Binghamton University. CS-120 Summer Introduction to C. Text: Introduction to Computer Systems : Chapters 11, 12, 14, 13
|
|
- Phoebe Conley
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Introduction to C Text: Introduction to Computer Systems : Chapters 11, 12, 14, 13
2 Problem: Too Many Details For example: Lab 7 Bubble Sort Needed to keep track of too many details! Outer Loop When do I quit? How many times have I been through already? Inner Loop How far am I in the vector? Really, need to pseudo-code! do { ordered=1 for(i=0;i<cnt; i++) { if (VEC[i]>VEC[i+1]) { swap VEC[i], VEC[i+1] ordered=0 } } until (ordered==1)
3 Problem: Translating from Psuedo-Code Translation is Mechanical, Laborious, and Error-Prone Why not let computer perform translation? Write in Pseudo-Code Allow computer to translate Pseudo-Code to Assembler Pseudo-Code is a High Level Language Translator is a Compiler Example: Bubble Sort in C C code translated to LC3
4 Origins of C MULTICs operating system MIT / General Electric / Bell Labs Collaboration, Design an operating system to run GE-645 Main Frame Programmed in Assembler and PL/I BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language) Martin Richards ( of Cambridge) 1966 Used to write Compilers First use of {}, //, First Hello World No Types (interpretation based on operator)
5 Origins of C UNIX ( s) Operating System Bell Labs PDP-7, PDP-11 B Language (BCPL Lite ) Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie Still no types
6 How C got it s name.
7 Origins of C B + types + structures = C 1978 The C Programming Language (Kernighan and Ritchie) K&R 1983 ANSI Standard 1988 POSIX standard (libraries) 1990 ISO C ISO C ISO C11
8 C Syntax Comments: /* comment */ or // comment to end of line Statement: instruction that ends with a semi-colon White space (blanks, tabs, new-lines) Ignored! (except as a separator between tokens) Not like python, where indentation used to define block structure!
9 C Functions Functions are the primary building block in C All executable C code is contained in a function To explain functions, we need to know about C types of data
10 C Types Built-In Integers signed / unsigned char / short / int / long Real Numbers float / double / long double Character (char) void Derived Arrays: <type>[<count>] Pointers: *<type> User Defined: struct / enum / union typedef
11 LC3 vs.c - Subroutines LC3 - Subroutines PUSH ; put value in R0 on stack ret C - Functions void push(int value) { } group of LC3 instructions args by convention w/ caller return value by convention regs shared with caller memory shared w/ caller group of C statements args specified in function def. return value type in def. no regs variables usually not shared
12 C Function Conventions Argument list: comma separated list of variables type/names specified in function signature A function works on a copy of the arguments Type of return value specified in function signature A function returns a single value via a return statement exception: void indicates zero values returned Compiler handles the details Argument copying Setting return values in caller Keeping track of return location etc. etc. etc.
13 The main function Every C program must have a main function When the C program is executed, the main function is invoked Arguments to main yet to come When the main function ends, the C program ends return value of type int is the return code of the program 0 indicates success ~0 indicates some kind of error occurred
14 Function Signature <return_type> <name> ( <argument_list> ) <return_type> - type of function s return value <name> - Your choice (starting with letter) <argument list> - comma separated list of arguments each argument consists of <type> <argname> int main() int addemup(int a, int b) void print_error_message(int error_type)
15 Function Declaration vs. Definition Function Declaration <function signature>; Function Definition <function signature> { <function statements> }
16 Function Statements Variable Declaration: <type> <name> = <initval> Assignment: <lhs> = <expression> Expressions Return: return <expression> Control Statements
17 LC3 vs. C - Variables LC3 Labeled Words COUNT.fill #3 C Variable Declarations int count=3; everything is 16 bits required initial value program decides type size depends on type optional initial value type must be specified
18 Variable Declarations <type> <name> =<initial value>; <type> - one of the built-in or derived type names <name> - your choice starts with letter, no embedded blanks =<initial value> is optional int count=17; float area=2.89; int vec[10]; int *vec_ptr;
19 Function Statements - Assignment <left_hand_side> = <expression>; <left_hand_side> or <LHS> - Something that can be assigned to <expression> - Something that can be evaluated Expression is evaluated, and the result is copied to the <LHS> count = 12; first_initial= T ; area = height * width; take_off_time=(now + delta)%24; distance = sqroot(x*x + y*y);
20 C Expressions - Constants <constant> Decimal Integers: <digits> e.g. 0, 123, 82, Octal Integers: 0<digits> e.g Hexadecimal Integers: 0x<digits> e.g. 0xFA3B, 0x00a1 Floating Point numbers: <digits>.<digits>[e<digits>] e.g. 1.0, 3.141, 6.23e23, Single characters: <char> e.g. a, 3 List of characters: <chars> e.g. this is a test.
