Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications
|
|
- Amy Hunter
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Data and Computer Communications Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based s 1
2 Need For Protocol Architecture data exchange can involve complex procedures better if task broken into subtasks implemented separately in layers in stack each layer provides functions needed to perform communication for layers above using functions provided by layers below modularization eases maintenance, updating of system peer layers communicate with a protocol 2
3 OSI OSI: Open Systems Interconnection Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Has seven layers too many Is a theoretical system delivered TCP/IP is the de facto standard 3
4 OSI Layers 4
5 ISO/OSI Reference Model Host A Presentation Session Host B Presentation Session Medium 5
6 ISO/OSI Reference Model Layer 6/7 Interface Layer 5/6 Interface Layer 4/5 Interface Layer 3/4 Interface Layer 2/3 Interface Layer 1/2 Interface Host A Presentation Session Layer 7 Protocol Layer 6 Protocol Layer 5 Protocol Layer 4 Protocol Layer 3 Protocol Layer 2 Protocol Layer 1 Protocol Host B Presentation Session Exchanged Unit APDU PPDU SPDU Segment Packet (Datagram) Frame Bit Medium 6
7 ISO/OSI Reference Model The entities comprising the corresponding layers on different machines are called peers. Protocol: It is an agreement between peers on how communication is to proceed. Peers can communicate by using Protocols. Interface: It defines the primitive operations and services the lower layer makes available to the upper layer. A Service Access Point (SAP) has an address that uniquely identifies where the service can be accessed. A set of layers and protocols is called a Architecture.
8 Standardized Protocol Architectures 8
9 Layer Specific Standards 9
10 The OSI Environment 10
11 ISO/OSI Reference Model 11
12 ISO/OSI Reference Model 1. The Layer: It concerns with transmitting raw bits over a communication channel. Voltage Levels for 0 and 1. Connectors: Number of bins and purpose of each bin. Transmission Media. Attenuation and Distortion. Analog PSTN Circuits and Digital Leased Circuits. 12
13 ISO/OSI Reference Model 2. The Layer: FRAME is the basic protocol unit Framing: create and recognize frame boundaries. encapsulate datagram into frame, adding header, trailer Addressing: Header Message Trailer MAC () Addressing. Point-to-point Error Detection Point-to-point flow control Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols 13
14 Ethernet Frame 7 bytes 1 byte 6 bytes 6 bytes 2 bytes 1500 bytes 4 bytes Preamble SFD Destination Address Source Address Length Data = IP Packet Pad FCS PACKET 14
15 ISO/OSI Reference Model 2. The Layer: Medium Access Control (MAC) single shared broadcast channel two or more simultaneous transmissions by nodes: interference collision if node receives two or more signals at the same time shared wire (e.g., cabled Ethernet) shared RF (e.g., WiFi) 15
16 ISO/OSI Reference Model 2. The Layer: Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols: Channel Partitioning divide channel into smaller pieces (time slots, frequency, code) allocate piece to node for exclusive use Random Access channel not divided, allow collisions recover from collisions Taking turns nodes take turns, but nodes with more to send can take longer turns 16
17 ISO/OSI Reference Model 3. The Layer: PACKET (DATAGRAM) is the basic protocol unit Addressing IP Addressing Routing: It determines source to destination. how packets are routed from Congestion Control: Many packets in the subnet trying to use the same route. Internetworking: It allows heterogeneous networks to be interconnected. 17
18 ISO/OSI Reference Model 4. The Layer: SEGMENT is the basic protocol unit Disassembling and Reassembling: It accepts data from a session layer, split it up to smaller units if needed, pass these to the network layer, and ensure that the pieces all arrive correctly at the other end. End-to-end error control. End-to-end flow control. Addressing Ports 18
19 ISO/OSI Reference Model 5. The Session Layer: It allows users on different machines to establish sessions between them. Interaction Management: The data exchange associated with a dialog may be: Duplex: Two-way simultaneous. Half-Duplex: Two-way alternate. Simplex: One-way. 6. The Presentation Layer: Data Compression. Data Encryption. 7. The Layer: The application layer contains a variety of protocols that are commonly needed. 19
20 Use of a Relay 20
21 TCP/IP Protocol Architecture developed by US Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) for ARPANET packet switched network used by the global Internet protocol suite comprises a large collection of standardized protocols 21
22 OSI v TCP/IP 22
