S/W Programming & Languages

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Felicia McDowell
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1 S/W Programming & Languages Overview Programming five steps Five generations High-level programming Object-oriented programming Internet programming 2

2 Programming What are the five steps of the programdevelopment cycle? 3 A Program Also called software List of instructions that processes data into information Should include software engineering only partly involves coding or using the programming vocabulary Languages Visual Basic, Java, C++, COBOL 4

3 Programming Steps Analysis Design Code Test Document Maintain 5 Analysis Clarify objectives and needs on all levels of an organization that the program may affect Clarify outputs overall performance response time forms and reports 6

4 Analysis Is Clarifying Clarify inputs kind and format of input data insure exception data handled properly ask again what exceptions or data is out of the norm insure good data input through ranges, checks on validity Clarify processing ensure correct processing, including data storage and the passing of variables or messages between modules and individual programs 7 Feasibility Analysis Each programming step requires feasibility checks economic operational technical 8

5 Documentation of Analysis Documentation the outcome of analysis is the Requirements Statement clarifies well defines the inputs and outputs is the basis for test cases 9 Design the Program Structured t program top-down approach, using hierarchy chart designs in modules starts with control structure as each part is completed, it is tested preliminary to ensure functionality 10

Rules of Modular Design Manageable size less than fifty or so lines each module Independent with a single function Functions of input and output are clearly defined Single entry and exit point

6 Rules of Modular Design Manageable size less than fifty or so lines each module Independent with a single function Functions of input and output are clearly defined Single entry and exit point Returns control to originating module 11 Design Details Program flowcharts steps or algorithms Control structures Pseudocode narrative form Spaghetti code what happens when you do not follow proper design methodology 12

7 Four Design Control Structures Sequence step-by-step Selection if-then-else Case single yes or no per choice Iteration looping until a condition is met looping while a condition is met 13 Design s Walkthrough A structured walkthrough a formal meeting to review step by step errors, omissions, duplications general coding, interface, database, security, documentation, and network standards 14

8 Coding Select the programming language consider language capabilities, execution speed, and interface capabilities Follow syntax the compiler understands exactly what you program 15 Testing Desk checking walking through the code while keeping track of variables on a piece of paper, proofreading 16

Code Debugging Debugging detecting, locating, and removing errors syntax errors, using program diagnostics or debug utility logical errors - incorrect control or functional errors 17 The Alpha

9 Code Debugging Debugging detecting, locating, and removing errors syntax errors, using program diagnostics or debug utility logical errors - incorrect control or functional errors 17 The Alpha Alpha-testing in-house testing of code with portions of real-world, deliberately incorrect inputs and databases, usually modified for practicality test cases refer to the Requirements Statement t t of Analysis sometimes performed by the Software Quality Assurance group 18

10 The Beta Beta-testing is traditionally testing a program in the real-world by those who are likely to use it its purpose is to reveal inadequacies and programming bugs in live conditions 19 Program Document Written, graphic, and electronic descriptions of what a program does, how the program is organized, and programming suggestions for future maintenance Customized by level of detail programmer, operator, user Shift from large manuals to small printed setup documentation, large electronic help files included during program installation, and additional online assistance and updates 20

11 Program Maintenance An art in itself Requires system and program skills Corrective - fix Preventive - make better or more efficient Enhancement - changes due to regulation or to add additional functionality 21

ITC213: STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING. Bhaskar Shrestha National College of Computer Studies Tribhuvan University

ITC213: STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING Bhaskar Shrestha National College of Computer Studies Tribhuvan University Lecture 03: Program Development Life Cycle Readings: Not Covered in Textbook Program Development