ATM Technology in Detail. Objectives. Presentation Outline
|
|
- Randolf Reynolds
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ATM Technology in Detail Professor Richard Harris Objectives You should be able to: Discuss the ATM protocol stack Identify the different layers and their purpose Explain the ATM Adaptation Layer Discuss the key differences between ATM, Frame Relay and IP technologies Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 2 Presentation Outline ATM Layering Adaptation layers in more detail Comparative reviews of ATM versus Frame Relay ATM versus LAN technologies ATM versus IP Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 3 1
2 ATM Layering - 1 ATM Layering defined by BISDN Reference model Distinguish User, Control and Management planes Three layers of functionality Physical ATM ATM Adaptation (AAL) Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 4 ATM Layering - 2 Control Plane User Plane Management Plane TCP/IP LMI, SNMP, Q.2931 FTP, etc CMIP SSCF - Service Specific Convergence Function SSCF SSCOP AAL AAL SSCOP - Service Specific Convergence Protocol AALCP SAAL AALCP - AAL Convergence Protocol ATM SDH, SONET, DS1, E1, etc Examples of Protocol Placement in the BISDN layers Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 5 ATM Layering - 3 Layer functions Convergence Segmentation and Reassembly CS SAR AAL Layer Management Generic flow control Cell header processing VPI/VCI processing Cell muxing & demuxing Cell rate decoupling HEC header processing Cell delineation Transmission frame adaptation Transmission frame generation/recovery ATM Bit timing PM Physical medium Physical Medium Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 6 TC Transmission Convergence PL Physical Layer 2
3 ATM Layering - 4 Upper Layer Protocols service definitions User Layer Protocols PDU s Upper Layer Protocols service definitions AAL Layer service definitions ATM Layer service definitions Physical Layer AAL PDU s ATM PDU s (cells) Cells - Framing? AAL Layer service definitions ATM Layer service definitions Physical Layer B-ISDN PDU s and Service Definitions Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 7 = Service Access Point, SAP ATM - Cell Header - 1, first 5 octets Transmit Order Bit positions GFC VPI VPI VPI VCI VPI VCI VCI VCI VCI PT C VCI PT C HEC HEC Header at UNI Header at NNI VPI = Virtual Path Identifier VCI = Virtual Channel Identifier GFC = Generic Flow Control PT = Payload Type C = Cell Loss Priority HEC = Header Error Control Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 8 ATM - Cell Header - 2 Major Header Functions VPI & VCI information. Cell Loss Priority Bit - may discard cell if set to 1. Payload Type -3 bits. Generic Flow Control - GFC. For control signalling and OAM functions at the UNI. Header Error Control - HEC. An 8 bit field, error checking the first 4 octets (uses BCH code). Will auto correct single bit errors and identify most multiple bit errors. All resultant uncorrected/errored cells are discarded. HEC may also be used for cell delineation. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 9 3
4 ATM - Physical layer - 1 Physical Layer - Examples of Transmission Convergence (TC) functions. Cell Rate Decoupling Header Error Control - HEC Cell Delineation Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 10 ATM - Physical Layer - 2 Transmission Convergence - Cell Rate Decoupling If no information is passed down from the ATM layer, the TC sub-layer in the transmitter generates Idle Cells to maintain the specified data rate. Some systems are Cell-based with no framing (eg. LAN s), others are Frame-based, eg. STM-1 frames in SDH. In the former case the user rate is Mbps. In the latter case the rate is the well known Mbps. ie = * (26 : 27). In a practical case this means inserting a PLOAM cell after each 26 cells. See ATM LAN networks. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 11 Physical Layer - 3 Header Error Control (HEC) function The HEC protects the first 4 octets of Header only - not the cell! Designed to correct isolated single bit errors and detect a very wide range of multiple bit errors. The algorithm is conservative. Multi-bit error detected (Cell discarded) No error Detected (No action) Detection Mode No error detected (No action) Correction Mode Error detected (Cell discarded) Single -bit error detected (Correction) Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 12 4
5 Physical Layer - 4 Cell Delineation - Assuming no errors, HEC s in successive cells will only be correct if the cell boundaries have been maintained on reception. Assume the TC sublayer examines 40 bits in a shift register. If this is a valid header the last 8 bits will be the correct HEC for the first 32 bits, ie. the cell boundary has been maintained. If the HEC is incorrect, a one bit shift is made and the HEC recalculated. This bit by bit checking is defined as the hunt state. Alpha consecutive Incorrect HEC Cell-by-Cell check Bit-by-Bit Check synch hunt Delta consec. correct HEC Incorrect HEC Correct HEC presynch Cell-by-cell check Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 13 Adaptation Layer - AAL AAL is the layer which adapts the cell-based ATM layer to packet, datagram, or bit stream oriented higher layers. Four different types of AAL. AAL is considered to consist of 2 internal sublayers: * Convergence Sublayer (CS) *Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer (SAR) Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 14 Adaptation Layer - 2 Service Parameters Timing Compensation Bit Rate Connection Mode Example Class A Class B Class C Class D Required Constant circuit emulation Connection- Oriented (CO) variable bit rate video Not Required Variable CO data transfer Connection- Less (CL) CL data transfer AAL Type Type 1 Type 2 Type3 Type 4 Type 5 Service Classification / AAL Types Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 15 5