23 Internet protocol stack application: supporting network applications FTP, SMTP, HTTP transport: process-process data transfer TCP, UDP network: routing of datagrams from source to destination IP, routing protocols link: data transfer between neighboring network elements PPP, Ethernet physical: bits on the wire application transport network Data link physical 23
24 Operation of TCP/IP 24
25 Encapsulation Header Header Header Segment Data Trailer Packet Frame 25
26 Protocol Data Units Segments Packets 26
27 TCP/IP Reference Model Host A Host B Medium 27
28 TCP/IP Reference Model Sender Host A Repeater Receiver Host B Repeater 28
29 TCP/IP Reference Model Sender Frame Switch Frame Receiver MAC: 83 MAC: 10 Host A MAC: 42 MAC: 55 MAC: 45 Host B Switch 29
30 TCP/IP Reference Model MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B w z z Interface 3 w z IP Addresses w z a b MAC Addresses a b c d c d 30
31 TCP/IP Reference Model MAC: a IP = u Sender MAC: b IP = v MAC: c IP = w Interface 1 Interface 3 Interface 2 Interface 4 MAC: d IP = x MAC: e IP = y Interface 4 Interface 1 Interface 3 Interface 2 MAC: f IP = z Receiver Host A Host B u z u z z Interface 3 u z z Interface 1 u z a b a b c d e f e f 31
32 TCP/IP Reference Model application transport network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical network data link physical application transport network data link physical CT
33 segment datagram frame message H l H t H n H t H n H t M M M M source application transport network link physical Encapsulation link physical switch H l H n H n H t H t H t M M M M destination application transport network link physical H l H n H n H t H t M M network link physical H n H t M router 33
34 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Send Data 1 Host A Host B 34
35 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B 2 Disassembling: Split data into smaller units Reliable Data Transfer: Sequence Number Retransmission list Start timer upon transmission Flow Control: Receiver Window size Forming Segments 35
36 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B 3 IP addressing Forming Packets 36
37 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B 4 Forming Frames Encapsulate Packet into frame, adding header, trailer MAC () Addressing for point to point connection Computing checksum for error detection 37
38 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Convert bits to a signal 5 Transmission Media 38
39 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Convert the received signal into bits Transmission Media 6 39
40 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Frame Boundary Detection Error Detection Checking the correctness of the frame Checking the MAC Address De-encapsulate the frame and extract the packet 7 40
41 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Routing 8 41
42 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B 9 Forming Frames Encapsulate Packet into frame, adding header, trailer MAC () Addressing for point to point connection Computing the checksum for error detection 42
43 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Convert bits to a signal 10 43
44 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Transmission Media Convert the received signal into bits 11 44
45 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Frame Boundary Detection Error Detection Checking the correctness of the frame Checking the MAC Address De-encapsulate the frame and extract the packet 12 45
46 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Host B Extract the Segment 13 46
47 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Host A Interface 2 Interface 4 Reliable Data Transfer: Send to the sender an ACKNOWLEDGEMENT for a correct segment, and a NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT for an incorrect segment Ordered Delivery: Sequence Number Receiver Host B Re-assembling 14 47
48 Example of Data Transmission MAC: a IP = w MAC: b IP = x MAC: c IP = y Interface 1 Interface 3 MAC: d IP = z Sender Interface 2 Interface 4 Receiver Host A Receive Data Host B 15 48
49 TCP/IP Layers layer layer Internet layer access layer layer 49
50 Addressing Requirements two levels of addressing required each host on a subnet needs a unique global network address its IP address each application on a (multi-tasking) host needs a unique address within the host known as a port 50
51 Operation of TCP and IP 51
52 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) usual transport layer is (TCP) provides a reliable connection for transfer of data between applications a TCP segment is the basic protocol unit TCP tracks segments between entities for duration of each connection 52
53 TCP Header 53
54 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) an alternative to TCP no guaranteed delivery no preservation of sequence no protection against duplication minimum overhead 54
55 UDP Header 55
56 IP Header 56
57 IPv6 Header 57
58 Ethernet Frame 7 bytes 1 byte 6 bytes 6 bytes 2 bytes 1500 bytes 4 bytes Preamble SFD Destination Address Source Address Length Data = IP Packet Pad FCS PACKET 58
