Mastering phpmyadmiri 3.4 for

Transcription

1 Mastering phpmyadmiri 3.4 for Effective MySQL Management A complete guide to getting started with phpmyadmin 3.4 and mastering its features Marc Delisle [ t]open so 1 I community experience c PUBLISHING urce distilled - BIRMINGHAM MUMBAI

2 Preface 1 Chapter 1: Getting Started with phpmyadmin 7 PHP and MySQL: The leading open source duo 7 What is phpmyadmin? 8 Project documentation 9 Installing phpmyadmin 9 Required information 9 System requirements 10 Downloading the files 10 Installing on different platforms 11 Installing on a remote server using a Windows client 11 Installing on a local Linux server 11 Installing on a local Windows server (Apache, IIS) 12 Configuring phpmyadmin 12 The config.inc.php file 12 Avoiding false error messages about permissions on config.inc.php 13 Configuration principles 13 Web-based setup script 15 Manually creating config.inc.php 20 Tips for editing config.inc.php on a Windows client 20 Description of some configuration parameters 20 PmaAbsoluteUri 21 Server-specific sections 21 Installing phpmyadmin configuration storage 24 Goal of the configuration storage 24 Location of the configuration storage 24 Performing the installation 25 Installing for a single user 25 Installing for multiple users 27

3 _ Upgrading phpmyadmin 28 Summary 29 Chapter 2: Configuring Authentication and Security 31 Logging in to MySQL through phpmyadmin 31 Logging in to an account without a password 32 Authenticating a single user with config 32 Testing the MySQL connection 33 Authenticating multiple users 33 Authenticating with HTTP 33 Authenticating with cookie values 34 Authenticating with signon mode 36 Configuring for multiple server support 38 Defining servers in the configuration file 38 Authenticating through an arbitrary server 39 Logging out 40 Securing phpmyadmin 40 Protecting phpmyadmin at directory level 40 Displaying error messages 41 Protecting with IP-based access control 41 Defining rules 42 Order of interpretation for rules 42 Blocking root access 43 Protecting in-transit data 43 Summary 44 Chapter 3: Over Viewing the Interface 45 Over viewing panels and windows 45 Login panels 45 Navigation and main panels 46 Home page 46 Views 46 Query window 46 Starting page 47 Customizing general settings 47 Configuring window title 47 Natural sort order for database and table names 48 Creating site-specific header and footer 48 Themes 49 Configuring themes 49 Selecting themes 50 Selecting a language 50 Slider 51 Restricting the list of databases 51

4 Deactivating Ajax 52 Character sets and collations 52 Effective character sets and collations 53 Navigation panel 54 Configuring the logo 54 Database and table list 55 Light mode 55 Full mode 57 Table abridged statistics 58 Table quick-access icon 58 Nested display of tables within a database 58 Counting the number of tables 59 Choosing from the server list 59 Handling many databases or tables 60 Limits on the interface 60 Improving fetch speed 61 Main panel 61 Home page 62 Database view 63 Table view 64 Server view 65 Icons for home page and menu tabs 65 Opening a new phpmyadmin window 66 User preferences 66 Accessing user preferences 67 Possible locations for saving preferences 67 Saving in phpmyadmin configuration storage 68 Saving in a file 68 Saving in the browser's local storage 68 Changing settings 69 Disallowing specific preferences 69 Showing developer settings 70 Query window 70 Summary 72 Chapter 4: Creating and Browsing Tables 73 Creating a database 73 No privileges 74 First database creation is authorized 74 Creating our first table 76 Choosing the columns 76 Creating a table 76 Choosing keys 79

5 Inserting data manually 80 Data entry panel tuning for CHAR and VARCHAR 82 Browse mode 83 SQL query links 83 Navigation bar 84 Query results operations 86 Displaying data as a chart 86 Sorting results 87 Headwords 89 Color-marking rows or columns 89 Limiting the length of each column 90 Display options 90 Browsing distinct values 91 Profiling queries 92 Creating an additional table 92 Summary 94 Chapter 5: Changing Data and Structure 95 Changing data 95 Entering edit mode 95 Moving to next field with the tab key 97 Moving with arrows 97 Handling NULL values 97 Applying a function to a value 98 Duplicating rows of data 100 Multi-row editing 101 Editing the next row 102 Inline row editing 102 Deleting data 103 Deleting a single row 103 Deleting multiple rows 104 Deleting all of the rows in a table 104 Deleting all rows in multiple tables 105 Deleting tables 105 Deleting databases 106 Changing table structure 107 Adding a column 107 Vertical mode 108 Editing column attribute 108 TEXT column type 109 BLOB (Binary Large Object) column type 110 Uploading binary content 111 ENUM and SET column types 113

