Managing the Digital Connection

Transcription

1 Managing the Digital Connection Strategies to Build Successful Systems 09 May 2013 Biju Pillai Senior Technical Manager, Middle East Extron Electronics

2 Analog AV Signals Composite Video Y/C VGA / RGBHV Audio Component Video

3 Digital AV Signals DVI HDMI DisplayPort

4 FUTURE PROOFING Why must it be done?

5 Analog PC s Phased Out A number of the top PC companies are phasing out analog display connections over the next few years, meaning that the PC's future will be a digital one. AMD and Intel, two of the top graphics companies, joined PC makers Dell and Lenovo as well as display manufacturers Samsung and LG Display to announce that they would phase out support for the Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) display technology by around 2013, and the legacy VGA connection by about NVidia, the other top graphics company, did not join the others.

6 AACS Analog Sunset Compliance Rules for Licensed Products Manufacturers: As of Dec. 31, 2010 Licensed Content Product shall limit the analog outputs for decrypted AACS content to SD interlaced 480i only

7 AACS Analog Sunset Compliance Rules for Licensed Products Manufacturers: As of Dec. 31, 2013 no licensed content player shall be manufactured or sold with analog outputs Digital only

8 DIGITAL SIGNALS

9 DVI Digital Visual Interface

10 DVI Digital Visual Interface Uncompressed digital video signal designed for digital displays Utilizes TMDS signal transmission Developed by Silicon Image (1999) Delivers a pixel perfect image to the display No setup required No support for audio

11 TMDS Single Link up to 165 MHz Hz max

12 DVI Distance and Communication DVI specifications do not define transmission distance Cable performance may limit distance to short runs Common integration distances 35 /11m and up typically require additional product solutions DVI also requires EDID communication Allows the display to communicate its capabilities to the source device

13 HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface

14 HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface Uses TMDS like DVI with additional signals and features Digital audio including Dolby TrueHD and DTS HD Master Audio Analog audio up to 8 channels (24 bit/192 khz sampling) CEC Consumer Electronic Control Delivers a pixel perfect image to the display No set up required

15 HDMI TMDS

16 HDMI Distance HDMI specifications do not define transmission distance Cable construction continues to improve Consistency of mechanical construction Dielectric material Pre terminated connections Other factors that improve performance Larger AWG (24 and 22 AWG) Silver and gold plated connectors and conductors HDMI connector Result is improved performance, reliability, and distance

17 DISPLAYPORT

18 DisplayPort Royalty free uncompressed digital audio/video interconnect Developed as a replacement to the VGA connector Utilizes micro packet signal transmission Designed for both internal and external displays Eliminates LVDS in Laptops (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) DisplayPort supports transmission over 15 meters 1080p, 8 bits color 50/60Hz Reduced distances for higher data rates

19 DisplayPort Micro Packet Signal Transmission

20 DisplayPort Compatibility DisplayPort 1.1a and up supports Dual mode Devices Supports DVI & HDMI Sink devices Limited to Single Link specifications Requires adapter with built in active protocol converter When source side cable adapter is discovered DisplayPort reconfigures connector pins in DVI/HDMI mode

21 DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN STRATEGIES

22 Digital Design Strategies Maintaining Signal Integrity EDID Communications Management Resolution Color Space Audio Format Content Protection DRM HDCP AACS

23 MAINTAINING SIGNAL INTEGRITY

24 Signal Integrity Digital Video Signal Loss Cliff Effect Good LCD Monitor Signal Quality Acceptable Signal Level Bad Cable Length Analog Signal Digital Signal

25 Signal Integrity What Matters? With an analog signal the shape is important Amplitude = intensity Rise and fall times = sharpness With digital signals, Bit Error is what is important Can the receiving circuit properly identify a data bit as being high or low

26 Signal Integrity Loss Digital video signals consist of high speed transitions Very susceptible to degradation from: Cable attenuation Cable capacitance Impedance mismatch Noise coupling Crosstalk Cabling / System All factors that effect the receiver s ability to distinguish high and low transitions

27 Signal Integrity Testing The Eye Diagram Mask is used to show the threshold of acceptable loss System loss causes the eye to distort and close The receiver s sensitivity determines the size of the Mask Poor Good Excellent Eye Diagram Mask

28 Signal Integrity Loss Difficult to anticipate Image quality does not degrade like analog Cliff effect Occurs when the receiver can no longer distinguish high and low values Too many bit errors have occurred = = = No image

29 EDID Extended Display Information Data

30 EDID Extended Display Identification Data Developed by VESA in 1994 Allows exchange of data between display and source device Communication occurs over specific pins DDC Display Data Channel Digital link between display and source Bidirectional serial data Required for Plug and play compliance

31 EDID AND RESOLUTION

32 EDID Sequence Power on PC or activate external monitor on laptop Computer requests EDID Display sends EDID data Computer attempts to match display parameters DDC connection Native 1680 x 1050 EDID information sent to graphics card

33 EDID Resolution What if I have different displays within the system? Commercial systems have different source and display resolutions Can display s built in scaler resolve the selected resolutions? Do we need external scalers and where? System must be designed with minimum number of different resolutions 16: x : x : x 768 5: x 1024