21 C Expressions: Variables <variable_name> The value of any variable argument local variable global variable
22 C Expressions: Unary Operators <UnaryOp> <expression> Operators with a single argument Invert: ~,! Sign: +, - Increment/Decrement: ++, -- Side effects Prefix vs. Postfix * Casting : (<type>) ~flags,!empty +12, -num count++, blocks-- ++count, /* like lea vec */, *num_ptr (int) first_initial
23 C Expressions: Parenthesis (<expression>) Evaluate what is inside parenthesis before using that value Remove ambiguity e.g. - - x vs. ( - x)
24 C Expressions: Binary Operators <expression> <BinOp> <expression> Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %, ** a+b, time%24 Relational: <, <=, ==, >=, >,!= WARNING: = is assignment!!!!! Logical: &,, ^, &&, a>b, count <= max (a>b)&&(a>c) Shift: <<, >> a<<2 /* fast a*4 */
25 C Expressions: Ternary Operator <Condition>?<T_expression>:<F_expression> Evaluates <Condition> If <Condition> is true, returns <T_expression> If <Condition> is false, returns <F_expression> (x>y)? is greater than : is less than or equal to
26 C Truth Value In C, any value OTHER THAN zero is Logically True In C, a value of zero is Logically False (blocks_left)? There are blocks left : There are no blocks left Question: What is blocks_left==-7?
27 C Expression: Function Invocation <function_name>(<function_arguments>) Invokes function with arguments specified arguments may be epxressions evaluated before function invoked Function s return value becomes the value of the expression
28 C blocks List of statements surrounded by curly braces {} A block is treated as a single statement For example, a function definition is a function signature followed by a C statement that defines what that function does. However, the C statement is almost always replaced by a block of statements Modern C compilers require a block of statements for a function definition
29 C Control Statements If/Then/Else if (<condition>) <then-statement>; if (<condition>) <then-statement>; else <else-statement>; Evaluate condition far enough to determine truth value if the condition is true, execute the <then-statement> if the condition is false, execute the <else-statement> (if present) if (a>0) a--; else a++;
30 C Control Statements While loop while <condition> <loop_statement>; Evaluate condition If condition is true, execute <loop_statement>, then re-execute loop. while(i>0) sum+=a[i--];
31 C control Statements Do / While loop do <loop-statement>; while ( <condition> ); Execute loop statement then test <condition> if true, reexecute loop statement do resetarray(i++); while(i<array_size);
32 C Control Statements For loops for(<init>;<condition>;<increment>) <loop_statement>; Execute <init> statement Test <condition> if true, execute <loop_statement>, then execute <increment> statement, then test condition again for(i=0; i<max; i++) array[i]=0;
33 C Function Statements: return return <expression> ; Evaluates <expression> Returns the value of the expression to the caller
34 Example C code int bignuff(int n) { if (n>10) return 1; return 0; } int add3(int n) { n=n+3; return n; } int main() { int x=5; return (bignuff(add3(add3(x)))?0:x; }
Binghamton University. CS-211 Fall Syntax. What the Compiler needs to understand your program
Syntax What the Compiler needs to understand your program 1 Pre-Processing Any line that starts with # is a pre-processor directive Pre-processor consumes that entire line Possibly replacing it with other
More informationUNIT- 3 Introduction to C++
UNIT- 3 Introduction to C++ C++ Character Sets: Letters A-Z, a-z Digits 0-9 Special Symbols Space + - * / ^ \ ( ) [ ] =!= . $, ; : %! &? _ # = @ White Spaces Blank spaces, horizontal tab, carriage
