5G Network Architecture

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1 5G Network Architecture A healthy balance between Evolution and Revolution Peter Merz Head of Radio Systems Technology and Innovation Nokia Networks 1 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

NGMN Vision Serves as a baseline for 5G architecture discussion

through existing and emerging use cases, delivered with

2 NGMN Vision Serves as a baseline for 5G architecture discussion and definition 5G is an end-to-end ecosystem to enable a fully mobile and connected society. It empowers value creation towards customers and partners, through existing and emerging use cases, delivered with consistent experience, and enabled by sustainable business models. 2 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

3 5G will enable very diverse use cases with extreme range of requirements Requiring a scalable, flexible and programmable network architecture >10 Gbps peak data rates Massive Broadband 100 Mbps whenever needed M2M ultra low cost 10 years on battery x more devices Massive machine type communication Sensor NW Smart city cameras Capacity for everyone # of Devices Cost Power 3D video / 4K screens Work in the cloud Flexibility for the unknown VR gaming Industry 4.0 Remote control of robot Mission critical broadcast Autonomous driving x more traffic Critical machine type communication Ultra reliability <1 ms radio latency (Low power) Wide area Crowd Ultra-dense Outdoor A trillion of devices with different needs GB transferred in an instant Mission-critical wireless control and automation 3 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

The range of diverse use cases results in various requirements for the architecture Enabling benefits for the

efficiency New business opportunities, e.g.

Capacity for everyone 3D video / 4K screens Work in Smart city the cloud cameras Flexibility VR gaming for the

0 unknown Remote control of robot Mission critical broadcast New business opportunities in verticals (V2X, 0)

4 The range of diverse use cases results in various requirements for the architecture Enabling benefits for the operators Scalability Better network efficiency TCO optimization Network as a Service Better network efficiency New business opportunities, e.g. verticals, network sharing Session on demand Extended battery life Efficient use of resources Reliability Capacity for everyone 3D video / 4K screens Work in Smart city the cloud cameras Flexibility VR gaming for the Industry 4.0 unknown Remote control of robot Mission critical broadcast New business opportunities in verticals (V2X, Industry 4.0) Mobility on demand TCO optimization Better use of network resources Quality and user experience Monetization of OTT traffic More efficient network utilization Latency New business opportunities in verticals (automotive, industry) 4 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

5G needs an enhanced connectivity model To enable new use cases Connectivity in LTE Transparent pt-pt IP access line U-plane and c-plane are designed for pt-pt model PDN IP access line UE Enhanced 5G

5 5G needs an enhanced connectivity model To enable new use cases Connectivity in LTE Transparent pt-pt IP access line U-plane and c-plane are designed for pt-pt model PDN IP access line UE Enhanced 5G any to any connectivity Service-aware u-plane packet forwarding with full support for mobility, charging, lawful intercept New c-plane optimized for highly distributed service-aware networking functions UE1 UE3 UE2 2 5G, LTE Radio 5G, LTE Radio 1 Other Radios, Fixed Vehicular GW Service-aware networking Internet GW Voice GW MTC GW Video GW Some use cases require enhanced connectivity options for e.g. 1 2 local switching (for 5G low latency) and simultaneous access to Internet or other services simultaneous connection to multiple GWs (e.g. for internet and optimized video delivery (MEC)) 5 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

Reliability Simultaneous and native Het Net & multi-connectivity LTE 5G dual connectivity ensures smooth introduction of 5G 5G multi-connectivity improves robustness and data throughput Multi or

6 Reliability Simultaneous and native Het Net & multi-connectivity LTE 5G dual connectivity ensures smooth introduction of 5G 5G multi-connectivity improves robustness and data throughput Multi or Single connectivity selected depending on the type of service Benefits: Highest data throughput and consistent end user experience Enabler for the growing market of mission-critical services, e.g. health and safety, industry automation LTE-5G Dual Connectivity LTE/5G wide area Higher layer Multi connectivity 5G BTS 5G BTS UE 5G Multi Connectivity Ultra Dense Network Low layer Multi Connectivity 6 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

7 Low Latency Example: autonomous vehicles transforming urban space Dynamic geo-networking of vehicles: In a certain geographic location or area (e.g. an intersection, a road hazard) Forming a moving platoon of cars in close proximity with full mobility support Hazard Related connectivity requirements: Lowest latency packet forwarding among UEs forming a virtual network Full mobility of UEs and virtual networks Seamless connectivity to additional services (e.g. Internet, traffic control) t Advances in automotive sensors Advances in wireless comms. Communications - assisted driving Car drivers receiving information about hazards ahead Autonomous driving Sensors used to avoid collisions or drive in road trains Communications -enhanced autonomous driving Sensors + wireless communications used to react to hazards lowest latency / highest reliability In combination with mobility! 7 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

