Function Overloading

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Function Overloading"

Transcription

1 Function Overloading C++ supports writing more than one function with the same name but different argument lists How does the compiler know which one the programmer is calling? They have different signatures A function s signature is a combination of its name and its argument list the return type is not part of the signature so you can t overload just by changing return type 1

2 When you use function overloading, ambiguity can happen in 3 cases: 1. if you have call by reference and call by value with the same parameters types: void square (double& x) { x = x * x; void square (double x) { cout << x * x; 2. if there is no matching parameter type for a called function but variables can be automatically converted to appropriate types: int area (int height, int width) { return height * width; double area (double height, double width) { return height * width; 3. if you use default arguments: prototypes: void fcn(int a, int b = 9, double c = 1.33); void fcn(int a, int b); 2

3 Function Overloading (cont.) Suppose that we have a scenario such as: void swap (int *a, int *b); void swap (double *x, double *y); void swap (bool *p, bool *q); int main() { int i = 4, j = 6; double c = 13.2, d = 43.1; bool flag1 = TRUE, flag2 = FALSE; swap (&i, &j); swap (&c, &d); swap (&flag1, &flag2); with function definitions as shown on the next slide: 3

4 void swap (int *a, int *b) { int temp; temp = *a; *a = *b; *b = temp; void swap (double *x, double *y) { double temp; temp = *x; *x = *y; *y = temp; void swap (bool *p, bool *q) { bool temp; temp = *p; *p = *q; *q = temp; Each of these functions expects to see pointers as arguments the only difference is what kind of thing the pointer argument is pointing to The compiler matches up the signature in the function definition with the call so that the correct version gets invoked 4

5 Remember Function Templates No need for 3 different functions We could create a function template definition for swap the function template sets up the framework for the functions we need, then based on how the template is called, the compiler generates the necessary code Example: template <typename T> void swap(t *a, T *b) { T temp; temp = *a; *a = *b; *b = temp; the keyword template tells the compiler it s a function template this is the function s return type here it is void because the original swap functions had void return type everywhere a T occurs in the template, the compiler will substitute the correct type depending on the call to the function 5

6 One More (trivial) Template Example - template <class T> T square (T x) { return x * x; if called with an int argument, this will return an int result; if called with a double argument, it will return a double. 6

7 Object Oriented Design Where do we stand now? We ve talked about classes and their definition class definition in <classname>.h file this defines the interfaces for the class implementation of the methods in <classname>.cpp file We ve talked about constructors and destructors default constructor and overloaded constructors issues to consider when a class has a member that is dynamic order of method invocation as a program runs (explored through a trace of what happens in an example using the point class) We discussed copy constructors and saw an example 7

8 Just to remind you: Constructors: What Happens by Default If you do not define a constructor, the system will define a default constructor the default constructor is supposed to initialize all numeric types to 0, all pointers to null, and all Boolean types to false (but be careful check that it really does this!) If you do define a constructor, yours will be used whenever an object of this type is instantiated that is, whenever an object is declared or new or gcnew is called to create an object of this type If you provide a constructor that takes a nonvoid parameter, you must also provide a default constructor. objects of managed classes must always be declared as tracking handles (otherwise you ll get a compile error) 8

9 Destructors: What Happens by Default A destructor is a function that: Is automatically invoked when an object is destroyed i.e. at the end of the block in which an object was declared Performs termination housekeeping In particular, it recovers memory to be reused On block exit, destructors for objects declared in the block are called in reverse order of object instantiation (see class example) Takes no arguments and returns no value Has the same name as the class preceded by a ~ There is only one destructor for a class no overloading is possible The system automatically generates a destructor for a class, but Programmers do have to write a destructor when their class dynamically allocates memory (which can happen when data members are pointers or array names or CLI objects) 9

10 = Operators: What Happens by Default Ordinarily, the compiler will generate a default assignment operator a point class (that has two double data members) is an example of a case in which the = operator is automatically overloaded by the compiler If you define any assignment operator that takes the class as a parameter, the compiler cannot generate a default assignment operator for that class. In these cases, you have to provide an overloaded assignment operator 10

11 Why do we need a copy constructor? If a copy constructor is missing (for any class), the compiler creates a default one that performs member-by-member copying. For classes that have dynamic members, we need to have appropriate memberwise copy functions (we ve seen an example of why) Let s revisit the class MemberInfo that we looked at before We re going to look at 4 different ways to represent the same information then consider how statements execute differently (and why) 11

12 #pragma once #ifndef MEMB1 #define MEMB1 using namespace System; Class MemberInfo header: ref class MemberInfo{ public: MemberInfo(); MemberInfo(MemberInfo %); void entername(); void enterage(); String^ getname(); int getage(); void setname(string^); void setage(int); void display(); ~MemberInfo(); private: String ^name; int age; static int count; ; #endif // default constructor // copy constructor // method for entering name // method for entering age // method for extracting name // method for extracting age // method for setting name to a value // method for setting age to a value // method for display of the object s data // destructor 12

