Computational Fluid Dynamics in AEC. Abdullah Karimi & Ramin Rezaei

Transcription

1 Computational Fluid Dynamics in AEC Abdullah Karimi & Ramin Rezaei

2 Table of Contents Energy Consumption Technology Trends What CFD really is? CFD in AEC? How CFD works? Challenges using CFD Application: Mercedes-Benz Stadium Mission Critical Healthcare Thermal Comfort October 27,

3 Energy Consumption in U.S Quadrillion Btu Year Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration October 27,

4 Technology Trends Source: Business Advantage October 27,

5 Technology Trends Usage: Optimization (79%), Design validation (73%) Prediction of product performance (67%) Source: Business Advantage October 27,

6 What CFD really is? Uses computers to solve fluid flow physics Complex mathematics, physics Models the actual flow behavior Used in every industry today Image Source: Google Image Search for keyword CFD October 27,

7 Why CFD in AEC? Three dimensional information Accurate optimization Cost effective No overdesign Save energy!

8 Applications in AEC Thermal comfort Contaminants distribution Design verification Equipment design/sizing Non-conventional systems

9 How CFD Works? CFD NS LBM CAD CAD Mesh Solve Solve Visualize Visualize

10 Challenges using CFD Expertise Compute intensive CAD-to-CFD Prohibitive Licensing

11 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

12 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

13 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

14 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

15 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

16 Mercedes-Benz Stadium Metal ETFE ETFE October 27,

17 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

18 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

19 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

20 Mercedes-Benz Stadium October 27,

21 Mercedes-Benz Stadium Cost saved: ~$8 M Comfort verified Iterative design process October 27,

22 Mission Critical October 27,

23 Thermal Storage Tank Generators will energize upon main power failure The UPS system will run the system till the start-up of the back up generator UPS can provide power between minutes TES Tanks store enough chilled water that in the event of a power failure 15 minutes of stored chilled water at 60 degree Verify even flow through storage tanks during failure scenario October 27,

24 Thermal Storage Tank Different octagonal inlet and outlet diffusers with different sizes and locations of the slots in the diffusers The design achievement is judged by discharge time of the chilled water at the design temperature Optimized diffusers design October 27,

25 Thermal Storage Tank Provide at least 15 minutes chilled water during power outage with an optimum diffuser design Show the performance of an innovative design Optimized design Original design October 27,

26 Thermal Storage Tank The instantaneous temperature contours at the vertical cross section of the tank Minimal thermal stratification October 27,

27 Thermal Storage Tank Optimized the design with a modified diffusers pattern and go even beyond the design cost through reducing the size of the tanks Reduced the energy used to bleed off the main loop for the life of the building Verified CFD model results with field test data (with 2% margin of error) Provided chilled water enough for future expansion with no extra cost. October 27,

28 Data Center Performing 3D CFD model for different scenarios and parameterizing the design variables Providing 3D temperature, pressure and velocity contour in the entire data center to locate hot spots and reversed flow locations Applying details in the model such as gaps between racks to investigate air leakage Suggesting solutions in the failed scenarios Pushing the limits on supply air temperature October 27,

29 Data Center Supply temperature: 69 F Total IT heat load: 1800 KW Supply air: CFM 0.5 in gap between hot and cold aisle October 27,

30 Data Center October 27,

31 Data Center Enabling clients to push the limits and save air supply into the data center Avoiding the hot spots October 27,

32 Healthcare October 27,

33 Hospital Helipad Applying details in the 3D CFD model such as surrounding buildings October 27,

34 Hospital Helipad Primary AHU design with the intakes at the bottom Secondary AHU design with the intakes at front Outside air intakes Rooftop AHU October 27,

35 Hospital Helipad Dominant wind speed-direction North wind- 20 mph South East wind-20mph Helicopter Model WIND WHEEL of the DC area Helicopter idling time Boeing MD Explorer 902 with two Pratt & Whitney Boeing MD Explorer 902 October 27,

36 Hospital Helipad Iso-Surface Co 10ppm Secondary AHU design with the intakes at front 20 mph north wind North wind North wind October 27,

37 Hospital Helipad Co concentration at AHUs intakes No-wind (PPM) 20 MPH-north wind-primary AHU (PPM) 20 MPH-north wind-secondary AHU (PPM) 20 MPH- South West wind- Secondary AHU (PPM) AHU E-5 AHU E-5 AHU E-7 AHU E-8 AHU E-8 AHU E-9 October 27,

38 Hospital Helipad October 27,

39 Thermal Comfort October 27,

40 Thermal comfort application Stadiums Theaters Office buildings Airports Casino Classrooms October 27,

41 Rehearsal Room Perimeter radiant heating vs VRF terminal units Heat transfer through the windows Thermal comfort on humans inside the room windows October 27,

42 Rehearsal Room October 27,

43 Rehearsal Room October 27,

44 Thanks for your attention Questions? October 27,