59 TCP/IP s have a number of standard TCP/IP applications such as Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) control and data connections Telnet HTTP 59
60 Some TCP/IP Protocols 60
61 Traditional vs Multimedia s traditionally Internet dominated by info retrieval applications typically using text and image transfer E.g. , file transfer, web see increasing growth in multimedia applications involving massive amounts of data such as streaming audio and video 61
62 Elastic and Inelastic Traffic elastic traffic can adjust to delay & throughput changes over a wide range E.g. traditional data style TCP/IP traffic some applications more sensitive though inelastic traffic does not adapt to such changes E.g. real-time voice & video traffic need minimum requirements on net arch 62
63 Summary introduced need for protocol architecture OSI Model & protocol architecture standardization TCP/IP protocol architecture traditional vs multimedia application needs 63
Data and Computer Communications
Data and Computer Communications Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications Eighth Edition by William Stallings Chap2: 1 Need For Protocol Architecture data exchange can involve
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationData & Computer Communication
Basic Networking Concepts A network is a system of computers and other devices (such as printers and modems) that are connected in such a way that they can exchange data. A bridge is a device that connects
More informationET4254 Communications and Networking 1
Topic 2 Aims:- Communications System Model and Concepts Protocols and Architecture Analog and Digital Signal Concepts Frequency Spectrum and Bandwidth 1 A Communications Model 2 Communications Tasks Transmission
More informationComputer Networks with Internet Technology William Stallings. Chapter 2 Protocols and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Computer Networks with Internet Technology William Stallings Chapter 2 Protocols and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate comms. Path or inform
More informationES623 Networked Embedded Systems
ES623 Networked Embedded Systems Introduction to Network models & Data Communication 16 th April 2013 OSI Models An ISO standard that covers all aspects of network communication is the Open Systems Interconnection
More informationChapter 3 Protocols and the TCP/IP Suite
Chapter 3 Protocols and the TCP/IP Suite 3.1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture need for a standard communication tasks by layers architecture peer protocol: a set of rules or conventions to exchange
More informationNetworking Applications
Networking Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid College of Computing and Information Technology Arab Academy for Science & Technology and Maritime Transport 1 Outline Internet Layers Internet Data Packet transmission
More informationCPEG514 Advanced Computer Networks. Atef Abu Salim University of Nizwa Spring 2013/2014
CPEG514 Advanced Computer Networks Atef Abu Salim University of Nizwa Spring 2013/2014 Today s Class Topics Course Syllabus Computer Networks LANs and WANs The Internet Protocols, Layers and Interfaces
More informationNetwork Models. Behrouz A. Forouzan Data communication and Networking Fourth edition
Chapter 2 Network Models Behrouz A. Forouzan Data communication and Networking Fourth edition 1 Layered Tasks We use the concept of layers in our daily life. As an example, let us consider two friends
More informationChapter 2 - Part 1. The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet
Chapter 2 - Part 1 The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet Protocols A protocol is a language or set of rules that two or more computers use to communicate 2 Protocol Analogy: Phone Call Parties
More informationThe OSI Model. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Network Models The OSI Model Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Model for understanding and developing computer-to-computer communication
More informationL6: OSI Reference Model
EECS 3213 Fall 2014 L6: OSI Reference Model Sebastian Magierowski York University 1 Outline The OSI Reference Model An organized way of thinking about network design (from low-level to high-level considerations)
More informationChapter 2 Network Models 2.1
Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Network Models n Network Architecture: n A) Hardware: at the core of any network;
More informationChapter -4 OSI Reference Model
Chapter -4 OSI Reference Model Objectives Concept of Reference Model. OSI Reference Model Concept. Layers of OSI Reference Model. 4.1 Introduction Layered Architecture, Peer-to- Peer Processes, Interfaces
More informationNetwork Architecture Models
School of Business Eastern Illinois University Network Architecture Models (September 8, 2009) Abdou Illia, Fall 2009 Learning Objectives 2 Discuss the OSI reference Model Discuss the Internet Model Compare
