INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJECET)

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1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJECET) ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) Volume 4, Issue 7 (2013), pp IAEME: Journal Impact Factor (2013): (Calculated by GISI) IJECET I A E M E Performance Comparison of UMTS and LTE on The Basis of Data Rates Monika Jangir 1, Dr. Sanjay Bhargava 2, O S Lamba 3 1 M.tech Computer science, DIT Dehradun, India 2 Professor & HOD (CSE & IT), DIT Dehradun,India 3 Senior Principal Scientist, CEERI Pilani, India 1 monika.pilani@gmail.com, 2 sanjaybhargava78@gmail.com, 3 osl@ceeri.ernet.in ABSTRACT: Communication and technology have improved by leaps and bounds. The sky is no longer the limit. It is one of the fastest growing fields in science and technology. Mobile communications technologies are aiming at responding to the growing demand for higher connectivity. In telecommunication LTE (4G) is the fourth generation of mobile phone mobile communication technology standards, it is a successor of UMTS (3G), third generation standards. Standards specify how airwaves must be used for transmitting information (voice and data).transmission speed increases as technology enhancement takes place. Order of increased speed is 2G, 3G then 4G respectively. Over the past two decades, the way people communicate, stay informed, and are entertained has changed dramatically. There have been two major technologies driving this change: the Internet and mobile wireless communication. We have grown accustomed to the wealth of information available through the Internet and the mobility provided with wireless communications. Now these two forces are merging to enable the mobile Internet. With this convergence, mobile data services have grown significantly each year. KEYWORDS: Data Throughput, LTE, Networks, Standards, UMTS I. INTRODUCTION In a world of fast changing technology, there is a rising requirement for people to communicate and get connected with each other and have appropriate and timely access to information regardless of the location of the each individuals or the information. Consumers demand more from their technology. Whether it is a television, cellular phone, or refrigerator, the latest technology purchase must have new features. It is no longer a quantum leap to envision a time when access to all necessary information the power of a personal computer sits in the palm of one s hand. To support such a powerful system, we need pervasive, high-speed wireless connectivity. Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is being adopted around the world as the primary cell-phone communications service. It will be the likely choice for operators in developed markets, as well as many emerging markets. B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 89

2 Fig. 1: Flexible Upgrade Path II. UMTS(3G) AND LTE (4G) AT A GLANCE The demand for an always on connection to the different services on web and personal communication services has supported the development of broadband connection services. This is directly reflected in huge mobile broadband capable system s namely Universal Mobile Communication System (UMTS) in the latest High Speed Packet Access Evolved (HSPA), considered as 3 rd generation (3G) technology and the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system considered as 4 th generation (4G) technology. There is no official definition by a standards group of what constitutes 3G. The term evolved in the wireless industry and generally includes the International Standards Union s (ITU) IMT technology definition and related features.3g provides better data rates as in comparison to 2G but it s slower than 4G in terms of data rates. A. Overview of 3G 3G is currently the world s best connection method when it comes to mobile phones, and especially for mobile Internet. 3G telecommunications, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT-2000) specified by the International Telecommunication Union.] Application services include wide- area wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access, video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment. To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system is required to provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s. The main characteristics of 3G are to provide mobile multimedia services at transmission rate of 144Kbps at the high speed,384kbps at speed of walking and 2Mbps indoor.3g network can offer faster data transmission than the slowest LAN connection and GPRS. UMTS s network architecture Fig:2 consists of number of elements that can be grouped into three sub networks-user Equipment(UE), UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network(UTRAN) and Core Network(CN). Fig. 2: Architecture of UMTS B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 90