6 AAL - 3 A Virtual Connection (VC) endpoint consists of a physical medium interface, an ATM layer, and the Adaptation layer as shown. The figure shows multiple user services being simultaneously supported by the AAL, each providing for a different type of transfer: eg. simultaneous video and file transfers. Service P Service Q Service R RX VCI/VPI Convergence Sublayer Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer TX VCI/VPI RX VCI/VPI TX VCI/VPI RX VCI/VPI TX VCI/VPI AAL ATM Layer ATM cell transport media Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 16 AAL - 4 AAL Types AAL Type 1 (AAL1) - is specified for Constant Bit Rate (CBR) services for which clock signals at the receiver may need to be provided by the AAL from the incoming bit stream, eg. circuit emulation. AAL Type 2 (AAL2) - is specified for Variable Bit Rate (VBR) services, eg. certain video services. AAL Type 3/4 (AAL3/4) - is specified for packet transport services. This AAL is a merging of the earlier specified types 3 and 4 AAL Type 5 (AAL5) - Simpler than AAL3/4; provides best working with current LAN technologies. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 17 AAL - 5 For AAL3/4 and AAL5, the I.363 Rec. further divides the CS into an upper and lower half; ie. Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (SSCS) Common Part Convergence Sublayer (CPCS) Type 1 Type 2 Type 3/4 Type 5 SSCS SSCS CS CS CPCS CPCS SAR SAR SAR SAR ATM Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 18 6
7 AAL - 6 AAL Convergence and SAR - a generic view, transmit side CS and SAR Higher Layer PDU AAL_SDU header CS_PDU trailer 44,47 or 48 H 48 H H T H 53 Semester Advanced Telecommunications Cells Transmitted Slide 19 The Type 1 AAL - 1 Transfer of Constant Bit Rate Services Transfer of Timing Information Indication of Lost/Errored Information Functions: Segmentation and reassembly of user information Handling of cell delay variation Handling of lost & miss-inserted cells Source clock recovery at receiver Monitoring and handling of certain bit errors Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 20 The Type 1 AAL - 2 AAL Type - Format 47 Octets SN SNP Payload 4 bits 4 bits Header SN = Cell Sequence Number SNP = Sequence Number Protection Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 21 7
8 The Type 1 AAL - 3 Sequence Number (SN) field Three Bit Sequence Count field CSI Bit - carries the CS Indication - from CS layer CSI Bit Sequence Count Field - 3 bits Sequence No. Field - 4 bits Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 22 The Type 1 AAL - 4 Sequence Number Protection (SNP) field Provides error protection and some auto correction The SN field is protected by a 3 bit CRC code which provides single bit correction and multiple bit detection. The resulting 7 bit word is protected by an even parity check bit (simple error detection). Even Parity Bit CRC Field - 3 bits SNP Field Format Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 23 The Type 1 AAL - 5 The CS Protocol for AAL Type 1 A number of functions may be handled - eg. Source Clock recovery at the receiver, may use Adaptive Clock or Time Stamp. Adaptive Clock The local CS reads the buffer of the incoming cells. The buffer fill level provides a mechanism to control the local clock. Synchronous Residual Time Stamp (SRTS) Uses a Residual Time Stamp (RTS) to measure and convey information to the receiver about the difference between a common reference clock derived from the network and the service clock at the sender. The RTS is transmitted in the CSI bits of successive s. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 24 8
9 AAL Type 3/4 - Overview Higher Layer PDU CPCS-H CPCS_PDU pad CPCS-T BOM SAR head COM SAR trail COM BOM = Beginning of Message COM = Continuation of Message EOM = End of Message ATM cell EOM SAR head SAR trail Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 25 AAL Type 5 - Overview Higher Layer PDU CPCS_PDU AAU 0 AAU 0 AAU 0 AAU = ATM user-to-user Indication. It is inserted into the Payload type field of the ATM Cell header. ATM Cell AAU 1 pad CPCS trailer Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 26 Comparing AAL3/4 and AAL5 AAL5 AAL3/4 CPCS-PDU Comparison Octets , CPI Btag BA Size CPCS_PDU pad AL Etag Length CPCS_PDU header CPCS_PDU trailer CPI = Common Part Indicator Btag = Beginning Tag BA Size = Buffer Allocation Size AL = 32 bit Alignment Etag = Ending Tag Length = CPCS_PDU Length Octets 1-65, CPCS_PDU pad CPCS -UU CPI Length CRC CPCS_PDU trailer CPCS-UU = CPCS user-to-user indicator Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 27 9
