CMPT 473 Software Quality Assurance. Managing Bugs. Nick Sumner
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1 CMPT 473 Software Quality Assurance Managing Bugs Nick Sumner
2 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! 2
3 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! Eventually, you might actually encounter a bug/error 3
4 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! Eventually, you might actually encounter a bug/error 2 perspectives to consider 4
5 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! Eventually, you might actually encounter a bug/error 2 perspectives to consider Developer how should the program handle errors? Error Reporting 5
6 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! Eventually, you might actually encounter a bug/error 2 perspectives to consider Developer how should the program handle errors? Error Reporting Client/Teammate how should the bug be reported / prioritized / fixed? Bug Advocacy 6
7 Bugs! So far, we've been trying to find & avoid them Test, test, test! These perspectives are not independent! Eventually, you might actually encounter a bug/error Why? 2 perspectives to consider Developer how should the program handle errors? Error Reporting Client/Teammate how should the bug be reported / prioritized / fixed? Bug Advocacy 7
8 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? 8
9 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice 9
10 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it 10
11 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it Fail gracefully, continuing if possible 11
12 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it Fail gracefully, continuing if possible What should error messages contain? 12
13 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it Fail gracefully, continuing if possible What should error messages contain? What specifically is incorrect 13
14 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it Fail gracefully, continuing if possible What should error messages contain? What specifically is incorrect Why it is incorrect 14
15 Error Reporting What should the program do when it detects an error? Simply ignoring the error is often a poor choice Log it, print it, or otherwise report it Fail gracefully, continuing if possible What should error messages contain? What specifically is incorrect Why it is incorrect Where / when it is incorrect 15
16 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: 16
17 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! 17
18 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! Segmentation Fault is frustrating 18
19 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! Segmentation Fault is frustrating Program Error is infuriating 19
20 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! Segmentation Fault is frustrating Program Error is infuriating Index out of bounds: index i = 30 > size 15 at line 5 of MyVector.java is rather pleasant 20
21 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! Segmentation Fault is frustrating Program Error is infuriating Index out of bounds: index i = 30 > size 15 at line 5 of MyVector.java is rather pleasant But not all information should be reported! Why might some values/variables be undesirable to report? 21
22 Error Reporting Should match your existing intuition: try { } catch (Exception e) {} is hideous! Segmentation Fault is frustrating Program Error is infuriating Index out of bounds: index i = 30 > size 15 at line 5 of MyVector.java is rather pleasant But not all information should be reported! Why might some values/variables be undesirable to report? Note: Sensitive values should not even be available or possible to report! This indicates design bugs! 22
23 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management 23
24 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: 24
25 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure 25
26 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner 26
27 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports 27
28 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects 28
29 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects Prioritizing the bug 29
30 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects Prioritizing the bug Identifying workarounds & working cases 30
31 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects Prioritizing the bug Identifying workarounds & working cases What have we left out? 31
32 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects Prioritizing the bug Identifying workarounds & working cases and creating a fix 32
33 Reporting, Advocacy, & Management The reason we need good error messages is to support bug reporting & management Help facilitate: Reproducing the failure Finding the best initial owner Combining duplicate reports Identifying possible causes & effects Prioritizing the bug Identifying workarounds & working cases and creating a fix Bad bug reporting & management is worse that none! Any ideas why? 33
34 Bug Management All projects have unfixed bugs How do we keep track of them & decide what to fix? 34
35 Bug Management All projects have unfixed bugs How do we keep track of them & decide what to fix? Bug Databases e.g. Bugzilla, Mantis, Trac, FogBugz,... 35