13 // MANAGED CLASS ref class MemberInfo{ public: static int count; MemberInfo(); MemberInfo(MemberInfo %); void entername(); void enterage(); String^ getname(); int getage(); void setname(string^); void setage(int); void display(); ~MemberInfo(); private: String ^name; int age; ; M_Info // STANDARD C++ CLASS // copy constructor w/ ref parameter class MemberInfo{ public: static int count; MemberInfo(); MemberInfo(MemberInfo &); void entername(); void enterage(); string* getname(); int getage(); void setname(string*); void setage(int); void display(); ~MemberInfo(); private: string * name; int age; ; Native M_Info2

14 // STANDARD C++ CLASS // pointer to string type data member class MemberInfo{ public: static int count; // STANDARD C++ CLASS // string type data member class MemberInfo{ public: static int count; private: ; MemberInfo(); MemberInfo(MemberInfo *); void entername(); void enterage(); string* getname(); int getage(); void setname(string*); void setage(int); void display(); ~MemberInfo(); string * name; int age; private: ; MemberInfo(); MemberInfo(MemberInfo &); void entername(); void enterage(); string getname(); int getage(); void setname(string); void setage(int); void display(); ~MemberInfo(); string name; int age; Native M_Info1 Native M_Info

15 What happens with = and ==? M_Info Has members MemberInfo(MemberInfo %); String ^name; Does not allow this sequence of statements MemberInfo ^n1, ^n2; *n1 = *n2; // error C2582: 'operator =' function is unavailable Allows this sequence of statements: if (n1 == n2) cout << "equal \n"; Native M_Info Has members MemberInfo(MemberInfo &); string name; Allows this sequence of statements: MemberInfo *n1, *n2; *n1 = *n2; Does not allow if (n1 == n2) cout << "equal \n"; Why should this allow ==? Executes the default assignment operator // error C2678: binary '==' : no operator found which takes a left-hand operand of type 'MemberInfo' (or there is no acceptable conversion)

16 What happens with = and ==? Native M_Info 1 Has members MemberInfo(MemberInfo *); string * name; int age; Allows MemberInfo *n1, *n2; *n1 = *n2; if (n1 == n2) cout << "equal \n"; Native M_Info 2 Has members MemberInfo(MemberInfo &); string* name; int age; Allows MemberInfo *n1, *n3; *n1 = *n3; if (n1 == n3) cout << "equal \n"; Why should this allow assignment and ==? Why should this allow assignment and ==? Moral of the story: Be sure you know what = (assignment) and == (equality test) really mean for your class!

17 Overloading Operators in C++ C++ allows the programmer to redefine the function of most built-in operators on a class-by-class basis the operator keyword is used to declare a function that specifies what an operator symbol (such as = or +) means when it is applied to instances of a class this gives the operator more than one meaning, and the compiler determines what meaning is intended by looking at the types of its operands syntax: type operator <operator-symbol> (parameter-list) Example: overloading the addition operator and the assignment operator for a class Complex that is intended to represent complex numbers

18 Example Class to represent complex numbers: header (class definition file) #pragma once #include <iostream> using namespace System; using namespace std; class Complex { public: Complex (); Complex (double r, double i); Complex operator+ (Complex &other); Complex & Complex::operator = (Complex &n); void display(); private: double re,im; ;

19 .cpp source (implementation) file for for class Complex #include "stdafx.h" #include " Complex.h" Complex::Complex (){ re = 0.0; im = 0.0; Complex::Complex(double r, double i){ re = r; im = i; Overloaded addition operator Complex Complex::operator + (Complex &other){ return Complex (re + other.re, im + other.im); Complex & Complex::operator = (Complex &n){ re = n.re; im = n.im; return *this; Overloaded assignment operator void Complex::display(){ cout << re << "," << im << endl;

20 Example of a small program using class Complex: #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include "Complex.h" using namespace System; using namespace std; int main(array<system::string ^> ^args) { Complex a = Complex(1.2, 3.4); Complex b(3.4, 5.6); Complex c; c = a + b; c.display(); return 0;

21 Not every operator can be overloaded! Operators that can be overloaded + - * / % ^ & ~! = < > += -= *= /= %= ^= &= = << >> >>= <<= ==!= <= >= && >*, -> [] () new delete new[] delete[] Operators that cannot be overloaded..* ::?: sizeof

Overloading Operators in C++

Overloading Operators in C++ Overloading Operators in C++ C++ allows the programmer to redefine the function of most built-in operators on a class-by-class basis the operator keyword is used to declare a function that specifies what

More information

Scope. Scope is such an important thing that we ll review what we know about scope now:

Scope. Scope is such an important thing that we ll review what we know about scope now: Scope Scope is such an important thing that we ll review what we know about scope now: Local (block) scope: A name declared within a block is accessible only within that block and blocks enclosed by it,

More information

Implementing an ADT with a Class

Implementing an ADT with a Class Implementing an ADT with a Class the header file contains the class definition the source code file normally contains the class s method definitions when using Visual C++ 2012, the source code and the