More informationComputer Network : Lecture Notes Nepal Engineering College Compiled by: Junior Professor: Daya Ram Budhathoki Nepal Engineering college, Changunarayan
Computer Network : Lecture Notes Nepal Engineering College Compiled by: Junior Professor: Daya Ram Budhathoki Nepal Engineering college, Changunarayan Chapter3: OSI Reference Model: Network Software: Network
More informationAPPENDIX F THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE
APPENDIX F THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE William Stallings F.1 TCP/IP LAYERS... 2 F.2 TCP AND UDP... 4 F.3 OPERATION OF TCP/IP... 6 F.4 TCP/IP APPLICATIONS... 10 Copyright 2014 Supplement to Computer
More informationLecture Outline. Lecture 2. OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking
Lecture 2 The OSI model Chapter 2, specifically pages 42-58 Dave Novak School of Business Administration, University of Vermont Sources: 1) Network+ Guide to Networks, Dean 2013 2) Comer, Computer Networks
More informationReference Models. 7.3 A Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models
Reference Models Contains 7.1 The OSI Reference Model 7.1.1 The Physical Layer 7.1.2 The Data Link Layer 7.1.3 The Network Layer 7.1.4 The Transport Layer 7.1.5 The Session Layer 7.1.6 The Presentation
More informationSystem Programming. Introduction to computer networks
Content : by Dr. B. Boufama School of Computer Science University of Windsor Instructor: Dr. A. Habed adlane@cs.uwindsor.ca http://cs.uwindsor.ca/ adlane/60-256 Content Content 1 Introduction to Computer
More informationOperating Systems. 16. Networking. Paul Krzyzanowski. Rutgers University. Spring /6/ Paul Krzyzanowski
Operating Systems 16. Networking Paul Krzyzanowski Rutgers University Spring 2015 1 Local Area Network (LAN) LAN = communications network Small area (building, set of buildings) Same, sometimes shared,
More informationComputer Networks (Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols)
Network Security(CP33925) Computer Networks (Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols) 부산대학교공과대학정보컴퓨터공학부 Network Type Elements of Protocol OSI Reference Model OSI Layers What we ll learn today 2 Definition of
More informationELC 537 Communication Networks
Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology Electronics Engineering and Communication Technology Dpt. ELC 537 Communication Networks Prepared by: Dr. Nelly Muhammad Hussein Sections & Objectives Principles
More informationSUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer
SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science Chapter - 2 Switching and Network Architecture
More informationEEC-484/584 Computer Networks
EEC-484/584 Computer Networks Lecture 2 Wenbing Zhao wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Misc. Interested in research? Secure
More informationE&CE 358: Tutorial 1. Instructor: Sherman (Xuemin) Shen TA: Miao Wang
E&CE 358: Tutorial 1 Instructor: Sherman (Xuemin) Shen TA: Miao Wang Email: m59wang@uwaterloo.ca 1 About Tutorials TA: Miao Wang Office: EIT 3133; Tutorials: Th 4:30 5:20 pm Topics Supplementary knowledge
More informationPart VI. Appendixes. Appendix A OSI Model and Internet Protocols Appendix B About the CD
Part VI Appendixes Appendix A OSI Model and Internet Protocols Appendix B About the CD OSI Model and Internet Protocols APPENDIX A In this appendix, you will Learn about the OSI model Review the network
More informationIntroduction to Open System Interconnection Reference Model
Chapter 5 Introduction to OSI Reference Model 1 Chapter 5 Introduction to Open System Interconnection Reference Model Introduction The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference tool for understanding
More informationNetwork Reference Models
Network Reference Models LECTURE (2) Network Reference Models A framework (guideline) for network implementation and troubleshooting. Divides complex functions into simpler components. Importance of reference
More informationOSI Model. Teran Subasinghe MBCS, Bsc.(Hons) in Computer Science - University of Greenwich, UK
OSI Model Teran Subasinghe MBCS, Bsc.(Hons) in Computer Science - University of Greenwich, UK What is OSI Model? Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model Developed in 1984 by the International Standards
More informationLayered Architecture
CS311: DATA COMMUNICATION Layered Architecture by Dr. Manas Khatua Assistant Professor Dept. of CSE IIT Jodhpur E-mail: manaskhatua@iitj.ac.in Web: http://home.iitj.ac.in/~manaskhatua http://manaskhatua.github.io/
More informationCPS221 Lecture: Layered Network Architecture
CPS221 Lecture: Layered Network Architecture Objectives last revised 9/8/14 1. To discuss the OSI layered architecture model 2. To discuss the specific implementation of this model in TCP/IP Materials:
More information1: Review Of Semester Provide an overview of encapsulation.
