Introduction to Microcontroller Apps for Amateur Radio Projects Using the HamStack Platform.

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1 Introduction to Microcontroller Apps for Amateur Radio Projects Using the HamStack Platform

2 Topics Introduction Hardware options Software development HamStack project examples

3 Ideas for Projects Using PIC Microcontrollers TR sequencer Memory keyer CW keyboard Station power controller Rotor controller Tone generator Test equipment controller Speaker / audio router Repeater controller Fox hunt tx controller Radio control Morse code decoder APRS encoder Frequency counter Battery monitor Audio meter

4 Frequent Question That We Get I have a project in mind, what should I use? PIC? Basic Stamp? Arduino? Scratch-Built code? Embedded Linux? C Language? Basic? Assembly? Board? Chip? Module?

5 Our Answer The HamStack Platform Microchip PIC 18F Max flash (64k) & RAM (4k) SPI, I2C, UART, PWM, A/D 30 IO pins 40 MHz to 64 MHz Arduino compatible board layout Built in voltage regulator and RS232 Uses Microchip PicKit programmers Free C compiler Free Basic language compiler

6 Topics Introduction Hardware options Software development HamStack project examples

7 Picking a Microcontroller Selection Criteria for Ham Radio Projects Cheap Easy to program (relatively) Serial interface (for control and configuration) Fast Non-volatile flash memory (program and data) 5V supply and I/O Wide variety of IO besides digital in/out A/D converter, SPI, UART, I2C, PWM (tone), etc DIP package Code examples Big eco-system RF immune Low noise generation

8 PIC 18Fxxxx Family

9 Processing Horsepower 1 MIP 16 MIPs < PIC Microcontroller

10 Devices for Hobby Projects Atmel AVR Basic Stamp Arduino Microchip PIC HamStack Chips Modules Boards

11 CPU Comparison Arduino Arduino HamStack HamStack Parallax Parallax Processor Processor ATMega328 ATMega328 PIC PIC 18F46K22 18F4620 Basic Basic Stamp Stamp II II Vendor Speed Atmel 20 MHz Microchip 64 MHzPIC Microchip 20 MHz PIC Speed Instructions per second 2020,000,000 MHz 16,000, MHz 4, MHz RAM RAM 2,028 2,028 bytes bytes 4,096 bytes bytes Flash Flash memory memory for for program program store store 32,000 32,000 64,000 2,048 Flash Flash memory memory for for data data storage storage bytes bytes bytes bytes None None Onboard Peripherals Onboard Peripherals 8 Bit 8 counter Bit counter / timer / timer None None 16 bit 16 counter bit counter / timer / timer None PWM PWM Yes Yes 10 bit 10 A bit to A D to converter D converter None Serial Serial UART UART SPI SPI serial serial interface interface None I2C I2C serial serial interface interface None None Digital Digital IO pins IO pins Total IO pins at any time Total IO pins at any time Form factor Board Board Chip Form Assembled Kit Assembled Kit/Assembled Assembled Kit Assembled CPU CPU board board / module $ $ $ $ $ 49.00

12 What s Inside a PIC 18Fxxxx CPU Chip?

13

14 Lets Use the 18F2620 CPU up to 10 MIPS performance (40 MHz) CPU up to 16 MIPS performance (64 MHz) C, Assembler, Basic compiler support 8 x 8 Single Cycle Hardware Multiply System Internal oscillator support 31 khz to 8 MHz Fail-Safe Clock Monitor allows safe shutdown if clock fails Watchdog Timer with separate RC oscillator Wide operating Voltage range; 2.0V to 5.5V nanowatt Power Managed Modes Run, Idle and Sleep modes Idle mode currents down to 5.8uA typical Sleep mode currents down to 0.1uA typical Analog Features 10-bit ADC, 10 channels, 100K samples/second Programmable Low Voltage Detection Module Programmable Brown-out Reset module Two Analog comparators with input multiplexing Peripherals Master Synchronous Serial Port supports SPI and I2C Master and Slave Mode EUSART module including LIN bus support Four Timer Modules Up to 2 PWM outputs

15 18F F F8722 All code compatible, just more pins 28 Pins 80 Pins 40 Pins

16 Minimum Configuration PicKit2 Programmer Power Input

17 User Configurable I/O Pins PicKit2 Programmer 6 Analog Input Or Digital I/O Pins Power Input 13 Digital I/O Pins

18 Many Special Purpose I/O Pins PicKit2 Programmer Timers PWM 6 Analog Input Or Digital I/O Pins SPI / I2C Clock PWM Power Input UART SPI data out SPI Data In or I2C Data Interrupt

19 Let s Add Some Additional Input / Output Devices Analog Inputs Digital Inputs Digital Outputs

20 Now Lets Add an RS-232 Interface RS-232 Interface

21 The HamStack Platform Microchip PIC 18F Max flash (64k) & RAM (4k) SPI, I2C, UART, PWM, A/D 30 IO pins 40 MHz to 64 MHz Arduino compatible board layout Built in voltage regulator and RS232 Uses Microchip PicKit programmers Free C compiler Free Basic language compiler