More informationProgramming in C and Data Structures [15PCD13/23] 1. PROGRAMMING IN C AND DATA STRUCTURES [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]
Programming in C and Data Structures [15PCD13/23] 1 PROGRAMMING IN C AND DATA STRUCTURES [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme] Course objectives: The objectives of this course is to make students
More informationC Language Part 1 Digital Computer Concept and Practice Copyright 2012 by Jaejin Lee
C Language Part 1 (Minor modifications by the instructor) References C for Python Programmers, by Carl Burch, 2011. http://www.toves.org/books/cpy/ The C Programming Language. 2nd ed., Kernighan, Brian,
More informationSyntax and Variables
Syntax and Variables What the Compiler needs to understand your program, and managing data 1 Pre-Processing Any line that starts with # is a pre-processor directive Pre-processor consumes that entire line
More informationPresented By : Gaurav Juneja
Presented By : Gaurav Juneja Introduction C is a general purpose language which is very closely associated with UNIX for which it was developed in Bell Laboratories. Most of the programs of UNIX are written
More informationCSCE 110 PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS
CSCE 110 PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS WITH C++ Prof. Amr Goneid AUC Part 2. Overview of C++ Prof. Amr Goneid, AUC 1 Overview of C++ Prof. Amr Goneid, AUC 2 Overview of C++ Historical C++ Basics Some Library
More informationCharacter Set. The character set of C represents alphabet, digit or any symbol used to represent information. Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 9
Character Set The character set of C represents alphabet, digit or any symbol used to represent information. Types Uppercase Alphabets Lowercase Alphabets Character Set A, B, C, Y, Z a, b, c, y, z Digits
More informationUNIT - I. Introduction to C Programming. BY A. Vijay Bharath
UNIT - I Introduction to C Programming Introduction to C C was originally developed in the year 1970s by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories, Inc. C is a general-purpose programming language. It has been
More informationFeatures of C. Portable Procedural / Modular Structured Language Statically typed Middle level language
1 History C is a general-purpose, high-level language that was originally developed by Dennis M. Ritchie to develop the UNIX operating system at Bell Labs. C was originally first implemented on the DEC
More informationComputers Programming Course 5. Iulian Năstac
Computers Programming Course 5 Iulian Năstac Recap from previous course Classification of the programming languages High level (Ada, Pascal, Fortran, etc.) programming languages with strong abstraction
More informationCOMPUTER SCIENCE HIGHER SECONDARY FIRST YEAR. VOLUME II - CHAPTER 10 PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES AND C PROGRAMMING 1,2,3 & 5 MARKS
COMPUTER SCIENCE HIGHER SECONDARY FIRST YEAR VOLUME II - CHAPTER 10 PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES AND C PROGRAMMING 1,2,3 & 5 MARKS S.LAWRENCE CHRISTOPHER, M.C.A., B.Ed., LECTURER IN COMPUTER SCIENCE PONDICHERRY
More informationFundamental of Programming (C)
Borrowed from lecturer notes by Omid Jafarinezhad Fundamental of Programming (C) Lecturer: Vahid Khodabakhshi Lecture 3 Constants, Variables, Data Types, And Operations Department of Computer Engineering
More informationEL2310 Scientific Programming
(yaseminb@kth.se) Overview Overview Roots of C Getting started with C Closer look at Hello World Programming Environment Discussion Basic Datatypes and printf Schedule Introduction to C - main part of
More informationIECD Institute for Entrepreneurship and Career Development Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 23.
