Paralleling Topologies and Uptime Institute Tier Ratings

Transcription

1 PowerHour webinar series for consulting engineers Experts you trust. Excellence you count on. Paralleling Topologies and Uptime Institute Tier Ratings Thursday July 28, :00 PDT / 2:00 EDT (1PDH issued by Cummins)

2 Welcome to Cummins PowerHour Webinar series for engineer partners like you Meet your presenters: Mike Sanford roup Leader, North America and Caribbean Application Engineering Cody Albertus Product Management Leader, Mission Critical Segment More questions or support needed? Here are your local Cummins contacts: AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp Rocky Mountain Region CO, MT, ND, UT, WY: Joe Pekarek Rocky Mountain Region IL, MN, WI: John Kilinskis Central Region TX: Scott Thomas ulf Region FL, A, NC: Robert Kelly South Region IN, KY, OH, TN, WV: Tom Stadulis East Region For other states and territories, or visit

3 Course Objectives Participants will be able to: Identify common paralleling topologies, plus their advantages and disadvantages, so they can make informed choices in paralleling system design. Recognize effects of system topology on maintainability and scalability so they can consider these factors in system design. Describe Uptime Institute Tier Ratings and their implications on generator sets and power distribution systems.

4 Overview Common Paralleling Topologies Uptime Institute Tier Ratings enerator Set Features for Data Centers

5 Common Paralleling Topologies

6 Common Topologies Isolated Bus Isolated Bus with en main Common Bus Transfer Pair Main Tie Main Multiple Transfer Pair System Design Strategies

7 Isolated Bus V 480 V (TYP 3) XXX XXX XXX LOADS ATS Simplest, most common topology No connection with utility Power Interruptions on re-transfer Load control required to make sure that sufficient capacity is on line before connecting loads Each generator set must be large enough to carry emergency loads Need to be on line in 10 seconds (NFPA 110) LOAD 1 ATS LOAD 2

8 Isolated Bus with en Main Minimum generator sets online before connecting critical load Common topology for prime power XXX XXX XXX

9 Common Bus Low cost Can do open & ramping closed transition transfer Can t guarantee 100msec max parallel time V 480 V 2000 (TYP 3) Service Problem: 4000 Bus maintenance causes interruption in service to loads Loads can not be isolated from gen bus

10 Transfer Pair Allows for bumpless retransfer and test with load functions ood for maintenance as generator source can be isolated from loads and tested V 480 V 2000 (TYP 3)

11 Main Tie Main U1 U V V 480 V 480 V (TYP 3) NO Tie is normally open Similar to two Common Bus designs Similar serviceability issues

12 Multiple Transfer Pair V 480 V 1600 (TYP 3) V 480 V Has better serviceability than Main Tie Main System operates like two transfer pairs ens can parallel with either utility but not both On closed transition transfer gens sync with one utility at a time

13 Modular Design - Scalability Manual ties for catastrophic failures Example: Three modules on site, installed in 2008, 2010, 2012 Long term plan is to add a fourth module Each module is sized for 25 MW Running at about ½ capacity

14 Maintenance Bypass kv/4160 Vac Bypass section allows maintenance without interruption 4160/480 Vac 4160/480 Vac 4160/480 Vac Maintenance Bypass and Load Bank Can load bank generator sets without interruption Load Bank

15 Swing Bus

16 Uptime Institute Tier Ratings

17 Tier Level Ratings The tier rating system is the industry standard for benchmarking data center reliability. Four tiers, each building on requirement to the one below (ex. Tier II requires all of Tier I capability, plus the added requirements). Power eneration and distribution is one of 16 subsystems evaluated. No fractional tier ratings. Tiers do not specify certain equipment, but rather a level of redundancy and security to maximize run time. To be an enterprise class data center, UPS and generator sets are required equipment. Significant costs associated with higher tier rating.

18 Uptime Institute Tier Ratings Tier I Tier II Tier III Tier IV Description Basic Redundant Capacity Concurrently Maintainable Fault Tolerant Capacity N N + 1 N + 1 2N (N after any failure) Distribution Paths Active, 1 Alternate 2 Simultaneously Active Fault Tolerant No No No Yes Typical Topology Standby enset Isolated Bus Dual Transfer Pair Dual Transfer Pair

19 Tier I - Basic D Tier I Capacity N Distribution Paths 1 Concurrently Maintainable No Fault Tolerant No ATS UPS Input Switchgear UPS Life Safety Equipment *Emergency lighting, and other emergency functions required by local code may specify an additional ATS UPS Output Switchgear PDU Computer Equipment

20 Tier II Redundant Capacity D D +1 PTC Etc. Mech. UPS Tier II Capacity N + 1 Distribution Paths 1 Concurrently Maintainable No Fault Tolerant No UPS Input Switchgear UPS ATS UPS +1 ATS ATS Life Safety Equipment *Emergency lighting, and other emergency functions required by local code may specify an additional ATS UPS Output Switchgear PDU Computer Equipment

21 Tier III: Concurrent Maintainability Adds redundancy to network distribution paths as well as capacity established in Tier II systems. Every distribution component can be removed or replaced during a planned event without loss of service. Allows for a more proactive maintenance program Enables site to be upgraded as technology, capacity and infrastructure requirements change An unplanned event can still lead to disruption.

