Database Administration and Management

Transcription

1 Database Administration and Management M.Sc. Information Technology BS Information Technology Umair Shafique (Gold Medalist) Lecturer

2 Oracle Enterprise Manager This presentation introduces you to the Oracle Enterprise Manager, the Web-based interface for managing an Oracle database. It contains the following topics: Introduction to the Oracle Enterprise Manager Starting the Oracle Enterprise Manager Console Accessing the Oracle Enterprise Manager Granting Database Control Administrative Privileges Setting Up Enterprise Manager Preferences SQL Statements and Other Management Tools: SQL*Plus and isql*plus Managing Your Database: A Roadmap Getting Started: Oracle by Example Series

3 Introduction to the Oracle Enterprise Manager When you install an Oracle database, the Oracle Universal Installer also installs the Oracle Enterprise Manager. The Web-based Database Control serves as the primary tool for managing your Oracle database and sets a new standard in ease-of-use.

4 Oracle Enterprise Manager Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM or EM) is a set of web-based tools aimed at managing software and hardware produced by Oracle Corporation as well as by some non- Oracle entities.

5 OEM Overview Key features of OEM Grid Control: System Monitoring Managing Groups Job System Information Publisher Compliance Management Extending Enterprise Manager Managing Targets

6 Functionality Oracle Enterprise Manager performs much of its activity through intelligent agents which Oracle Corporation refers to as Oracle Management Agents. These run as autonomous proxy processes on a managed node, and perform execution and monitoring tasks for Oracle Enterprise Manager, communicating using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP or HTTPS). By default, upon installation, the OMA enables several packs (Change Management, Performance & Tuning, Diagnostics and Configuration Management) without any regard to what a customer has licensed. Users need to de-select unlicensed packs after installing the agent on a target database.

7 OEM Architecture 7

8 The following topics introduce you to the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control: Database Management Features Online Help Navigational Features

9 Starting the Oracle Enterprise Manager Console To access the Oracle Enterprise Manager Console from a client browser, the dbconsole process needs to be running on the server. This process is automatically started after installation. Starting dbconsole in Windows In Windows, in addition to using the command line, you can start the dbconsole process as a service. To start dbconsole as a service: Click Start->Control Panel->Administrative Tools->Services. The Services page appears. Oracle services begin with Oracle. The dbconsole service is listed as Oracle<oracle_home><SID>DBConsole. The status of this process is listed in the Status column, either Started or Stopped. Double click the service. The property page appears. In the properties page, ensure that the Startup Type is either Manual or Automatic and not Disabled. Click Start, if the process is not already started. Click OK. You can also use the Services page to stop the process.

10 Accessing the Oracle Enterprise Manager At the end of a successful database creation, Oracle Enterprise Manager is automatically launched and the database is started. At other times, provided the dbconsole process is running on the server, you can navigate to your Database Control from your client browser as follows: Point your Web browser to the following URL: For example, if you installed the database on a host computer named comp42, and the installer indicated that your Enterprise Manager Console HTTP port number is 5500 (also recorded in the $ORACLE_HOME/install/portlist.ini file), enter the following URL: If the database is up, Enterprise Manager displays the Database Control Login page

11 If the database is down and needs to be re-started, Enterprise Manager displays the Startup/Shutdown and Perform Recovery page. If this is the case, click Startup/Shutdown. You are then prompted for the host and target database login usernames and passwords, which you must enter. For the database user and password, use SYS and the password you specified during installation. Click OK to start the database. In the Confirmation screen, click YES to start the database in open mode.

12 Log in to the database using a username that is authorized to access the Database Control. This initially could be SYS or SYSTEM. Use the password you specified for the account during the database installation. Enterprise Manager displays the Database Home page The property pages across the top of the page enable you to access performance, administration, and maintenance pages for managing your database. The functionality provided by these pages is discussed in other chapters of this book.

13 The various sections of the Database Home page, and related links, provide a wealth of information about the database's environment and health. For example, the Alerts, Related Alerts, and Performance Analysis sections warn you of errors and performance problems that are impacting the operation of your database. You can click the provided links to see more detail about the problem area, and even to obtain recommendations for resolving the problem.

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15 Database Management Features From the Oracle Enterprise Manager, you can perform administrative tasks such as creating schema objects (tablespaces, tables, and indexes), managing user security, backing up and recovering your database, and importing and exporting data. You can also view performance and status information about your database instance.

16 Online Help You can access context sensitive online Help by clicking Help displayed on every page. In addition to viewing the help specific to the task at hand, there is a View Contents link that takes you to top level Help where you can view a table of contents and link to topics. A search facility enables you to search the contents of Help.

17 Navigational Features Navigational features of Oracle Enterprise Manager include the following: Property pages on each home page help you organize management tasks into distinct categories; for example, click Maintenance to perform tasks associated with backing up and maintaining your data. Figure 3-1 Database Home Page Navigational Property Pages

18 Suggested related links for more information. Figure 3-2 Database Home Page Related Links shows some related links that are listed across the bottom of a page.

19 Granting Database Control Administrative Privileges When you log in to the Oracle Enterprise Manager using the SYS or SYSTEM user account, you are logging in as the Oracle Enterprise Manager super user. These are the only accounts that are automatically granted the roles and privileges required to access all the management functionality provided the Database Control.

20 To grant management access to other database users, use the following procedure: 1.Start your Web browser and log in to the Database Control as the SYS or SYSTEM database user. 2.Click Setup at the top of the Database Home page. 3.Click Administrators in the left navigation bar. 4.If you need to create a new administrator, you must first create the user and then assign administrative privileges 5.Click Create to create a new Enterprise Manager user by assigning the management privileges to an existing database user. 6.Click the flashlight icon next to the Name field and select an existing database user from the pop-up window. 7.Enter the password for the selected user and click Finish. Enterprise Manager assigns the management privileges to the selected user. The selected database user is now included in the list of management users on the Setup Administrators page. All the users shown on this page can log in to the Database Control and perform database management tasks.

21 Setting Up Enterprise Manager Preferences Enterprise Manager enables you to set up preferences that help you manage the database. These include the following: Notification These are settings that enable Oracle to you alert notifications. Alerts are notifications of when a database is in an undesirable state and needs your attention. By default, the Enterprise Manager home page lists all alerts. However, set up is required for notification.

22 Preferred Credentials Enterprise Manager can automatically execute many routine administrative tasks, such as backups, on your behalf. This is done using sophisticated job scheduling system built into the Enterprise. To keep your environment secure, setting up tasks for automatic execution in Enterprise Manger requires you to provide login information for the machine and database. To avoid having to enter this information every time you create a job or task, Enterprise Manager enables you to save this information as preferred credentials. Preferred credentials are stored in the database in encrypted mode to protect it from unauthorized use.