CS317 File and Database Systems

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1 CS317 File and Database Systems Lecture 9 Conceptual, Logical, and Physical DBMS Design October 22, 2017 Sam Siewert

Reminders Assignment #4 Due Friday Assignment #3 Being Graded Assignment #5, Physical DB Design Assignment #6, DBMS Project of Your Interest FINAL ORAL PRESENTATION Design Schema for DBMS project in

2 Reminders Assignment #4 Due Friday Assignment #3 Being Graded Assignment #5, Physical DB Design Assignment #6, DBMS Project of Your Interest FINAL ORAL PRESENTATION Design Schema for DBMS project in a small team Logical design focus Normalization Physical is MySQL on PRClab Combine Network Applications with DBMS in C/C++, JDBC, or Python - Add Stored Programs and Triggers Add Views Create Transactions where needed Sam Siewert 2

3 Normalization Exercise 1. What is current Normalization Level? 2. What are Functional Dependencies? Full? Partial? 3. Provide 2NF Version Team A Team B staffno dentistname patno patname appdate, apptime surgeryroomno NatInsNum contractno hours ename hotelno hotelloc S1011 Tony Smith P100 Gillian White 9/12/13, 10:00 S C Smith J H25 East Kilbride S1011 Tony Smith P105 Jill Bell 9/12/13, 12:00 S C Hocine D H25 East Kilbride S1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/12/13, 10:00 S C White T H4 Glasgow S1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/14/13, 14:00 S C Smith J H4 Glasgow S1032 Robin Plevin P105 Jill Bell 9/14/13, 16:30 S15 S1032 Robin Plevin P110 John Walker 9/15,13, 18:00 S13 4. Are there any Transitive Dependencies? 5. Provide 3NF Version and Explain Sam Siewert 3

4 Normalization Team A Team B staffno dentistname patno patname appdate, apptime surgeryroomno NatInsNum contractno hours ename hotelno hotelloc S1011 Tony Smith P100 Gillian White 9/12/13, 10:00 S C Smith J H25 East Kilbride S1011 Tony Smith P105 Jill Bell 9/12/13, 12:00 S C Hocine D H25 East Kilbride S1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/12/13, 10:00 S C White T H4 Glasgow S1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/14/13, 14:00 S C Smith J H4 Glasgow S1032 Robin Plevin P105 Jill Bell 9/14/13, 16:30 S15 S1032 Robin Plevin P110 John Walker 9/15,13, 18:00 S13 Step 1 UNF - repeating groups in appdate, apptime Step 1 1 NF due to hazards, e.g. modify hotelloc Step 2 FD1 staffno, appdate, apptime -> patno, patname Step 2 FD1 NatInsNum, contractno -> hours FD2 staffno -> dentistname FD2 NatInsNum -> ename FD3 patno -> patname, surgeryno FD3 contractno -> hotelno, hotelloc FD4 staffno, appdate -> surgeryroomno FD4 hotelno -> hotelloc FD5 patno, atime, adate -> staffno, dentistname Step 3-2NF Step 3-2NF staffno appdate apptime patno patname NatInsNum contractno hours staffno appdate urgeryroomno contractno hotelno hotelloc staffno dentistname NatInsNum ename Step 4 FD3 patno -> patname, surgeryno Step 4 FD4 hotelno -> hotelloc Step 5-3NF Step 5-3NF staffno appdate apptime patno NatInsNum contractno hours staffno appdate urgeryroomno contractno hotelno staffno dentistname NatInsNum ename patno patname hotelno hotelloc Sam Siewert 4

5 DBMS Design in 10 Steps DBMS Design - Decomposition 1. Conceptual Design Analysis, Centralized or View Integration 2. Build and Validate Logical Data Model ER/EER, Normalization, Schema Prototype (Workbench) 3. Translate Logical Data Model for Target DBMS (MySQL) 4. Design File Organization (or Block) and Indexing 5. Triggers and SQL/PSM for Referential Integrity 6. User View Design (Lossless Join Verification) 7. Security 8. Transactions for Complex Updates 9. Redundancy (RTO/RPO and RAID) 10. Connectors for App Interfaces Covered, To be covered Sam Siewert 5

6 Goals for This Week Wrap-Up DBMS Conceptual Design Wrap-Up DBMS Logical Design Examine Use of MySQL Workbench to Go Between EER and Schemas Forward Engineer Reverse Engineer Workbench Tutorial - Introduce DBMS Physical Design Introduction to B and B+ Trees Discussion of MySQL Physical Layers In-Depth Study of B and B+ Trees Next Week Sam Siewert 6