36 Bug Management All projects have unfixed bugs How do we keep track of them & decide what to fix? Bug Databases e.g. Bugzilla, Mantis, Trac, FogBugz,... Bug Databases Centralize communication (developer & user) to: 36
37 Bug Management All projects have unfixed bugs How do we keep track of them & decide what to fix? Bug Databases e.g. Bugzilla, Mantis, Trac, FogBugz,... Bug Databases Centralize communication (developer & user) to: Own Prioritize Reproduce, Localize, Explain Patch 37
38 Ownership Who is responsible for a bug? A very difficult task in general 38
39 Ownership Who is responsible for a bug? A very difficult task in general Who knows the most about this module? Whose code (if any!) exposed the bug? (RIP) Who worked with this code most recently? 39
40 Ownership Who is responsible for a bug? A very difficult task in general Who knows the most about this module? Whose code (if any!) exposed the bug? (RIP) Who worked with this code most recently? Is this a client side issue? 40
41 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed 41
42 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? What makes bugs a higher priority for you? 42
43 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users 43
44 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users Have substantial risks / consequences 44
45 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users Have substantial risks / consequences This requires proper risk assessment (tricky) 45
46 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users Have substantial risks / consequences Are new in the latest version 46
47 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users Have substantial risks / consequences Are new in the latest version Why are new bugs important? 47
48 Prioritizing Bugs All projects have unfixed bugs If a bug doesn't appear important, it won't get fixed Which bugs are important? Occur frequently / for most users Have substantial risks / consequences Are new in the latest version Identifying the importance of bugs is critical to prioritizing them Usually informally at first until a bug owner is found to estimate the risk 48
49 But what should a report contain? A concise explanation of anything helpful in evaluating & fixing the bug? 49
50 But what should a report contain? A concise explanation of anything helpful in evaluating & fixing the bug Product, version, & relevant feature Platform & environment Potential severity / priority Possible owners Possible duplicates... 50
51 But what should a report contain? A concise explanation of anything helpful in evaluating & fixing the bug Product, version, & relevant feature Platform & environment Potential severity / priority Possible owners Possible duplicates A one line summary 51
52 But what should a report contain? A concise explanation of anything helpful in evaluating & fixing the bug Product, version, & relevant feature Platform & environment Potential severity / priority Possible owners Possible duplicates A one line summary An explanation of what happened, when it happened, & why it was unexpected 52
53 But what should a report contain? A concise explanation of anything helpful in evaluating & fixing the bug Product, version, & relevant feature Platform & environment Potential severity / priority Possible owners Possible duplicates A one line summary An explanation of what happened, when it happened, & why it was unexpected A minimal, self contained test case (steps to reproduce) 53
54 Bug Advocacy An Example A colleague of mine have find a hairy bug, here is a simple code to reproduce it. public class FunWithMultiCatch { public static void main(string[] args) { Runnable r = () -> { try { Object o = null; o.getclass(); throw new IOException(); } catch(ioexception IllegalArgumentException e) { System.out.println("KO!"); } catch(runtimeexception e) { System.out.println("OK!"); } }; r.run(); } 54 }
55 Bug Advocacy An Example A colleague of mine have find a hairy bug, here is a simple code to reproduce it. public class FunWithMultiCatch { public static void main(string[] args) { Runnable r = () -> { try { Object o = null; o.getclass(); throw new IOException(); } catch(ioexception IllegalArgumentException e) { System.out.println("KO!"); } catch(runtimeexception e) { System.out.println("OK!"); } }; It prints 'KO!' :( r.run(); } 55 }
56 Common Problems Incomplete / missing information is the most common issue [Bettenburg 2008] It is also what I face when trying to help students 56
57 Common Problems Incomplete / missing information is the most common issue [Bettenburg 2008] It is also what I face when trying to help students Also, errors in: steps to reproduce (incorrectness or overcomplication) 57
58 Common Problems Incomplete / missing information is the most common issue [Bettenburg 2008] It is also what I face when trying to help students Also, errors in: steps to reproduce (incorrectness or overcomplication) expected behaviors 58
59 How can we minimize test cases? For now: How do you already minimize test cases? 59
60 How can we minimize test cases? For now: How do you already minimize test cases? Let's think of what else we could do 60
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