More information

Object Oriented Design

Object Oriented Design Object Oriented Design Chapter 9 Initializing a non-static data member in the class definition is a syntax error 1 9.2 Time Class Case Study In Fig. 9.1, the class definition is enclosed in the following

More information

Polymorphism Part 1 1

Polymorphism Part 1 1 Polymorphism Part 1 1 What is Polymorphism? Polymorphism refers to a programming language s ability to process objects differently depending on their data type or class. Number person real complex kid

More information

Roxana Dumitrescu. C++ in Financial Mathematics

Roxana Dumitrescu. C++ in Financial Mathematics Roxana Dumitrescu C++ in Financial Mathematics What have we learnt? Arrays; relation between arrays and pointers.. Returning arrays from functions Passing arrays to functions Intoduction to classes Plan

More information

3.Constructors and Destructors. Develop cpp program to implement constructor and destructor.

3.Constructors and Destructors. Develop cpp program to implement constructor and destructor. 3.Constructors and Destructors Develop cpp program to implement constructor and destructor. Constructors A constructor is a special member function whose task is to initialize the objects of its class.

More information

Fast Introduction to Object Oriented Programming and C++

Fast Introduction to Object Oriented Programming and C++ Fast Introduction to Object Oriented Programming and C++ Daniel G. Aliaga Note: a compilation of slides from Jacques de Wet, Ohio State University, Chad Willwerth, and Daniel Aliaga. Outline Programming

More information

CS32 - Week 4. Umut Oztok. Jul 15, Umut Oztok CS32 - Week 4

CS32 - Week 4. Umut Oztok. Jul 15, Umut Oztok CS32 - Week 4 CS32 - Week 4 Umut Oztok Jul 15, 2016 Inheritance Process of deriving a new class using another class as a base. Base/Parent/Super Class Derived/Child/Sub Class Inheritance class Animal{ Animal(); ~Animal();

More information

Reference Parameters A reference parameter is an alias for its corresponding argument in the function call. Use the ampersand (&) to indicate that

Reference Parameters A reference parameter is an alias for its corresponding argument in the function call. Use the ampersand (&) to indicate that Reference Parameters There are two ways to pass arguments to functions: pass-by-value and pass-by-reference. pass-by-value A copy of the argument s value is made and passed to the called function. Changes

More information

Introduction to Classes

Introduction to Classes Introduction to Classes Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming Procedural programming focuses on the process/actions that occur in a program Object-Oriented

More information

CSCE 110 PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS

CSCE 110 PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS CSCE 110 PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS WITH C++ Prof. Amr Goneid AUC Part 15. Dictionaries (1): A Key Table Class Prof. amr Goneid, AUC 1 Dictionaries(1): A Key Table Class Prof. Amr Goneid, AUC 2 A Key Table

More information

Lab 2: ADT Design & Implementation

Lab 2: ADT Design & Implementation Lab 2: ADT Design & Implementation By Dr. Yingwu Zhu, Seattle University 1. Goals In this lab, you are required to use a dynamic array to design and implement an ADT SortedList that maintains a sorted

More information

Ch02. True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Ch02. True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Ch02 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. The base class inherits all its properties from the derived class. 2. Inheritance is an is-a relationship. 3. In single inheritance,

More information

Chapter 13: Introduction to Classes Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming

Chapter 13: Introduction to Classes Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming Chapter 13: Introduction to Classes 1 13.1 Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming 2 Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming Procedural programming focuses on the process/actions that occur in a

More information

Introduction to C++ Systems Programming

Introduction to C++ Systems Programming Introduction to C++ Systems Programming Introduction to C++ Syntax differences between C and C++ A Simple C++ Example C++ Input/Output C++ Libraries C++ Header Files Another Simple C++ Example Inline Functions

More information

What is Polymorphism? Quotes from Deitel & Deitel s. Why polymorphism? How? How? Polymorphism Part 1

What is Polymorphism? Quotes from Deitel & Deitel s. Why polymorphism? How? How? Polymorphism Part 1 Polymorphism Part 1 What is Polymorphism? Polymorphism refers to a programming language s ability to process objects differently depending on their data type or class. Number person real complex kid adult

More information

POLYMORPHISM 2 PART Abstract Classes Static and Dynamic Casting Common Programming Errors

POLYMORPHISM 2 PART Abstract Classes Static and Dynamic Casting Common Programming Errors POLYMORPHISM 2 PART Abstract Classes Static and Dynamic Casting Common Programming Errors CSC 330 OO Software Design 1 Abstract Base Classes class B { // base class virtual void m( ) =0; // pure virtual

More information

POLYMORPHISM 2 PART. Shared Interface. Discussions. Abstract Base Classes. Abstract Base Classes and Pure Virtual Methods EXAMPLE

POLYMORPHISM 2 PART. Shared Interface. Discussions. Abstract Base Classes. Abstract Base Classes and Pure Virtual Methods EXAMPLE Abstract Base Classes POLYMORPHISM 2 PART Abstract Classes Static and Dynamic Casting Common Programming Errors class B { // base class virtual void m( ) =0; // pure virtual function class D1 : public

More information

CSC1322 Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

CSC1322 Object-Oriented Programming Concepts CSC1322 Object-Oriented Programming Concepts Instructor: Yukong Zhang February 18, 2016 Fundamental Concepts: The following is a summary of the fundamental concepts of object-oriented programming in C++.