10 Comparing AAL3/4 and AAL5 A comparison at the SAR sublayer is made. (The AAL type1 is also drawn for reference) Type 1 Type 3/4 SN SNP 1 octet S T SN 47 octets MID LI CRC 2 octets 44 octets 2 octets SN = Sequence No. ST = Segment Type MID = Multiplexing Ident. LI = Length Indicate CRC = Cyclic Redundancy Check Type 5 48 octets Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 28 AAL5 - A final note A single bit in the PTI field of the cell header is termed the ATM-layer-user-to-ATMlayer-user parameter - AAU. AAU = 1 to mark the last of a CPCS_PDU (or the only of a small CPCS_PDU). AAU = 0 for cells carrying the beginning and continuation s ( for CPCS_PDU s spanning more than one cell. See Slide titled AAL Type 5 - Overview Cell Header 48 octets One Bit AAU in PTI Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 29 Comparative Reviews Now that we have provided an overview of ATM and other forms of packet switching, we shall now revisit these earlier technologies and provide some comparative reviews of ATM versus Frame Relay ATM versus LAN technologies ATM versus IP Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 30 10
11 ATM Versus Frame Relay - 1 The following diagrams compare the headers for Frame Relay and ATM respectively. Notice that they are actually very similar: Frame Relay ATM Flag DLCI C/R E GFC VPI DLCI F BDE VPI VCI I (variable) VCI FCS VCI PT C FCS HEC Payload 48 bytes) Flag Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 31 ATM Versus Frame Relay - 2 Key to acronyms: B = Backward explicit congestion notification bit (BECN) C = Cell loss priority bit (CLP) C/R = Command/response bit D = Discard eligibility bit (DE) DLCI = data link connection identifier E = Address extension bit F = Forward explicit congestion notification bit (FECN) FCS = Frame check sequence field GFC = Generic Flow Control field HEC = Header Error Control field I = Information field (user traffic) PT = Payload Type identifier VCI = Virtual Channel Identifier VPI = Virtual Path Identifier Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 32 ATM Versus Frame Relay - 3 Comments: Each contains a virtual circuit ID Both contain bits to allow traffic to be tagged if there are any difficulties present in the network. (DE in Frame Relay and CLP in ATM) Both allow for congestion notification. For FR this facility is provided in the FECN and BECN bits. For ATM this is done in the bits residing in the type identifier PTI. Note: ATM provides no mechanism for identifying forward or backward congestion notification bits. The Frame Relay header is embedded in another PDU which is considered part of the overall FR header and trailer. By contrast, ATM doesn t have flag type fields and error checking is done in the fifth byte of the header. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 33 11
12 ATM Versus Frame Relay - 4 Attribute Frame Relay ATM Application support Asynchronous data Asynchronous, not designed for voice. synchronous voice, video, data. Connection mode Connection-oriented Connection-oriented Congestion management Yes, congestion notification, traffic tagging and possible traffic discard. PVC Yes Yes SVC (connection on demand) Congestion notification technique LAN or WAN technology PDU size ACK/NAK retransmissions Yes The FECN and BECN bits WAN based Variable (PDU is called a frame) No Yes, congestion notification, traffic tagging and possible traffic discard. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 34 Yes The CN bits in the PTI field Either Fixed at 53 bytes. PDU is called a cell. Only for signalling traffic on SVCs ATM Versus LAN Technologies - 1 Attribute Ethernet IEEE ATM Application support Asynchronous data with some voice, but not designed for voice. Asynchronous data with some voice, but not designed for voice. Asynchronous, synchronous voice, video, data. Connection mode Connectionless Connectionless Connection-oriented Congestion management Method of identifying traffic Congestion notification technique Collision detection Collision detection Yes, congestion notification, traffic tagging and possible traffic discard. 48-bit MAC address 48-bit MAC address Virtual circuit ID: The VPI/VCI and an ATM address None None The CN bits in the PTI field PDU size Variable Variable Fixed at 53 bytes. PDU is called a cell. ACK/NAK retransmissions No No Only for signalling traffic on SVCs Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 35 ATM Versus IP - 1 These two technologies use different identifiers and different encapsulation headers. ATM is connection oriented IP is connectionless. Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 36 12
13 ATM Versus IP - 2 Attribute IP ATM Application support Asynchronous data Asynchronous, not designed for voice. synchronous voice, video, data. Connection mode Connectionless Connection-oriented Congestion management Method of identifying traffic Congestion notification technique None 32-bit IP address None Yes, congestion notification, traffic tagging and possible traffic discard. Virtual circuit ID: The VPI/VCI and an ATM address The CN bits in the PTI field PDU size Variable Fixed at 53 bytes. PDU is called a cell. ACK/NAK No Only for signalling traffic retransmissions on SVCs Semester Advanced Telecommunications Slide 37 13
! Cell streams relating to different media types are multiplexed together on a statistical basis for transmission and switching.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks! All source media is first broken down into a stream of fixed sized units known as cells.! Cell streams relating to different media types are multiplexed together
More informationAsynchronous. nous Transfer Mode. Networks: ATM 1
