Chapter 30 Network Management (SNMP)
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1 Chapter 30 Network Management (SNMP) Columbus, OH
2 Overview Network Management SNMP Management information base (MIB) ASN.1 Notation 30-2
3 Network Management Management = Initialization, Monitoring, Control Manage, Agents, MIB Network Management Station MIB Agent Network Agent MIB Agent MIB 30-3
4 SNMP Based on Simple Gateway Management Protocol (SGMP) Only Five commands Command get-request get-next-request get-response set-request trap Meaning Fetch a value Fetch the next value (in a tree) Reply to a fetch operation Store a value An event 30-4
5 Management Information Base (MIB) MIBs follow a fixed naming and structuring convention Structure of Management Information (SMI) All names are unique All nodes of the name tree are assigned numeric values by standards authorities iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib.ip.ipinreceives Tables rows are referenced by appending the index 30-5
6 All names are specified using a subset of Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1) ASN.1 specifies notation (that humans can read) and encoding (representation and ranges) Only INTEGER, OCTET STRING, OBJECT IDENTIFIER, NULL types Only SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF, CHOICE constructors 30-6
7 Global Naming Hierarchy ccitt(0) iso (1) joint-iso-ccitt (2) standard (0) iso9314 (9314) fddimib (1) org (3) dod (6) internet (1) directory (1) mgmt(2) experimental (3)private (4) system (1) interfaces (2) mib (1) fddi (8) transmission(10) fddimib (73) 30-7 fddi (15)
8 Variable Category Meaning sysuptime system Time since last reboot ifnumber interfaces # of Interfaces ifmtu interfaces MTU ipdefaultttl ip Default TTL ipinreceives ip # of datagrams received ipforwdatagrams ip # of datagrams forwarded icmpinechos icmp # of Echo requests received tcprtomin tcp Min retrans time tcpmaxconn tcp Max connections allowed 30-8
9 MIB Definition: Example ipaddrtable ::= SEQUENCE of ipaddrentry ipaddrentry ::= SEQUENCE { ipadentaddr ipaddress, ipadentifindex INTEGER, ipadentnetmask ipaddress, ipadentbcastaddr ipaddress, ipadentreasmmaxsize INTEGER ( ) } ipaddrentry { ipaddrtable 1} ipadentnetmask {ipaddrtable 3} 30-9
10 In ASN.1 Notation: SNMP Message Format SNMP-Message ::= SEQUENCE { version INTEGER {version-1 (0)}, community OCTET STRING, data ANY } 30-10
11 SNMP Message Types SNMP-PDUs ::= CHOICE{ get-request GetRequest-PDU, get-next-request GetNextRequest-PDU, get-response GetResponse-PDU, set-request SetRequest-PDU, trap Trap-PDU } 30-11
12 GetRequestPDU ::= [0] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE{ request-id RequestID, error-status ErrorStatus, error-index ErrorIndex, Message Types (Cont) variable-bindings VarBindList } 30-12
13 SNMPv2 Improved security: authentication and integrity using Data Encryption Standard (DES) inform request Multiple manager coordination get bulk Better table handling Confirmation option for Traps Reference: RFC
14 OSI Network Management Standards Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) Common Management Information Service (CMIS) CMIP is the management (application layer) protocol CMIS is the service interface to CMIP M-GET (read attribute), M-SET (write attribute), M- EVENT-REPORT (report an event), M-ACTION (perform an action), M-CREATE (create an instance), M-DELETE (delete an instance) 30-14
15 Summary Management = Initialization, Monitoring, and Control SNMP = Only 5 commands Standard MIBs defined for each object Uses ASN.1 encoding 30-15
16 Homework Read Chapter 30 and RFC 1155,
17 SNMP: References D. Comer, Computer Networks and Internets, Prentice Hall, NJ, 1997, Chapter 30. D. Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol 1, 3rd Ed, Prentice Hall, 1995, Chapter 26. U. Black, TCP/IP and Related Protocols, 2nd Ed, McGraw-Hill, Chapter 11. R. Jain, FDDI Handbook: High Speed Networking Using Fiber and Other Media, Addison-Wesley, 1994, Chapter 12. M. Rose, The Simple Book - An Introduction to TCP/IP based Internets, Prentice Hall,
18 SNMP: RFCs [RFC2064] N. Brownlee, "Traffic Flow Measurement: Meter MIB", 01/03/1997, 38 pages. [RFC2039] C. Kalbfleisch, "Applicability of Standards Track MIBs to Management of World Wide Web Servers", 11/06/1996, 14 pages. [RFC2037] K. McCloghrie, A. Bierman, "Entity MIB", 10/30/1996, 35 pages. [RFC2013] K. McCloghrie, "SNMPv2 Management Information Base for the User Datagram Protocol using SMIv2", 11/12/1996, 6 pages. (Updates RFC1213) [RFC2012] K. McCloghrie, "SNMPv2 Management Information Base for the Transmission Control Protocol", 11/12/1996, 10 pages. (Updates RFC1213) [RFC2011] K. McCloghrie, "SNMPv2 Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol using SMIv2", 11/12/1996, 18 pages. (Updates RFC1213) 30-18