More information

C:\Temp\Templates. Download This PDF From The Web Site

C:\Temp\Templates. Download This PDF From The Web Site 11 2 2 2 3 3 3 C:\Temp\Templates Download This PDF From The Web Site 4 5 Use This Main Program Copy-Paste Code From The Next Slide? Compile Program 6 Copy/Paste Main # include "Utilities.hpp" # include

More information

CS2141 Software Development using C/C++ C++ Basics

CS2141 Software Development using C/C++ C++ Basics CS2141 Software Development using C/C++ C++ Basics Integers Basic Types Can be short, long, or just plain int C++ does not define the size of them other than short

More information

Interview Questions of C++

Interview Questions of C++ Interview Questions of C++ Q-1 What is the full form of OOPS? Ans: Object Oriented Programming System. Q-2 What is a class? Ans: Class is a blue print which reflects the entities attributes and actions.

More information

Cpt S 122 Data Structures. Introduction to C++ Part II

Cpt S 122 Data Structures. Introduction to C++ Part II Cpt S 122 Data Structures Introduction to C++ Part II Nirmalya Roy School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Washington State University Topics Objectives Defining class with a member function

More information

Welcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 8/19/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program:

Welcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 8/19/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program: Welcome Back CSCI 262 Data Structures 2 - Review What you learned in CSCI 261 (or equivalent): Variables Types Arrays Expressions Conditionals Branches & Loops Functions Recursion Classes & Objects Streams

More information

Chapter 6: User-Defined Functions. Objectives (cont d.) Objectives. Introduction. Predefined Functions 12/2/2016

Chapter 6: User-Defined Functions. Objectives (cont d.) Objectives. Introduction. Predefined Functions 12/2/2016 Chapter 6: User-Defined Functions Objectives In this chapter, you will: Learn about standard (predefined) functions Learn about user-defined functions Examine value-returning functions Construct and use

More information

Introduction Of Classes ( OOPS )

Introduction Of Classes ( OOPS ) Introduction Of Classes ( OOPS ) Classes (I) A class is an expanded concept of a data structure: instead of holding only data, it can hold both data and functions. An object is an instantiation of a class.

More information

CS201 Some Important Definitions

CS201 Some Important Definitions CS201 Some Important Definitions For Viva Preparation 1. What is a program? A program is a precise sequence of steps to solve a particular problem. 2. What is a class? We write a C++ program using data

More information

Introducing C++ to Java Programmers

Introducing C++ to Java Programmers Introducing C++ to Java Programmers by Kip Irvine updated 2/27/2003 1 Philosophy of C++ Bjarne Stroustrup invented C++ in the early 1980's at Bell Laboratories First called "C with classes" Design Goals:

More information

(5 2) Introduction to Classes in C++ Instructor - Andrew S. O Fallon CptS 122 (February 7, 2018) Washington State University

(5 2) Introduction to Classes in C++ Instructor - Andrew S. O Fallon CptS 122 (February 7, 2018) Washington State University (5 2) Introduction to Classes in C++ Instructor - Andrew S. O Fallon CptS 122 (February 7, 2018) Washington State University Key Concepts Function templates Defining classes with member functions The Rule

More information

Lecture 5. Function Pointers

Lecture 5. Function Pointers Lecture 5 Pointers to functions Complicated declarations Allocating and deallocating memory Classes const member functions Constructors and destructor this pointer static members Templates Lec 5 Programming

More information

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming CHAPTER 2 Introduction to C++ ( Hexadecimal 0xF4 and Octal literals 031) cout Object

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming CHAPTER 2 Introduction to C++ ( Hexadecimal 0xF4 and Octal literals 031) cout Object CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming 1 1.1 Why Program? 1 1.2 Computer Systems: Hardware and Software 2 1.3 Programs and Programming Languages 8 1.4 What is a Program Made of? 14 1.5 Input,

More information

7.1 Optional Parameters

7.1 Optional Parameters Chapter 7: C++ Bells and Whistles A number of C++ features are introduced in this chapter: default parameters, const class members, and operator extensions. 7.1 Optional Parameters Purpose and Rules. Default

More information

Short Notes of CS201

Short Notes of CS201 #includes: Short Notes of CS201 The #include directive instructs the preprocessor to read and include a file into a source code file. The file name is typically enclosed with < and > if the file is a system

More information

Welcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 1/9/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program:

Welcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 1/9/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program: Welcome Back CSCI 262 Data Structures 2 - Review What you learned in CSCI 261 (or equivalent): Variables Types Arrays Expressions Conditionals Branches & Loops Functions Recursion Classes & Objects Streams

More information

Government Polytechnic, Muzaffarpur. Name of the Lab: OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Government Polytechnic, Muzaffarpur. Name of the Lab: OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING Government Polytechnic, Muzaffarpur. Name of the Lab: OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING THROUGH C++ Practical: OOPS THROUGH C++ Subject Code: 1618407 PROGRAM NO.1 Programming exercise on executing a Basic C++