Asynchronous nous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks: ATM 1 Issues Driving LAN Changes Traffic Integration Voice, video and data traffic Multimedia became the buzz word One-way batch Two-way batch One-way interactive
More information1997, Scott F. Midkiff 1
Welcome to! Loooooooooooooooots of acronyms! By Scott Midkiff ECpE/CS 5516, VPI Spring 1997 (modified by Marc Abrams for Spring 1998) A lot of what s in came from the phone and ing worlds, not the LAN
More informationLesson 3 Network technologies - Controlling
Lesson 3 Network technologies - Controlling Objectives : Network control or traffic engineering is one of the important techniques in the network. Understanding QoS control, traffic engineering and OAM
More informationCPEG 514. Lecture 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) CPEG 514
Lecture 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode () Outline Introduction Virtual Circuit Setup PVC vs. SVC Quality of Service and Congestion Control IP over and Frame Relay interworking Network (integrated voice,
More informationATM Introduction. The Grand Unification 2005/03/11. (C) Herbert Haas
ATM Introduction The Grand Unification Agenda What is it? Who wants it? Who did it? Header and Switching ATM Layer Hypercube Adaptation Layers Signaling Addresses 2 What is ATM? High-Speed Virtual Circuits
More informationA T M. Cell Switched Technology. not SMDS. Defacto Standard Multimedia capable Use with SONET or SDH. Fixed Length - 53 bytes. DigiPoints Volume 1
A T M Cell Switched Technology Fixed Length - 53 bytes not SMDS Defacto Standard Multimedia capable Use with SONET or SDH SCTE VA 12.1 SONET Optical Carrier (OC) Rates and SDH Synchronous Transport Module
More informationPacket Switching - Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Introduction. Areas for Discussion. 3.3 Cell Switching (ATM) ATM - Introduction
Areas for Discussion Packet Switching - Asynchronous Transfer Mode 3.3 Cell Switching (ATM) Introduction Cells Joseph Spring School of Computer Science BSc - Computer Network Protocols & Arch s Based on
More informationCell Switching (ATM) Commonly transmitted over SONET other physical layers possible. Variable vs Fixed-Length Packets
Cell Switching (ATM) Connection-oriented packet-switched network Used in both WAN and LAN settings Signaling (connection setup) Protocol: Q2931 Specified by ATM forum Packets are called cells 5-byte header
More informationIntroduction. ATM Technology. What is ATM? Agenda
Introduction Technology Asynchronous Transfer Mode Principles, ing, AAL, Signaling In 1986 the CCITT (now ITU-T) adopted as background technology for B-ISDN B-ISDN intended to replace several widespread
More informationAppendix 5 - ATM Technology in Detail
Technology Asynchronous Transfer Mode Principles, Layering, AAL, Signaling Agenda Introduction Reference Model Physical Layer Layer Switching Details Adaptation Layer Signaling and Addressing Technology,
More informationATM. Asynchronous Transfer Mode. these slides are based on USP ATM slides from Tereza Carvalho. ATM Networks Outline
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode these slides are based on USP ATM slides from Tereza Carvalho 1 ATM Networks Outline ATM technology designed as a support for ISDN Definitions: STM and ATM Standardization
More informationATM. Asynchronous Transfer Mode. (and some SDH) (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (and some SDH) (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) Why use ATM? Circuit switched connections: After initial setup no processing in network nodes Fixed bit rates, fixed time delay
More informationThis Lecture. BUS Computer Facilities Network Management X.25. X.25 Packet Switch. Wide Area Network (WAN) Technologies. X.
This ecture BUS350 - Computer Facilities Network Management Wide rea Network (WN) Technologies. X.5 Frame Relay TM Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Faculty of Information Technology
More informationBasic concept of ATM communication
Lesson 3 AM Network (2days) Basic concept of AM communication Protocol structure of AM network Hardware routing OSI reference model AM network protocols Objectives : AM concepts are typical connection
More informationATM Logical Connections: VCC. ATM Logical Connections: VPC
ATM Logical Connections: VCC Logical Connections in ATM are referred to as virtual channel connections (VCCs). Virtual channel (VC) is a generic term used to describe unidirectional transport of ATM cells
More informationAsynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Protocol Architecture (diag) CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 2 1 Reference Model Planes User plane Provides for user information transfer Control
More informationPart 5: Link Layer Technologies. CSE 3461: Introduction to Computer Networking Reading: Chapter 5, Kurose and Ross
Part 5: Link Layer Technologies CSE 3461: Introduction to Computer Networking Reading: Chapter 5, Kurose and Ross 1 Outline PPP ATM X.25 Frame Relay 2 Point to Point Data Link Control One sender, one receiver,
More informationCell Format. Housekeeping. Segmentation and Reassembly AAL 3/4
Housekeeping 1 st Project Handout ue Friday Oct 5 Quiz: Friday Sept 21 Material covered so far 1 st Test October 12 Cell Format User-Network Interface (UNI) 4 8 16 3 1 GFC VPI VCI Type CLP 8 HEC (CRC-8)
More informationPacket Switching. Hongwei Zhang Nature seems to reach her ends by long circuitous routes.