34 EDID AND COLOR SPACE

35 EDID Color Space Source Is it RGB or Component? Active components in signal path? Can this be set via EDID or manually? Will the settings store on power off? Sink What is the sink capable of? Does it prefer RGB or component? How does it react to change in color space? Different setup options can affect color space format Digital System Switcher requests YCbCr Display expects RGB

36 EDID AND DIGITAL AUDIO

37 EDID Audio Considerations Embedded or Separate Audio HDMI and DisplayPort have embedded audio Blu Ray, Cable/Satellite receivers and media players have both embedded and analog audio outputs Sinks Projectors and displays may or may not support audio Audio/Video Latency Lip Sync issues Where is the video delayed

38 EDID Audio Potential Problems DVI display is being used (DVI does not support audio) EDID errors being translated between devices What to look for Verify a DVI display is not being used Verify EDID between devices is using EDID manager software Supports 6 channel DTS Audio Supports 2 channel PCM Audio Display Blu ray Source HDMI Scaler

39 DRM Digital Rights Management

40 DRM Protects Content Usage Allow playback Private environment or listening Commercial spaces Copy Block or allow

41 HDCP High bandwidth Digital Content Protection

42 HDCP HDCP is not a DRM HDCP encrypts and protects content as it is transmitted as a digital data stream Hardware vs. Software We see some Blu ray and Mac Laptops that require HDCP connection 24/7 regardless of software

43 HDCP 1 st Authentication Initial key exchange public keys (KSV) Public key sent I m a Repeater Public key sent Downstream device keys aren t revoked You have 5 seconds to tell me who is downstream

44 HDCP Authentication Repeater key exchange downstream public keys (KSV) Keys 1 A294R59SKO360 2 F93KO2MG84KDL 3 C32960VLS9305K Here is the key of the connected device Public key sent Public key sent Downstream device keys aren t revoked Responded to source in less than 5 seconds The number of downstream devices doesn t exceed the limit Source may support a limited number of keys

45 HDCP 2 nd Content Encryption Secret keys (km) are then calculated session key Private device keys and the other device s public keys (KSV) are used to calculate the session key (km) Source periodically revises session key (km) Only supports 3 devices/keys Receiver decrypts & re encrypts data Keys 1 A294R59SKO360 2 F93KO2MG84KDL 3 C32960VLS9305K Encrypted data sent 4 th device will not have a key for decryption

46 HDCP 3 rd Renewability Allows HDCP licensor to revoke HDCP devices that have been compromised The device s public keys (KSV) are placed on a revocation list This list is distributed with protected content during system renewability messages SRM The public keys (KSV) on the revocation list are compared during authentication

47 HDCP 3 rd System Renewability Message Designed to revoke compromised keys revocation list Only source device is updated with the list SRM 2.0 Revocation List 1 A2B12459SKO360 2 F913OPMG84KDL 3 V45E60VLS9305K 4 E49A0FD3CB81F SRM V.1.3 V.2.0 The Blu ray Disc should Update the player with a List of compromised keys There are billions of keys devices in the market place Enforcement is a daunting task

48 AACS Advanced Access Content System

49 AACS Advanced Access Content System AACS is a standard for encrypting high definition optical discs It works in conjunction with HDCP Ensures only authorized players can read the content Disc will ensure source in not on the revocation list AACS provides for eventual elimination of analog video outputs on Blu ray Disc players Analog Sunset

50 AACS AACS works with HDCP ICT Image Constraint Token No high resolution analog output 480i DOT Digital Only Token No analog output HDCP output only!!! Revocation List The Black List of Keys

51 MANAGING THE DIGITAL CONNECTION Summary

52 Summary Digital signals are here to stay Proper digital signal management is critical in order to get an image Unlike analog signals there s very little grace In most cases communication is required in order to get a signal EDID HDCP Design accordingly

53 Strategies to Build Successful Systems MANAGING THE DIGITAL CONNECTION

54 TWISTED PAIR SOLUTIONS

55 Why Use Twisted Pair? Long Distance Transmission High resolution Digital signals can be sent longer distances over twisted pair cable. Up to 330 /100m Digital Video Digital Video 1600x1200

56 Why Use Twisted Pair? Use of existing cable infrastructure Many facilities will have unused pre terminated twisted pair cable pulled throughout the building that the AV Integrator can use Twisted pair cable can also be easier, faster, and less expensive to terminate compared to coaxial cable AV UTP Cable MHR 5 Coaxial Cable VGA Cable

57 Wire Map Determines if the cable has been terminated correctly According to a standard T568A

58 System Examples Video Using UTP CAT 5e Blu ray Aux In Receiver Computer HDMI DVI DVI DVI Digital Switcher UTP Tx UTP Tx UTP Tx UTP Rx UTP Rx UTP Rx DVI / HDMI DVI / HDMI DVI / HDMI Display 1080p Display 1080p Display 1080p

59 Small Classroom System Example HDMI Blu ray UTP Tx DVI DOC Cam Receiver UTP Tx HDMI UTP Tx Switcher with built in receivers HDMI Display 1280 x 800 VGA Control Room Computer UTP Tx

60 Selecting the Right Signal Distribution Infrastructure FIBER OPTICS

61 Transmission Methods Up to 330 /100 m Twisted Pair Digital Up to 18 mi/30km Fiber Optic Digital & Analog

62 Thank you