More information

Operator overloading

Operator overloading 1 Introduction 2 The copy constructor 3 Operator Overloading 4 Eg 1: Adding two vectors 5 The -> operator 6 The this pointer 7 Overloading = 8 Unary operators 9 Overloading for the matrix class 10 The

More information

CS201 - Introduction to Programming Glossary By

CS201 - Introduction to Programming Glossary By CS201 - Introduction to Programming Glossary By #include : The #include directive instructs the preprocessor to read and include a file into a source code file. The file name is typically enclosed with

More information

More Functions. Pass by Value. Example: Exchange two numbers. Storage Classes. Passing Parameters by Reference. Pass by value and by reference

More Functions. Pass by Value. Example: Exchange two numbers. Storage Classes. Passing Parameters by Reference. Pass by value and by reference Pass by Value More Functions Different location in memory Changes to the parameters inside the function body have no effect outside of the function. 2 Passing Parameters by Reference Example: Exchange

More information

PIC 10A Objects/Classes

PIC 10A Objects/Classes PIC 10A Objects/Classes Ernest Ryu UCLA Mathematics Last edited: November 13, 2017 User-defined types In C++, we can define our own custom types. Object is synonymous to variable, and class is synonymous

More information

Object-Oriented Design (OOD) and C++

Object-Oriented Design (OOD) and C++ Chapter 2 Object-Oriented Design (OOD) and C++ At a Glance Instructor s Manual Table of Contents Chapter Overview Chapter Objectives Instructor Notes Quick Quizzes Discussion Questions Projects to Assign

More information

C++ Mini Lessons Last Update: Feb 7, 2018

C++ Mini Lessons Last Update: Feb 7, 2018 C++ Mini Lessons Last Update: Feb 7, 2018 From http://www.onlineprogramminglessons.com These C++ mini lessons will teach you all the C++ Programming statements you need to know, so you can write 90% of

More information

Constructor - example

Constructor - example Constructors A constructor is a special member function whose task is to initialize the objects of its class. It is special because its name is same as the class name. The constructor is invoked whenever

More information

Object-Oriented Programming

Object-Oriented Programming - oriented - iuliana@cs.ubbcluj.ro Babes-Bolyai University 2018 1 / 56 Overview - oriented 1 2 -oriented 3 4 5 6 7 8 Static and friend elements 9 Summary 2 / 56 I - oriented was initially created by Bjarne

More information

Module Operator Overloading and Type Conversion. Table of Contents

Module Operator Overloading and Type Conversion. Table of Contents 1 Module - 33 Operator Overloading and Type Conversion Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Operator Overloading 3. this pointer 4. Overloading Unary Operators 5. Overloading Binary Operators 6. Overloading

More information

Note 12/1/ Review of Inheritance Practice: Please write down 10 most important facts you know about inheritance...

Note 12/1/ Review of Inheritance Practice: Please write down 10 most important facts you know about inheritance... CISC 2000 Computer Science II Fall, 2014 Note 12/1/2014 1 Review of Inheritance Practice: Please write down 10 most important facts you know about inheritance... (a) What s the purpose of inheritance?

More information

Midterm Review. PIC 10B Spring 2018

Midterm Review. PIC 10B Spring 2018 Midterm Review PIC 10B Spring 2018 Q1 What is size t and when should it be used? A1 size t is an unsigned integer type used for indexing containers and holding the size of a container. It is guarenteed

More information

AN OVERVIEW OF C++ 1

AN OVERVIEW OF C++ 1 AN OVERVIEW OF C++ 1 OBJECTIVES Introduction What is object-oriented programming? Two versions of C++ C++ console I/O C++ comments Classes: A first look Some differences between C and C++ Introducing function

More information

Lesson 13 - Vectors Dynamic Data Storage

Lesson 13 - Vectors Dynamic Data Storage Lesson 13 - Vectors Dynamic Data Storage Summary In this lesson we introduce the Standard Template Library by demonstrating the use of Vectors to provide dynamic storage of data elements. New Concepts

More information

Chapter 9 Classes : A Deeper Look, Part 1

Chapter 9 Classes : A Deeper Look, Part 1 Chapter 9 Classes : A Deeper Look, Part 1 C++, How to Program Deitel & Deitel Fall 2016 CISC1600 Yanjun Li 1 Time Class Case Study Time Class Definition: private data members: int hour; int minute; int

More information

CS3157: Advanced Programming. Outline

CS3157: Advanced Programming. Outline CS3157: Advanced Programming Lecture #12 Apr 3 Shlomo Hershkop shlomo@cs.columbia.edu 1 Outline Intro CPP Boring stuff: Language basics: identifiers, data types, operators, type conversions, branching

More information

TEMPLATE IN C++ Function Templates

TEMPLATE IN C++ Function Templates TEMPLATE IN C++ Templates are powerful features of C++ which allows you to write generic programs. In simple terms, you can create a single function or a class to work with different data types using templates.