Problem: not all networks are directly connected Limitations of directly connected networks: limit on the number of hosts supportable limit on the geographic span of the network Packet Switching Hongwei
More informationASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE
Fundamentals of Telecommunications. Roger L. Freeman Copyright 1999 Roger L. Freeman Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBNs: 0-471-29699-6 (Hardback); 0-471-22416-2 (Electronic) 18 ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS INTRODUCTION ATM stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a flexible high bandwidth, low delay network technology that is: Capable of handling voice, video and data
More informationDigiPoints Volume 1. Leader Guide. Module 12 Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Summary. Outcomes. Objectives. Prerequisites
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Page 12.i DigiPoints Volume 1 Module 12 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Summary This last module of, covers ATM, and provides an end-to-end data communications model that draws on
More informationMaster Course Computer Networks IN2097
Chair for Network Architectures and Services Prof. Carle Department of Computer Science TU München Master Course Computer Networks IN2097 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Carle Christian Grothoff, Ph.D. Stephan Günther
More informationEthernet Switches (more)
Ethernet Switches layer 2 (frame) forwarding, filtering using LAN addresses Switching: A-to-B and A - to-b simultaneously, no collisions large number of interfaces often: individual hosts, star-connected
More informationHWP2 Application level query routing HWP1 Each peer knows about every other beacon B1 B3
HWP2 Application level query routing HWP1 Each peer knows about every other beacon B2 B1 B3 B4 B5 B6 11-Feb-02 Computer Networks 1 HWP2 Query routing searchget(searchkey, hopcount) Rget(host, port, key)
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SEED NETWORKS LAYERS The function and associated information of the planes is as follows: The reference model is composed of the following planes: Control lane manages the call and connection.
More informationBandwidth-on-Demand up to very high speeds. Variety of physical layers using optical fibre, copper, wireless. 3BA33 D.Lewis
Broadband ISDN 3BA33 David Lewis 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 1 B-ISDN Model has 3 planes User Control Management 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 3 Broadband ISDN Was Expected to be the Universal Network of the future Takes
More informationProtocol Architecture (diag) Computer Networks. ATM Connection Relationships. ATM Logical Connections
168 430 Computer Networks Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Protocol Architecture Similarities between ATM and packet switching Transfer of data in discrete chunks Multiple logical connections over
More informationWilliam Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition. Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Protocol Architecture Similarities between ATM and packet switching Transfer of data in discrete chunks
More informationAdministrivia. Homework on class webpage If you are having problems following me in class (or doing the homework problems), please buy the textbook
Administrivia Homework on class webpage If you are having problems following me in class (or doing the homework problems), please buy the textbook Project Discussion class_ gotcha Reading finally on webpage
More informationTechnical Committee. Network Management
Technical Committee Network Management AAL Management for the M4 NE View Interface January, 1997 AAL Management for the M4 NE View AAL Management for the M4 NE View Interface November 1996 (C) 1996 The
More informationATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode revisited
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode revisited ACN 2007 1 ATM GOAL To establish connections between an arbitrary number of hosts...... over channels that fulfills a certain QoS level. -> ATM networks make it
More informationInternetworking Part 1
CMPE 344 Computer Networks Spring 2012 Internetworking Part 1 Reading: Peterson and Davie, 3.1 22/03/2012 1 Not all networks are directly connected Limit to how many hosts can be attached Point-to-point:
More informationModule 10 Frame Relay and ATM
Module 10 Frame Relay and ATM Lesson 34 ATM: Concepts And Header 10.2.1 INTRODUCTION IP has a varying packet size which causes no problem while multiplexing but makes switching difficult. ATM uses a fixed
More informationATM networks. C. Pham Université de Pau et des Pays de l Adour LIUPPA Laboratory
ATM networks C. Pham Université de Pau et des Pays de l Adour LIUPPA Laboratory http://www.univ-pau.fr/~cpham Congduc.Pham@univ-pau.fr Issues Driving LAN Changes Traffic Integration Voice, video and data
More informationATM Networks. Raj Jain
ATM Networks Professor of Computer and Information Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210-1277 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/ 1 Overview ATM: Overview ATM Protocol Layers Network Interfaces
More informationMAHALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE TIRUCHIRAPALLI
MAHALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE TIRUCHIRAPALLI 621 213 UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS Part A (2 Marks) 1. Differentiate Frame relay and X.25 packet-switching service. -> Call control signaling is carried on
More informationAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ATM concepts
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a switching technique for telecommunication networks. It uses asynchronous time-division multiplexing,[1][2] and it encodes data into
More informationFigure 10.1 Cell switching principles: (a) routing schematic; (b) VP routing; (c) VC routing.