19 [RFC1908] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Coexistence between Version 1 and Version 2 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework", 01/22/1996, 10 pages. [RFC1907] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Management Information Base for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 20 pages. [RFC1906] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 13 pages. [RFC1905] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 24 pages. [RFC1904] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 24 pages. [RFC1903] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 23 pages
20 [RFC1902] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 01/22/1996, 40 pages. [RFC1850] F. Baker, R. Coltun, "OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base", 11/03/1995, 80 pages. [RFC1792] T. Sung, "TCP/IPX Connection Mib Specification", 04/18/1995, 9 pages. [RFC1757] S. Waldbusser, "Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base", 02/10/1995, 91 pages. [RFC1749] K. McCloghrie, F. Baker, E. Decker, "IEEE Station Source Routing MIB using SMIv2", 12/29/1994, 10 pages. (Updates RFC1748) [RFC1748] K. McCloghrie, E. Decker, "IEEE MIB using SMIv2", 12/29/1994, 25 pages. (Updated by RFC1749) [RFC1743] K. McCloghrie, E. Decker, "IEEE MIB using SMIv2", 12/27/1994, 25 pages. [RFC1742] S. Waldbusser, K. Frisa, "AppleTalk Management Information Base II", 01/05/1995, 84 pages
21 [RFC1724] G. Malkin, F. Baker, "RIP Version 2 MIB Extension", 11/15/1994, 18 pages. [RFC1697] D. Brower, R. Purvy, A. Daniel, M. Sinykin, J. Smith, "Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Management Information Base (MIB) using SMIv2", 08/23/1994, 38 pages. [RFC1696] J. Barnes, L. Brown, R. Royston, S. Waldbusser, "Modem Management Information Base (MIB) using SMIv2", 08/25/1994, 31 pages. [RFC1695] M. Ahmed, K. Tesink, "Definitions of Managed Objects for ATM Management Version 8.0 using SMIv2", 08/25/1994, 73 pages. [RFC1628] J. Case, "UPS Management Information Base", 05/19/1994, 45 pages. [RFC1612] R. Austein, J. Saperia, "DNS Resolver MIB Extensions", 05/17/1994, 36 pages. [RFC1611] R. Austein, J. Saperia, "DNS Server MIB Extensions", 05/17/1994, 32 pages. [RFC1593] W. McKenzie, J. Cheng, "SNA APPN Node MIB", 03/10/1994, 120 pages
22 [RFC1592] B. Wijnen, G. Carpenter, K. Curran, A. Sehgal, G. Waters, "Simple Network Management Protocol Distributed Protocol Interface Version 2.0", 03/03/1994, 54 pages. [RFC1573] K. McCloghrie, F. Kastenholz, "Evolution of the Interfaces Group of MIB-II", 01/20/1994, 55 pages. [RFC1567] G. Mansfield, S. Kille, "X.500 Directory Monitoring MIB", 01/11/1994, 19 pages. [RFC1566] N. Freed, S. Kille, "Mail Monitoring MIB", 01/11/1994, 21 pages. [RFC1565] N. Freed, S. Kille, "Network Services Monitoring MIB", 01/11/1994, 18 pages. [RFC1559] J. Saperia, "DECnet Phase IV MIB Extensions", 12/27/1993, 69 pages. [RFC1514] P. Grillo, S. Waldbusser, "Host Resources MIB", 09/23/1993, 33 pages. [RFC1513] S. Waldbusser, "Token Ring Extensions to the Remote Network Monitoring MIB", 09/23/1993, 55 pages. (Updates RFC1271) 30-22
23 [RFC1512] J. Case, A. Rijsinghani, "FDDI Management Information Base", 09/10/1993, 51 pages. (Updates RFC1285) [RFC1470] R. Enger, J. Reynolds, "FYI on a Network Management Tool Catalog: Tools for Monitoring and Debugging TCP/IP Internets and Interconnected Devices", 06/25/1993, 216 pages. (FYI 2) [RFC1461] D. Throop, "SNMP MIB extension for MultiProtocol Interconnect over X.25", 05/27/1993, 30 pages. [RFC1452] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Coexistence between version 1 and version 2 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework", 05/03/1993, 17 pages. [RFC1451] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Manager to Manager Management Information Base", 05/03/1993, 36 pages. [RFC1450] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Management Information Base for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 27 pages. [RFC1449] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Transport Mappings for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 24 pages
