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1 Mark Sportack Walter J. Glenn Sams' Teach Yourself MCSE Netwoking Essentials SAMS PUBLISHING IN 14 DAYS Sams Publishing is an independant entity from Microsoft Corporation, and not affiliated with Microsoft Corporation in any manner. This publication may be used in assisting students to prepare for a Microsoft Certified Professional Exam. Neither Microsoft Corporation, its designated review company, nor Sams Publishing warrants that use of this publication will ensure passing the relevant Exam. Microsoft is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
2 Contents Introduction 2 Who Should Read This Book 2 HowThis Book is Organized 2 Hardware and Software Needed for This Book 4 Understanding What the "Networking Essentials" Exam (#70-58) Covers 5 Standards and Terminology 6 Planning 6 Implementation 7 Troubleshooting 7 Tips for the Exam 7 1 How to Become an MCSE Overview of the MCSE Process Charting Your Course Registering for the Exams How to Pass MCSE Exams Identifying Exam Topics Dissecting Exam Questions The Day of the Exam How to Pass This Test 18 2 Introduction to Network Models and Components Overview Objectives Networking Basics Transmission Facilities Access Devices Connection Concentrators Software Components The Evolution of Networks The OSI Reference Model Layer 1: The Physical Layer Layer 2: The Data Link Layer Layer 3: The Network Layer Layer 4: The Transport Layer Layer 5: The Session Layer Layer 6: The Presentation Layer Layer 7: The Application Layer The Model's Usage The IEEE Network Reference Model The IEEE 802 Series of Standards The IEEE 802 Reference Model NDIS and ODI 37 Lab 38 Questions 38
3 3 Network Types and Topologies Overview Objectives LAN-Attached Devices File Servers Print Servers Application Servers Network Types Peer-to-Peer Networks Client/Server Networks Combination Networks LAN Topologies Bus Topology Ring Topology Star Topology Switches and Topology 58 Lab 61 Questions 61 4 Transmission Media Overview Objectives The Fundamentals of Data Transmission Bandwidth Distance Implications Attenuation Distortion Tangible Transmission Media Coaxial Cable Unshielded Twisted-Pair Shielded Twisted-Pair Twisted-Pair Crossover Cable Fiber Optic Cable Wireless LANs Wireless Station Connectivity Wireless Peer-to-Peer Connectivity Wireless Hub Interconnectivity Wireless Bridges Wireless Transmission Technologies Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Single Band Radio Frequency Direct Infrared Diffuse Infrared Laser 91
4 vi I Teach Yourself MCSE Networking Essentials in 14 Days Lab 92 Questions 92 Applying Your Knowledge 93 5 Media Access Overview Objectives Media Access Contention-based Media Access Implications of Contention-based Media Access Timing Is Everything Token-based Media Access Token Ring FDDI Demand-priority Media Access Accessing Media in a Switched LAN Switching Contention-based Networks Switching Token-Passing Networks Connecting to the LAN Network Interface Cards (NICs) Network Device Drivers 110 Lab Ill Questions LAN Architectures Overview Objectives 115, 6.2. Ethernet IEEE Layered Functions Physical Implementations Basic Limitations Topologies Token Ring Standardization oftoken Ring Physical Components Topologies FDDI Functional Components Transmission Media Building FDDI Networks Port Types and Attachment Methods Topologies and Implementations ATM Connection Types Local Area Network Emulation (LANE) 144
5 Contents. vii 6.6.ARCnet 147 Lab 148 Questions 148 Applying Your Knowledge Network Protocols Overview Objectives Protocol Stacks The Internet Protocol, Version 4 (IPv4) Application Layer Host-to-Host Layer Internet Layer IP Addressing Scheme TCP/IP's Future The Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) IPv6 Unicast Address Structures IPv6 Transitional Unicast Address Structures IPv6 Anycast Address Structures IPv6 Multicast Address Structures Novell's IPX/SPX Application Layer Internet Layer Medium Access and Data Link Layers IPX Addressing Apple Corporation's AppleTalk Protocol Suite Appletalk Application Layer AppleTalk Session Layer AppleTalk Transport Layer AppleTalk Datagram Delivery Layer AppleTalk Data Link Layer AppleTalk Addressing Scheme NetBEUI DECnet 175 Lab 176 Questions Network Design Overview Objectives Analyzing Needs Scale Distance Resources 183