Subject code - CCP01 Chapt Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO C 1. A group of software developed for certain purpose are referred as ---- a. Program b. Variable c. Software d. Data 2. Software is classified into
More informationProgramming in C and C++
Programming in C and C++ 1. Types Variables Expressions & Statements Dr. Anil Madhavapeddy University of Cambridge (based on previous years thanks to Alan Mycroft, Alastair Beresford and Andrew Moore)
More informationC/Java Syntax. January 13, Slides by Mark Hancock (adapted from notes by Craig Schock)
C/Java Syntax 1 Lecture 02 Summary Keywords Variable Declarations Data Types Operators Statements if, switch, while, do-while, for Functions 2 By the end of this lecture, you will be able to identify the
More informationC/Java Syntax. Lecture 02 Summary. Keywords Variable Declarations Data Types Operators Statements. Functions. if, switch, while, do-while, for
C/Java Syntax 1 Lecture 02 Summary Keywords Variable Declarations Data Types Operators Statements if, switch, while, do-while, for Functions 2 1 By the end of this lecture, you will be able to identify
More informationFundamental of C programming. - Ompal Singh
Fundamental of C programming - Ompal Singh HISTORY OF C LANGUAGE IN 1960 ALGOL BY INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE. IT WAS TOO GENERAL AND ABSTRUCT. IN 1963 CPL(COMBINED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE) WAS DEVELOPED AT CAMBRIDGE
More informationProgramming in C and C++
Programming in C and C++ Types, Variables, Expressions and Statements Neel Krishnaswami and Alan Mycroft Course Structure Basics of C: Types, variables, expressions and statements Functions, compilation
More informationChapter 1 & 2 Introduction to C Language
1 Chapter 1 & 2 Introduction to C Language Copyright 2007 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 1 & 2 - Introduction to C Language 2 Outline 1.1 The History
More informationBCA-105 C Language What is C? History of C
C Language What is C? C is a programming language developed at AT & T s Bell Laboratories of USA in 1972. It was designed and written by a man named Dennis Ritchie. C seems so popular is because it is
More informationLecture 02 Summary. C/Java Syntax 1/14/2009. Keywords Variable Declarations Data Types Operators Statements. Functions
Lecture 02 Summary C/Java Syntax Keywords Variable Declarations Data Types Operators Statements if, switch, while, do-while, for Functions 1 2 By the end of this lecture, you will be able to identify the
More informationStructure of this course. C and C++ Past Exam Questions. Text books
Structure of this course C and C++ 1. Types Variables Expressions & Statements Alastair R. Beresford University of Cambridge Lent Term 2008 Programming in C: types, variables, expressions & statements
More informationINTRODUCTION 1 AND REVIEW
INTRODUTION 1 AND REVIEW hapter SYS-ED/ OMPUTER EDUATION TEHNIQUES, IN. Programming: Advanced Objectives You will learn: Program structure. Program statements. Datatypes. Pointers. Arrays. Structures.
More informationDEPARTMENT OF MATHS, MJ COLLEGE
T. Y. B.Sc. Mathematics MTH- 356 (A) : Programming in C Unit 1 : Basic Concepts Syllabus : Introduction, Character set, C token, Keywords, Constants, Variables, Data types, Symbolic constants, Over flow,
More information6.096 Introduction to C++ January (IAP) 2009
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 6.096 Introduction to C++ January (IAP) 2009 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. Welcome to 6.096 Lecture
More informationProgramming Fundamentals (CS 302 ) Dr. Ihsan Ullah. Lecturer Department of Computer Science & IT University of Balochistan
Programming Fundamentals (CS 302 ) Dr. Ihsan Ullah Lecturer Department of Computer Science & IT University of Balochistan 1 Outline p Introduction p Program development p C language and beginning with
More information>B<82. 2Soft ware. C Language manual. Copyright COSMIC Software 1999, 2001 All rights reserved.