6 DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP column types 115 Calendar pop up 116 TIMESTAMP option 116 Bit column type 117 Managing Single-column indexes 118 indexes 118 Multi-column indexes and index editing 120 FULLTEXT indexes 120 Optimizing indexes with EXPLAIN 121 Detecting index problems 122 Summary 123 Chapter 6; Exporting Structure and Data (Backup) 125 Dumps, backups, and exports 125 Scope of the export 126 Exporting a database 126 The Table(s) sub-panel 128 The Output sub-panel 128 File name template 128 Choosing a character set 129 Kanji support 129 Compression 129 Export formats 130 SQL 130 CSV 135 CSV for Microsoft Excel 136 PDF 137 Microsoft Word LaTeX 138 XML 139 Open document spreadsheet 140 Open document text 140 YAML 141 CodeGen 141 Texyltext 141 PHP array 142 MediaWiki table 142 JSON 142 Exporting a table 143 Split-file exports 143 Exporting selectively 143 Exporting partial query results 144 Exporting and checkboxes 144 Exporting multiple databases 145 Saving the export file on the server 146 User-specific save directories 147

7 Memory limits 148 Summary 148 Chapter 7: Importing Structure and Data 149 Limits for the transfer 150 Time limits 150 Other limits 151 Handling big export files 151 Uploading into a temporary directory 152 Importing SQL files 152 Importing CSV files 154 Differences between SQL and CSV formats 154 Exporting a test file 154 CSV 154 CSV using LOAD DATA 156 Requirements 156 Using the LOAD DATA interface 157 Importing other formats 158 Open Document Spreadsheet 158 XML 159 Reading files from a web server upload directory 160 Displaying an upload progress bar 161 Configuring APC 161 Summary 162 Chapter 8: Searching Data 163 Single-table searches 163 Entering the search page 163 Searching criteria by column query by example 164 Searching for empty / non-empty values 165 Producing reports with Print view 166 Searching with wildcard characters 166 Case sensitivity and search 168 Combining criteria 168 Search options 168 Selecting the columns to be displayed 168 Ordering the results 169 Applying a WHERE clause 169 Avoiding repeated results 170 Performing a complete database search 171 Restricting search to a column 172 Stopping an errant query 173 Summary 173

8 Chapter 9: Performing Table and Database Operations 175 Maintaining a table 176 Changing table attributes 177 Table storage engine 177 Table comments 177 Table order 178 Table collation 179 Table options 180 Emptying or deleting a table 180 Renaming, moving, and copying tables 181 Appending data to a table 182 Performing other table operations 182 Multi-table operations 182 Repairing an "in use" table 183 Database operations 183 Renaming a database 184 Copying a database 184 Summary 184 Chapter 10: Benefiting from the Relational System 185 Relational MySQL 185 InnoDB and PBXT 186 Defining relations with the relation view 186 Defining internal relations 187 Defining the relation 188 Defining the display column 188 Foreign key relations 189 Foreign keys without phpmyadmin configuration storage 192 Defining relations with the Designer 192 Over viewing the interface 193 Defining relations 195 Defining foreign key relations 196 Defining the display column 197 Exporting for PDF schema 197 Benefiting from the defined relations 197 Foreign key information 197 The drop-down list of foreign keys 199 The browseable foreign-table window 200 Referential integrity checks 200 Automatic updates of metadata 201

9 Column commenting 201 Automatically migrating column comments 202 Summary 203 Chapter 11: Entering SQL Statements 205 The SQL query box 205 The Database view 206 The Table view 207 The Columns selector 208 Clicking into the query box 208 The Query window 209 Query window options 210 Session-based SQL history 210 Database-based SQL history (permanent) 210 Editing queries 211 Multi-statement queries 212 Pretty printing (syntax highlighting) 213 The SQL Validator 213 System requirements 214 Making the Validator available 214 Validator results 215 Standard-conforming queries 215 Non standard-conforming queries 216 Summary 216 Chapter 12: Generating Multi-table Queries 217 Choosing tables 218 Exploring column criteria 219 Column selector: Single column or all columns 219 Sorting columns 220 Showing a column 220 Updating the query 220 Adding conditions to the criteria box 221 Adjusting the number of criteria rows 223 Adjusting the number of criteria columns 224 Generating automatic joins (internal relations) 224 Executing the query 225 The visual builder 226 Summary 228 Chapter 13: Synchronizing Data and Supporting Replication 229 Synchronizing data and structure 229 Goals of synchronization 230 Moving between the development and production servers 230