Figure. Cell switching principles: (a) routing schematic; (b) VP routing; (c) VC routing. (a) PCI =,,, 4 4 PCI =, 4 4 6 PCI = 6, Link/Port RT Link/Port RT Link/Port RT In Port PCI 4 Out Port PCI 4 6 Port
More informationChapter 10. Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1
Chapter 10 Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1 Content Switched communication networks Circuit switching networks Circuit-switching concepts Packet-switching principles X.25 (mentioned but not
More informationFrame Relay. Frame Relay Information 1 of 18
Frame Relay Information 1 of 18 This document was retrieved from the Web and has been been edited by Thomas Jerry Scott for use in his TCP/IP network classes. Chapter Goals Describe the history of Frame
More informationAdvanced Internet Technologies
Advanced Internet Technologies Chapter 2 ATM Dr.-Ing. Falko Dressler Chair for Computer Networks & Internet Wilhelm-Schickard-Institute for Computer Science University of Tübingen http://net.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/
More informationEUROPEAN ETS TELECOMMUNICATION August 1995 STANDARD
EUROPEAN ETS 300 354 TELECOMMUNICATION August 1995 STANDARD Source: ETSI TC-NA Reference: DE/NA-052729 ICS: 33.040 Key words: Broadband, ISDN, PRM Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN);
More informationMPLS AToM Overview. Documentation Specifics. Feature Overview
MPLS AToM Overview This document provides an introduction to MPLS AToM and includes the following sections: Documentation Specifics, page 14 Feature Overview, page 14 Benefits, page 26 What To Do Next,
More informationModule 10 Frame Relay and ATM
Module 10 Frame Relay and ATM Lesson 35 ATM: Virtual Path, Virtual Channel. ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) 10.3.1 VIRTUAL PATH AND VIRTUAL CHANNEL Connection between two endpoints is accomplished through virtual
More informationExplore some common protocols. Telephone network protocols. Traditional digital transmission. Digital Communications II
Explore some common protocols Common Protocols Digital Communications II Much discussion of principles, but not protocol details These change with time Real protocols draw many things together Overview
More informationCOMPUTER NETWORKS Data link layer protocols
Data link layer (layer 2) Gruppo Reti TLC nome.cognome@polito.it http://www.telematica.polito.it/ Copyright Quest opera è protetta dalla licenza Creative Commons NoDerivs-NonCommercial. Per vedere una
More informationINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN) OVERALL NETWORK ASPECTS AND FUNCTIONS
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T I.363 TELECOMMUNICATION (03/93) STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN) OVERALL NETWORK ASPECTS AND FUNCTIONS B-ISDN ATM ADAPTATION
More informationPublished IEEE Network, September This original version reconstructed December 2005.
Page:1 ATM Adaptation Layer Packet Reassembly during Cell Loss G. J. Armitage and K.M. Adams POSTAL ADDRESS for both Authors: Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville
More informationHubs. Interconnecting LANs. Q: Why not just one big LAN?
Interconnecting LANs Q: Why not just one big LAN? Limited amount of supportable traffic: on single LAN, all stations must share bandwidth limited length: 802.3 specifies maximum cable length large collision
More informationLecture 03 Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode
NET 456 High Speed Networks Lecture 03 Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Dr. Anis Koubaa Reformatted slides from textbook Data and Computer Communications, Ninth Edition by William Stallings, 1 (c)
More informationPRODUCT SUMMARY. SARA-Lite SAR for AAL Type 0/5 with UBR Traffic, Frame Relay and LANE Support INTRODUCTION
SARA-Lite SAR for AAL Type 0/5 with UBR Traffic, Frame Relay and LANE Support INTRODUCTION PRODUCT SUMMARY SARA-Lite ATM AAL0/5 Segmentation and Reassembly Product TheTranSwitchSARA-Lite product provides
More informationCISC452 Telecommunications Systems. Lesson 6 Frame Relay and ATM
CISC452 Telecommunications Systems Lesson 6 Frame Relay and ATM 1 Technology Comparison Private Line X.25 SMDS Frame Relay ATM IP Speed 56K - 622M 9.6K - 2.048M 56K - 34M Dial - 45M 1.5M - 622M Dial -
More informationTelecommunication. AAL (ATM Adaptation Layer) Krzysztof Wajda. Department of Telecommunications, AGH-UST November, 2016
Telecommunication Networks and Systems AAL (ATM Adaptation Layer) Krzysztof Wajda Department of Telecommunications, AGH-UST November, 2016 Outline Motivation to introduce so many AAL versions Description
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS ATM SWITCHING ATM is a connection-oriented transport concept An end-to-end connection (virtual channel) established prior to transfer of cells Signaling used for connection
More informationComputer Facilities and Network Management BUS3150 Tutorial - Week 13
Computer Facilities and Network Management BUS3150 Tutorial - Week 13 *** FOR TUTORS ONLY *** The answers provided here are only brief guides. If you have any comments or suggestions for improvement to
More informationTelematics Chapter 7: MPLS
Telematics Chapter 7: MPLS User watching video clip Beispielbild Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Server with video clips Application Layer Presentation Layer Session
More informationATM Networks: An Overview
ATM Networks: An Overview Professor of Computer and Information Sciences Columbus, OH 43210-1277 http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/ 2-1 MBone Instructions Handouts for the class are available on-line:
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 7 Connection Oriented Packet Data Networks Communication Networks - 7. Connection Oriented PDNs 236 Overview 1. Fundamentals of Connection-Oriented Packet Switching 2. X.25
More informationMulti-Service Interworking Frame Relay and ATM Service Interworking over MPLS. MFA Forum
