Chapter 4 Transmission Systems and the Telephone Network. School of Info. Sci. & Eng. Shandong Univ.
|
|
- Jean Powell
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 4 Transmission Systems and the Telephone Network School of Info. Sci. & Eng. Shandong Univ.
2 Skip in Chapter 3 Articles 3.8.7, (polynomial math for CRC codes) Skip in Chapter (SONET frame structure) 4.6 Signaling in POTS
3 Sharing of an expensive channel by multiplexing (MUX) (a) A B A B (b) A B MUX Trunk group MUX A B C C C C Figure 4.1
4 Frequency Division MUX (FDM) (a) Individual signals occupy W Hz 0 A W f 0 B W f 0 C W f (b) Combined signal fits into channel bandwidth A B C f Figure 4.2
5 Time Division MUX (TDM) (a) Each signal transmits 1 unit every 3T seconds A 1 A 2 0T 3T 6T t 0T B 1 B 2 3T 6T t 0T C 1 C 2 3T 6T t (b) Combined signal transmits 1 unit every T seconds A 1 B 1 C 1 A 2 B 2 C 2 0T 1T 2T 3T 4T 5T 6T t Figure 4.3
6 Standard T1 Carrier (TDM of 24 PCM voice channels) MUX MUX b b frame 24 (1+24channels*8bits/channel)*8000 frames/sec = Mbps Figure 4.4
7 North American Digital Hierarchy Primary Multiplex Eg. Digital Switch 24 chan PCM M12 M23 DS Mbps Multiplex DS Mbps Multiplex DS Mbps x4 x M13 Multiplex DS Mbps European Digital Hierarchy Primary Multiplex Eg. Digital Switch 30 chan PCM CEPT 1 2nd order Multiplex Mbps Mbps x4 3rd order Multiplex x Mbps 4th order Multiplex x4 CEPT Mbps Figure 4.5
8 t Figure 4.6
9 Figure 4.7 Optical fiber network for long distance carrier in 1998
10 Low-Speed Mapping Function Medium Speed Mapping Function High- Speed Mapping Function DS DS1 DS2 CEPT-1 CEPT ATM 150 Mbps STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-3c STS-3c OC-n Scrambler E/O Mbps High- Speed Mapping Function Mux STS-n Figure 4.8
11 (a) pre-sonet multiplexing MUX DEMUX MUX DEMUX remove tributary insert tributary (b) SONET Add-Drop multiplexing MUX ADM DEMUX remove tributary insert tributary Figure 4.9
12 a OC-3n OC-3n b 3 ADMs OC-3n physical loop net c Figure 4.10
13 (a) (b) a a OC-3n OC-3n b OC-3n c b logical fully-connected net c 3 ADMs connected in physical ring topology Figure 4.11
14 a a d b d b c c (a) Dual ring (b) Loop-around in response to fault Figure 4.12
15 Regional Ring Metro Ring Inter-Office Rings Figure 4.13
16 (a) STS PTE SONET Terminal LTE Mux STE STE STE reg reg reg LTE Mux STS PTE SONET Terminal Section STS Line Section STS-1 Path STE: Section Terminating Equipment, e.g. a repeater LTE: Line Terminating Equipment, e.g. a STS-1 to STS-3 multiplexer PTE: Path Terminating Equipment, e.g. an STS-1 multiplexer (b) path path line section line section section section section line section line section optical optical optical optical optical optical optical Figure 4.14
17 90 bytes B B B 87B Section Overhead Line Overhead 3rows 6rows Information Payload 9 Rows Transport overhead 125 µs Figure 4.15
18 frame k Pointer first octet 87 columns Synchronous Payload Envelope 9 rows frame k+1 Pointer last octet first column is path overhead Figure 4.16
19 STS-1 STS-1 Map STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 Map Map STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 STS-1 Byte Interleave STS-3 Incoming STS-1 Frames Synchronized New STS-1 Frames Figure 4.17
20 The latest incarnation of FDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing λ 1 Optical MUX Optical demux λ 1 λ 2 λ 1 λ 2. λ m λ 2 λ m Optical fiber λ m To pick good wavelengths, look at Fig. 3.45, p 145. Figure 4.18
21 Figure 4.19 Optical signal in a WDM system Figure 4.19
22 (a) WDM chain network a b c d (b) WDM ring network Optical ADMs in a Fiber Optic Network a b 3 ADMs c Figure 4.20
23 (a) Network POTS consists of links and circuit switches Link Switch User n User 1 User n-1 (b) Switch Control Connection of inputs to outputs N N Figure 4.21
24 Crossbar Switch; Space-Division Switches 1 2 N 1 2 N-1 N Grows as N-squared Figure 4.22
25 Multistage switch. Grows as N to the 1.5 power 2(N/n)nk + k (N/n) 2 crosspoints N inputs nxk 1 nxk 2 nxk N/n x N/n N/n x N/n kxn kxn 2 kxn N outputs nxk N/n N/n x N/n k kxn N/n Figure 4.23
26 nxk 1 N/n x N/n 1 kxn 1 Desired input nxk j n-1 busy N/n x N/n n-1 N/n x N/n n+1 N/n x N/n 2n-2 n-1 busy kxn m Desired output nxk N/n free path N/n x N/n 2n-1 free path kxn N/n Figure 4.24
