Physical Computing Self-Quiz

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1 Physical Computing Self-Quiz The following are questions you should be able to answer by the middle of the semeter in Introduction to Physical Computing. Give yourself 6.5 points for questions where you did not need to consult a reference. Give yourself 4.16 points if you get it right after looking it up. 0 points if you can t find the answer. Scrawl you score on a minuscule piece of paper and hide in a crevice somewhere at ITP. Give a definition for physical interaction. What is the ambition of every electron? Alternately, what is the tendency of electrical current? How do we turn that to our advantage? What is the dreaded short circuit? Explain the difference between an analog sensor and a digital sensor. Give examples of both. Describe how you might make a home made switch for sensing when someone is sitting in a chair. Draw a circuit for a digital input to a microcontroller. What does the resistor (called a pulldown resistor) do? For analog input we use two major types: variable resistors and integrated circuits with an analog voltage output. Can you give 3 examples of variable resistors and 1 example of a device that gives off an analog voltage?

2 What is the maximum resolution your Arduino can give for an analog input reading? How many bits of memory does this take up? Do you get that full resolution from most sensors? What sensor is most likely to give you you the full resolution? Draw a picture of an analog input circuit using a variable resistor, using a second resistor to make a voltage divider. Draw the circuit for connecting a potentiometer to a microcontroller's analog input pin. How do you determine the range of values from any given sensor? What can you do to improve the resolution of the voltage divider circuit for a variable resistor? -0- When should you care about the resolution of an analog input?

3 What are some of the characteristics that must be agreed upon by both sides to allow serial communication to happen? Which are under your control? How big a number can fit in a byte? What do you do if you need to send a bigger number? Your Arduino cannot output an analog voltage. How does it fake it for an LED or for an RC servomotor? How does it fake it for sound? How do you determine the range of values that you need from an input function in order to control a given output function? How do you make the idiosyncratic values you get from a sensor work with for the values expected by a given output function in Arduino? Label each of the electronic components in this diagram and describe what they re doing in this circuit:

4 Resistor R1: Resistor R2: Capacitor C1: IC1: Transistor Q1: D1: LED1: Motor M1: G: VCC: What formula would you use to calculate the value for the resistor in the following circuit? What is the value? What happens if you don t use enough resistance? If you wanted to make the LED in the circuit above dimmer, what change would you make to the resistor? What formula would you use to determine how many amps will be drawn by a 60Watt light at 120Volts?

5 There are resistive loads and inductive loads. Give an example of each. What is tricky about inductive loads? Of the multiple uses of a multimeter what are the two most commonly used in physical computing? When absolutely nothing works on your breadboard, what is the most basic thing to check using a multimeter? What does the serial monitor do? You can interpret the bytes you send on a serial connection as binary values or as ASCII characters. What are the benefits of these two methods? From within the ASCII table (you may use give the range for these groups: control characters letters numeric characters non-ascii values If you send bytes encoded as ASCII letters from Arduino and interpret them as binary values in Processing, what range of numbers will you see?

6 How does the serial monitor interpret bytes? What would you see if you sent it what it wasn t expecting? What do delimiters do? What makes a good one? Why does using ASCII provide you with so many options? What are the most commonly used delimiters? What do you do if the current output of the arduino is not enough to power the device you want to control? Identify the components that are in series below, and those that are in parallel: Fill in the blanks: When components are in series, the through them is the same. When components are in parallel, the across them is the same. When you put batteries in series the adds up. When you put batteries in parallel the adds up.

7 Make a schematic diagram of the following circuit: What are the following components most commonly used for: Transistor Diode Resistor Potentiometer H-Bridge Relay Write a program to read a digital input on an Arduino and print the result out to the serial monitor.

8 Write a program to read a digital input on an Arduino, compare the current reading to the last reading, and if the state of the input has changed, print the result out to the serial monitor. A potentiometer attached to an Arduino's analog input returns a result of 435 when read using the analogread() command. What is the voltage between the input and ground? Write a program to read an analog input on an Arduino, map the result to a range from 0 to 255, and fade an LED. Write a program to read an analog input on an Arduino and send the result serially to a desktop computer in a single byte.

9 Write a program to read three analog inputs on an Arduino and send the results serially to a desktop computer as an ASCII string, separated by commas, and terminated by a newline and carriage return. Extra Credit: Write program to read an analog in put and send it out the serial port once a second. Don t use the delay command.

Physical Computing Self-Quiz

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