10 Collaboration between database designers 230 Preparing for replication 230 Over viewing the synchronization process 231 Preparing for the synchronization exercise 231 Choosing source and target servers and databases 232 Analyzing comparison results 234 Performing a complete synchronization 236 Performing a selective synchronization 236 Supporting MySQL replication 237 The Replication menu 238 Configuring replication 238 Master server configuration 239 Slave server configuration 242 Setting up a test environment 243 Controlling a slave server 244 Obtaining replication information 245 Gathering replication status 245 Replicated databases 245 Replicated tables 246 Summary 247 Chapter 14: Using Query Bookmarks 249 Comparing bookmark and query history features 250 Creating bookmarks 250 Creating a bookmark after a successful query 250 Storing a bookmark before sending a query 252 Making bookmarks public 253 The default initial query for a table 254 Multi-query bookmarks 255 Recalling bookmarks from the bookmarks list 256 Executing bookmarks 256 Manipulating bookmarks 257 Passing a parameter to a bookmark 257 Creating a parameterized bookmark 257 Passing the parameter value 258 Summary 259 Chapter 15: Documenting the System 261 Producing structure reports 261 Creating a printable report 261 The database print view 262 The selective database print view 262 The table print view 263 Preparing a complete report with the data dictionary 264 [ix]

11 Generating relational schemas 264 Adding a third table to our model 265 Producing schema pages 266 Page planning 266 Creating a new page 266 Editing a page 267 Exporting a page for display 269 Changing the font in PDF schema 271 Laying out a schema with the Designer feature 272 Summary 273 Chapter 16: Transforming Data using MIME 275 Browsing data without transformations 275 Switching display options 276 Enabling transformations 276 Configuring settings for MIME columns 277 Selecting the MIME type 278 Browser transformations 278 Assigning values to transformation options 279 Requirements for image generation 279 Configuring GD2 library availability verification 280 Asserting support of JPEG and PNG libraries 280 Evaluating the impact of memory limits 281 Examples of transformations 281 Clickable thumbnail (JPEG or PNG) 281 Adding links to an image 282 Date formatting 283 Links from text 283 text/plain: link 284 text/plain: imagelink 284 Preserving the original formatting 286 Displaying parts of a text 286 Displaying a download link 286 Hexadecimal representation 287 SQL pretty printing 288 IP address 288 Transforming data via external applications 288 External application example: In-cell sort 289 Summary 290 Chapter 17: Supporting Features Added in MySQL Supporting views 291 Creating a view from results 292 Main panel and views 294 Controlling row counting for improved performance 295

12 Supporting routines stored procedures and functions Creating a stored procedure Changing the delimiter Entering the procedure Testing the procedure Manipulating procedures and functions 298 Manually creating a function 299 Testing the function 300 Exporting stored procedures and functions 300 Executing code with triggers Manually creating a trigger Testing the 303 trigger 303 Using information_schema 304 Partitioning 304 Creating a table with partitions 305 Maintaining partitions Exporting a partition definition 305 Exploring the event scheduler 306 Activating the scheduler Granting EVENT permission 306 Creating an event 307 Manipulating events 307 Exporting 307 Summary 309 Chapter 18: Tracking Changes Understanding the goals of the tracking system Tracking in other software applications 310 Tracking in phpmyadmin 310 Prerequisites Configuring a basic tracking 311 mechanism 311 Principles 311 Versioning Taking a snapshot of the current structure 312 Understanding archiving issues 312 Initiating tracking for one table 313 Choosing the statements to be tracked Testing the tracking mechanism 316 Tracking report 317 Determining tracking status 320 Deactivating and activating tracking

13 Table ofcontents Structure snapshot 320 Exporting a version 321 Creating a new version 322 Quickly accessing tracking information 323 Deleting tracking information 323 Summary 324 Chapter 19: Administrating the MySQL Server 325 Managing users and their privileges 325 The user overview 326 Exporting privileges Privileges reload 328 Adding a user 328 Entering the username 329 Assigning a host value 329 Setting passwords 330 Understanding rights for database creation 330 Assigning global privileges 330 Limiting the resources used 331 Editing a user profile 331 Editing global privileges 331 Assigning database-specific privileges 332 Changing the password 334 Changing login information or copying a user 334 Removing a user 336 Database information 336 Enabling statistics 337 Sorting the statistics 337 Checking the database privileges 338 Dropping selected databases 338 Server information 339 Verifying server status 339 Server variables 341 Server processes 341 Storage engines 342 Available character sets and collations 343 Examining binary logs 343 Summary 344 Appendix: Troubleshooting and Support 345 Troubleshooting 345 System requirements 345 Verifying the base configuration 346 Solving common errors

14 Seeking support 346 FAQs 347 Help forums 347 Creating a SourceForge account 347 Choosing the thread title 347 Reading the answers 347 Using the support tracker 348 Using the bug tracker 348 Environment description 348 Bug description 348 Contributing to the project 349 The code base 349 Translation updates 349 Patches 349 Index 351