22 Arduino Compatability HamStack RS232 Rx - RS232 Tx - RE2 Digital IO - RA4 Digital IO / Mode button - RC1 Digital IO / PWM 2 - RC2 Digital IO / PWM 1 - Status LED - Programming pin (data) - Programming pin (clock) - RB4 Digital IO - RB3 Digital IO - RB2 Digital IO - RB1 Digital IO - RB0 Digital IO - Reset Reset 3.3v 3.3v 5v 5v Ground Ground Ground Ground External input voltage External input voltage Arduino Uno Bias (2.5v not supplied by CPU board) Aref Ground Ground RC3 Digital IO / SPI CK / I2C Clock (13) Digital IO / SPI CK / LED RC5 Digital IO / SPI DO (12) Digital IO / SPI DO RC4 Digital IO / SPI DI / I2C Data (11) Digital IO / PWM / SPI DI RA5 Digital IO / SPI SS / (10) Digital IO / PWM / SPI SS RD7 Digital IO / UART 2 Rx (9) Digital IO / PWM RD6 Digital IO / UART 2 Tx (8) Digital IO RA0 Digital IO / AN0 analog in 0 Analog in 0 RA1 Digital IO / AN1 analog in 1 Analog in 1 RA2 Digital IO / AN2 analog in 2 Analog in 2 RA3 Digital IO / AN3 analog in 3 Analog in 3 RE0 Digital IO / AN4 analog in 4 RE1 Digital IO / AN5 analog in 5 RD5 Digital IO RD4 Digital IO RD3 Digital IO RD2 Digital IO RD1 Digital IO RD0 Digital IO RC6 Digital IO / Serial UART 1 Tx RC7 Digital IO / Serial UART 1 Rx Analog in 4 / I2C Data Analog in 5 / I2C Clock (7) Digital IO (6) Digital IO / PWM (5) Digital IO / PWM (4) Digital IO (3) Digital IO / PWM / Interrupt (2) Digital IO / Interrupt input (1) Digital IO / Serial UART Tx (0) Digital IO / Serial UART Rx

23 HamStack CPU Board

24 Stacking Board Concept Accessory Board CPU Board Project Board

25 Dual relay board stacked on top of the CPU board

26 ZigBee RF Module

27 Topics Introduction Hardware options Software development HamStack project examples

28 Software Development Flow Edit source code Use any ASCII text editor test.c Compile program Compile or assemble into executable file test.hex Download into CPU Use PicKit2 or similar programmer to transfer the.hex file into the program store flash memory in the PIC Run program It s alive!

29 Compilers Microchip MPLAB IDE & Assembler Text editor Assembler Debugger Free!

30 Microchip C18 Compiler Full-featured C compiler ANSI compliant Compatibility with object modules generated by the MPASM assembler Extensive library support PWM SPI I 2 C UART, USART string manipulation math libraries Free version available

31 Swordfish Basic Editor/Compiler Powerful and easy to use basic language String handling Relational operations Boolean Logic Operators Floating Point Math In line assembly Graphical LCD support Compact Flash USB in/out SPI I 2 C DS OneWire UART ASCII Lite version $FREE Full version $150

32 All Programs Have a Common Control Program Structure Initialize Program Read Inputs Make Decisions Loop forever Write Outputs Subroutine Library

33 Blinky Written in Swordfish Basic ' ============================================================================ ' blinky.bas ' Blinking LED demo using Swordfish Basic ' ============================================================================ Device 18F4620 Clock = 10 ' Select device type ' Set clock frequency to 40 MHz TRISC.1 = 0 ' Set pin C1 connected to the status LED to be an output While true Low PORTC.1 DelayMS (200) High PORTC.1 DelayMS (200) Wend ' Set pin C1 low (0 volts) LED on ' Delay 200 ms ' Set pin C1 high (5 volts) LED off ' Delay 200 ms Loop forever

34 Blinky Written in Microchip C18 /* blinky.c - This is a simple program that blinks the status LED */ #include <p18cxxx.h> /* Use PIC18 processor family */ #pragma config WDT = OFF /* Turn off watchdog timer checking */ /************************************************************************/ void delay (void) /* Delay subroutine */ { } long i; /* Declare variable i as a long integer */ for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++); /* Increment the counter */ /************************************************************************/ /************************************************************************/ void main (void) { TRISC = 0; /* Set IO register C to output mode */ while (1) /* Loop forever */ LATCbits.LATC1 = 0; /* Turn on status LED */ delay (); /* Wait by calling the delay subroutine */ LATCbits.LATC1 = 1; /* Turn off status LED */ delay (); /* Wait by calling the delay subroutine */ } } /************************************************************************/

35 For Advanced Projects - HamStack C Library Cooperative multi-tasking kernel supports Unlimited number of milisecond timers Sine wave tone generation Interrupt driven serial port send and receive Interrupt driven CW generation Interrupt driven DTMF generation 2 line x 16 character LCD display Shift register digital i/o expansion A/D converter support Dallas Semiconductor DS18B20 one-wire digital temperature chip Interrupt driven rotary encoder support, for user controls CW keyer functions

36 In-Circuit Programmer Downloads the Program Open the.hex file Hit the Write button

37 Topics Introduction Hardware options Software development HamStack project examples

38 Temperature Controlled Fan In High-Power Dummy Load

39 Temperature Controlled Fan In High-Power Dummy Load

40 GPIO Board with CPU Module

41 Station Control Demonstration RS485 RS485 RS485 RS485 RS485 RS485 HamStack CPU & General Purpose IO Boards AC Power Relay Antenna Relay Hardware Control Head Temperature Probe Voltage Probe PC Virtual Control Head software RS232 RS232 Serial Hub RS232 Elecraft K3

42 GPIO Board

43 GPIO Board

44 HamStack Project Board

45 HamStack Project Board

46 HamStack Project Board Keyer

47 The HamStack Platform CPU Board kit Starter Pack GPIO Board kit Project Pack Accessories

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