1: Review Of Semester 1 1.1.1.1. Provide an overview of encapsulation. Networking evolves to support current and future applications. By dividing and organizing the networking tasks into separate layers/functions,
More informationOSI Layer OSI Name Units Implementation Description 7 Application Data PCs Network services such as file, print,
ANNEX B - Communications Protocol Overheads The OSI Model is a conceptual model that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard of their underlying internal structure
More informationChapter 7. Local Area Network Communications Protocols
Chapter 7 Local Area Network Communications Protocols The Network Layer The third layer of the OSI Model is the network layer. The network layer is concerned with providing a means for hosts to communicate
More informationComputer Networks and reference models. 1. List of Problems (so far)
Computer s and reference models Chapter 2 1. List of Problems (so far) How to ensure connectivity between users? How to share a wire? How to pass a message through the network? How to build Scalable s?
More informationLayering in Networked computing. OSI Model TCP/IP Model Protocols at each layer
Layering in Networked computing OSI Model TCP/IP Model Protocols at each layer Learning outcomes Understand the need of layering in Networked computing Understand the OSI model and the tcp/ip model Understand
More informationThe Client Server Model and Software Design
The Client Server Model and Software Design Prof. Chuan-Ming Liu Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei, TAIWAN MCSE Lab, NTUT, TAIWAN 1 Introduction
More informationCS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Lecture 17: Internet architecture Prof. Alan Mislove (amislove@ccs.neu.edu) Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion
More informationPacket Switching, Layer Models and Protocol Suites
Packet Switching, Layer Models and Protocol Suites Course Code CCE 211 Course Title Data Communication Asst. Prof. Md Samsuzzaman, Ph.D. sobuzcce@cse.pstu.ac.bd http://www.cse.pstu.ac.bd/sobuzcse Computer
More informationChapter 09 Network Protocols
Chapter 09 Network Protocols Copyright 2011, Dr. Dharma P. Agrawal and Dr. Qing-An Zeng. All rights reserved. 1 Outline Protocol: Set of defined rules to allow communication between entities Open Systems
More informationB.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems
B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems Bridge BTEL/PT BCNS/14/FT BIS/14/FT BTEL/14/FT Examinations for 2014-2015
More informationLecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.
Lecture 17 Overview Last Lecture Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.2 Next Lecture Internet Protocol (2) Source: chapters 19.1, 19.2, 22,1
More informationEITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet. Stefan Höst
EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet Stefan Höst What is Internet? Internet consists of a number of networks that exchange data according to traffic agreements. All networks in Internet
More informationInternetworking Models The OSI Reference Model
Internetworking Models When networks first came into being, computers could typically communicate only with computers from the same manufacturer. In the late 1970s, the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
More informationb) Diverse forms of physical connection - all sorts of wired connections, wireless connections, fiber optics, etc.