27 Time Division Switches From TDM DeMUX Read slots in permuted order To TDM MUX Usually called Time Slot Interchange Switch (TSI) Figure 4.25
28 nxk 1 N/n x N/n 1 kxn 1 N inputs nxk 2 nxk 3 input TDM frame with n slots n 2 1 nxk N/n output TDM frame with k slots Figure 4.26
29 nxk first slot first slot N/n x N/n kxn nxk 2 N/n x N/n 2 kxn 2 nxk N/n kth slot N/n x N/n k kth slot kxn N/n Figure 4.27
30 TSI Stage Space Stage TSI Stage N inputs TDM n slots n slots n slots nxk 1 nxk 2 nxk N/n x N/n Time-Shared Space Switch kxn 3 3 TDM k slots TDM k slots 1 kxn 2 kxn N outputs n slots nxk N/n kxn N/n Figure 4.28
31 B 2 A 2 B 1 A 1 2x3 1 B 1 A 1 C 1 A 1 3x2 1 A 1 C 1 D 2 C 2 D 1 C 1 2x3 2 D 1 C 1 D 1 B 1 3x2 2 B 1 D 1 Figure 4.29
32 4.5 The Telephone Network: POTS or PSTN Setting up a circuit-switched path for the duration of the call. Figure 4.30
33 Telephone call set up. Note the three phase process that propagates through intermediate points Source Signal Signal Go Ahead Message Release Destination Signal This is an elaboration of the double timing diagram from Test 1. Figure 4.31
34 Routing for local and long-distance connections (a) Routing in a typical metropolitan area 4 C D A 1 B (b) Routing between two LATAs Uses LD Carrier nets Local Access and Transport Areas net 1 net 2 LATA 1 LATA 2 Figure 4.32
35 Pedestal POTS access transmission facilities Serving Area I/f local telephone office distribution cable Serving Area I/f feeder cable Distribution Frame Switch Serving Area Interface Figure 4.33
36 Original signal Transmit pair Received signal Echoed signal Hybrid transformer Receive pair Local Loop 2 and 4 wire connections in the telephone network; echos. Hybrid is in the CO or Serving Area Interface Figure 4.34
37 Local analog Local digital Digital trunks Digital cross-connect System Channel-switched traffic (digital leased lines) Tie lines Circuitswitched traffic Local Switch Foreign exchange Figure 4.35
38 Digital cross connect and SONET ADM ADM Physical SONET ADM ADM Topology using ADMs and DCCs ADM DCC ADM Logical Topology Switches see this topology Figure 4.36
39 End to end digital services (ISDN) BRI PRI Circuit Switched Network Channel Switched Network Private Packet Switched Networks BRI PRI Basic Rate Interface (BRI): 2B+D Primary Rate Interface (PRI): 23B+D Signaling Network Figure 4.37
40 4.6 A little about signaling in the POTS SPC Control Signaling Message Stored program control. A computer runs the switching at Cos. Figure 4.39
41 Common Channel Signaling Office A Trunks Office B Switch Switch Processor Modem Signaling Modem Processor Figure 4.39
42 The signaling network is packet switched! STP STP SCP SSP STP STP Signaling Network SSP Transport Network SSP = Service switching point (signal to message) STP = Signal transfer point (message transfer) SCP = Service control point (processing) Figure 4.40
43 The Latest Incarnation: "The Intelligent Network" allows Caller ID, Conferencing, Etc. External Database SSP Signaling Network SSP Intelligent Peripheral Transport Network Figure 4.40
44 Application Layer Presentation Layer TUP TCAP ISUP Session Layer Transport Layer SCCP Network Layer MTP Level 3 Data Link Layer MTP Level 2 Physical Layer MTP Level 1 Figure 4.42
45 Many Lines Fewer Trunks Figure 4.43
46 N(t) all trunks busy t 1 2 trunk # Figure 4.44
47 # trunks Blocking Probability offered load Figure 4.45
48 (a) A D (b) Tandem Switch 1 Trunk group Tandem Switch 2 B E C F A B C D E F 10 Erlangs between each pair 90 Erlangs Figure 4.46
49 Tandem Switch Alternate Route Switch High Usage Route Switch Figure 4.47
50 Tandem Switch 1 Tandem Switch 2 Alternate Routes for B-E, C-F Switch A Switch C Switch B Switch E High Usage Route B-E High Usage Route C-F Switch F Switch D Figure 4.48
51 Tandem Switch 1 Tandem Switch 2 Tandem Switch 3 Alternate Routes Switch A High Usage Route Switch B Figure 4.49
52 Network Capacity Carried Load Offered Load Figure 4.50
53 Figure 4.51
54 BSS BSS HLR VLR EIRAC MSC STP PSTN SS#7 wireline terminal AC = authentication center BSS = base station subsystem EIR = equipment identity register HLR = home location register MSC = mobile switching center PSTN = public switched telephone network STP = signal transfer point VLR = visitor location register Figure 4.52