>B
More informationThe component base of C language. Nguyễn Dũng Faculty of IT Hue College of Science
The component base of C language Nguyễn Dũng Faculty of IT Hue College of Science Content A brief history of C Standard of C Characteristics of C The C compilation model Character set and keyword Data
More informationC LANGUAGE AND ITS DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
C LANGUAGE AND ITS DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUNCTIONS Manish Dronacharya College Of Engineering, Maharishi Dayanand University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India III. Abstract- C Language History: The C programming language
More informationVariables Data types Variable I/O. C introduction. Variables. Variables 1 / 14
C introduction Variables Variables 1 / 14 Contents Variables Data types Variable I/O Variables 2 / 14 Usage Declaration: t y p e i d e n t i f i e r ; Assignment: i d e n t i f i e r = v a l u e ; Definition
More informationPreview from Notesale.co.uk Page 6 of 52
Binary System: The information, which it is stored or manipulated by the computer memory it will be done in binary mode. RAM: This is also called as real memory, physical memory or simply memory. In order
More informationIntroduction to C. Why C? Difference between Python and C C compiler stages Basic syntax in C
Final Review CS304 Introduction to C Why C? Difference between Python and C C compiler stages Basic syntax in C Pointers What is a pointer? declaration, &, dereference... Pointer & dynamic memory allocation
More information(heavily based on last year s notes (Andrew Moore) with thanks to Alastair R. Beresford. 1. Types Variables Expressions & Statements 2/23
Structure of this course Programming in C: types, variables, expressions & statements functions, compilation, pre-processor pointers, structures extended examples, tick hints n tips Programming in C++:
More informationJava Notes. 10th ICSE. Saravanan Ganesh
Java Notes 10th ICSE Saravanan Ganesh 13 Java Character Set Character set is a set of valid characters that a language can recognise A character represents any letter, digit or any other sign Java uses
More informationC Language, Token, Keywords, Constant, variable
C Language, Token, Keywords, Constant, variable A language written by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie. This was to be the language that UNIX was written in to become the first "portable" language. C
More information1 Lexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2013 Handout Decaf Language Thursday, Feb 7 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationC OVERVIEW BASIC C PROGRAM STRUCTURE. C Overview. Basic C Program Structure
C Overview Basic C Program Structure C OVERVIEW BASIC C PROGRAM STRUCTURE Goals The function main( )is found in every C program and is where every C program begins speed execution portability C uses braces
More informationLexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2010 Handout Decaf Language Tuesday, Feb 2 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationAppendix. Grammar. A.1 Introduction. A.2 Keywords. There is no worse danger for a teacher than to teach words instead of things.
A Appendix Grammar There is no worse danger for a teacher than to teach words instead of things. Marc Block Introduction keywords lexical conventions programs expressions statements declarations declarators
More informationDifferentiate Between Keywords and Identifiers
History of C? Why we use C programming language Martin Richards developed a high-level computer language called BCPL in the year 1967. The intention was to develop a language for writing an operating system(os)
More informationC OVERVIEW. C Overview. Goals speed portability allow access to features of the architecture speed
C Overview C OVERVIEW Goals speed portability allow access to features of the architecture speed C fast executables allows high-level structure without losing access to machine features many popular languages
More informationProgramming in C. What is C?... What is C?
C Programming in C UVic SEng 265 Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier, in 1969, Ritchie and Thompson developed the Unix operating system We will be focusing on a version
More informationProgramming in C UVic SEng 265
Programming in C UVic SEng 265 Daniel M. German Department of Computer Science University of Victoria 1 SEng 265 dmgerman@uvic.ca C Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier,
More informationCprE 288 Introduction to Embedded Systems Exam 1 Review. 1
CprE 288 Introduction to Embedded Systems Exam 1 Review http://class.ece.iastate.edu/cpre288 1 Overview of Today s Lecture Announcements Exam 1 Review http://class.ece.iastate.edu/cpre288 2 Announcements
More informationLanguage Design COMS W4115. Prof. Stephen A. Edwards Fall 2006 Columbia University Department of Computer Science
Language Design COMS W4115 Katsushika Hokusai, In the Hollow of a Wave off the Coast at Kanagawa, 1827 Prof. Stephen A. Edwards Fall 2006 Columbia University Department of Computer Science Language Design
More informationClass B.Com. III Sem.
SYLLABUS Class B.Com. III Sem. Subject C Programming UNIT I UNIT II UNIT III UNIT IV UNIT V Concept of structural programming, algorithm, flowchart, advantages & disadvantages of algorithm & flowchart,
More informationProgramming in C. What is C?... What is C?
