Comparison and mapping of VRA Core and IMS Meta-data

Transcription

1 Comparison and mapping of VRA Core and IMS Meta-data SIMILE Project John Gilbert 2003 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice

2 Organisations IMS Instructional Management Systems Global Learning Consortium, Inc. VRA Visual Resources Association ADL Advanced Distributed Learning Network ARIADNE ARIADNE Foundation for the European knowledge pool IEEE LTSC IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee page 2

3 Standards VRA Core IMS Learning Resource Meta-data Specification IMS Content Packaging IEEE Learning Object Meta-data (LOM) Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) page 3

4 Relationship between standards Graphic taken from SCORM website: page 4

5 VRA Core Overview Used "to create records to describe works of visual culture as well as the images that document them" A work is a physical entity that exists, has existed at some time in the past, or that could exist in the future An image is a visual representation of a work No prescribed binding Every element may be repeated as many times as necessary within a given instance to describe the work or image The order of the categories in the VRA Core is arbitrary page 5

6 VRA Core Structure Relationship between work records and image records Linking of instances to form a single record is an implementation issue. It is assumed however that work records will be linked to the relevant image records. Two types of relationship between works Essential: When the referencing work is not considered complete without including the referenced work. Informative: When the referencing work can stand alone, and the referenced work is only informative. Links should be reciprocal and include info about the referenced works identity and the relationship type. page 6

7 VRA Core Mappings VRA Mapping to other Schemas Dublin Core Getty categories for the description of works of art (CDWA) MARC page 7

8 VRA Core Model Record Type Type Title Variant Translation Series Larger Entity Measurements Dimensions Format Resolution Material Medium Support Technique Creator Role Attribution Personal name Corporate name Date Creation Design Beginning Completion Alteration Restoration Location Current Site Former Site Creation Site Discovery Site Current Repository Former Repository ID Number Current Repository Former Repository Current Accession Former Accession Style/Period Style Period Group School Dynasty Movement Culture Subject Relation Identity Type Description Source Rights page 8

9 IMS Meta-data Overview "The IMS meta-data is particularly focused on descriptive meta-data that relate to educational uses IMS Model = IEEE LOM model + Defined changes No mandatory fields in IMS Bindings in XML and RDF (work-in-progress) available RDF Binding is split over 10 namespaces page 9

10 IMS Meta-data Model general identifier title catalogentry catalog entry language description keyword coverage structure aggregationlevel lifecycle version status contribute role entity date metametadata identifier catalogentry catalog entry contribute role entity date metadatascheme language technical format size location requirement type name minimumversion maximumversion installationremarks otherplatformrequirements duration educational interactivitytype learningresourcetype interactivitylevel semanticdensity intendedenduserrole context typicalagerange difficulty typicallearningtime description language rights cost copyrightandotherrestrictions description relation kind resource identifier description catalogentry catalog entry annotation person date description classification purpose taxonpath source taxon id entry description keyword page 10

11 IMS Content Packaging Overview Content Packaging addresses the description, structure, and location of learning material. Binding is specified in XML. Graphics taken from IMS Content Packaging Information Model: page 11

12 IMS Content Packaging Similar to Library of Congress METS IMS descriptive metadata separated from structural. VRA Core mixes structural and descriptive metadata (e.g. essential references). page 12

13 Related standards IEEE LOM IMS and ARIADNE merged efforts to produce a proposal to IEEE LTSC. This is now the IEEE LOM standard. IEEE LOM has defined mapping to Dublin Core ADL SCORM Sharable Content Object Reference Model Built upon existing standards like IEEE LOM, IMS Content packaging spec One reference model for interoperability between Learning Content Management Systems. page 13

14 Mapping VRA Core and IMS Issues Mapping elements Mapping structure Use of controlled vocabularies Mappings available from IMS and VRA to DC, but are not clearly specified Equivalence Refinement page 14

15 Mapping VRA Core and IMS Defined mappings from VRA Core and IMS Meta-data to the Dublin Core Element Set. page 15

16 Mapping VRA Core and IMS Mapping Structure VRA Records are a local implementation issue (i.e. aggregating works and images, based on informative and essential relationships to form a logical record) IMS Structure not part of the meta-data specification, but rather part of the content packaging spec. Will SIMILE address heterogeneous metadata at asset level (i.e. an individual image or webpage), or at the record/object level (e.g. a course)? Controlled Vocabularies and encoding formats Various issues (not discussed here) page 16

17 Software DC Dot Dublin Core metadata editor, with ability to convert DC into IEEE LOM or IMS. Microsoft elearn toolkit: LRN Learning Resource interchange (LRN, pronounced "learn") is a reference implementation of the IMS Content Packaging and Metadata Specifications page 17

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