2 & 3G Cellular Backhaul: Future Proof Approach
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1 5th RUSSIAN COMMUNICATIONS FORUM 2 & 3G Cellular Backhaul: Future Proof Approach November, 2004
2 Broadband Wireless Communications Company 2003 Sales: $1.3B 2,750 employees Based in Germantown, MD, U.S.A. More than 30 offices, design centers, and manufacturing facilities worldwide Global leader in wireless communications - systems everywhere in the world Broadband Everywhere satellite transmission services 2 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
3 Cellular Services Evolution 2G services: Low-rate voice SMS/text message Circuit-switched data ~64 kbps Initial 3G services: Packet data kbps per user Constant bit rate or best efforts Future 3G services: 1,000 to 2,000 kbps per user Pricing based on QOS committed rate, minimum committed rate, maximum burst rate, best efforts, etc. 3 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
4 Transmission Network Evolution Cell Site Interface GSM E1/T1 TDM WCDMA R'99 - Rel. 4 ATM on E1 IMA or STM-1 UMTS Rel. 5 IP/Ethernet CDMA 2000 CDMA One EV-DO EV-DV E1/T1 TDM IP/Ethernet IP/Ethernet Packet (ATM or IP) networks will predominate new deployments in 2-3 years 4 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
5 Backhaul Capacity Growth Today s GSM/CDMA networks fit voice users on an E1 backhaul link Initial 3G data rates ( kbps) accommodate only 4-5 users per E1 backhaul link Per-user cell backhaul requirement increases ~2,400% Transmission/backhaul cost ~15-25% of total network cost Access (cell site link) ~85-95% of transmission cost Access link ~15% of total network cost Network cost per user increases x?% in initial 3G 5 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
6 Cellular Backhaul Options Lease Lines High Cost Long Provision Times PTP Microwave Relative High Cost Fiber Optic Availability Cost VSAT Unique situations 6 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
7 Emerging Solution - PMP Wireless backhaul solution: Point-to-multipoint (PMP) architecture reduces cost, concentrates ATM / IP packet data Supports TDM, ATM, and IP interfaces for ease of migration GHz frequency bands required for high capacity per cell site (spectrum allocated in 3.5/10.5 GHz bands not adequate to support >2 Mbps per cell site) 7 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
8 Why Deploy LMDS? Operators must focus on profitability by: Optimizing invested capital Building multi-purpose platforms to capitalize on converging services rather than deploying single-purpose networks Increasing the per subscriber revenues LMDS can help achieve these goals: Quick time to market: wireless means minimal planning, minimal right-of-way issues, no need to predict demand; LMDS can be re-deployed Converged services / more revenues: One platform, many applications means consolidation of different access technologies and hence lower overall cost for the operator Expanded broadband service area: LMDS extends the fiber footprint 3-5 km to either side of the fiber, encompassing many more buildings which can be served with broadband services. 8 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
9 What is LMDS? LMDS = Local Multipoint Distribution Service, a multi-purpose platform for last mile access solution Connecting GSM / CDMA / 3G cell sites Connecting WiFi hot spot sites Basic telephone services such as voice and ISP Broadband services such as fractional E1, multiple E1, LAN, and high-speed DSL LMDS uses Point to Multipoint (PMP) architecture which requires fewer radios than PTP PTP: N links = 2 x N Radios PMP: N links = N + 1 Radios 9 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
10 LMDS Overview S H A R E D U P LIN K x 2G / CDMA / 3G BTSs connected to RT S H A R E D D O W N L IN K 10/100 BaseT RT WiFi Connectivity RT HUB (Base Station) Backhaul Network Hub Specifications: Scalable, sector by sector growth nxe1 (TDM or ATM), E3 (ATM), STM-1 (ATM), LAN interfaces Hub should also work in PtP mode 90º, 180º, and 360º sectors SECTOR Broadband Wireless Access - Fractional E1, E1, nxe1, LAN, DSL Radio Specifications: ETSI 26 & 28 GHz Access: FDD/TDMA 14 MHz RF Channel with Mbps Range: 3-5 km or more Multiple Modulation 64 RTs per RF Channel Remote interfaces: Physical: E1, STM-1, LAN Traffic: TDM, ATM, ATM IMA, IP 10 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
11 Typical PMP Range Availability QPSK 16-QAM 26 GHz, Rain Zone K (42 mm hr) 99.99% 4.5 km 3.0 km % 3.7 km 2.5 km % 2.4 km 1.7 km 26 GHz, Rain Zone N (95 mm / hr) 99.99% 2.6 km 1.8 km % 2.0 km 1.5 km % 1.3 km 1.0 km 26 GHz, Rain Zone P ( 145 mm / hr) 99.99% 2.1 km 1.4 km % 1.6 km 1.1 km % 1.0 km 0.7 km Note: 4-Sector Hub Site with a BER of 1E HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