Programming in C UVic SEng 265 C Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier, in 1969, Ritchie and Thompson developed the Unix operating system We will be focusing on a version
More informationCS Prof J.P.Morrison
CS1061 2018-2019 Prof J.P.Morrison C Programming C is the most popular language worldwide. Everything from microcontrollers to operating systems is written in C flexible and versatile, allowing maximum
More informationChapter 3: Operators, Expressions and Type Conversion
101 Chapter 3 Operators, Expressions and Type Conversion Chapter 3: Operators, Expressions and Type Conversion Objectives To use basic arithmetic operators. To use increment and decrement operators. To
More informationPES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (BSC) I MCA, First IA Test, November 2015 Programming Using C (13MCA11) Solution Set Faculty: Jeny Jijo
PES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (BSC) I MCA, First IA Test, November 2015 Programming Using C (13MCA11) Solution Set Faculty: Jeny Jijo 1. (a)what is an algorithm? Draw a flowchart to print N terms of Fibonacci
More informationLexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Fall 2005 Handout 6 Decaf Language Wednesday, September 7 The project for the course is to write a
More informationCS 251 Intermediate Programming Java Basics
CS 251 Intermediate Programming Java Basics Brooke Chenoweth University of New Mexico Spring 2018 Prerequisites These are the topics that I assume that you have already seen: Variables Boolean expressions
More informationTypescript on LLVM Language Reference Manual
Typescript on LLVM Language Reference Manual Ratheet Pandya UNI: rp2707 COMS 4115 H01 (CVN) 1. Introduction 2. Lexical Conventions 2.1 Tokens 2.2 Comments 2.3 Identifiers 2.4 Reserved Keywords 2.5 String
More informationLecture 05 I/O statements Printf, Scanf Simple statements, Compound statements
Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms Prof. Shankar Balachandran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Lecture 05 I/O statements Printf, Scanf Simple
More informationEC 413 Computer Organization
EC 413 Computer Organization C/C++ Language Review Prof. Michel A. Kinsy Programming Languages There are many programming languages available: Pascal, C, C++, Java, Ada, Perl and Python All of these languages
More informationAppendix G C/C++ Notes. C/C++ Coding Style Guidelines Ray Mitchell 475
C/C++ Notes C/C++ Coding Style Guidelines -0 Ray Mitchell C/C++ Notes 0 0 0 0 NOTE G. C/C++ Coding Style Guidelines. Introduction The C and C++ languages are free form, placing no significance on the column
More informationObject oriented programming. Instructor: Masoud Asghari Web page: Ch: 3
Object oriented programming Instructor: Masoud Asghari Web page: http://www.masses.ir/lectures/oops2017sut Ch: 3 1 In this slide We follow: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/index.html Trail: Learning
More informationReview of the C Programming Language
Review of the C Programming Language Prof. James L. Frankel Harvard University Version of 11:55 AM 22-Apr-2018 Copyright 2018, 2016, 2015 James L. Frankel. All rights reserved. Reference Manual for the
More informationITC213: STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING. Bhaskar Shrestha National College of Computer Studies Tribhuvan University
ITC213: STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING Bhaskar Shrestha National College of Computer Studies Tribhuvan University Lecture 04: Introduction to C Readings: Chapter 1.5-1.7 What is C? C is a general-purpose, structured
More informationPART I. Part II Answer to all the questions 1. What is meant by a token? Name the token available in C++.
Unit - III CHAPTER - 9 INTRODUCTION TO C++ Choose the correct answer. PART I 1. Who developed C++? (a) Charles Babbage (b) Bjarne Stroustrup (c) Bill Gates (d) Sundar Pichai 2. What was the original name
More informationedunepal_info
facebook.com/edunepal.info @ edunepal_info C interview questions (1 125) C interview questions are given with the answers in this website. We have given C interview questions faced by freshers and experienced
More informationUnit-II Programming and Problem Solving (BE1/4 CSE-2)
Unit-II Programming and Problem Solving (BE1/4 CSE-2) Problem Solving: Algorithm: It is a part of the plan for the computer program. An algorithm is an effective procedure for solving a problem in a finite
More informationMechatronics and Microcontrollers. Szilárd Aradi PhD Refresh of C
Mechatronics and Microcontrollers Szilárd Aradi PhD Refresh of C About the C programming language The C programming language is developed by Dennis M Ritchie in the beginning of the 70s One of the most