22 Tier III - Concurrently Maintainable en N en +1 PTC PTC Etc.. Etc UPS Input Switchgear Mechanical Mechanical UPS UPS +1 Mechanical Component UPS Output Switchgear Critical MCC Mechanical Component Critical MCC Output Switchgear Critical Fan or Pump Critical Fan or Pump PDU Computer Equipment PDU Tier III Capacity N + 1 Distribution Paths 1 Active, 1 Alternate Concurrently Maintainable Yes Fault Tolerant No

23 Case Study: Tier III Data Center Design 4 Megawatts at 480 VAC N + 1 design on the generators Redundant paralleling buses System is concurrently maintainable Tier 3 certified by the Uptime Institute

24 Case Study: Tier III Data Center Design

25 Case Study: Tier III Data Center Design

26 Case Study: Tier III Data Center Design

27 Tier IV Fault Tolerant en N en +1 en N en +1 PTC PTC Etc. Etc. UPS Input Switchgear UPS Input Switchgear Mechanical Mechanical UPS UPS +1 Mechanical Component UPS UPS +1 UPS Output Switchgear Critical MCC Mechanical Component Critical MCC UPS Output Switchgear Critical Fan or Pump Critical Fan or Pump PDU Computer Equipment PDU Tier IV Capacity Distribution Paths Concurrently Maintainable Fault Tolerant N after any failure 2 Simultaneously Active Yes Yes

28 Case Study: Segmented Paralleling Bus

29 enerator Set Features for Data Centers

30 enerator Sets for Tier III or Tier IV Systems Disruptions to the utility power are not considered a failure but an operational condition for which the site must be prepared A Tier III or Tier IV engine-generator system, along with its power paths and other supporting elements shall meet performance confirmation tests while they are carrying the site on engine-generator power Engine-generators for Tier III and Tier IV sites shall not have a limitation on consecutive hours of operation when loaded to N demand

31 ISO Ratings ( Section 13) Emergency Standby Power (ESP) For supplying emergency power for the duration of a utility power failure Not to exceed 200 hrs/yr Average load factor of 70% of the standby rating over 24 hour period Limited Time Prime Power (LTP) Limited number of hours 500 hr/year Non-Variable load Applications not to exceed 100% of the Limited Time Prime Power rating Unlimited Time Prime Power (PRP) Unlimited number of hours per year (8760 hr/yr less service) Variable load Not to exceed 70% average of the Unlimited Time Prime Power rating during any operating period of 24 hours Continuous Operating Power (COP) Unlimited number of hours per year (8760 hr/yr less service) Non-Variable load Applications not to exceed 100% of the Continuous Operating Power rating

32 Data Center Continuous Ratings Data Center Continuous (DCC) Ratings meet the Uptime Institute Tier III and Tier IV requirements Data Center Continuous (DCC) Rating is defined as: The maximum power which the generator is capable of delivering continuously to a constant or varying electrical load for unlimited hours in a data center application.

33 Redundant Options Redundant Starters Redundant Fuel Filters Starter 1 & 2 Left Side of Engine Right Side of Engine Starter 3 & 4 Redundant Fuel Filters w/selector Valve on Primary Stage of Fuel Filtration Allows for fuel filter change without interruption to generator set operation

34 Coolant Heating Coolant Heater Installation Heater Element Circulation Pump Coolant Circulation Benefits Consistent Heat Throughout Block

35 DC Load Management Pre-Wired, factory-tested and validated common DC distribution box streamlines service and installation Single point of DC distribution Allows for isolation of batteries of individual starters Improves ability to safely service and trouble shoot Enables breaker to be reset, rather than removing battery

36 Minimized AC Connections Set-mounted AC distribution box accounts for all of the generator set s single-phase AC accessories Single point of connection to the generator set s powered accessories Simplifies design and facilitates installation Improves ability to safely service and troubleshoot Contributes to clean/neat design of generator set

37 Integrated Monitoring Sensors Sensors that are integrated and connected to the generator set control are critical to providing advanced notification of a maintenance or service need. Examples Air cleaner restriction indicators Exhaust port temperature Alternator bearing and RTD

38 Cooling System Factory designed, validated and supplied cooling systems capable of 40C and 50C ambient temperatures are critical when it comes to providing the performance and reliability that data center customers demand. 38

39 Summary Using standard system topologies makes the system more reliable and serviceable. Consider ease of maintenance and future expansion when designing system topology. The Uptime Institute Tier Rating system serves as a good framework for evaluating redundancy, maintainability and scalability in a system design.

40 Q&A Type your questions, comments, feedback in the WebEx Q&A box. We will get to as many questions as we can We will publish consolidated FAQ along with presentation and webinar recording on powersuite.cummins.com Your local Cummins contacts: AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp Rocky Mountain Region CO, MT, ND, UT, WY: Joe Pekarek Rocky Mountain Region Northern IL, IA: John Kilinskis Central Region UP of MI, MN, East ND, WI: Michael Munson Central Region NB, SD, West MO, KS: Earnest laser Central Region South IL, East MO: Jeff Yates Central Region TX: Scott Thomas ulf Region FL, A, SC, NC and Eastern TN: Robert Kelly South Region NY, NJ, CT, PA, MD: Charles Attisani ): East Region CA, HI: Brian E Pumphrey (brian.pumphrey@cummins.com) WA, OR, AK: Tom Tomlinson (tom.tomlinson@cummins.com) For other states and territories, powergenchannel@cummins.com or visit

41 Closing Watch out for a follow-up including A Link to webinar recording and presentation A PDH Certificate Visit powersuite.cummins.com for PowerHour webinar recording, presentation and FAQ archive Other Cummins Continuing Education programs Sizing and spec development tool Please contact Mohammed ulam if you have any questions related to the PowerHour webinar (mohammed.gulam@cummins.com)