3 B. 3G Standards The UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ) (system, first offered in 2001, standardized by 3GPP, used primarily in Europe, Japan, China (however with a different radio interface) and other regions predominated by GSM 2G system infrastructure. The cell phones are typically UMTS and GSM hybrids. Several radio interfaces are offered, sharing the same infrastructure: original and most widespread radio interface is called W-CDMA The The TDMA radio interface was commercialized in 2009 and is only offered in Tibet The latest UMTS release, HSPA+, can provide peak data rates up to 56 Mbit/s in the downlink in theory (28 Mbit/s in existing services) and 22 Mbit/s in the uplink. C. Overview of 4G LTE (long term evolution) or 4G usually refers to the successor of the 3G and 2G standards. In USA, 4G is associated with International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT Advanced), though 4G is a broader term and could include standards outside IMT- Advanced. In fact, the 3GPP is currently standardizing LTE Advanced as future 4G standard. A 4G system may upgrade existing communication networks and is expected to provide a comprehensive and secure IP based solution where facilities such as voice, data and streamed multimedia will be provided to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis and at much higher data rates compared to previous generations. One common characteristic of the new services to be provided by 4G is their demanding requirements in terms of QoS. Applications such as wireless broadband access, Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), video chat, mobile TV, HDTV content and Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) are being developed to use a 4G network. The 4G working group has defined the following as objectives of the 4G wireless communication standard: A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/hz and bits/s/hz/site). High network capacity: more simultaneous users per cell. A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s while the client physically moves at high speeds relative to the station, and 1 Gbit/s while client and station are in relatively fixed positions as defined by the ITU-R. A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world. Smooth handoff across heterogeneous networks. Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks. High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc.). Interoperability with existing wireless standards. An all IP, packet switched network. LTE is also a part of 3G technology. It was standardized by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in its research item Release 8.It is also known as 3.9G or Super 3G by some of the researchers. The LTE architecture fig:3 adopts a flat architecture, consists of four fundamental elements namely Evolved Radio Access Network(RAN), Serving Gateway(SGW), Mobility Management Entity(MME) and Packet Data Network Gateway(PDN GW). B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 91

4 Fig. 3: Architecture of LTE III. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 3G AND 4G As mentioned above, although there are many similarities between 3G and 4G, there are also many differences between these two technologies. The main difference between UMTS and LTE is the use of technology.there are number of technologies which comes under 3G including WCDMA and HSPA.WCDMA supports both data and voice services enhanced features include optimal performance for single and aggregated 5MHz carrier,it also enables Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) scheme for data rate improvements currently allows for a theoritical maximum of 42Mbps in downlink(dl) and 71.5Mbps in uplink(ul). In LTE, different technologies are ininvolved,both in air interface and core network, aiming at bringing higher spectral efficiency and network closer to the world of Internet Protocol(IP).LTE uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) for radio access,together with more advanced MIMO schemes, providing for theoritical maximum data rates of 326Mbps in DL and 86Mbps in UL. MIMO has a growing usage trend among many high data rate technologies in order to provide great efficiency, such as in Wi-Fi and other wireless and cellular technologies. LTE uses MIMO to increase the throughput OFDM changes a frequency selective fading channel in to multiple flat fading sub channels facilitating easy equalization. MIMO deploys multiple antennas on the receiver and transmitter to take advantage of multipath effect to transmit additional data without causing interference. MIMO schemes employed in LTE vary slightly on both DL and UL in order to get the law terminal cost. Parameters 3G 4G Data Throughput : Up to 3.1 Mbps with an average speed of 0.5 to 1.5 Mbps Practically speaking,2 to 12 Mbps but potential estimated at a range of 100 to 300 Mbps Peak Upload Rate 5 Mbps 500 Mbps Peak download 100 Mbps 1 Gbps Rates Switching Packet switching Packet switching,message switching techniques Network Architecture Wide area cell based Integration of wireless LAN and wide area B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 92

