Review Zara, Netflix and Amazon Case

Transcription

1 Review Zara, Netflix and Amazon Case Value Chains? including Role of Management Role of Information Systems Differences from major competitors Assess Effectiveness, Efficiency, Speed Competitive Forces? New Evolution? Articles 1

2 NETWORK TECHNOLOGY Client/Server Computing on the Internet Processing and services are distributed between servers and clients communicating over the network. 2

3 Anatomy of a Web Address The Web Address Hypertext transfer protocol (http) - application transfer protocol that allows web browsers and web servers to communicate A domain name represents an organization and a host refers to public services offered by that organization Path maps to folder location where file is stored on server Filename refers to name of file stored on server 3

4 IP Addresses and the Domain Name System (DNS) Every device connected to the Internet has an identifying address called the Internet Protocol (IP) address, i.e., The domain name service (DNS) is a hierarchical system of nameservers that maps host-domain name combinations to IP addresses -> I Want My Own Domain Anyone can register a domain name, paying for a renewable right to use that domain name Domain name registration is handled on a firstcome, first-served basis. All registrars share registration data to ensure that no two firms gain rights to the same name Cybersquatting: Acquiring a domain name that refers to a firm, individual, product, or trademark; with the goal of exploiting it for financial gain 1-8 4

5 The Internet is Almost Full Inefficient allocation of IP addresses and exploding number of Internet connected devices means that we re running out of IP addresses Shifting to a new IP scheme such as IPv6 increases the possible address space to a new theoretical limit of addresses

6 TCP/IP The Internet s Universal Language The Internet Protocol Suite consists of: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Internet Protocol (IP) TCP works at both ends of Internet communications to ensure perfect copies of messages are sent: creates packets IP is a routing protocol in charge of forwarding packets on the Internet Routers are computing devices that connect networks and exchange data between them TCP/IP in Action: Packet Switching

7 Last Mile: Faster Speed, Broader Access The Internet Backbone, made of fiber optic lines, is very fast Amdahl s law states that a system s speed is determined by its slowest component or the last mile High-speed last mile technologies (T1/DSL or Cable) are often referred to as Broadband Internet Access Various technology upgrades are happening to speed up last mile connectivity Wireless Mobile wireless service is provided to customers via cell towers With boom in sales of smart phones, bandwidth crunch is becoming a serious concern for ISPs Wireless networks are transitioning from third generation (3G) to fourth generation (4G) Item number: G networks are slower than 4G and offer a lesser range of services 7

8 Wi-Fi and other hotspots Computer and mobile devices have Wireless Fidelity antennas built into their chipsets To connect to the Internet, a device needs to be within range of a base station or hotspot Cell coverage is often limited due to lack of service towers Net Neutrality- What s Fair? Net neutrality is the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally Many ISPs offer varying coverage, depending on service used and bandwidth consumed Internet firms say it is vital to maintain the openness of the Internet Telecommunications firms say they should be able to limit access to services that overtax their networks Another concern for service providers is everincreasing demand for greater bandwidth 8

9 Case 2 Google, Facebook and Web Business Information Read chapters 7, 9 and 15 of Gallaugher. Based on this material: 1. Describe Facebook s early history in terms of leadership and market penetration. Then do the same for Google comparing and contrasting them. 2. Describe the four components of value that facebook delivers to users (see Gallaugher figure 7.1). Who pays Facebook and what value is delivered to them? Do the same for Google, comparing and contrasting with Facebook. 3. What are challenges to profitability faced by Facebook? 4. Find one recent fact regarding an acquisition by Facebook? What do you think the strategy is for Facebook in this acquisition? Cite your source appropriately. 5. Find one recent fact regarding an acquisition by Google? What do you think the strategy is for Google in this acquisition? Cite your source appropriately. Case 2 Google, Facebook and Web Business Information (continued) The goal of this part of the case is to introduce you to the market and business information available to you on the web and how to access it. I would recommend a process similar to the following when you start interviewing for a corporate position. 1. Find on the web a list of top earning European corporations from Choose one company of interest to you from the list. For this company: 1. Find the last three years total sales and Net Profit and graph them. Cite your information below the graph. (Might be available on the corporate web site.) 2. Find the last three years stock prices and graph them. (Google or Yahoo Finance both can get you these.) Cite your information below the graph. 3. Find the names of current leadership: Chairman/President of the board and the CEO. Cite your source as a footnote. 4. Find the names of two major publically held competitors from an industry list or the news. Cite your sources as a footnotes. 9

10 Querying/Reporting How to get information out of data The three operations of a relational DBMS that allow for querying (views) and reporting are Select, Join, and Project. 1. In the SELECT operation, you use a query language like SQL to tell the DBMS what TABLES and FIELDS your data of interest are in within the Database. During the SELECT operation, you also can: FILTER using CRITERIA for FIELDS, i.e., sales > 5,000 SORT by FIELDS and then AGGREGATE on sorted FIELDS, i.e., Total number of staff by Division COMPUTE new FIELDS, i.e. VAT% on Sales Totals Querying/Reporting (Continued) How to get information out of data 2. In the JOIN operation, if your data is in separate tables, you indicate the KEY FIELDS which are commnon to all tables and allow you to JOIN or connect the data, i.e. Student ID is in the Address Table and the Tuition Owed Table 3. In the PROJECT operation, the information from your query is PROJECTED into a new table which can be exported to EXCEL for graphing or used as the basis for a formatted REPORT. 10

11 Today s Queries from our Home Finance Database Create 3 Queries using your database/data: 1) Fund balances on a specific date, 2) Revenue/expenses by account by month, and 3) Monthly revenue/expenses by month compared to the monthly budget. Today s Queries from our Home Finance Database Export Query #3 to Excel and create a line graph of monthly budget vs. actual costs for one expense category in your database over 4 months 11

12 Today s Queries from our Home Finance Database Homework: the 3 rd query (budget versus actual revenues and costs by month) structure to Dr. Davenport as an attachment after exporting it to pdf via the Database Tools: Database Documenter (version 2010) menu. To the same , also attach a.pdf copy of ONLY the Excel budget vs. actual line graph (not the whole worksheet). 12