6 viii I Teach Yourself MCSE Networking Essentials in 14 Days 8.3. Choosing Software Client Operating Systems Server Operating System Network Operating System Networking Protocols Hardware and Media Considerations How Hardware and Software Interact Choosing Hardware Media Considerations Connecting LANs Network Adapters Lab 197 Questions 197 Exercises Network Server and Client Setup Overview Objectives The Server-Based Network Network Operating Systems Role of the Client Role of the Server Installing Windows NT Hardware Requirements Partitioning Your Hard Drive Naming Your Computer Defining the Role Your Computer Will Play Configuring a Network Interface Card Setting Up the Protocol Stack Setting Up Basic Network Services Network Printing File Sharing Network Fax and Modem Access Network Applications Group Scheduling Groupware The Client/Server Model The Client The Server 226 Lab 227 Questions Network Administration Overview Objectives 233
7 Contents. ix Administrator Responsibilities The Network Environment User Account Setup and Modification Group Account Setup and Modification Network Performance Issues Monitoring Network Performance Windows NT Performance Monitor SNMP Network Security Setting a Security Policy Planning Physical Security Assigning Passwords and Access Permissions Planning an Audit Policy Using Encryption Using Virus Protection Avoiding Data Loss Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Tape Backup Systems Fault-Tolerant Systems Planning for Disaster Recovery 255 Lab 256 Questions 256 Exercises Remote Access Overview Objectives Modems Types of Modems Carriers Remote Access Software Microsoft Remote Access Service 267 Lab 268 Questions Expanding the Network Overview Objectives Increasing the Network's Diameter Extending the Bus Adding a Repeater Mixing Transmission Media Increasing the Number of Devices Adding Taps Adding Multiport Repeaters 279
8 x i Teach Yourself MCSE Networking Essentials in 14 Days Segmentation Bridge Switch Router Gateway 290 Lab 293 Questions 293 Applying Your Knowledge Wide Area Networks (WANs) Overview Objectives WAN Overview Circuit-Switched Networking Dial-up Telephone Lines ISDN Switched Dedicated Circuit Networking Dedicated Analog Lines T-Carrier Services Packet-Switched Networking The X.25 Protocol Frame Relay Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) Advanced WAN Technologies Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Planning a WAN Scale Distance Speed and Cost 314 Lab 316 Questions Network Troubleshooting Overview Objectives Planning to Prevent Problems Backups Security Documenting the Network Standards Upgrades 324
9 Contents, xi Monitoring Network Activity Performance Monitor Troubleshooting the Network Troubleshooting Procedures Troubleshooting Tools Information Resources TechNet Online Resources Periodicals 334 Lab 335 Questions 335 A Glossary 338 B Answers to Review Questions 360 Chapter 2, "Introduction to Network Models and Components" 360 Chapter 3, "Network Types and Topologies" '. 362 Chapter 4, "Transmission Media" 363 Chapter 5, "Media Access" 364 Chapter 6, "LAN Architectures" 366 Chapter 7, "Network Protocols" 367 Chapter 8, "Network Design" 369 Chapter 9, "Network Server and Client Setup" 370 Chapter 10, "Network Administration" 371 Chapter 11, "Remote Access" 373 Chapter 12, "Expanding the Network" 373 Chapter 13, "Wide Area Networks (WANs)" 374 Chapter 14, "Network Troubleshooting" 375 C The Employable MCSE 378 C.l. Valuing Your Certification 378 C.l.l. Giving the Most, Getting the Most 378 C.2. Specializing in Your Field 379 C.2.1. Focusing Your Skills 379 C.2.2. Maintaining Your Certifications 379 C.2.3. Increasing Your Certifications 379 C.2.4. Corporate Views on Certification 380 C.2.5. Low-Cost Certification Preparation 380 C.3. Maintaining Your Technical Edge 381 C.3.1.Newsfeeds 381 C.3.2. Forums 381 C.3.3. Networking with Your Peers 382 C.3.4. Technical Conferences 382
10 xii I Teach Yourself MCSE Networking Essentials in 14 Days C.4. Increasing Your Opportunities 383 C.4.1. Finding a Job Online 383 C.4.2. High-Tech Recruiters 383 C.4.3. Self-Employed MCSEs 383 C.5. Overcoming the Technical Interview 384 C.5.1. Researching Potential Employers 384 C.5.2. Breadth and Depth 385 C.5.5. Developing Real-World Experience 387 C.5.6. Anticipating Interview Questions 387 C.5.7. Sample Questions 388 C.6. Summary 389 D Protocol Definitions and Standards 390 D.I. The Need for Standards 390 D.2. Standards Organizations 392 D.2.1. ANSI 392 D.2.2. EIA 393 D.2.3. EIA/TIA 394 D.2.4. IEEE 395 D.2.5. ISO 396 D.2.6. IEC 396 D.2.7. IAB 397 D.2.8. ITU 397 D.2.9.TIA 398 Index 400
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