What is a Data Model?
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1 What is a Data Model?
2 Overview What is a Data Model? Review of some Basic Concepts in Data Modeling Benefits of Data Modeling
3 Overview What is a Data Model? Review of some Basic Concepts in Data Modeling Benefits of Data Modeling
4 What is a Data Model? Definition: model (Merriam-Webster) a structural design; a usually miniature representation of something; a pattern of something to be made; an example for imitation or emulation; a description or analogy used to help visualize something (as an atom) that cannot be directly observed;
5 What is a Data Model? Definition: data model A formal definition of the different elements required to describe those aspects of the real world which it is designed to model and the nature of the links between these elements (indecs.org) A data model is typically a set of tables and columns and supporting documentation that hold information about some real world things (Cornell University); a collection of data structures, a collection of operators, and a collection of integrity rules (Codd, 1981)
6 What is a Data Model? What is a data model? a working definition: A structured and comprehensible representation of: the information used in a purposeful enterprise, and the organization of that information
7 What is a Data Model? Purposes of data modeling: Provide a precise language and syntax to represent the information and it s internal structure Provide a structural context for designing data repositories
8 What is a Data Model? Artifacts of data modeling: Data Dictionary a primary metadata repository Graphical representation(s) The picture of a thousand words
9 Overview What is a Data Model? Review of some Basic Concepts in Data Modeling Concepts Notations Types of models Benefits of Data Modeling
10 Basic Data Modeling Concepts Object Class Attributes Identifiers Association Optionality Cardinality Composition Generalization
11 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Object Class A thing of a particular type A kind of memorable thing The thing about which an organization keeps data A fundamental concept in the information domain
12 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Attribute An elementary component or property of a class A data item that serves as a descriptor of an object class
13 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Attribute Atomic vs. composite Single- vs. multi-valued
14 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Association A relationship between object classes
15 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Association Optionality For each X, must there be at least one Y?
16 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Association Cardinality For each X, can there be more than one Y?
17 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Generalization Super-type/Sub-type relationship X Is a type of Y
18 Basic Data Modeling Concepts: Composition The combination of objects into an aggregate X Is part of Y
19 Basic Data Modeling Concepts Notations UML E-R Types of models
20 Basic Data Modeling Notations: E-R UML
21 Basic Data Modeling Notations: UML
22 Basic Data Modeling Notations: E-R
23 Basic Data Modeling Concepts Notations Types of models Degrees of detail Scope
24 Basic Data Modeling Each type of model can be described by its scope and degree of detail (specification).
25 Dimensions of Models Specificity Dimension Conceptual Logical Physical Scope Dimension Enterprise Domain Application
26 Specificity Dimension Conceptual Logical Physical Conceptual Information Model The 10,000 Foot View Enterprise Logical Model More Focused, More Detailed Application Logical Model Details the specific information requirements of the application Physical Data Model Fully detailed, including processing requirements
27 Scope Dimension Enterprise Domain Application Enterprise Models address the entire set of concepts relevant to the Enterprise. Domain Models address a single subject, or a particular perspective on the Enterprise. Application Models address a specific functional area within the domain and include only those concepts needed to accomplish a particular business activity.
28 Overview What is a Data Model? Review of some Basic Concepts in Data Modeling Benefits of Data Modeling Benefits from modeling data Benefits of a common conceptual &/or logical model
29 Benefits of Data Modeling Benefits of modeling data: Accurate and complete information. Elimination of redundancy and therefore inconsistency Integrity and consistency of information Correct representation of relationships allows for determination of proper constraints Stability
30 Benefits of Data Modeling Benefits of a common Conceptual &/or Logical model: Establishment of a common semantic Shared, consistent understanding Facilitation of information integration
31 Summary Information Systems have their foundations in information Data modeling provides the common language designers, developers, and users of an IT system can use to understand and discuss that information, facilitating it s proper use and management.
32 Questions?
33 Contact Information
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