55 CM U m A bis A CM MM MM RRM RRM RRM RRM SCCP SCCP MTP Level 3 MTP Level 3 LAPD m LAPD m LAPD LAPD MTP Level 2 MTP Level 2 radio mobile station radio 64 kbps base transceiver station 64 kbps 64 kbps base station controller 64 kbps MSC Figure 4.53
56 satellite motion (a) (b) Figure 4.54
Synchronous Optical Networks SONET. Computer Networks: SONET
Synchronous Optical Networks SONET 1 Telephone Networks {Brief History} Digital carrier systems The hierarchy of digital signals that the telephone network uses. Trunks and access links organized in DS
More informationSynchronous Optical Networks (SONET) Advanced Computer Networks
Synchronous Optical Networks (SONET) Advanced Computer Networks SONET Outline Brief History SONET Overview SONET Rates SONET Ring Architecture Add/Drop Multiplexor (ADM) Section, Line and Path Virtual
More informationChapter 8 Switching Networks
Chapter 8 Switching Networks Circuit Switching Networks SONET SONET Transport Networks Telephone Network and Signaling Traffic Control in Telephone Networks Cellular Telephone Networks Gateway WAN Switching
More informationCircuit-Switching Networks Traffic and Overload Control in Telephone Networks
6 Fall 2016, German University in Cairo Chapter 4 Circuit-Switching Networks Traffic and Overload Control in Telephone Networks 6 Fall 2016, German University in Cairo Traffic Management & Overload Control
More informationChapter - 7. Multiplexing and circuit switches
Chapter - 7 Multiplexing and circuit switches Multiplexing Multiplexing is used to combine multiple communication links into a single stream. The aim is to share an expensive resource. For example several
More informationSONET. By Sadhish Prabhu. Unit II
SONET By Sadhish Prabhu History Digital carrier systems The hierarchy of digital signals that the telephone network uses. Trunks and access links organized in DS (digital signal) hierarchy Problem: rates
More informationTELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS By Syed Bakhtawar Shah Abid Lecturer in Computer Science 1 Signaling System 7 Architecture Signaling System 7 Protocol Stacks Overview Level 1: Physical Connection SS7 Level 2:
More informationLecture 15: Multiplexing (2)
Lecture 15: Multiplexing (2) Last Lecture Multiplexing (1) Source: chapter 8 This Lecture Multiplexing (2) Source: chapter8 Next Lecture Circuit switching (1) Source: chapter9 Digital Carrier Systems Hierarchy
More informationSignaling System 7 (SS7) By : Ali Mustafa
Signaling System 7 (SS7) By : Ali Mustafa Contents Types of Signaling SS7 Signaling SS7 Protocol Architecture SS7 Network Architecture Basic Call Setup SS7 Applications SS7/IP Inter-working VoIP Network
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL NETWORK (SONET) Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) is a standard for optical telecommunications transport. SONET defines optical carrier (OC) levels
More informationMA Yan, BUPTCC, ~16 BUPT Information Network Center LAN LAN. Transmission system
LAN LAN Transmission system 1 Campus 1 2 Office 3 Office 2 Office 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 ... 4 Local Loop End Office Trunks End Office End Office End Office Tandem Office LD
More informationWave Division Multiplexing. Circuit Switching (1) Switching Networks. Nodes. Last Lecture Multiplexing (2) Source: chapter8
Circuit Switching (1) Last Lecture Multiplexing (2) Source: chapter8 This Lecture Circuit switching (1) Source: chapter9 Next Lecture Circuit switching (2) Source: chapter 9 Reference books A. Tanenbaum,
More informationBackbone network technologies. T Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo
Backbone network technologies T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo Backbone network technologies This lecture tells about backbone networks After this lecture, you should know WDM, PDH, SDH and ATM understand
More informationIntegrated services Digital Network
Integrated services Digital Network 1 Integrated Services Digital Network Public networks are used for a variety of services Public Switched Telephone Network Private Lines (leased) Packet Switched Data
More informationTelephone network. T Jouni Karvo, Raimo Kantola, Timo Kiravuo