Multi-Service Interworking Frame Relay and Service Interworking over MFA Forum 15.0.0 MFA Forum Technical Committee January 2007 and Service Interworking over MFA Forum 15.0.0 Note: The user s attention
More informationAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) Petr Grygárek rek 1 ATM basic characteristics Integrates transfer of voice, video, data and other media using statistical al multiplexing ing multiplexes
More informationConfiguring Frame Relay-ATM Interworking
Configuring -ATM Interworking The -ATM Interworking features enable and ATM networks to exchange data, despite differing network protocols. There are two types of -ATM Interworking: FRF.5 -ATM Network
More informationDatenkommunikation SS L04 - Network Principles
Network Principles Circuit Switching, Introduction ISDN Packet Switching, Datagram versus Virtual Call Introduction X.25, FR and ATM, OSI Model Agenda Introduction Circuit Switching Principles ISDN Packet
More informationDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE INTERFACE STANDARD STANDARDIZED PROFILE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM)
NOTICE OF CHANGE INCH-POUND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE INTERFACE STANDARD STANDARDIZED PROFILE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM) TO ALL HOLDERS OF : 1. THE FOLLOWING PAGES OF HAVE BEEN REVISED AND SUPERSEDE
More informationPRACTICES FNC Guide to ATM GUIDE TO ATM CROSS PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2002 FUJITSU NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
PRACTICES GUIDE TO ATM CROSS PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2002 FUJITSU NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS, INC. Copyrights, Trademarks, and Disclaimers All products or services mentioned in this document
More informationUnit_2 The Telephone Network. Shikha Sharma RCET,Bhilai 1
Unit_2 The Telephone Network Shikha Sharma RCET,Bhilai 1 Is it a computer network? Specialized to carry voice Also carries telemetry video fax modem calls Internally, uses digital samples Switches and
More informationNETWORK PARADIGMS. Bandwidth (Mbps) ATM LANS Gigabit Ethernet ATM. Voice, Image, Video, Data. Fast Ethernet FDDI SMDS (DQDB)
1. INTRODUCTION NETWORK PARADIGMS Bandwidth (Mbps) 1000 ATM LANS Gigabit Ethernet ATM 100 10 Fast Ethernet FDDI SMDS (DQDB) Voice, Image, Video, Data 1 Ethernet/ Token Ring/ Token Bus Frame Relay X.25
More informationWAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi
WAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi www.baldi.info WAN_Technologies - 1 Copyright: see page 2 Copyright Notice This set of transparencies, hereinafter referred to as slides, is protected
More informationABSTRACT. 2. DISCUSSION The following list describes the proposed modifications to the Q.2111 Annex D baseline by section:
UIT-Secteur de la normalisation des télécommunications ITU-Telecommunication Standardisation Sector UIT-Sector de Normalisación de las Telecomunicaciones B01-04-01 T1S1/001-00 T1S1.7/001-079 Delayed Contribution
More informationManagement of Low and Variable Bit Rate. ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 Traffic
Western Australian Telecommunications Research Institute and The University of Western Australia Management of Low and Variable Bit Rate ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 Traffic Charles Voo This thesis is presented
More informationSDH. Protected monitoring point or dedicated monitor access
CMA 3000 ATM Test Options SPECIFICATIONS Testing ATM connections has never been easier CMA 3000 is Anritsu s next-generation portable and futureproof field tester for the installation and maintenance of
More informationITU-T I.150. B-ISDN asynchronous transfer mode functional characteristics
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T I.150 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (02/99) SERIES I: INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK General structure General description of asynchronous
More informationCompSci 356: Computer Network Architectures. Lecture 7: Switching technologies Chapter 3.1. Xiaowei Yang
CompSci 356: Computer Network Architectures Lecture 7: Switching technologies Chapter 3.1 Xiaowei Yang xwy@cs.duke.edu Types of switching Datagram Virtual circuit Source routing Today Bridges and LAN switches
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS)
CHAPTER 14 Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) Background Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) is a high-speed, packet-switched, datagram-based WAN networking technology used for communication
More informationPacket Switching Techniques
Packet Switching Techniques 188lecture3.ppt Pasi Lassila 1 Problem Aim: Build larger networks connecting more users also spanning different network technologies Shared media networks limited number of
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service
CHAPTER 14 Chapter Goals Tell how SMDS works, and describe its components. Describe the operational elements of the SMDS environment, and outline its underlying protocol. Discuss related technologies.
More information2001 ALCATEL BELL N.V. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED VHBE Alcatel University. Page 1
1 Page 1 ADSL coaching team Frank Vercamme Frank.Vercamme@alcatel.be Marc Debacker Marc.Debacker@alcatel.be Werner Van Loock Werner.van_loock@alcatel.be Brian Bogaerts Brian.Bogaerts@alcatel.be Customer
More informationThis chapter covers the following topics: Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) AToM operations
This chapter covers the following topics: Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) AToM operations C H A P T E R 6 Understanding Any Transport over MPLS To provide Layer 2 VPN services over an IP/Multiprotocol
More informationTeldat Router ATM Doc. DM740-I Rev June, 2003
Teldat Router ATM Doc. DM740-I Rev. 10.10 June, 2003 INDEX Chapter 1 The ATM protocol...1 1. Introduction... 2 2. General Overview of ATM protocol... 3 2.1. Reference Model... 4 2.2. Physical Layer...
