Introduction to Computer Networks. Budditha Hettige

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1 Introduction to Computer Networks Budditha Hettige

2 Computer Network??? A computer network is an interconnection of a group of computers and the world of computers

3 Why Computer Networks? Resource Sharing Sharing a peripheral device (disk, printer, etc.) among several users Communication , web, Skype, VOIP Security Restrict the user access

4 Network Classification By scale By connection method By functional relationship (Network Architectures) By network topology By protocol

5 Source: 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 5

6 Classification of a Computer network by Scale Personal Area Network (PAN) Local Area Network (LAN) Campus Area Network (CAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN). Global Area Network(GAN)

7 PAN- personal area network Is a computer network used for communication among computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants) close to one person Typically a few meters Wireless Connections Bluetooth IR Remote sensers

8 LAN- local area network A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings Up to 1 KM Wireless/ wired Ethernet Wireless

9 MAN- Metropolitan Area Network A Metropolitan Area Network is a network that connects two or more Local Area Networks Connections Optical fiber Telephone

10 WAN-Word Area Network A WAN is a data communications network that covers a relatively broad geographic area

11 Classification of a Computer network by Connection method Optical fiber Ethernet Wireless LAN Home PNA, Power line communication

12 Optical fiber A glass or plastic fiber designed to guide light along its length

13 Ethernet family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs)

14 Wireless LAN linking of two or more computers without using wires

15 Classification of a Computer network by functional relationship Active Networking Client-server networking Peer-to-peer (workgroup) architectures

16 Active Networking Active networking is a communication pattern that allows packets flowing through a telecommunications network to dynamically modify the operation of the network

17 Client-server networking Client Server Nodes

18 Peer-to-peer Network

19 Client-Server & Peer-to-peer

20 Classification of a Computer network by Network Topology Bus network topology Star network topology Ring network topology Mesh network topology Star-bus network topology Tree or Hierarchical topology

21 Bus network topology

22 Star Network

23 Ring Network

24 Mash Topology

25 Tree Network Topology

26 Hardware for Computer Networks

27 IP address Internet Protocol (IP) address IP addresses are usually expressed in four-octet, dotted-decimal form w.x.y.z octet ranges in value from 0 to 255 Consist of network ID and a host ID

28 Address IP Subnet: Name Sangeetha Silva Address: No 23, Panadura

29 IP Address classes IP Address Class Used For Class A Very large networks Class B Medium to large networks Class C Small networks Class D Multicasting Class E Reserved (experimental)

30 Private IPv4 network ranges ANA-reserved private IPv4 network ranges Start End No. of addresses 24-bit block (/8 prefix, 1 A) bit block (/12 prefix, 16 B) bit block (/16 prefix, 256 C)

31 IP Address IP addresses whose first octet is 127 ( ) represent the loopback address and are used for troubleshooting purposes only, not for naming hosts

32 Terms in the Computer Network Node Client Sever Mail Server File Server Web Server Proxy Server DHCP Server DNS Server

33 Web Server

34 Proxy Server

35 DHCP Server

36 DNS Server

37 Lab Activity Show Network Settings in your computer ipconfig

38 Lab Activity Show other computers that are available in the network net view

39 Network Configuration Acknowledge to other computer using ping command ping <ip address>

40 Example According to your PC configuration identify the following facts. IP Address Subnet mask Gateway DNS server Identify Other computers in your network Identify IP for the following URLs 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 40

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