DEEP DIVE INTO CLOUD COMPUTING

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1 International Journal of Research in Engineering, Technology and Science, Volume VI, Special Issue, July ISSN DEEP DIVE INTO CLOUD COMPUTING Ranvir Gorai 1 Department Of Computer Science & Engineering, R.V.S. College of Engineering & Technology, Jamshedpur, India ABSTRACT: Cloud Computing is universal convenient on demand network access to share a configurable computer resources (like Networks, Server, Storage, Applications, Services etc.) That can be rapidly provisioned and released with least effort of management or service provider interaction. Now a day Cloud Computing is part of life everywhere we have need computers for work research etc. As the use of computer in our day-to-day increases rapidly. Here we know about Infrastructure of cloud, how cloud provide services from a distributed storage to centralize clients system, different layers and models of cloud, storage technique of cloud and disaster recovery mechanism. Keywords: Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, SAN, RAID, Disaster Recovery [1] INTRODUCTION It is an evolution in internet due to the concept of cloud computing which helps very much to organize data, share resources of machine over the internet, and it create a very huge change in business strategy as a result it affect all small and large business organization. Companies like Microsoft, Google and Amazon, uses the resources when they need it, but when it comes to smaller organization or enterprise affordability and maintenance become a big factor. So computing is moved away from personal computer even in the individual server to cloud of computers. Cloud is a virtualize server pool it provide the computing resources to their client. Cloud provide user based authentication, so it is very secure data storage, security is archive by the encryption of data. The cloud is basically built by three layers SaaS (Software as Service), PaaS (Platform as Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure as Service). There is other type of user defined layer are also there like CaaS (Communication as Service), PaaS (Portal as Service).it have a very huge capacity of storage, so this large scale of data are stored in cloud provider database like Google big-table, Amazon Simple-DB, Cloud based- SQL etc. Open source cloud computing database are also available like MongoDB, Couch-DB, Lucid-DB etc. In the cloud structure it uses the storage Like RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk). Cloud have many backup server so if data is loss from one server it is easily recovered from another server. Including all feather the cloud it is categorized in different deployment model are Private Cloud, Public Cloud, Community Cloud and Hybrid Cloud. For special utilization of cloud by specific user it is termed as Utility Computing. Cloud Computing is used by all latest business trend like Web Hosting, Graphic Rendering etc.

2 [2] ARCHITECTURE Cloud Computing architecture reckon in many cloud component which are loosely coupled. Each component is a node and all are connected to network, each node has an important role in the system architecture, broadly the Architecture of cloud is divided into two part. As shown in figure [figure-1]. (a) Front End (b) Back End Figure 1: Cloud Computing Infrastructure a) Front End: At front end architecture of cloud there is a client infrastructure which interact with the client it is connected via internet to the backend system. It provide all backend resources to the user. From there all backend soft resources can be managed by the client. b) Back End: In backend infrastructure of cloud it contain all services resources, At the bottom there is i. Application ii. Storage Infrastructure iii. Services iv. Cloud Runtime v. Management vi. Security [3] LAYER OF CLOUD In the cloud computing architecture there is different-different layer according to their working property, there is three layers of cloud according to their working. Ranvir Gorai 2

3 a. SaaS: SaaS stands for Software as Service, it provide the direct user access to the cloud and promises everything as a service over the internet. SaaS is stated in two modes i. Simple multi-tenancy: In this each user has different-different resources and are unique from other users, it is an efficient mode. ii. Fine grain multi-tenancy: In Fine grain multi-tenancy, functionality remains same and the resources can be shared by many. [4] Model of Cloud b. PaaS: Platform as Service, it provide cloud application platform for the developers. Platform as a service or PAAS is an important layer in cloud computing. It provides application platform so it is responsible for providing complete virtualization. It work like a single server so user operate from own computer and action performed in virtual server. c. IaaS: Infrastructure as Service, IAAS provides virtual and physical resources using that cloud is build. It maintain the services provided by IaaS and handles complexity in deployment. It share the servers, storage, memory, processor speed and other hardware systems. There is four model of cloud according to their working property and access technique. Blew mention all cloud model are used in real-world, which helps to achieve required resources by satisfying desired condition. a) Public Cloud: The entire Internet is a public cloud, service provider uses the internet to share their resources like Application (SaaS), Storage are provided over the internet so it is termed as public cloud. For Example Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Ec2), IBM blue Cloud, Google App Engine and Windows Azure cloud platform. This all are the inexpensive solution for the small organization. Because there hardware and bandwidth cost is covered by the provider itself. There is pay-per-uses model cost need to pay as per capacity required. b) Private Cloud: A private cloud is own data center of an organization, where a single company take care to provide flexibility, scalability, automation and maintenance. It don t give services to external customers, and maintain data center by organization itself. The private cloud are basically expensive so it is always not feasible for the small and medium size organization. It provide a very high level security and privacy. c) Community Cloud: A community cloud is also type of private cloud but its infrastructure is shared to several organization, with common concern like security, compliance etc. It is organized, hosted and maintained by a group of organization, it provide low cost solution for all collaborative organization with a better security concern. d) Hybrid Cloud: When any organization uses public as well as private cloud also then it termed as Hybrid cloud, it is the ultimate solution for all the business organization, company maintain an internally controlled private cloud and when required it really to public cloud, so for pick period of an application is used or hosted by private cloud when there is less load, when load is increases it migrated to the public cloud. It also provide low cost disaster recovery, because disaster recovery is almost impossible for all organization due to expensive cost, it is an alternative solution for it. Ranvir Gorai 3