8 Mobility on demand Mobility and service continuity offered on demand Wide range of mobility options No mobility (stationary meters, E) to high-speed trains running at 500km/h Various levels of service continuity: seamless mobility, nomadic mobility, sporadic senders Some MNOs observed that only 30% of subscribers are actually mobile Benefits Centralized mobility anchor Core cloud Local mobility anchor Radio cloud Optimize traffic flows and network resources TCO optimization: Not all devices need full mobility support Reduce core network resources and avoid traffic backhauling to centralized cloud 5G BTS High-speed mobility 5G BTS Nomadic/static devices 8 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

Quality and user experience 5G QoE architecture Drivers for a new QoE architecture Dynamic app-based QoE during

and future OTT applications Not achievable with LTE where same QoS is applied for all traffic in a bearer Benefits

critical) as well as consumers Ensure superior user experience (web pages loading 76% faster, 96% of videos stream

9 Quality and user experience 5G QoE architecture Drivers for a new QoE architecture Dynamic app-based QoE during congestion periods Network enforces Quality of Experience rather than QoS Dynamic application-based QoS for known and future OTT applications Not achievable with LTE where same QoS is applied for all traffic in a bearer Benefits Monetize quality of experience (B2B, B2C) Efficiently serve different business models, verticals (IoT and mission critical) as well as consumers Ensure superior user experience (web pages loading 76% faster, 96% of videos stream successfully) Good QoE in nearly 100% of the cases even in congested networks 9 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

10 Session on demand For improved network resource efficiency Resource efficiency for sporadic data transmission of low-cost and low ARPU devices can be significantly improved Session on demand eliminates signalling overhead for user-plane management signalling only session Benefits Efficient use of network resources Extended UE battery life Always-on connectivity for smart devices UP 5G AP2 5G BTS Signaling only session for low ARPU M2M 10 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

Network as a Service enables flexibility and Scalability RAN selects the proper network slice based on UE type, class of service Network instance optimized for massive broadband (smart devices) UP UP

11 Network as a Service enables flexibility and Scalability RAN selects the proper network slice based on UE type, class of service Network instance optimized for massive broadband (smart devices) UP UP UP Network instance optimized for Massive MTC UP Capacity for everyone 3D video / 4K screens Work in Smart city the cloud cameras Flexibility VR gaming for the Industry 4.0 unknown Remote control of robot Mission critical broadcast Network instance optimized to offer low latency, high reliability (critical MTC) UP UP UP 11 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

Translate into the need of a healthy balance of evolutionary &

user plane functions Mobility on demand Offering mobility support to

instances tailored to various use cases; Network sharing Session on

always ON) ARCHITECTURE Quality and user experience New QoS

for use cases that require lowest latency Evolution Reliability

12 Translate into the need of a healthy balance of evolutionary & revolutionary concepts Scalability Independent scaling of control and user plane functions Mobility on demand Offering mobility support to users only when needed; local gateway Network as a Service Network instances tailored to various use cases; Network sharing Session on demand Establishing a user plane session only when requested (Not always ON) ARCHITECTURE Quality and user experience New QoS architecture Dynamic QoE management Latency Service-driven networking for use cases that require lowest latency Evolution Reliability Simultaneous connection to multiple RATs and/or cells Revolution 12 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

13 End to end 5G network architecture 5G, LTE Radio Other Radios Fixed access front ends 3 rd party application provider Open API Distributed Cloud Radio BBs Radio BB ugw GWs Virtualized resources Service providers Service Fabric Operator s applications Centralized Cloud cplane C-plane GWs ugw distributed network functions #1 #2 Virtualized resources Management & Orchestration 13 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

Key to success Call for action 1 2 3 4 NGMN needs to provide clear/strict prioritization of use cases and requirements in order to progress

radio and system architecture properly, ensuring forward compatibility!

14 Key to success Call for action NGMN needs to provide clear/strict prioritization of use cases and requirements in order to progress Research on networking concepts/architecture needs to deliver innovative ideas and feed standardization 3GPP needs to time and phase 5G radio and system architecture properly, ensuring forward compatibility! A healthy balance of evolution and revolution will ensure inv stment protection while innovative technologies will enable a future-proof 5G network ARCHITECTURE 14 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

15 15 Nokia 2015 Johannesberg Summit 2015 Peter Merz

RAN slicing as enabler for low latency services

RAN slicing as enabler for low latency services Presented by A. Maeder, NOKIA Bell Labs Contributions by Z. Li, P. Rost, C. Sartori, A. Prasad, C. Mannweiler ITG 5.2.4 Fachgruppentreffen Dresden, June