Adaptive backup routing for adhoc

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1 Adaptive backup routing for adhoc networks Wei Kuang Lai, Sheng-Yu Hsiao, Yuh-Chung Lin(Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University&Department of Management Information System, Tajen University) SCI Computer Communications 30 (2007)

2 Outline Introduction Related Works Proposed Schemes Simulations Conclusion

3 Introduction(1/2) The network topology changes frequently in ad-hoc networks. Recently, the on-demand routing protocols for ad-hoc network are appealing because of their effectiveness when the demand of route queries are not high. (ex:aodv)

4 Introduction(2/2) Some on-demand protocols with multi-paths or backup routes have been proposed to improve the performance in ad-hoc networks.(ex:aodv-ab) This paper present two new schemes based on AODV and take advantage of overhearing of RREP and data packets and local repair.

5 Related Works AODV(Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing) AODV-LR(AODV with local repair) AODV-BR(AODV-Back up Route,proposed by Sung-Ju Lee and Mario Gerla)

6 AODV messages Related Works ID Destination IP Destination Seq No. Originator IP Originator Seq No. Hop count Route Request (RREQ) Message Destination IP Destination Seq No. Originator IP Lifetime Hop count Route Reply (RREP) Message Unreachable Destination IP Route Error (RERR) Message Unreachable Destination Seq No.

7 Related Works AODV Propagation of RREQ Propagation of RREP Propagation of RERR c D X b a S

8 Related Works AODV-LR Propagation of RREQ Propagation of RREP c D X b a S

9 Related Works Alternate Route Table(b) DES NEXT AODV-BR D C D b c Propagation of RREQ Propagation of RREP Overheard RREP Propagation of RERR Alternate Route a X S

10 Proposed Schemes AODV-ABR (AODV Adaptive Back up Route) AODV-ABL (AODV ABR + Local Repair)

11 Proposed Schemes AODV-ABR Dest Next Hop Count D b 3 Alternate Route Table(e) e f Dest Next Hop Count D C 2 Alternate Route Table(f) S a b c D Dest Next Hop Count D b 3 Routing Table(a) Propagation of RREQ Propagation of RREP Overheard RREP

12 Proposed Schemes AODV-BR:extra packet transmission e S Data f Data a X b c D Data g Alternate Route Original Route

13 Proposed Schemes How AODV-ABR solve extra packet transmission? When the link breaks, AODV-ABR node processes handshake by using BBRQ&BRRP

14 Proposed Schemes AODV-ABR Dest Next Hop Count D b 3 Alternate Route Table(e) e f Dest Next Hop Count D C 2 Alternate Route Table(f) S a X b c D Node a compare BRRP s hop count from e & f, f < e (to next page) Dest Next Hop Count D b 3 Routing Table(a) Original Route Propagation of BRRQ Propagation of BRRP

15 Proposed Schemes AODV-ABR(transmit data packets through f) Copy to Dest Next Hop Count Dest Next Hop Count D c 2 D c 2 Alternate Route Table(f) f Routing Table(f) S a X b c D update Dest Next Hop Count D b f 3 Routing Table(a) Original Route Alternate Route

16 Proposed Schemes AODV-ABL(AODV-ABR + Local Repair) Using MAX_REPAIR_TTL to decide if to local repair or not. Node a compare Hop Count & MAX_REPAIR_TTL Hop Count e > MAX_REPAIR_TTL: Do same activity as AODV-ABR Hop Count < MAX_REPAIR_TTL: f Do same activity as AODV-LR S a X b c D Dest Next Hop Count D b 3 Routing Table(a) Original Route

17 Simulations Simulation environment GloMoSim simulator MAX_REPAIR_TTL: 5

18 Packet Delivery Ratio Simulations

19 Simulations End-to-end Delay (ignoring the cost of route rediscovery process)

20 Hop Counts Simulations

21 Simulations Control Overheads

22 Simulations The Impact of Traffic Load

23 Simulations

24 Simulations

25 Conclusion In this paper, they present two new schemes called AODV- ABR and AODV-ABL AODV-ABR utilizes the alternative routes of AODVBR and the concept of AODV LR. AODV-ABL combines both advantages of AODV-ABR and AODV LR. In future work, maybe it can add in QoS mechanism(ex:when a link breaks down, an alternate route can be chosen according to the QoS requirements.)

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