5 Services and CDMA 2000,UMTS,EDGE etc. Wimax and LTE-advance Applications Forward error correction (FEC) 3g uses Turbo codes for error correction Concatenated codes are used for error connection in 4G Frequency Band GHz 2 8 GHz UMTS LTE Call setup time 2s 50ms Mobility 250Km/h 350Km/h Bandwidth 5MHz Scalable upto 20MHz Web surfing 8 seconds Immediately Download 5MB music 3 minutes 1 second Download 750MB 6.5 hours 2.5 minutes movie Download HD videos ~2-3 days ~15 minutes Table 1: Comparison between two technologies Services for telecommunication system: Teleservices-Information that transferred between end users example:speech services, messaging, emergency calls. Bearer services- different QoS classes for various types of traffic. -Conversational: voice,video, telephony, video gaming -Streaming:multimedia,video on demand,webcast -Interactive:web browsing, network gaming, database access -Background: , SMS, downloads A. Objective of UMTS Improvement in the data performance, multimedia services and access to the internet. New radio interface WCDMA. Core Network: connection function B. Objective of LTE Higher data rates in both downlink and uplink transmission Reduce packet latency, more responsive user experience Flat architecture: IP-based, open interfaces, simplified network Flexible radio planning and high spectral efficiency Reduce delivery costs for rich communications Long-term revenue stability and growth Coexistence alongside circuit switched networks IV. CONCLUSION 4G is the generation of wireless communication that has capabilities of changing the way through which wireless world connects people. 4G can prove itself in today s world as it ensures a very high data rate, global roaming etc. Each day new things are evolving and are B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 93

6 creating more qualitative approach in the 4G network.4g also have some problems like incorporating the mobile world to the IP based core network, efficient billing system, smooth hand off mechanisms etc. are to be given special attention. 4G has been launched in many countries and the world is looking forward for the most intelligent technology that would connect the entire globe. With rapidly evolving mobile technology, phone developers are constantly looking for improved and faster voice and data connections. The current market is already beginning to push forward with fourth-generation or 4G, phone capabilities. The 3G technology that is being left behind has not been without its faults. Starting with the 2G standards that made services like short messaging service (SMS) extremely popular and the rollout of 3G services with faster downlink speeds, research has paved the way for further innovations and improvements. 4G is not far off from becoming a popular world standard. Technologies like LTE will only serve to augment changes in the ways we use our mobile phones today. From mobile payments and downloading full-length movies, to transferring huge files via Bluetooth 3.0, the mobile world is drastically evolving. REFERENCES [1] HeikkiKarjaluoto An Investigation of Third Generation (3G) Mobile Technologies and Services,Contemporary Management Research Pages ,Vol.2, No.2, September 2006 [2] S. Y. Hui, K. H. Yeung, Challenges in the migration to 4G mobile systems, Communications Magazine, IEEE, Volume: 41, Issue: 12, Dec. 2003, pp:54 59 [3] A white paper from the UMTS forum, 3G/UMTS towards mobile broadband and personal internet, October [4] RenukaBhalero, System Architect, 3g to 4G core network migration, white paper, February 2010 [5] Jamil.M, Shaikh, S.P, Shazad, Awais.Q 4G: The future mobile technology TENCON IEEE Region 10 Conference [6] Lu, W.W.; Berezdivin, R.; "Technologies on Fourth-Generation Mobile Communications", IEEE Wireless Communication, vol. 9, issue 2, April [7] krenik,b 4G wireless technology: When will it happen? What does it offer?, Solid state Circuit, 2008 A-SSCC 08, IEEE Asian [8] Dholakia,J.H,south Florida Univ.,Tampa,FL,USA, Jain,V.K Technologies for 3G wireless communications Information Technology, Coding and Computing 2001,Proceeding international conference,ieee. B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology (BKBIET), Pilani, India Page 94

4G Technology in contrast with other G Technologies Raja Solanki,Vineeet Godara, Prashant Solanki, Dhronacharya Engineering College,Gurgaon,India

4G Technology in contrast with other G Technologies Raja Solanki,Vineeet Godara, Prashant Solanki, Dhronacharya Engineering College,Gurgaon,India Technology in contrast with other G Technologies Raja Solanki,Vineeet Godara, Prashant Solanki, Dhronacharya Engineering College,Gurgaon,India Abstract-Wireless services have the highest demand in internet