Objectives CPS221 Lecture: Layered Network Architecture last revised 6/22/10 1. To discuss the OSI layered architecture model 2. To discuss the specific implementation of this model in TCP/IP Materials:
More informationCommunication Networks
Session 2. Application and Layered Architectures Dongsoo S. Kim Electrical and Computer Engineering. Indiana U. Purdue U. Indianapolis Communication s Various services and flexibility architectures Grouping
More informationOSI Reference Model. Computer Networks lab ECOM Prepared By : Eng. Motaz Murtaja Eng. Ola Abd Elatief
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Computer Engineering Department Computer Networks lab ECOM 4121 OSI Reference Model Prepared By : Eng. Motaz Murtaja Eng. Ola Abd Elatief May /2010 OSI
More informationComputer Communication & Networks / Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 03
Computer Communication & Networks / Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 03 M.Nadeem Akhtar CS & IT Department The University of Lahore Email: nadeem.akhtar@cs.uol.edu.pk URL-https://sites.google.com/site/nadeemuolcsccn/home
More informationBLM6196 COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS
BLM6196 COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK (2 nd Week) 2. Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications 2.Outline The Need for a Protocol Architecture
More informationConcept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space that is provided.
223 Chapter 19 Inter mediate TCP The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols was developed as part of the research that the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
More information03 The Internet Model and TCP/IP
SE 4C03 Winter 2003 03 The Internet Model and TCP/IP Instructor: W. M. Farmer Revised: 16 January 2003 1 The OSI Model In 1977 the International Standards Organization (ISO) offered the Open Systems Interconnection
More informationECE4110 Internetwork Programming. Introduction and Overview
ECE4110 Internetwork Programming Introduction and Overview 1 EXAMPLE GENERAL NETWORK ALGORITHM Listen to wire Are signals detected Detect a preamble Yes Read Destination Address No data carrying or noise?
More informationInternet 최양희서울대학교컴퓨터공학부. MMlab 1
Internet 최양희서울대학교컴퓨터공학부 MMlab 1 Internet Timeline 3000 BC : Abacus 1642 : Pascal : numerical wheel calculator 1822 : Babbage : difference engine 1945 : Eckert : ENIAC 1969 : first ARPANET connection UCLA,
More informationChapter 12 Network Protocols
Chapter 12 Network Protocols 1 Outline Protocol: Set of defined rules to allow communication between entities Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Transmission Control Protocol/Internetworking Protocol (TCP/IP)
More informationInternetworking Concepts Overview. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 2-1
Internetworking Concepts Overview 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 2-1 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a 2-2 Objectives On completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following
More informationprecise rules that govern communication between two parties TCP/IP: the basic Internet protocols IP: Internet protocol (bottom level)
Protocols precise rules that govern communication between two parties TCP/IP: the basic Internet protocols IP: Internet protocol (bottom level) all packets shipped from network to network as IP packets
More informationNetworking Models OSI Model Created by International Organization Standardization
Networking Models OSI Model Created by International Organization Standardization Prepared by Agha Mohammad Haidari Network Manager ICT Directorate Ministry of Communication & IT Email : Agha.m@mcit.gov.af
More informationOSI Network Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 5. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most
More informationMEBS Utilities services M.Sc.(Eng) in building services Faculty of Engineering University of Hong Kong
Open System Interconnection MEBS 6000 2010 Utilities services ISO 1984: ISO Standard 7498 Information Processing System Open System Interconnection Basic Reference Model OSI is itself not a standard, but
More informationLecture-4. TCP/IP-Overview:
Lecture-4 TCP/IP-Overview: The history goes back to ARPANET a research network sponsored by DoD US Govt. It eventually connected hundreds of universities and govt installations, using leased telephone
More informationIntroduction to TCP/IP networking
Introduction to TCP/IP networking TCP/IP protocol family IP : Internet Protocol UDP : User Datagram Protocol RTP, traceroute TCP : Transmission Control Protocol HTTP, FTP, ssh What is an internet? A set
More informationChapter 2 Communicating Over the Network
Chapter 2 Communicating Over the Network Elements of Communication Communicating the Messages Continuous stream of bits 00101010100101010101010101010101010 I have to wait Single communications (e.g. video,