More information

ADTs in C++ In C++, member functions can be defined as part of a struct

ADTs in C++ In C++, member functions can be defined as part of a struct In C++, member functions can be defined as part of a struct ADTs in C++ struct Complex { ; void Complex::init(double r, double i) { im = i; int main () { Complex c1, c2; c1.init(3.0, 2.0); c2.init(4.0,

More information

C How to Program, 6/e, 7/e

C How to Program, 6/e, 7/e C How to Program, 6/e, 7/e prepared by SENEM KUMOVA METİN modified by UFUK ÇELİKKAN and ILKER KORKMAZ The textbook s contents are also used 1992-2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Two

More information

CAAM 420 Fall 2012 Lecture 29. Duncan Eddy

CAAM 420 Fall 2012 Lecture 29. Duncan Eddy CAAM 420 Fall 2012 Lecture 29 Duncan Eddy November 7, 2012 Table of Contents 1 Templating in C++ 3 1.1 Motivation.............................................. 3 1.2 Templating Functions........................................

More information

III. Classes (Chap. 3)

III. Classes (Chap. 3) III. Classes III-1 III. Classes (Chap. 3) As we have seen, C++ data types can be classified as: Fundamental (or simple or scalar): A data object of one of these types is a single object. int, double, char,

More information

Chapter 2. Procedural Programming

Chapter 2. Procedural Programming Chapter 2 Procedural Programming 2: Preview Basic concepts that are similar in both Java and C++, including: standard data types control structures I/O functions Dynamic memory management, and some basic

More information

l Operators such as =, +, <, can be defined to l The function names are operator followed by the l Otherwise they are like normal member functions:

l Operators such as =, +, <, can be defined to l The function names are operator followed by the l Otherwise they are like normal member functions: Operator Overloading & Templates Week 6 Gaddis: 14.5, 16.2-16.4 CS 5301 Spring 2018 Jill Seaman Operator Overloading l Operators such as =, +,

More information

2 2

2 2 1 2 2 3 3 C:\Temp\Templates 4 5 Use This Main Program 6 # include "Utilities.hpp" # include "Student.hpp" Copy/Paste Main void MySwap (int Value1, int Value2); int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { int A

More information

Agenda. The main body and cout. Fundamental data types. Declarations and definitions. Control structures

Agenda. The main body and cout. Fundamental data types. Declarations and definitions. Control structures The main body and cout Agenda 1 Fundamental data types Declarations and definitions Control structures References, pass-by-value vs pass-by-references The main body and cout 2 C++ IS AN OO EXTENSION OF

More information

Instantiation of Template class

Instantiation of Template class Class Templates Templates are like advanced macros. They are useful for building new classes that depend on already existing user defined classes or built-in types. Example: stack of int or stack of double

More information

2 ADT Programming User-defined abstract data types

2 ADT Programming User-defined abstract data types Preview 2 ADT Programming User-defined abstract data types user-defined data types in C++: classes constructors and destructors const accessor functions, and inline functions special initialization construct

More information

! Operators such as =, +, <, can be defined to. ! The function names are operator followed by the. ! Otherwise they are like normal member functions:

! Operators such as =, +, <, can be defined to. ! The function names are operator followed by the. ! Otherwise they are like normal member functions: Operator Overloading, Lists and Templates Week 6 Gaddis: 14.5, 16.2-16.4 CS 5301 Spring 2016 Jill Seaman Operator Overloading! Operators such as =, +,

More information

A brief introduction to C++

A brief introduction to C++ A brief introduction to C++ Rupert Nash r.nash@epcc.ed.ac.uk 13 June 2018 1 References Bjarne Stroustrup, Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++ (2nd Ed.). Assumes very little but it s long Bjarne

More information

Recharge (int, int, int); //constructor declared void disply();

Recharge (int, int, int); //constructor declared void disply(); Constructor and destructors in C++ Constructor Constructor is a special member function of the class which is invoked automatically when new object is created. The purpose of constructor is to initialize

More information

CS201- Introduction to Programming Current Quizzes

CS201- Introduction to Programming Current Quizzes CS201- Introduction to Programming Current Quizzes Q.1 char name [] = Hello World ; In the above statement, a memory of characters will be allocated 13 11 12 (Ans) Q.2 A function is a block of statements

More information

Homework 5. Yuji Shimojo CMSC 330. Instructor: Prof. Reginald Y. Haseltine

Homework 5. Yuji Shimojo CMSC 330. Instructor: Prof. Reginald Y. Haseltine Homework 5 Yuji Shimojo CMSC 330 Instructor: Prof. Reginald Y. Haseltine July 13, 2013 Question 1 Consider the following Java definition of a mutable string class. class MutableString private char[] chars

More information

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING Classes and Objects So far you have explored the structure of a simple program that starts execution at main() and enables you to declare local and global variables and constants and branch your execution

More information

CSCI 123 Introduction to Programming Concepts in C++

CSCI 123 Introduction to Programming Concepts in C++ CSCI 123 Introduction to Programming Concepts in C++ Brad Rippe Brad Rippe More Classes and Dynamic Arrays Overview 11.4 Classes and Dynamic Arrays Constructors, Destructors, Copy Constructors Separation