24 [RFC1448] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Protocol Operations for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 36 pages. [RFC1447] K. McCloghrie, J. Galvin, "Party MIB for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 50 pages. [RFC1446] J. Galvin, K. McCloghrie, "Security Protocols for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 51 pages. [RFC1445] J. Davin, K. McCloghie, "Administrative Model for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 47 pages. [RFC1444] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 33 pages. [RFC1443] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 31 pages
25 [RFC1442] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", 05/03/1993, 55 pages. [RFC1441] J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, S. Waldbusser, "Introduction to version 2 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework", 05/03/1993, 13 pages. [RFC1414] M. St. Johns, M. Rose, "Ident MIB", 02/04/1993, 13 pages. [RFC1389] G. Malkin, F. Baker, "RIP Version 2 MIB Extension", 01/06/1993, 13 pages
26 [RFC1289] J. Saperia, "DECnet Phase IV MIB Extensions", 12/20/1991, 64 pages. [RFC1285] J. Case, "FDDI Management Information Base", 01/24/1992, 46 pages. (Updated by RFC1512) [RFC1271] S. Waldbusser, "Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base", 11/12/1991, 81 pages. (Updated by RFC1513) [RFC1253] F. Baker, R. Coltun, "OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base", 08/30/1991, 42 pages. [RFC1252] F. Baker, R. Coltun, "OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base", 08/21/1991, 42 pages. [RFC1248] F. Baker, R. Coltun, "OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base", 08/08/1991, 42 pages. (Updated by RFC1349) [RFC1243] S. Waldbusser, "AppleTalk Management Information Base", 07/08/1991, 29 pages. [RFC1239] J. Reynolds, "Reassignment of Experimental MIBs to Standard MIBs", 06/25/1991, 2 pages. (Updates RFC1233) 30-26
27 [RFC1238] S. Satz, "CLNS MIB - for use with Connectionless Network Protocol (ISO 8473) and End System to Intermediate System (ISO 9542)", 06/25/1991, 32 pages. [RFC1231] E. Decker, R. Fox, K. McCloghrie, "IEEE Token Ring MIB", 02/11/1993, 23 pages. [RFC1230] R. Fox, K. McCloghrie, "IEEE Token Bus MIB", 05/23/1991, 23 pages. [RFC1229] K. McCloghrie, "Extensions to the Generic-Interface MIB", 08/03/1992, 16 pages. [RFC1228] G. Carpenter, B. Wijnen, "SNMP-DPI - Simple Network Management Protocol Distributed Program Interface", 05/23/1991, 50 pages. [RFC1227] M. Rose, "SNMP MUX Protocol and MIB", 05/23/1991, 13 pages. [RFC1189] L. Besaw, B. Handspicker, L. LaBarre, U. Warrier, "The Common Management Information Services and Protocols for the Internet", 10/26/1990, 15 pages
28 [RFC1158] M. Rose, "Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets: MIB-II", 05/23/1990, 133 pages. [RFC1157] M. Schoffstall, M. Fedor, J. Davin, J. Case, "A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", 05/10/1990, 36 pages. (Updates RFC1098) (STD 15) [RFC1156] K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, "Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets", 05/10/1990, 91 pages. (Updates RFC1066) [RFC1155] K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, "Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets", 05/10/1990, 22 pages. (Updates RFC1065) (STD 17) [RFC1147] R. Stine, "FYI on a Network Management Tool Catalog: Tools for Monitoring and Debugging TCP/IP Internets and Interconnected Devices", 04/04/1990, 126 pages. (FYI 2) [RFC1109] V. Cerf, "Report of the second Ad Hoc Network Management Review Group", 08/01/1989, 8 pages. [RFC1098] J. Case, C. Davin, M. Fedor, "Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP", 04/01/1989, 34 pages. (Updated by RFC1157) 30-28
29 [RFC1095] U. Warrier, L. Besaw, "Common Management Information Services and Protocol over TCP/IP CMOT", 04/01/1989, 67 pages. [RFC1067] J. Case, M. Fedor, M. Schoffstall, J. Davin, "Simple Network Management Protocol", 08/01/1988, 33 pages. [RFC1066] K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, "Management Information Base for network management of TCP/IP-based internets", 08/01/1988, 90 pages. (Updated by RFC1156) [RFC1065] K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, "Structure and identification of management information for TCP/IP-based internets", 08/01/1988, 21 pages. (Updated by RFC1155) [RFC1052] V. Cerf, "IAB recommendations for the development of Internet network management standards", 04/01/1988, 14 pages. [RFC1022] C. Partridge, G. Trewitt, "High-level Entity Management Protocol HEMP", 10/01/1987, 12 pages. [RFC1021] C. Partridge, G. Trewitt, "High-level Entity Management System HEMS", 10/01/1987, 5 pages
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