7 Using pathways to check that the conceptual model supports the user transactions [A2.2, A-5] 7

8 DML Update/Delete Transaction Checks Query Transactions Can all be Implemented with core SQL SQL/PSM JBDC or C/C++ Embedding - MySQL Connector Sam Siewert 8

9 Going from Paper Design to Schemas Relational Models, ER, and EER on Paper are Helpful, but How Do We Transition to a Schema we Can Test? Workbench can be Downloaded and Installed on Windows, Max OS-X, Linux - ownloads/workbench Enter Design as an EER using Graphical Workbench Generate SQL DDL Schema When Ready Sam Siewert 9

10 Reverse Engineer Existing Schema to EER DreamHome v Tables, Related by Foreign Keys Not Taking Advantage of EER, but Can Update Model and Export, Re- Import Data to Improve Sam Siewert 10

11 Sakila EER Model Tables, Views, SQL/PSM Routines, Triggers in EER Sam Siewert 11

12 Sakila Example Tables, Views, PSM Routines, Triggers Models Relations Between Entities [Tables] and Includes Operations [Routines] More Sophisticated Design and Schema that Matches Sam Siewert 12

13 Reverse Engineer Differences The Forward/Reverse Engineering is Not Perfect, but Not Bad SQL Generation from Pictures, Picture Generation from SQL Much like at GUI Code Generator Issue is Sync Between Design and SQL Sam Siewert 13

14 Recall DreamHome v. 2.0 ER Design Entities, Attributes, Keys, 1:1, 1:*, *:1 Relations Features PK and FK Attributes Sam Siewert 14

15 Improvements to DreamHome v. 1.0 Connections 1:n Made Via PKs Note InnoDB Physical Engine Required for FKs Improve Model and Schema FKs Require InnoDB, MyISAM default [Many options MEMORY, FEDERATED, ScaleDB ] Sam Siewert 15

16 DreamHome v. 1.0 EER See if We Can Improve PK, FK and Normalization Sam Siewert 16

17 Check Schema and Add Test Data Review Schema Sam Siewert 17

18 DreamHome v. 2.0 Global EER Sam Siewert 18

19 Equivalent Using DH v. 1.0 Adapted Sam Siewert 19

20 Step 2 Build and Validate Logical Data Model Step 2.1 Derive relations for logical data model To create relations for the logical data model to represent the entities, relationships, and attributes that have been identified [Enter into MySQL Workbench] Step 2.2 Validate relations using normalization To validate the relations in the logical data model using normalization [Check Functional Dependencies and Scan for Insert, Delete, Update Hazards] Would be Nice if MySQL Workbench had Normalization Checker it Does Not! But, it Does Help Auto-Complete Keys Step 2.3 Validate relations against user transactions To ensure that the relations in the logical data model support the required transactions [Create Views, Test Update, Delete, Insert] 20

21 Step 2.4 Check integrity constraints Run Forward Engineering to Generate SQL To check integrity constraints are represented in the logical data model. This includes identifying: Required data Attribute domain constraints Multiplicity Entity integrity Referential integrity General constraints 21

22 Referential integrity constraints for relations in Staff user views of DreamHome 22

23 Step 2.5 Review logical data model with user To review the logical data model with the users to ensure that they consider the model to be a true representation of the data requirements of the enterprise. 23

Step 2.6.1 Merge logical data models into a global model [OPTIONAL] Tasks typically includes: (1) Review the names and contents of entities/relations and their candidate keys.

24 Step Merge logical data models into a global model [OPTIONAL] Tasks typically includes: (1) Review the names and contents of entities/relations and their candidate keys. (2) Review the names and contents of relationships/foreign keys. (3) Merge entities/relations from the local data models (4) Include (without merging) entities/relations unique to each local data model (5) Merge relationships/foreign keys from the local data models. (6) Include (without merging) relationships/foreign keys unique to each local data model. (7) Check for missing entities/relations and relationships/foreign keys. (8) Check foreign keys. (9) Check Integrity Constraints. (10) Draw the global ER/relation diagram (11) Update the documentation. 24

CS317 File and Database Systems

CS317 File and Database Systems http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench Using MySQL Workbench [PRClab] August 25, 2015 Sam Siewert Resources for MySQL-Workbench Examine Use of MySQL Workbench to Go Between