More informationCourse Outline Introduction to C-Programming
ECE3411 Fall 2015 Lecture 1a. Course Outline Introduction to C-Programming Marten van Dijk, Syed Kamran Haider Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Connecticut Email: {vandijk,
More informationDepartment of Computer Applications
Sheikh Ul Alam Memorial Degree College Mr. Ovass Shafi. (Assistant Professor) C Language An Overview (History of C) C programming languages is the only programming language which falls under the category
More informationIntroduction to C Language
Introduction to C Language Instructor: Professor I. Charles Ume ME 6405 Introduction to Mechatronics Fall 2006 Instructor: Professor Charles Ume Introduction to C Language History of C Language In 1972,
More informationFundamentals of Programming
Fundamentals of Programming Lecture 3 - Constants, Variables, Data Types, And Operations Lecturer : Ebrahim Jahandar Borrowed from lecturer notes by Omid Jafarinezhad Outline C Program Data types Variables
More informationC Syntax Out: 15 September, 1995
Burt Rosenberg Math 220/317: Programming II/Data Structures 1 C Syntax Out: 15 September, 1995 Constants. Integer such as 1, 0, 14, 0x0A. Characters such as A, B, \0. Strings such as "Hello World!\n",
More informationC: How to Program. Week /Mar/05
1 C: How to Program Week 2 2007/Mar/05 Chapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming 2 Outline 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Simple C Program: Printing a Line of Text 2.3 Another Simple C Program: Adding Two Integers
More informationGAWK Language Reference Manual
GAWK Language Reference Manual Albert Cui, Karen Nan, Mei-Vern Then, & Michael Raimi So good, you re gonna GAWK. 1.0 Introduction This manual describes the GAWK language and is meant to be used as a reliable
More informationReview of the C Programming Language for Principles of Operating Systems
Review of the C Programming Language for Principles of Operating Systems Prof. James L. Frankel Harvard University Version of 7:26 PM 4-Sep-2018 Copyright 2018, 2016, 2015 James L. Frankel. All rights
More informationLanguage Design COMS W4115. Prof. Stephen A. Edwards Spring 2003 Columbia University Department of Computer Science
Language Design COMS W4115 Prof. Stephen A. Edwards Spring 2003 Columbia University Department of Computer Science Language Design Issues Syntax: how programs look Names and reserved words Instruction
More informationRule 1-3: Use white space to break a function into paragraphs. Rule 1-5: Avoid very long statements. Use multiple shorter statements instead.
Chapter 9: Rules Chapter 1:Style and Program Organization Rule 1-1: Organize programs for readability, just as you would expect an author to organize a book. Rule 1-2: Divide each module up into a public
More informationEL2310 Scientific Programming
Lecture 6: Introduction to C (pronobis@kth.se) Overview Overview Lecture 6: Introduction to C Roots of C Getting started with C Closer look at Hello World Programming Environment Schedule Last time (and
More informationIntroduction to C programming. By Avani M. Sakhapara Asst Professor, IT Dept, KJSCE
Introduction to C programming By Avani M. Sakhapara Asst Professor, IT Dept, KJSCE Classification of Software Computer Software System Software Application Software Growth of Programming Languages History
More informationOBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LAB 1 REVIEW THE STRUCTURE OF A C/C++ PROGRAM. TESTING PROGRAMMING SKILLS. COMPARISON BETWEEN PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING AND OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING Course basics The Object
More informationARG! Language Reference Manual
ARG! Language Reference Manual Ryan Eagan, Mike Goldin, River Keefer, Shivangi Saxena 1. Introduction ARG is a language to be used to make programming a less frustrating experience. It is similar to C
More informationProgramming Language Basics
Programming Language Basics Lecture Outline & Notes Overview 1. History & Background 2. Basic Program structure a. How an operating system runs a program i. Machine code ii. OS- specific commands to setup
More informationChapter 12 Variables and Operators
Chapter 12 Variables and Operators Highlights (1) r. height width operator area = 3.14 * r *r + width * height literal/constant variable expression (assignment) statement 12-2 Highlights (2) r. height
More informationfrom Appendix B: Some C Essentials
from Appendix B: Some C Essentials tw rev. 22.9.16 If you use or reference these slides or the associated textbook, please cite the original authors work as follows: Toulson, R. & Wilmshurst, T. (2016).