Telephone network T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Raimo Kantola, Timo Kiravuo Telephone network Background Topology Reference connection End systems Access network Transmission Switching & Signaling Layers User-Network
More informationTelephone network. Telephone network. Background. T Jouni Karvo, Raimo Kantola, Timo Kiravuo
Telephone network T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Raimo Kantola, Timo Kiravuo Telephone network Background Topology Reference connection End systems Access network Transmission Switching & Signaling Layers User-Network
More informationCSIS Frequency Division Multiplexing. Basic Types of Multiplexing. Frequency Division Multiplexing. Frequency Division Multiplexing.
Multiplexing: combining information streams from multiple sources for transmission over a shared medium Demultiplexing: separating a combination back into individual information streams CSIS 4222 Ch 11:
More informationSS#7. T Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo
SS#7 T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo Telephone exchanges Subscriber lines are connected to the telephone exchanges Originally each customer had a direct connection (electrical pair) to the exchange
More informationTelco Scalable Backbones
Telco Scalable Backbones PDH, SONET/SDH (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 Everything that can be invented has been invented Charles H. Duell, commissioner of the US Office of Patents 1899 Agenda Basics Shannon
More informationTDM Techniques. Time Division Multiplexing (synchronous, statistical) Telco Backbones (Digital Voice Transmission, PDH, SDH)
TDM Techniques Time Division Multiplexing (synchronous, statistical) Telco Backbones (Digital Voice Transmission, PDH, SDH) Agenda Introduction Synchronous (Deterministic) TDM Asynchronous (Statistical)
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 3 Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Useful bandwidth of medium exceeds required bandwidth of channel Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency
More informationModems, DSL, and Multiplexing. CS158a Chris Pollett Feb 19, 2007.
Modems, DSL, and Multiplexing CS158a Chris Pollett Feb 19, 2007. Outline Finish up Modems DSL Multiplexing The fastest modems Last day, we say the combinations and phases used to code symbols on a 2400
More informationSS7. Mercantec H2 2009
SS7 Mercantec H2 2009 Common Channel Signaling System No. 7 basic call setup, management, and tear down wireless services such as personal communications services (PCS), wireless roaming, and mobile subscriber
More informationUNIT-II OVERVIEW OF PHYSICAL LAYER SWITCHING & MULTIPLEXING
1 UNIT-II OVERVIEW OF PHYSICAL LAYER SWITCHING & MULTIPLEXING Syllabus: Physical layer and overview of PL Switching: Multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, wave length division multiplexing, synchronous
More informationWilliam Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition. Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching Switching Networks Long distance transmission is typically done over a network of switched
More information9/12/2008. Media in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
Media in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Reading 1: Marion Cole, Telecommunications Chapter 5 Communications systems require a medium between transmitter and receiver Metallic Wire was the
More informationChapter 8: Multiplexing
NET 456 High Speed Networks Chapter 8: Multiplexing Dr. Anis Koubaa Reformatted slides from textbook Data and Computer Communications, Ninth Edition by William Stallings, 1 (c) Pearson Education - Prentice
More informationWAN Technology & Design. Dr. Nawaporn Wisitpongphan
WAN Technology & Design Dr. Nawaporn Wisitpongphan 1 WAN Connection Modules 2 WAN Comparison 3 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) All-digital phone line connection Technology since 1980s Allow
More informationChapter 6 Questions. Problems
Chapter 6 Questions Q6-1. Q6-2. Q6-3. Q6-4. Q6-5. Q6-6. Q6-7. Describe the goals of multiplexing. List three main multiplexing techniques mentioned in this chapter. Distinguish between a link and a channel