12 LMDS Range LMDS 2-3 km range is consistent with average length of microwave links used for cell site backhaul Cell Site Microwave Backhaul Hop Length 25% Distribution (%) 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% >2.5 km from Hub 12 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
13 LMDS Applications Cell site connectivity GSM and CDMA: E1, or nxe1 TDM UMTS (3G): nxe1 ATM Near future: IP WiFi hotspot connectivity 10/100BaseT LAN port Telephone / Data / DSL services Telephone, fax, dial-up internet access, DSLAM Broadband services Fractional E1, E1, nxe1 DSL, BoPL LMDS becomes a Revenue Generator! 13 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
14 LMDS Application 2G + 3G Backhaul using TDM 2G+ 3G over NxE1 TDM TDM: NxE1 ATM: E3 or STM-1 IP: 100BaseT UMTS NodeB ATM NxE1 2G LMDS RT NxE1 (Transparent) ATM Air Interface with ATM QoS LMDS Hub NxE1 NxE1 Core Backhaul NxE1 UMTS RNC BSC G P 09/09/02 14 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
15 LMDS Application 2G + 3G Backhaul using ATM TDM: NxE1 ATM: E3 or STM-1 IP: 100BaseT UMTS NodeB ATM NxE1 2G LMDS RT NxE1 ATM/IMA TDM 3G 3G ATM ATM Interface Interface O&M O&M UBR UBR PVC PVC Voice Voice VBRrt VBRrt PVC PVC Data Data VBRnrt VBRnrt (future) (future) ATM Air Interface with ATM QoS 2G+ 2G over 3G over NxE1 NxE1 TDM TDM 3G over ATM (E3/DS3 PDH or STM-1 SDH) LMDS Hub ATM STM-1 UMTS RNC NxE1 ATM Core Backhaul NxE1 BSC G P 09/09/02 15 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
16 PMP Cost Advantage Access transmission node (hub) serving 12 cell sites needs 24 point-to-point (PTP) microwave radios vs. 16 PMP radios (12 RTs + 4 Sectors) Significant reduction in initial capital cost as well as cost of installation, permits, spares, maintenance, etc. Typical PMP node coverage 4-7 km diameter 16 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
17 Typical PMP Savings vs. PTP Microwave Backhaul PTP / HNS PMP Incremental Cost Comparison Equipment Only Cost in thousands of dollars PTP HNS PMP Number of Links AIReach Savings: 9% 31% 35% 43% 49% *3 links and above are redundant for both PTP and PMP 17 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
18 PMP Multi-Protocol Support ACCESS NODE/HUB RADIO Ethernet Ethernet Switch IP Core Backhaul PMP PMP ATM 12xE1 ATM Switch TDM Switch ATM Core Backhaul TDM Core Backhaul PMP node/hub radios support mix of TDM, IP, and ATM traffic at the same time 18 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
19 LMDS ETSI 26 / 28 GHz Channel Plans ETSI 26 GHz Band 24.5 GHz GHz GHz 26.5 GHz 896 MHz 64 Channels of 14 MHz Downlink 896 MHz 64 Channels of 14 MHz Uplink 1,008 MHz FDD spacing ETSI 28 GHz Band 27.5 GHz GHz GHz 29.5 GHz 896 MHz 64 Channels of 14 MHz Downlink 896 MHz 64 Channels of 14 MHz Uplink 1,008 MHz FDD spacing 19 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
20 PMP Remote Terminal Operational advantages More spectrum efficient using QPSK/16-QAM modulation Interfaces and payload reconfigurable remotely Frequency agile new frequency plan downloadable from EMS 1:1 redundancy option Front access Physical interface options 4-12xE1/T1 2x10/100BaseT STM-1 ATM Traffic migration from TDM to ATM to IP without platform change 20 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
21 9400 Hub Terminal High Performance and High Functionality Outstanding operational performance TDMA Multi-Mode Modulation: QPSK and 16 QAM 30 Mbps payload (2 bit/hz) Physical interfaces a) STM-1/OC3c ATM b) 12xE1 TDM + 100BaseT c) 100BaseT only Frequency Bands ETSI 26 GHz ETSI 28GHz Scalable Single sector (one HT) Large Hub Frequency change on the fly 21 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
22 HNS PMP Deployments for Cell Backhaul Vodafone Italy GSM & 3G cell site links WIND Italy GSM & 3G links Era Poland (T-Mobile Poland) GSM, 3G, and Wi-Fi backhaul China China Unicom: GSM and Wi-Fi backhaul China Mobile GSM backhaul Trials with two major carriers in USA under new FCC spectrum sub-leasing policy 22 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
23 Conclusion 2 & 3G Backhaul No One Perfect Solution for all Backhaul Application Lease Lines Traditional PTP radios Fiber Optics VSAT LMDS / PMP *** Key Choice Factors: Capital Expenditure Flexibility Maintenance Provision Time ***Emerging Advantageous Future Proof Option - LMDS / PMP approach!!! 23 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
24 Vince Onuigbo Senior Marketing Director Hughes Network Systems, Inc. Office: Global Mobile : vonuigbo@hns.com 24 HNS-BCNvo-Nov04
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