More informationComputer Components. Software{ User Programs. Operating System. Hardware
Computer Components Software{ User Programs Operating System Hardware What are Programs? Programs provide instructions for computers Similar to giving directions to a person who is trying to get from point
More informationFlow Control. CSC215 Lecture
Flow Control CSC215 Lecture Outline Blocks and compound statements Conditional statements if - statement if-else - statement switch - statement? : opertator Nested conditional statements Repetitive statements
More informationIntroduction to Computing Lecture 01: Introduction to C
Introduction to Computing Lecture 01: Introduction to C Assist.Prof.Dr. Nükhet ÖZBEK Ege University Department of Electrical&Electronics Engineering ozbek.nukhet@gmail.com Topics Introduction to C language
More informationBasics of Java Programming
Basics of Java Programming Lecture 2 COP 3252 Summer 2017 May 16, 2017 Components of a Java Program statements - A statement is some action or sequence of actions, given as a command in code. A statement
More informationExpressions and Data Types CSC 121 Spring 2015 Howard Rosenthal
Expressions and Data Types CSC 121 Spring 2015 Howard Rosenthal Lesson Goals Understand the basic constructs of a Java Program Understand how to use basic identifiers Understand simple Java data types
More informationChapter 2. Lexical Elements & Operators
Chapter 2. Lexical Elements & Operators Byoung-Tak Zhang TA: Hanock Kwak Biointelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National Univertisy http://bi.snu.ac.kr The C System
More informationThe C Language Reference Manual
The C Language Reference Manual Stephen A. Edwards Columbia University Summer 2014 Katsushika Hokusai, In the Hollow of a Wave off the Coast at Kanagawa, 1827 Part I The History of C C History Developed
More informationC Programming Class I
C Programming Class I Generation of C Language Introduction to C 1. In 1967, Martin Richards developed a language called BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language) 2. In 1970, Ken Thompson created a language
More informationComputer programming & Data Structures Unit I Introduction to Computers
Computer programming & Data Structures Unit I Introduction to Computers (1) What are system software and application software? What are the differences between them? A piece of software is a program or
More informationIn 1978, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie produced the first publicly available description of C, now known as the K&R standard.
C Quick Guide https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/c_quick_guide.htm Copyright tutorialspoint.com C Language Overview C is a general purpose, high level language that was originally developed by
More informationChapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming
Chapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming 2 Outline 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Simple C Program: Printing a Line of Text 2.3 Another Simple C Program: Adding Two Integers 2.4 Memory Concepts 2.5 Arithmetic
More informationOverview of C. Basic Data Types Constants Variables Identifiers Keywords Basic I/O
Overview of C Basic Data Types Constants Variables Identifiers Keywords Basic I/O NOTE: There are six classes of tokens: identifiers, keywords, constants, string literals, operators, and other separators.
More informationI BCA[ ] SEMESTER I CORE: C PROGRAMMING - 106A Multiple Choice Questions.
1 of 22 8/4/2018, 4:03 PM Dr.G.R.Damodaran College of Science (Autonomous, affiliated to the Bharathiar University, recognized by the UGC)Reaccredited at the 'A' Grade Level by the NAAC and ISO 9001:2008
More informationVariables in C. Variables in C. What Are Variables in C? CMSC 104, Fall 2012 John Y. Park
Variables in C CMSC 104, Fall 2012 John Y. Park 1 Variables in C Topics Naming Variables Declaring Variables Using Variables The Assignment Statement 2 What Are Variables in C? Variables in C have the
More informationHISTORY OF C LANGUAGE. Facts about C. Why Use C?
1 HISTORY OF C LANGUAGE C is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative computer programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis M. Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories to develop the UNIX operating
More informationControl Flow. COMS W1007 Introduction to Computer Science. Christopher Conway 3 June 2003
Control Flow COMS W1007 Introduction to Computer Science Christopher Conway 3 June 2003 Overflow from Last Time: Why Types? Assembly code is typeless. You can take any 32 bits in memory, say this is an
More informationProgramming. Elementary Concepts
Programming Elementary Concepts Summary } C Language Basic Concepts } Comments, Preprocessor, Main } Key Definitions } Datatypes } Variables } Constants } Operators } Conditional expressions } Type conversions
More information4.1. Structured program development Overview of C language
4.1. Structured program development 4.2. Data types 4.3. Operators 4.4. Expressions 4.5. Control flow 4.6. Arrays and Pointers 4.7. Functions 4.8. Input output statements 4.9. storage classes. UNIT IV
More information