More informationSubject Data Communication. Subject Code 15CS46. Module 2 (Part 2) Multiplexing and Switching
1. What is multiplexing? What are types of multiplexing? (Dec 2012) Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. If the
More informationTELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS By Syed Bakhtawar Shah Abid Lecturer in Computer Science 1 Public Switched Telephone Network Structure The Local Loop Trunks and Multiplexing Switching 2 Network Structure Minimize
More informationCircuit Switching and Packet Switching
Chapter 10: Circuit Switching and Packet Switching CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Switching Networks Long distance transmission is typically done over a network of switched nodes Nodes not concerned with
More informationLecture 2 Physical Layer - Multiplexing
DATA AND COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS Lecture 2 Physical Layer - Multiplexing Mei Yang Based on Lecture slides by William Stallings 1 MULTIPLEXING multiple links on 1 physical line common on long-haul, high
More informationIntroduction to Networks
Introduction to Networks Network Topology How we interconnect network users Network Hierarchy The connection between network topology and geographical size Telecommunication (Phone Networks) Circuit Switching
More informationCourse 5 The SS7 signaling systems.
Course 5 The SS7 signaling systems. Zsolt Polgar Communications Department Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca General aspects; The SS7 architecture; Node
More informationMdi Media in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Reading 1: Marion Cole, Telecommunications Chapter 5
Mdi Media in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Reading 1: Marion Cole, Telecommunications Chapter 5 Communications systems require a medium between transmitter and receiver Metallic Wire was
More informationUnit-3 Wireless Data Services
Unit-3 Wireless Data Services CPDP(Cellular Digital Packet Data) CPDP technology is used by telecommunication carriers to transfer data to users via unused analog cellular networks. It uses the entire
More informationSignaling System No. 7 (Zeichengabesystem Nr. 7)
Signaling System No. 7 (Zeichengabesystem Nr. 7) SS#7, SS7,... Common Channel Signaling System No. 7, C7, CCS7,... (ZGS-Nr. 7) www.comnets.uni-bremen.de SS7-10 - 1 Terms (Begriffe) Communication Networks
More informationIntroduction To Optical Networks Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective
Introduction To Optical Networks Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective Galen Sasaki Galen Sasaki University of Hawaii 1 Galen Sasaki University of Hawaii 2 Galen Sasaki University of Hawaii 3 Telecommunications
More informationChapter 8 Switching 8.1
Chapter 8 Switching 8.1 8.2 Figure 8.1 Switched network 8.3 Figure 8.2 Taxonomy of switched networks 8-1 CIRCUIT-SWITCHED NETWORKS 8.4 A circuit-switched network consists of a set of switches connected
More informationTELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS By Syed Bakhtawar Shah Abid Lecturer in Computer Science 1 SS7 Network Architecture SS7 can employ different types of signaling network structures. The worldwide signaling network
More informationBackbone network technologies. T Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo
Backbone network technologies T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo Backbone network technologies This lecture tells about landline backbone networks After this lecture, you should know WDM, PDH, SDH and
More informationLecture (05) Network interface Layer media & switching II
Lecture (05) Network interface Layer media & switching II By: ElShafee ١ Agenda Circuit switching technology (cont,..) Packet switching technique Telephone network ٢ Circuit switching technology (cont,..)
More informationLecture 6 Datalink Framing, Switching. From Signals to Packets
Lecture 6 Datalink Framing, Switching David Andersen Department of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 15-441 Networking, Spring 2005 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~srini/15-441/s05/ 1 From Signals to
More information2000 Performance Technologies, Inc.