More informationLecture 22 Overview. Last Lecture. This Lecture. Next Lecture. Internet Applications. ADSL, ATM Source: chapter 14
Last Lecture Lecture 22 Overview Internet Applications This Lecture ADSL, ATM Source: chapter 14 Next Lecture Wireless Networking Source: chapter 15 COSC244 & TELE202 Lecture 22 - ADSL, ATM 1 Modem Enable
More informationAppendix 10. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) The technique of cell relay
Appendix 10 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks were designed to be able to support: usage by multiple users simultaneously; different reat-time (RT) and non-real-time
More informationOverview p. 1 Broadband and ATM p. 2 The Evolution Toward Broadband p. 3 Access Networks, Core Networks, and Service Providers p.
Contents p. v Preface p. xxiii Conventions p. xxiv Acknowledgments p. xxiv Overview p. 1 Broadband and ATM p. 2 The Evolution Toward Broadband p. 3 Access Networks, Core Networks, and Service Providers
More informationNetwork Working Group Request for Comments: 2761 Category: Informational February 2000
Network Working Group Request for Comments: 2761 Category: Informational J. Dunn C. Martin ANC, Inc. February 2000 Terminology for ATM Benchmarking Status of this Memo This memo provides information for
More informationNetwork management and QoS provisioning - revise. When someone have to share the same resources is possible to consider two particular problems:
Revise notes Multiplexing & Multiple Access When someone have to share the same resources is possible to consider two particular problems:. multiplexing;. multiple access. The first one is a centralized
More informationModule 10 Frame Relay and ATM
Module 10 Frame Relay and ATM 10.0 INTRODUCTION Multimedia is basically a heterogeneous service which is characterized by different traffic types and variable bandwidths. Specifically Video bandwidth has
More informationPartial-Frame Retransmission Scheme for Data Communication Error Recovery in B-ISDN
20 Partial-Frame Retransmission Scheme for Data Communication Error Recovery in B-ISDN Ichiro INOUE and Naotaka MORITA Communication Switching Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation,
More informationConfiguring Frame Relay-ATM Interworking
The Frame Relay-ATM Interworking features enable Frame Relay and ATM networks to exchange data, despite differing network protocols. There are two types of Frame Relay-ATM Interworking: FRF.5 Frame Relay-ATM
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 3 Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Useful bandwidth of medium exceeds required bandwidth of channel Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency
More informationITU-T G (01/2005) ATM-based multi-pair bonding
International Telecommunication Union ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU G.998.1 (01/2005) SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Digital sections and
More informationmultiplexing hierarchies
Transmission techniques and multiplexing hierarchies Switching Technology S38.165 http://www.netlab.hut.fi/opetus/s38165 2-1 Transmission techniques and multiplexing hierarchies Transmission of data signals
More informationAsynchronous_Transfer_Mode_Switching
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is an International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunications Standards Section (ITU-T) standard for cell relay wherein information for multiple service types, such as
More informationComputer Networks II
Computer Networks II Asynchronous Transfer Mode Giorgio Ventre COMICS LAB Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica Università di Napoli Federico II Nota di Copyright Quest insieme di trasparenze è stato
More informationETSI TS V1.1.1 ( )
TS 102 115-2 V1.1.1 (2002-10) Technical Specification Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN); HIPERACCESS; Cell based Convergence Layer; Part 2: UNI Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (SSCS) 2 TS 102
More informationPSD. SDSL ADSL up ADSL down SHDSL POTS. Reach achieved by different xdsl technologies and Spectral efficiency.
TrendCommunications Trend s xdsl Guide Quick Reference Mbit/s 2.5 PSD 2 1.5 1 HDSL2 SDSL ADSL up ADSL down SHDSL POTS.5 IDSL 2.5 5.0 7.5 Average Reach Achieved (km) 4 20 140 400 Frequency (khz) 1100 Figure
More informationPacket Switching. Communication Networks Chapter 10: Connection-Oriented PDNs
Communication Networks Chapter 10: Connection-Oriented PDNs o X.25 o Frame Relay o Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Packet Switching Circuit switching was designed for voice Packet switching was designed
More informationLecture (08) Fundamentals of WANs (II)
Agenda Lecture (08) Fundamentals of WANs (II) OSI Layer 2 of WANs ATM & SONET WAN Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee ١ ٢ OSI Layer 2 of WANs OSI Layer 2 of WANs (2) WAN protocols used on point to point serial links
More informationVirtual-Circuit Networks: Frame Relay andatm
CHAPTER 18 Virtual-Circuit Networks: Frame Relay andatm n Chapter 8, we discussed switching techniques. We said that there are three types of switching: circuit switching, packet switching, and message
More informationINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN) INTERNETWORK INTERFACES AND MAINTENANCE PRINCIPLES
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCITT I.610 THE INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN) INTERNETWORK INTERFACES AND MAINTENANCE PRINCIPLES
More informationEindhoven University of Technology MASTER. ATM in a distributed computing environment. van Vught, A.M.J. Award date: Link to publication
Eindhoven University of Technology MASTER ATM in a distributed computing environment van Vught, A.M.J. Award date: 1996 Link to publication Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's
More information