More informationPeer entities. Protocol Layering. Protocols. Example
Peer entities Protocol Layering An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking Customer A and B are peers Postal worker A and B are peers Protocols A protocol is a set of rules and formats that govern
More informationDefining Networks with the OSI Model. Module 2
Defining Networks with the OSI Model Module 2 Objectives Skills Concepts Objective Domain Description Objective Domain Number Understanding OSI Basics Defining the Communications Subnetwork Defining the
More informationECE 4400:427/527 - Computer Networks Spring 2017
ECE 4400:427/527 - Computer Networks Spring 2017 Dr. Nghi Tran Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Lecture 3: Network Architectures Dr. Nghi Tran (ECE-University of Akron) ECE 4400:427/527
More informationInternetwork Protocols
Internetwork Protocols Background to IP IP, and related protocols Internetworking Terms (1) Communications Network Facility that provides data transfer service An internet Collection of communications
More informationCommunication System Models
Communication System Models 1 2 The Black Box View Block Size? Tx/Rx Ch Voltage? Char Set? Topology? Tx/Rx Many users of networks are unaware of details of network May view network as a black box service
More informationNetworks: Access Management
Networks: Access Management Class Notes # 3 Protocols and Layers (part 1) September 19, 2003 Functions A small set of functions form the basis of all protocols. Not all protocols have all functions; this
More informationLecture 19. Principles behind data link layer services Framing Multiple access protocols
Link Layer Lecture 19 Principles behind data link layer services Framing Multiple access protocols ALOHA *The slides are adapted from ppt slides (in substantially unaltered form) available from Computer
More informationChapter 16 Networking
Chapter 16 Networking Outline 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Network Topology 16.3 Network Types 16.4 TCP/IP Protocol Stack 16.5 Application Layer 16.5.1 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 16.5.2 File Transfer
More informationTCP/IP protocol suite
TCP/IP protocol suite The TCP/IP protocol suite was developed prior to the OSI model. Therefore, the layers in the TCP/IP protocol suite do not match exactly with those in the OSI model. The original TCP/IP
More informationCOMP750. Distributed Systems. Network Overview
COMP750 Distributed Systems Network Overview Network Standards The purpose of a network is to allow two computers to communicate. Ex: The electrical power network in North America follows a standard to
More informationCN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER
CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER Transport Layer The Transport layer ensures the reliable arrival of messages and provides error checking mechanisms and data
More informationCS-461 Internetworking. Dr. Mohamed Aboutabl
CS-461 Internetworking Dr. Mohamed Aboutabl http://www.cs.jmu.edu/users/aboutams The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 1 Chapter 1 Introduction The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 2 Internet today Network
More informationIntroduction to computer networking
edge core Introduction to computer networking Comp Sci 3600 Security Outline edge core 1 2 edge 3 core 4 5 6 The edge core Outline edge core 1 2 edge 3 core 4 5 6 edge core Billions of connected computing
More informationLayered Architecture
1 Layered Architecture Required reading: Kurose 1.7 CSE 4213, Fall 2006 Instructor: N. Vlajic Protocols and Standards 2 Entity any device capable of sending and receiving information over the Internet
More informationChapter 2 Network Models 2.1
Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2-1 LAYERED TASKS We use the concept of layers in our daily life. As an example,
More informationOverview of Network Software. CS158a Chris Pollett Jan 31, 2007.
Overview of Network Software CS158a Chris Pollett Jan 31, 2007. Outline Design Issues for Protocol Hierarchies Reference Models Example Networks Protocol Hierarchies-Review To reduce design complexity
More informationChapter 2 Network Architectures A global view
Chapter 2 Architectures A global view Professor Dongning uo Architecture Architecture, n. 2a: formation or construction as or as if as the result of conscious act, 2b: a unifying or coherent form or structure.
More informationTCP/IP THE TCP/IP ARCHITECTURE
TCP/IP-1 The Internet Protocol (IP) enables communications across a vast and heterogeneous collection of networks that are based on different technologies. Any host computer that is connected to the Internet
More informationInternational Journal of Modern Engineering and Research Technology
Volume 4, Issue 2, April 2017 ISSN: 2348-8565 (Online) International Journal of Modern Engineering and Research Technology Website: http://www.ijmert.org Email: editor.ijmert@gmail.com Ashish Rai M. Tech.