Table of Contents SS7 Tutorial...1 SS7 Tutorial...3 Overview...3 SS7 Protocol Stack...6 Message Transfer Part...7 ISDN User Part...13 Signaling Connection Control Part...20 Transaction Capabilities Application
More informationISDN. Integrated Services Digital Network
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network definition of ISDN evolution to ISDN and beyond ISDN services basic BRA / PRA architecture protocols & signalling What is ISDN? 1. End-to-end digital connectivity
More information2. The initialization vector (IV) is used in the framework of
Advanced Network Protocols Prof. E. Damiani The exam is composed of three sections: a multiple choice and two open question ones. Please do NOT write your answers on the exam text. Rather, hand them in
More informationLecture (03) Circuit switching
Agenda Lecture (03) Circuit switching Switched communication network Circuit switching technology Dr. Ahmed ElShafee ١ Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Fall 2011, Networks I ٢ Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Fall 2011,
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS SWITCHING A switch is a mechanism that allows us to interconnect links to form a larger network. A switch is a multi-input, multi-output device, which transfers packets
More informationChapter 9. High Speed Digital Access
Chapter 9 High Speed Digital Access 9-1 TELEPHONE NETWORK Telephone networks use circuit switching. The telephone network had its beginnings in the late 1800s. The entire network, which is referred to
More information1/29/2008. From Signals to Packets. Lecture 6 Datalink Framing, Switching. Datalink Functions. Datalink Lectures. Character and Bit Stuffing.
/9/008 From Signals to Packets Lecture Datalink Framing, Switching Peter Steenkiste Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Analog Signal Digital
More informationModule 11 Narrowband and Broadband ISDN
Module 11 Narrowband and Broadband ISDN Lesson 37 ISDN: Reference Points, Services And Standards OBJECTIVE General This lesson is continued on giving the reader the concept and definition of Integrated
More informationUsing Telephone and Cable Networks for Data Transmission
CHAPTER 9 Using Telephone and Cable Networks for Data Telephone networks were originally created to provide voice communication. The need to communicate digital data resulted in the invention of the dial-up
More informationNetwork Topologies & Error Performance Monitoring in SDH Technology
Network Topologies & Error Performance Monitoring in SDH Technology Shiva Sharma Electronics and Communications Department Dronacharya College of Engineering Gurgaon, Haryana Shiva.92@hotmail.com Abstract
More informationTraffic Link Redundancy
Traffic Link Redundancy 80% of the traffic saved if one link goes down 2 separated routes 3 separated routes eg 10E per link then: 80*(10+10)=16E 80*(10+10+10)/2=16E The redundancy factor becomes 1.6 and
More information2. Modelling of telecommunication systems (part 1)
2. Modelling of telecommunication systems (part ) lect02.ppt S-38.45 - Introduction to Teletraffic Theory - Fall 999 2. Modelling of telecommunication systems (part ) Contents Telecommunication networks
More informationWide Area Networks (WANs) Slide Set 6
Wide Area Networks (WANs) Slide Set 6 Wide Area Networks (WANs) WAN Purposes Link sites (usually) within the same corporation Remote access for individuals who are off-site Internet access for individuals
More informationPDH Switches. Switching Technology S P. Raatikainen Switching Technology / 2004.
PDH Switches Switching Technology S38.165 http://www.netlab.hut.fi/opetus/s38165 L8-1 PDH switches General structure of a telecom exchange Timing and synchronization Dimensioning example L8-2 PDH exchange
More informationLecture #6 Multiplexing and Switching
SPRING 2015 Integrated Technical Education Cluster At AlAmeeria E-626-A Data Communication and Industrial Networks (DC-IN) Lecture #6 Multiplexing and Switching Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna 1 Agenda
More informationISDN. Integrated Services Digital Network. definition of ISDN ISDN services basic BRA / PRA architecture protocols & signalling
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network definition of ISDN ISDN services basic BRA / PRA architecture protocols & signalling What is ISDN? 1. End-to-end digital connectivity 2. Enhanced subscriber signaling
More informationTransmission Technology Ses SDH
Transmission Technology Ses SDH ALTTC/TX1/SDH/CONCEPTS 1 CONTENTS SDH PROTECTION PLANNING SYNCHRONISATION ALTTC/TX1/SDH/CONCEPTS 2 SDH: DISCUSSION AREA WHAT IS SDH? EVOLUTION DRIVING FORCES LIMITATIONS
More informationWAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi
WAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi www.baldi.info WAN_Technologies - 1 Copyright: see page 2 Copyright Notice This set of transparencies, hereinafter referred to as slides, is protected
More informationChapter 10. Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1
Chapter 10 Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1 Content Switched communication networks Circuit switching networks Circuit-switching concepts Packet-switching principles X.25 (mentioned but not
More informationOptical networking technology
1 Optical networking technology Technological advances in semiconductor products have essentially been the primary driver for the growth of networking that led to improvements and simplification in the
More information[1] Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures,Y-Bing Lin and Imrich Chlamtac,Wiley Computer Publishing
Signaling System 1 Reference (1/2) [1] Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures,Y-Bing Lin and Imrich Chlamtac,Wiley Computer Publishing Chapters 2 and 5. [2] 第七號共通信號系統概論, 湯鴻沼, 全華科技圖書股份有限公司 [3] Telephone
More informationLecture 4. Data Transmission Modes and Switching. Data Transmission & Switching 1-1
Lecture 4 Data Transmission Modes and Switching Data Transmission & Switching 1-1 Agenda Introduction to Data Transmission Modes Parallel and Serial Transmission Transmission Media Guided and unguided
More informationDC Assignment III. Communication via circuit switching implies that there is a dedicated communication path between two stations.
