ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ROUTING ALGORITHM BASED ON SUCCESSIVE LINK FAILURES BY EMPLOYING DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS

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1 ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ROUTING ALGORITHM BASED ON SUCCESSIVE LINK FAILURES BY EMPLOYING DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS Shivali Narang Research Scholar, ECE, DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab, India Dr Neeru Malhotra Associate Professor & Head, ECE, DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab, India 1. Introduction The major cause for the degradation of the service performance in internet is network congestion, link servers before a response message is sent back. We refer to such applications as multi-tier. The standard applications in OPNET include Database, , failures, and routing instabilities [1]. It has been found FTP, HTTP, Print, Remote Login, Video that most of the disruptions occur during routing changes. A few hundred milliseconds of disruption are enough to cause a disturbance in voice and video. A disruption lasting a few seconds is long enough for interrupting web transactions [2]. Hence, during routing convergence data packets are dropped, delayed, and received out-of-order at the destination resulting thus in a serious degradation in the network performance [1]. The performance of each routing protocol is different from each other. Among all routing protocols, we have chosen RIP, OSPF and EIGRP routing protocols for Conferencing and Voice. 3. Technical Overview of Routing Protocols The main idea for routing protocols is to establish the best path from the source to the destination. Routing protocols have the following objectives: i) To communicate between routers ii) To construct routing tables iii) To make routing decisions iv) To learn existing routes v) To share information amongst neighbor s routers. 3.1 Classification of Routing Protocols The classifications of routing protocols are: doing performance evaluation in a simulation based i) Static and dynamic routing protocols. network model for real time application such as voice ii) Distance Vector and Link State routing protocols. conferencing. 2. Description of Standard Applications All standard applications model two-tier, requestresponse layer protocols where a client node issues a request to a server and that server sends a direct response to the client. Custom applications allow modeling applications with more than two tiers, where a client request can be forwarded through multiple 3.2 Static Routing Static routing assumes that the network is fixed and no more nodes are added or removed from the system. Routing tables are manually updated and is mainly used for small networks. 3.3 Dynamic or Adaptive Routing In this paper we will only consider Dynamic Routing Protocols. Within the class of dynamic protocols we 321

2 OBJECT NAME TELNET Server Server OBJECT MODEL Ethernet_server node object Web Server The Internet ip32_cloud node object MainSiteRouter Ethernet4_slip8_gtwy node RnDSiteRouter object MainSite 100baseT_LAN node RnDSite object MainSite <-> 100baseT link object MainSiteRouter RnDSite <-> RnDSiteRouter MainSiteRouter <-> The PPP_DS1_int link object Internet have Interior or Exterior Gateway protocols namedegp and IGP. Figure.1 Hierarchy of Dynamic Routing Protocols 4. SYSTEM DESIGN To create a simulation model and examine the performance of the applications deployed in the network, a scenario is created in which there is an RnD Site and Main Site employees who primarily use , web browsing, web searching, remote login, voice and video conferencing to perform their daily tasks and duties. The system is designed using Riverbed Modeler Academic Edition Figure.2 Ethernet Model The applications are added to a Profile which is assigned to each working station of the entire network. Table.1 Summary of Network Topology 5. SIMULATION RESULTS The model discussed is simulated for 20 minutes and Graphs are obtained resulted from two different simulations. First scenario is the Analysis of different routing protocols without Link Failure whereas the second scenario contained same routing protocols along with Link Failure for 180 seconds. When a link fails, it is important that the dynamic routing protocol recognizes that failure, and converges upon a new topology to allow for the network segment to still be online. Simulation for Link Failure and Recovery Status Time (secs) Fail 600 Recover 780 Figure 3 shows the Download Response Time for RIP protocol is less time as compare to other two protocols in Scenario I whereas OSPF is showing the better performance in Link failure Scenario II. RIP protocol shows the poor performance since it takes time for convergence and hoping of hosts between the networks. 322

3 Figure.3 Scenario I Download Response Figure.5 Scenario I HTTP Page Download Response Figure.4 Scenario II Download Response Download Without Failure With Response Time Failure (seconds) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.2 Simulation Results for Download The RIP protocol is better over the EIGRP and OSPF protocol for the HTTP Page response application of the network in Scenario I shown in Figure 5. Whereas RIP protocol shows poor performance and take more time for HTTP Page response in Successive link failure scenario. Figure.6 Scenario II HTTP Page Download Response HTTP Page Without Failure With Failure Response Time (seconds) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.3 Simulation Results for HTTP From Figure 7 and 8, the network convergence time taken by the router in EIGRP protocol is the least as compare to other two protocols. RIP has the maximum convergence time since; it counts the number of hops and takes large time for the convergence. Concluded 323

4 EIGRP performs better in the convergence of the network. protocol shows better performance in Link Flapping Scenario II shown in Figure 10. Figure.7 Scenario I Network Convergence Figure.8 Scenario II Network Convergence Figure.9 Scenario I Voice Jitter Network Without Failure With Failure Convergence Duration (sec) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.4 Simulation Results for Network Convergence Voice Jitter application is introduced in the real time data by the delay between packets. At the ending sending sides, packets are sent in a continuous stream with the packets spaced evenly apart. In Figure 9, RIP shows the peak Jitter in Scenario I whereas EIGRP Figure.10 Scenario II Voice Jitter 324

