Device Driver Development Fall 2014 Wednesdays 7:20-10 PM Office hours: Wednesdays 6:15-7:15 PM or by appointment, Adjunct office Engineering Building room 3707/3708 Last updated: 8/24/14 Instructor: A. Cyrus Sabzevari Course Description: This course addresses device driver and kernel level software development. Linux operating system is used for instruction of concepts. The C programming language and basics of programming for the Linux operating system are reviewed. Basics of device driver software, Character driver operations and data structures, concurrency and race conditions, kernel timers, memory allocation, communications with hardware, interrupt handling, kernel data types, memory mapping and DMA concepts, and Network drivers are explored. Credit: 3 credit hours, 1 hour of design content (when taken as a BSEE elective) This course can be taken as a technical elective by both BSCpE and BSEE students. Prerequisites: - Basic knowledge of the C programming language. - Knowledge of basic computer architecture and organization, ECE 445 Text: J. Corbet, A. Rubini, G. Kroah-Hartman, Linux Device Drivers, O Reilly, 3 rd Edition, Other references: S. Venkateswaran, Essential Linux Device Drivers, Prentice Hall, R. Love, Linux Kernel Development, Addison Wesley, 3 rd Edition, 2010.

2 D.P. Bovet, M. Cesati, Understanding the Linux Kernel, O Reilly, 3 rd Edition, Class Meeting Topics: Class 1: Review of C programming: Lecture notes Topics: discussion of pointers, pointers and functions, pointers to functions, type conversions and pointer conversions, pointers and arrays and addressing, const qualifier, memory allocation, structures, structures and pointers, arrays of structures, linked lists, and operation on bits. Class 2: Introduction to Device Drivers: Chapter 1 Topics: Role of the Device Driver, Loadable Modules, Classes of Devices and Modules, Device Security, Version Numbering, License Terms. Building and Running Modules in Linux: Chapter 2 Topics: Kernel Module vs. Applications, User Space and Kernel Space, Concurrency in the Kernel, Current Process, Dynamic Memory Allocation, Compiling, Loading and Unloading Modules, Version and Platform Dependency, Kernel Symbol Table, Initialization and Cleanup Functions, Module Loading Races, Module Parameters. Class 3: Char Drivers: Chapter 3 Topics: Major and Minor Numbers, Dynamic Allocation of Major Numbers, Data Structures, File Operations Structure, The file Structure, The inode Structure, Char Device Registration, The open and release Methods, The read and write Methods. Class 4: Concurrency and Race Conditions: Chapter 5 Semaphores and Mutexes, Linux Semaphore implementation, Reader/Writer Semaphore, Completions, Spinlocks, Locking Traps, Alternatives to Locking, Lock-Free Algorithms, Circular Buffers, Atomic Variables. Class 5:

3 More Char Driver Operations: Chapter 6 Ioctl, Capabilities and Restricted Operations, Device Control without ioctl, Blocking I/O, Sleeping, Blocking and Nonblocking Operations, Poll and Select, Asynchronous Notification, Seeking a Device, Access Control on Device File. Class 6: Time, Delays and Deferred Work: Chapter 7 Measuring Time lapses, Current Time, Delaying execution, Kernel Timers, Tasklets, Workqueues, Shared Queues. Class 7: Midterm Exam, in class, closed books, closed notes, individual effort Class 8: Allocating Memory: Chapter 8 kmaloc, Memory zones, Lookaside Caches, Memory Pools, vmalloc, Per-CPU variables, Obtaining Large Buffers. Class 9: Communicating with Hardware: Chapter 9 I/O Ports and I/O Memory Debugging: Chapter 4 Topics: Debugging Support in the Kernel, Printing, Message Logs, Rate Limiting, Debugging System Faults, Oops Messages, Tracing. Class 10: Memory Mapping and DMA: Chapter 15 Topics: Memory Management, Address Types, User virtual address, Physical Addresses, Bus Addresses, Kernel logical Addresses, Kernel virtual address, High and Low Memory, Memory Map and Struct Page, Page Table, Memory Map, Direct Memory

4 Access (DMA), DMA Data Transfer, Allocating DMA buffers, Bus Addresses, DMA Layer. Class 11: Interrupt Handling: Chapter 10 Topics: Installing an Interrupt Handler, /proc, Auto-detecting IRQ number, Implementing a Handler, Enabling and Disabling Interrupts, Tasklets and Workqueues, Interrupt Sharing, Interrupt Driven I/O. Data Types in the Kernel: Chapter 11 Topics: Standard C types, Explicit Data Size, Interface-Specific Types, Page Size, Byte Order Big Endian and Little Endian, Data Alignment, Linked Lists Structure. Class 12: Midterm exam in class, closed books, closed notes, individual effort Class 13: PCI Drivers: Chapter 12 Topics: PCI Addressing, Boot Time, Configuration Registers and Initialization, Registering a PCI Driver, Probing, Enabling the PCI device, Accessing the Configuration Space, Accessing the I/O and Memory Space, PCI Interrupts. Security Coding Practices in the Kernel Space: Lecture notes Class 14: Network Drivers: Chapter 17 Topics: Assigning IP numbers, Physical Transport of Packets, Device Registration, Initializing Devices, Module Unloading, net_device Structure, Device Methods, Open and Close, Packet Transmission, Controlling Transmission Concurrency, Timeouts, Scatter/Gather I/O, Packet Reception, Interrupt handler, Socket Buffers, MAC Address Resolution, ARP with Ethernet, Multicast. Class 15: Final Exam in class, closed books, closed notes, individual effort

5 Grading: Exams will be in-class. All exams are closed book/notes. There will be homework assignments/small projects and unannounced quizzes. Most assignments require developing kernel level software. Assignments 30% Pop-up Quizzes 10% Midterm exams 40% Final exam 20%