More information

Lecture 7. Log into Linux New documents posted to course webpage

Lecture 7. Log into Linux New documents posted to course webpage Lecture 7 Log into Linux New documents posted to course webpage Coding style guideline; part of project grade is following this Homework 4, due on Monday; this is a written assignment Project 1, due next

More information

Abstraction in Software Development

Abstraction in Software Development Abstract Data Types Programmer-created data types that specify values that can be stored (type of data) operations that can be done on the values The user of an abstract data type (ADT) does not need to

More information

Cpt S 122 Data Structures. Course Review Midterm Exam # 2

Cpt S 122 Data Structures. Course Review Midterm Exam # 2 Cpt S 122 Data Structures Course Review Midterm Exam # 2 Nirmalya Roy School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Washington State University Midterm Exam 2 When: Monday (11/05) 12:10 pm -1pm

More information

COEN244: Class & function templates

COEN244: Class & function templates COEN244: Class & function templates Aishy Amer Electrical & Computer Engineering Templates Function Templates Class Templates Outline Templates and inheritance Introduction to C++ Standard Template Library

More information

Distributed Real-Time Control Systems. Lecture 17 C++ Programming Intro to C++ Objects and Classes

Distributed Real-Time Control Systems. Lecture 17 C++ Programming Intro to C++ Objects and Classes Distributed Real-Time Control Systems Lecture 17 C++ Programming Intro to C++ Objects and Classes 1 Bibliography Classical References Covers C++ 11 2 What is C++? A computer language with object oriented

More information

Increases Program Structure which results in greater reliability. Polymorphism

Increases Program Structure which results in greater reliability. Polymorphism UNIT 4 C++ Inheritance What is Inheritance? Inheritance is the process by which new classes called derived classes are created from existing classes called base classes. The derived classes have all the

More information

Implementing Abstract Data Types (ADT) using Classes

Implementing Abstract Data Types (ADT) using Classes Implementing Abstract Data Types (ADT) using Classes Class Definition class classname { public: //public member functions private: //private data members and member functions }; // Note the semicolon!

More information

CMSC 341 Lecture 6 Templates, Stacks & Queues. Based on slides by Shawn Lupoli & Katherine Gibson at UMBC

CMSC 341 Lecture 6 Templates, Stacks & Queues. Based on slides by Shawn Lupoli & Katherine Gibson at UMBC CMSC 341 Lecture 6 Templates, Stacks & Queues Based on slides by Shawn Lupoli & Katherine Gibson at UMBC Today s Topics Data types in C++ Overloading functions Templates How to implement them Possible

More information

Classes. Christian Schumacher, Info1 D-MAVT 2013

Classes. Christian Schumacher, Info1 D-MAVT 2013 Classes Christian Schumacher, chschuma@inf.ethz.ch Info1 D-MAVT 2013 Object-Oriented Programming Defining and using classes Constructors & destructors Operators friend, this, const Example Student management

More information

And Even More and More C++ Fundamentals of Computer Science

And Even More and More C++ Fundamentals of Computer Science And Even More and More C++ Fundamentals of Computer Science Outline C++ Classes Special Members Friendship Classes are an expanded version of data structures (structs) Like structs, the hold data members

More information

Object Oriented Design Final Exam (From 3:30 pm to 4:45 pm) Name:

Object Oriented Design Final Exam (From 3:30 pm to 4:45 pm) Name: Object Oriented Design Final Exam (From 3:30 pm to 4:45 pm) Name: Section 1 Multiple Choice Questions (40 pts total, 2 pts each): Q1: Employee is a base class and HourlyWorker is a derived class, with

More information

Classes: Member functions // classes example #include <iostream> using namespace std; Objects : Reminder. Member functions: Methods.

Classes: Member functions // classes example #include <iostream> using namespace std; Objects : Reminder. Member functions: Methods. Classes: Methods, Constructors, Destructors and Assignment For : COP 3330. Object oriented Programming (Using C++) http://www.compgeom.com/~piyush/teach/3330 Piyush Kumar Classes: Member functions // classes

More information

Class and Function Templates

Class and Function Templates Class and Function 1 Motivation for One Way to Look at... Example: Queue of some type Foo C++ What can a parameter be used for? Instantiating a Template Usage of Compiler view of templates... Implementing

More information

ADTs & Classes. An introduction

ADTs & Classes. An introduction ADTs & Classes An introduction Quick review of OOP Object: combination of: data structures (describe object attributes) functions (describe object behaviors) Class: C++ mechanism used to represent an object

More information

Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

Inheritance, and Polymorphism. Inheritance and Polymorphism by Yukong Zhang Object-oriented programming languages are the most widely used modern programming languages. They model programming based on objects which are very close to

More information

Come and join us at WebLyceum

Come and join us at WebLyceum Come and join us at WebLyceum For Past Papers, Quiz, Assignments, GDBs, Video Lectures etc Go to http://www.weblyceum.com and click Register In Case of any Problem Contact Administrators Rana Muhammad

More information

Motivation for Templates. Class and Function Templates. One Way to Look at Templates...