More informationNetworking and Internetworking 1
Networking and Internetworking 1 Today l Networks and distributed systems l Internet architecture xkcd Networking issues for distributed systems Early networks were designed to meet relatively simple requirements
More informationSubnetting and addresses revisited
Subnetting and addresses revisited Smaller networks using one network address Hierarchy Better organization Better use of resources Addresses (network, host, broadcast) Grundlagen der Rechnernetze Introduction
More informationECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering. Spring 2018
ECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering Spring 2018 Networking Introduction Tyler Bletsch Duke University Slides are adapted from Brian Rogers (Duke) Computer Networking A background of important areas
More informationThe OSI Model and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite Outline: 1. Protocol Layers 2. OSI Model 3. TCP/IP Model 4. Addressing
The OSI Model and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite Outline: 1. Protocol Layers 2. OSI Model 3. TCP/IP Model 4. Addressing OBJECTIVES To discuss the OSI model and its layer architecture and to show the interface
More informationNetworks. Other Matters: draft Assignment 2 up (Labs 7 & 8 v. important!!) Ref: [Coulouris&al Ch 3, 4] network performance and principles
Networks Other Matters: draft Assignment 2 up (Labs 7 & 8 v. important!!) Ref: [Coulouris&al Ch 3, 4] network performance and principles OSI protocol; routing TCP/IP layers and packet organization IP addresses
More informationNetwork.... communication system for connecting end- systems. End-systems a.k.a. hosts PCs, workstations dedicated computers network components
Networking 1 Network... communication system for connecting end- systems End-systems a.k.a. hosts PCs, workstations dedicated computers network components 2 Multiaccess vs.. Point-to-point Multiaccess
More informationNetworking Fundamentals
Networking Fundamentals Network Startup Resource Center www.nsrc.org These materials are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
More informationCross Layer Protocol Design. Radio Communication III
Cross Layer Protocol Design Radio Communication III The layered world of protocols The ISO OSI model OSI model Introduction» The open systems interconnection reference model (OSI model) describes a layered
More informationISO/OSI Model and Collision Domain NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURES NETKIT - LECTURE 1 MANUEL CAMPO, MARCO SPAZIANI
ISO/OSI Model and Collision Domain NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURES NETKIT - LECTURE 1 MANUEL CAMPO, MARCO SPAZIANI ISO/OSI Model ISO: International Organization for Standardization OSI: Open Systems Interconnection
More informationLecture 11: Networks & Networking
Lecture 11: Networks & Networking Contents Distributed systems Network types Network standards ISO and TCP/IP network models Internet architecture IP addressing IP datagrams AE4B33OSS Lecture 11 / Page
More informationReview of Important Networking Concepts
Review of Important Networking Concepts Review: ed communication architecture The TCP/IP protocol suite 1 Networking Concepts Protocol Architecture Protocol s Encapsulation Network Abstractions 2 1 Sending
More informationinfrared Disadvantage: 1. cannot use for long-range communication or outside a building due to sun s rays.
Chapter2: analog and digital signals can take one of two forms: 1. periodic 2. nonperiodic Periodic analog signals can be classified as: 1. simple 2. composite A sine wave is represented by three parameters:
More informationIntroduction to Protocols
Chapter 6 Introduction to Protocols 1 Chapter 6 Introduction to Protocols What is a Network Protocol? A protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on a network. These
More informationITEC 3800 Data Communication and Network. Introducing Networks
ITEC 3800 Data Communication and Network Introducing Networks Introduction to Networking Computer network, or simply network Refers to the connection of two or more computers by some type of medium You
More informationModule 2 Overview of Computer Networks
Module 2 Overview of Computer Networks Networks and Communication Give me names of all employees Who earn more than $00,000 ISP intranet backbone satellite link desktop computer: server: network link:
More informationModule 2 Overview of. Computer Networks
Module Overview of Networks and Communication Give me names of all employees Who earn more than $00,000 ISP intranet backbone satellite link desktop computer: server: network link: CS454/654 - Issues How
More information