DC Assignment III 1. Explain circuit-switched Network with neat Diagrams. Communication via circuit switching implies that there is a dedicated communication path between two stations. That path is a connected
More informationPhysical Layer: Multiplexing, Spectrum Spreading and Switching. Covers Chapters# 06 & 08 from Text Book
Physical Layer: Multiplexing, Spectrum Spreading and Switching Covers Chapters# 06 & 08 from Text Book 2 Multiplexing From Chapter#06 3 Multiplexing If bandwidth of a medium linking two devices is greater
More informationMultiplexing (Recap)
Multiplexing (Recap) Multiplexing How to transfer data between two sites once there is a digital link between them? Analog to Digital (A2D) conversion Human voice is a continuous signal in the range 0-4
More informationOverview of Networks
CMPT765/408 08-1 Overview of Networks Qianping Gu 1 Overview of Networks This note is mainly based on Chapters 1-2 of High Performance of Communication Networks by J. Walrand and P. Pravin, 2nd ed, and
More informationIntegrated Services Digital Network
CHAPTER 12 Chapter Goals Explain what ISDN is. Describe ISDN devices and how they operate. Describe the specifications for ISDN data transmittal for the three layers at which ISDN transmits. Introduction
More informationNetworks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces
Chapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.11 Basics of Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies 15.3 LAN and WAN 15.4 Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces 15.6
More informationSRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR
SRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR 603203 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS QUESTION BANK (2017-2018) Course / Branch : BCA Semester /Year : EVEN / III Subject Name : Data
More informationTELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS By Syed Bakhtawar Shah Abid Lecturer in Computer Science 1 INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKS (ISDN) The original concept of ISDN dates back to the early 1970s. Its design,
More informationPublic Switched Telephone Network (PSTN II/II)
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN II/II) Topics today in PSTN Trunk Network Node 1 Node 2 Access Access! A: Switching types! Connectionless/ connection oriented! Packet/circuit! B: PSNT exchanges
More informationIntroduction. TDM Techniques. Agenda. Point-To-Point Channels
atenkommunikation 384081 - SS 2007 atenkommunikation 384081 - SS 2007 Introduction TM Techniques Time ivision Multiplexing (synchronous, statistical) igital Voice Transmission, PH, SH line protocol techniques
More informationObjectives. Learn how computers are connected. Become familiar with different types of transmission media
Objectives Learn how computers are connected Become familiar with different types of transmission media Learn the differences between guided and unguided media Learn how protocols enable networking 2 Objectives
More informationSample. Overview of WAN Connections. Objectives. Module 1
Module 1 Objectives This module introduces the basic elements of WAN connections and describes the role each element plays in creating that connection. After completing this module, you should be able
More informationChapter 10: Wireless Networking. School of information science and Engineering, SDU
Chapter 10: Wireless Networking School of information science and Engineering, SDU 10.1 Introduction to Wireless Networks Requirement to the networks: Provides ubiquitous personal communications; Accommodate
More informationPublic Switched TelephoneNetwork (PSTN) By Iqtidar Ali
Public Switched TelephoneNetwork (PSTN) By Iqtidar Ali Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) The term PSTN describes the various equipment and interconnecting facilities that provide phone service to
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS)
CHAPTER 14 Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) Background Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) is a high-speed, packet-switched, datagram-based WAN networking technology used for communication
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service
CHAPTER 14 Chapter Goals Tell how SMDS works, and describe its components. Describe the operational elements of the SMDS environment, and outline its underlying protocol. Discuss related technologies.