4 [5] STORAGE TECHNOLOGY A cloud architecture is connected to more than one data center is this data centers data is stored in DAS (Direct Attached Storage) or NAS (Network Attached Storage) or SAN (Storage Area Network). So these are the structure to store data in the data centers. How data is stored in cloud infrastructure? In the cloud data is stored using RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disk) technology originally it is known as Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk. It provide way to store same data in different-different places in multiple disk (Redundantly), in the cloud there we can t remove the data redundancy, also it helps in multiple disk I/O (Input/Output) operation overlap in a balanced way which improve the performance. Multiple disk increases MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures), storing data redundantly also increase fault tolerance. RAID uses many different-different architecture called levels, each level have a different scenario of disk and storage technique, depending on the balance between fault tolerance and performance. In cloud architecture levels of RAID describe how data distributed across the drives. Standard RAID level There is 7 standard RAID level RAID-(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) all RAID level have a different configuration of disk and having different storage technique are described blew. RAID 0: Striped disk array provides data striping without fault tolerance but no redundancy. It does not deliver fault tolerance but improves performance. If one drive fails then all data in the array is lost. RAID 1: duplexing and mirroring provides disk mirroring, it provides twice the read transaction rate of single disks. RAID 2: Error-correcting coding not a typical implementation and rather than the block level. RAID 3: Bit-interleaved parity provides byte-level striping with a dedicated parity, it cannot provide service simultaneous multiple requests, and it is rarely used. In RAID-3 there is 3 drive are used to store data, for example suppose hard drive are HDD (Hard Disk Drive) A, B and C so data is stores in following manner. So if HDD A is failed then data can be recovered by HDD A+ HDD B = HDD C Similarly, And, HDD A=HDD C - HDD B HDD B=HDD C - HDD A HDD C=HDD A + HDD B Ranvir Gorai 4

5 RAID 4: Dedicated parity drive a commonly used implementation of RAID 4, it provides block-level striping with a parity disk. If a disk failed, then parity data is used to create a replacement disk. Disadvantage of level 4 is that, parity disk rise bottleneck issue. RAID 5: It provides data striping at the byte level with distributed parity and also stripe error correction data. This results good fault tolerance and excellent performance. It is one of the most popular implementations of RAID. RAID 6: Independent data disks with double parity, in simple word it can said as double distributed, it provides block-level striping with parity data distributed across all disks. [6] DISASTER RECOVERY IN CLOUD When any heavy disaster occurs at place where data centers are established. Then entire data centers are destroyed, as a result there is huge loss of data. Recovery factor= Cost-Effective Figure 2: Cloud Disaster Recovery tradeoffs In cloud architecture we know there is always redundant of data, by using RAID technology there always entire virtual server copied to an offsite data center. So when data loss is occurs it is recover back from the backup server. But it takes so much time and also it is so expensive. In cloud disaster recovery as time is increase cost is higher [figure-2]. [7] CONCLUSION In this paper we presented the entire cloud computing architecture its component and working principle. We give focus on backend of cloud how all thing are works and managed, client interact with the backend server in cloud and get access on all hardware and software resources, also here detailed description on cloud different-different cloud layer and their working principle and we distinguish between cloud model according to their usability and accessibility in suitable scenario. We also discussed on data storage technique of cloud architecture here data is stored using RAID technology which helps in data backup and recovery. Ranvir Gorai 5

6 REFRANCES [1] NIST SP , A NIST definition of cloud computing [2] Juniper Networks, Cloud-ready Data Center Reference Architecture [3] CISCO, Cisco Cloud Computing - Data Center Strategy, Architecture, and Solutions [4] Stuart Charlton, Cloud Computing and the Next Generation of Enterprise Architecture Cloud Computing Expo 2008 [5] How cloud computing will change capacity management. Michael Cote, Date: 30/09/2008 [6] What is cloud computing really means? Galen Gruman & Eric Knorr, Date: 07/04/2008 [7] Harnessing the power of clouds Spencer Kelly, 20/06/2008 [8] How Cloud & Utility Computing Are Different Geva Perry Thursday, Date: 28/02/2008 [9] Cloud Computing and the Financial Crisis Geva Perry, 29/09/2008 [10] Federal Cloud Computing Strategy, ComputingStrategy.pdf [11] Wikipedia cloud computing architecture Ranvir Gorai 6