5 Remote Login Without With Response Time Failure Failure (sec) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.5 Simulation Results for Voice Jitter In Figure 11, it is found that Remote Login Response for RIP is best in without link failure scenario I. The Remote Login application models a virtual terminal service, which is also known as Terminal Network or TELNET. For Link Flapping Scenario II EIGRP protocol shows best performance as compare to other two protocols as shown in Figure12. Network Without Failure With Failure Convergence Duration (sec) EIGRP E-09 OSPF E E-10 RIP E E-08 Table.6 Simulation Results for Remote Login Response The throughput is the key parameter to determine the rate at which total data packets are successively delivered and received through the channel in the network. In Figure 13, RIP is showing better performance or throughput followed by OSPF and EIGRP protocols. We can say throughput of a node depends on the network topology and the load/traffic given to the network. Figure.13 Scenario I Throughput Figure.11 Scenario I Remote Login Response Figure.14 Scenario II Throughput In Figure14, OSPF shows best performance followed by RIP and EIGRP protocol for successive link flapping Scenario II. Figure.12 Scenario II Remote Login Response Throughput Without Failure With Failure (bits/sec) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.7 Simulation Results for Throughput 325

6 The link utilization in EIGRP protocol is less and thus the end-to-end Queuing delay for EIGRP is less as compare to RIP and OSPF protocols for both the scenarios shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16. sequence of data frames with frame size being a configurable parameter. By default the Video Conferencing runs over the UDP transport protocol to avoid connection management and other delays associated with TCP protocols. Figure.17 Scenario I Video Conferencing Figure.15 Scenario I Queuing Delay Figure.16 Scenario II Queuing Delay Queuing Without Failure With Failure Delay (sec) EIGRP E E-06 OSPF E E-05 RIP E E-05 Table.8 Simulation Results for Queuing Delay The Video Conferencing application models transmission of video traffic between two nodes in the network. OPNET represents video traffic as a Figure.18 Scenario II Video Conferencing In Figure 17 and Figure 18, OSPF protocol has taken less End-to-End delay time for both the scenarios hence is best suitable for Video Conferencing application. 326

7 Video Conferencing Without With Failure Packet End-to-End Failure Delay (sec) EIGRP OSPF RIP Table.9 Simulation Results for Video Conferencing 6. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK In this paper, we have used a bottom-up-top design approach where we concluded each protocol behaves differently for every application and its performance varies as the successive/link failure is applied. In the future, we should do some security analysis for RIP, OSPF and EIGRP. In addition, we can implement different topologies in terms of the number of hosts, routers and links, distance and topology type. 7. REFERENCES [1] Thorenoor, S.G. Dynamic Routing Protocol Implementation Decision between EIGRP, OSPF and RIP Based on Technical Background Using OPNET Modeler (Wipro, Bangalore, India) Source: Proceedings of the 2010 Second International Conference on Computer and Network Technology (ICCNT 2010), p191-5, Renata Teixeira, Jennifer Rexford, Managing Routing Disruptions in Internet Service Provider Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, March [2] Catherine B., Gianluca I.,& Christophe D., Impact of link failures on VoIP performance, In Proceedings of NOSSDAV Workshop, ACM press, Florida, USA, pages 63-71, May [3] Mohamad A. Yehia, Mohammed S. Aziz, Hussein A. Elsayed, Analysis of IGP Routing Protocols for Real Time Applications: A Comparative Study, Volume 26 No.3, July [4] [5]aetos.it.teithe.gr/~ziochr/network_lab/configuring_ applications.pdf [6]Opnet Technologies, Inc. Opnet Simulator, Internet: date last viewed: [7] V. S. Forst and B. Melamed, Traffic Modelling for Telecommunications Networks, Communication Magazine, March 1994, Vol. 32, Issue 3. [8] Vikram Dham, Link Establishment in Ad Hoc Networks Using Smart Antennas, Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Alexandria, Virginia and January 15, [9] Harry Perros, Computer Simulation Techniques: The definitive introduction! f, [10] Dong Xu, Analysis of OSPF, EIGRP and RIP protocols for real time applications. SFU proceedings Spring 2011 [11] Islam, Mohammad Nazrul, and Md Ahsan Ullah Ashique, Simulation-Based Comparative Study of EIGRP and OSPF for Real-Time Applications., Diss. Master Thesis Electrical Engineering, Blekinge Tekniska Hogskolan, Thesis no: MEE 10: 53, [12] M. Nawaz Lakhmir, Ayaz Ahmed Qureshi, M. Ibrahim Channa, Fareed Ahmed Jokhio, and Shahzaman Nizamani, Performance Evaluation of Link State Routing Protocol in an Enterprise Network, Bahria University Journal of Information & Communication Technologies Vol. 8, Issue 1, April [13] [14] RajanVohra, R.S.Sawhney, Manju Sharma, Analysis of Statistics HTTP and DATABASE for 327

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