More informationSwitching CHAPTER 8. Solutions to Review Questions and Exercises. Review Questions
CHAPTER 8 Switching Solutions to Review Questions and Exercises Review Questions 1. Switching provides a practical solution to the problem of connecting multiple devices in a network. It is more practical
More informationSAE6A/SAZ6B DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING UNIT : I To V
SAE6A/SAZ6B DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING UNIT : I To V 1 UNIT 1:Syllabus Introduction to Data Communication Network Protocols & standards standards organizations Line Configuration Topology Transmission
More informationIP over. Mario Baldi. Politecnico di Torino. (Technical University of Turin) IPinterconnection - 1 Copyright: si veda nota a pag.
IP over ATM SDH DWDM Mario Baldi Politecnico di Torino (Technical University of Turin) www.baldi.info IPinterconnection - 1 Copyright: si veda nota a pag. 2 Nota di Copyright This set of transparencies,
More informationIntroduction to Network Technologies & Layered Architecture BUPT/QMUL
Introduction to Network Technologies & Layered Architecture BUPT/QMUL 2015-3-5 Review What is the Internet? How does it work? When & how did it come about? Who controls it? Where is it going? 2 Agenda
More informationIntroducing ISDN ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) User-Network Interface (UNI),
ISDN and DDR CCNA 4 Note to instructors If you have downloaded this presentation from the Cisco Networking Academy Community FTP Center, this may not be my latest version of this PowerPoint. For the latest
More informationWAN Technologies CCNA 4
WAN Technologies CCNA 4 Overview Note: Most of this will be described in more detail in later chapters. Differentiate between a LAN and WAN Identify the devices used in a WAN List WAN standards Describe
More informationSystem Applications Description
NT7E65DJ 323-1111-150 SONET Transmission Products S/DMS TransportNode / NE TBM System Applications Description Standard Rel 14 February 2001 What s inside... / network element applications Copyright 1992
More informationWireless and Mobile Network Architecture
Wireless and Mobile Network Architecture Chapter 2: Mobility Management Prof. Yuh-Shyan Chen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University Sep. 2006 1 Outline Introduction
More informationInternetworking Part 1
CMPE 344 Computer Networks Spring 2012 Internetworking Part 1 Reading: Peterson and Davie, 3.1 22/03/2012 1 Not all networks are directly connected Limit to how many hosts can be attached Point-to-point:
More informationPDH Switches. Switching Technology S PDH switches
PDH Switches Switching Technology S38.165 http://www.netlab.hut.fi/opetus/s38165 8-1 PDH switches General structure of telecom exchange Timing and synchronization Dimensioning example 8-2 1 PDH exchange
More informationCircuit switching. Switched communication network Circuit switching technology. 2 Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Spring 2011, Networks I
Lecture (03) Circuit switching Dr. Ahmed ElShafee 1 Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Spring 2011, Networks I Agenda Switched communication network Circuit switching technology 2 Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Spring 2011,
More informationNetworks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces
Chapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.11 Basics of Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies 15.3 LAN and WAN 15.4 Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces 15.6
More informationAdvanced Intelligent Network for Wireless Communications
www..org Advanced Intelligent Network for Wireless Communications 6 Pooja Sharma 1 Pawan Bhadana 2 1 B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Technology and Management, Faridabad, Haryana, India Poojasharma161@gmail.com
More informationModule 3. Wide Area Networking (WAN)
Module 3 Wide Area Networking (WAN) When many nodes or LAN s are connected together in a large scale, we have a WAN. This may be world wide. Because of the separation of the nodes, the Public Data Network
More informationUNIT- 2 Physical Layer and Overview of PL Switching
UNIT- 2 Physical Layer and Overview of PL Switching 2.1 MULTIPLEXING Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. Figure
More informationMultiplexing. Contents. ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications. Multiplexing.
2 ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Prepared by Steven Gordon on 13 October 2015
More informationPPP. Point-to-Point Protocol
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 1 Introduction One of the most common types of WAN connection is the point-to-point connection. Point-to-point connections are used to connect LANs to service provider WANs,
More informationDE62 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS DEC 2013
Q.2 a. A 00 line exchange is to be designed using uniselectors and two motion selectors that provide a switching capacity of 20. Give your requirement of components and explain how you will implement this
More information