Motivation for Templates. Class and Function Templates. One Way to Look at Templates... Class and Function 1 Motivation for 2 Motivation for One Way to Look at... Example: Queue of some type Foo C++ What can a parameter be used for? Instantiating a Template Usage of Compiler view of templates...

More information

SRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR

SRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR SRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR 603203 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS QUESTION BANK (2017-2018) Course / Branch : M.Sc CST Semester / Year : EVEN / II Subject Name

More information

Paytm Programming Sample paper: 1) A copy constructor is called. a. when an object is returned by value

Paytm Programming Sample paper: 1) A copy constructor is called. a. when an object is returned by value Paytm Programming Sample paper: 1) A copy constructor is called a. when an object is returned by value b. when an object is passed by value as an argument c. when compiler generates a temporary object

More information

CSI33 Data Structures

CSI33 Data Structures Outline Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Bronx Community College November 22, 2017 Outline Outline 1 Chapter 12: C++ Templates Outline Chapter 12: C++ Templates 1 Chapter 12: C++ Templates

More information

CPSC 427: Object-Oriented Programming

CPSC 427: Object-Oriented Programming CPSC 427: Object-Oriented Programming Michael J. Fischer Lecture 7 September 21, 2016 CPSC 427, Lecture 7 1/21 Brackets Example (continued) Storage Management CPSC 427, Lecture 7 2/21 Brackets Example

More information

C++ PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE: CLASSES. CAAM 519, CHAPTER 13

C++ PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE: CLASSES. CAAM 519, CHAPTER 13 C++ PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE: CLASSES. CAAM 519, CHAPTER 13 This chapter focuses on introducing the notion of classes in the C++ programming language. We describe how to create class and use an object of a

More information

More About Classes. Gaddis Ch. 14, CS 2308 :: Fall 2015 Molly O'Neil

More About Classes. Gaddis Ch. 14, CS 2308 :: Fall 2015 Molly O'Neil More About Classes Gaddis Ch. 14, 13.3 CS 2308 :: Fall 2015 Molly O'Neil Pointers to Objects Just like pointers to structures, we can define pointers to objects Time t1(12, 20, true); Time *tptr; tptr

More information

Templates (again) Professor Hugh C. Lauer CS-2303, System Programming Concepts

Templates (again) Professor Hugh C. Lauer CS-2303, System Programming Concepts Templates (again) Professor Hugh C. Lauer CS-2303, System Programming Concepts (Slides include materials from The C Programming Language, 2 nd edition, by Kernighan and Ritchie, Absolute C++, by Walter

More information

PIC 10A. Lecture 17: Classes III, overloading

PIC 10A. Lecture 17: Classes III, overloading PIC 10A Lecture 17: Classes III, overloading Function overloading Having multiple constructors with same name is example of something called function overloading. You are allowed to have functions with

More information

Operator Overloading and Templates. Linear Search. Linear Search in C++ second attempt. Linear Search in C++ first attempt

Operator Overloading and Templates. Linear Search. Linear Search in C++ second attempt. Linear Search in C++ first attempt Operator Overloading and Templates Week 6 Gaddis: 8.1, 14.5, 16.2-16.4 CS 5301 Fall 2015 Jill Seaman Linear Search! Search: find a given target item in an array, return the index of the item, or -1 if

More information

Computational Physics

Computational Physics Computational Physics numerical methods with C++ (and UNIX) 2018-19 Fernando Barao Instituto Superior Tecnico, Dep. Fisica email: fernando.barao@tecnico.ulisboa.pt Computational Physics 2018-19 (Phys Dep

More information

Come and join us at WebLyceum

Come and join us at WebLyceum Come and join us at WebLyceum For Past Papers, Quiz, Assignments, GDBs, Video Lectures etc Go to http://www.weblyceum.com and click Register In Case of any Problem Contact Administrators Rana Muhammad

More information

Modern C++ for Computer Vision and Image Processing. Igor Bogoslavskyi

Modern C++ for Computer Vision and Image Processing. Igor Bogoslavskyi Modern C++ for Computer Vision and Image Processing Igor Bogoslavskyi Outline Move semantics Classes Operator overloading Making your class copyable Making your class movable Rule of all or nothing Inheritance

More information

Programming C++ Lecture 3. Howest, Fall 2012 Instructor: Dr. Jennifer B. Sartor

Programming C++ Lecture 3. Howest, Fall 2012 Instructor: Dr. Jennifer B. Sartor Programming C++ Lecture 3 Howest, Fall 2012 Instructor: Dr. Jennifer B. Sartor Jennifer.sartor@elis.ugent.be S Inheritance S Software reuse inherit a class s data and behaviors and enhance with new capabilities.

More information

Operator Overloading in C++ Systems Programming

Operator Overloading in C++ Systems Programming Operator Overloading in C++ Systems Programming Operator Overloading Fundamentals of Operator Overloading Restrictions on Operator Overloading Operator Functions as Class Members vs. Global Functions Overloading

More information