Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa. Internet Protocol (IP) Lecture 2: Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
|
|
- Colin Summers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 2: Internet Protocol (IP) Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
2 Network Layer Provides the upper layers with independence from the data transmission and physical networking technologies. Responsible for sending data from source to destination. This includes the nodes in between (and therefore it is not end-to-end) Responsible for requesting network facilities, such as priority, bit-rate, etc Responsible for routing. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
3 Internetworking Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
4 Routing Autonomous System (AS): set of networks and routers operated by a single organization. Interior Router Protocol (IRP): passing routing information within and AS. Exterior Router Protocol (ERP): passing routing information between different ASs. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
5 Routing Approaches Distance Vector Routing: each node exchanges information with its neighboring nodes; e.g. Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Link-state Routing: sends link costs of each of its network interfaces to all routers (not just neighboring). Typically used with a Dijksterabased algorithm; e.g., Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). Path-vector Routing: router provides information about which networks can be reached by a given router and the ASs that must be crossed; e.g. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
6 TCP/IP Protocol Suite vs. OSI Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
7 OSI Pros and Cons Bad timing (too much detailed concept before actual applications) Similar to ITU-T standards, it tries to design the perfect world, which is either extremely difficult or not possible. Keep in mind: technology and human understanding of how things work (or should work) changes. Bad implementations/technology (mostly difficult to implement) Bad politics Advantages? Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
8 TCP/IP Pros and Cons Service, interface, and protocol not distinguished. Not a general model. Host-to-network layer not really a layer. Advantages: The Internet and its architecture have grown in evolutionary fashion from modest beginnings, rather than from a Grand Plan. Others? Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler. Albert Einstein Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
9 Internet Architecture In a TCP/IP internet, IP routers provide interconnection among physical networks. Computers/equipment that interconnect two or more networks and pass packets from one to the other are called internet router. user s view the inside Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
10 Internet Protocol (IP) The most-widely used Internetworking protocol. Purpose: to connect all networks together; hence and internetworking protocol. IPv4 the most commonly used version (covered in this course). Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
11 Internetworking Requirements Design requirements: accommodate differences in constituting networks: 1. Different addressing schemes 2. Different maximum packet size 3. Different network access mechanism 4. Different timeouts 5. Different transmission modes (connection-oriented, connectionless) 6. Error control 7. Flow control Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
12 IP Header Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
13 1. Different Addressing Scheme Introduce IP address as a global address All hosts on the Internet must have a unique IP address Exception: techniques such as IP-forwarding allow private IP addresses that might be duplicated somewhere else. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
14 IP Address Classes Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
15 Address Range Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
16 IP Addresses - Class A 32 bit global internet address Network part and host part Class A Start with binary 0 All 0 reserved (0.x.x.x) (127) reserved for loopback (127.x.x.x) Range 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x All allocated! Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
17 IP Addresses - Class B Start 10 Range 128.x.x.x to 191.x.x.x Second Octet also included in network address 2 14 = 16,384 class B addresses (network part) All allocated! Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
18 IP Addresses - Class C Start 110 Range 192.x.x.x to 223.x.x.x Second and third octet also part of network address 2 21 = 2,097,152 addresses (network part) Only 2 8 = 256 hosts per network! Nearly all allocated Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
19 Example of IP addresses Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
20 Subnets and Subnet Masks Allow arbitrary complexity of internetworked LANs within organization. Insulate overall internet from growth of network numbers and routing complexity. To rest of internet, site looks like single network. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
21 Subnets and Subnet Masks Each LAN is assigned subnet number. Host portion of address partitioned further into subnet number and host number. Local routers route within subnetted network. Subnet mask indicates which bits are subnet number and which are host number by doing a bitwise AND. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
22 Routing Using Subnets Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
23 2. Different Maximum Size Problem: different networks have different Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) sizes. What if a packet reaches a network and it exceeds the network s MTU? Solution: Use fragmentation to split large packets into smaller ones. Use reassembly at the destination only to put the fragments together and build the original packet. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
24 IP Fragmentation IP re-assembles at destination only! Uses fields in header Data Unit Identifier (ID) Identifies end system originated datagram Source and destination address Protocol layer generating data (e.g. TCP) Identification supplied by that layer Data length Length of user data in octets Offset Position of fragment of user data in original datagram In multiples of 64 bits (8 octets) More flag Indicates that this is not the last fragment Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
25 Fragmentation Example Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
26 Dealing with Failure Re-assembly may fail if some fragments get lost Re-assembly time out Assigned to first fragment to arrive If timeout expires before all fragments arrive, discard partial data Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
27 3. Different Network Access Solved by abstracting networking functions in the Networking layer, and relying on Data Link Layer for networking access. Routers handle the difference in network access mechanism. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
28 IP Router Operation Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
29 Address Mapping Sometimes, in order to reach a destination, there is no need to go trough an IP router. E.g.? In that case, the physical address can be used directly. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
30 ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
31 Reverse ARP Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
32 4. Different Timeout Problem: different networks use different timeout mechanisms. Solution: Introduce the concept of Datagram Lifetime. Datagrams could loop indefinitely Consumes resources Transport protocol may need upper bound on datagram life Datagram marked with lifetime Time To Live (TTL) field in IP Once lifetime expires, datagram discarded (not forwarded) Hop count Decrement time to live on passing through each router Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
33 5. Different Transmission Modes Use a connectionless architecture Advantages Flexibility Robust No unnecessary overhead Disadvantages Not guaranteed delivery Not guaranteed order of delivery Reliability is responsibility of upper layers (e.g. TCP) Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
34 6. Error Control Minimal error control, done only for the header Router should attempt to inform source if packet discarded (using ICMP) e.g. for time to live expiring Not guaranteed delivery May inform high layer protocol Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
35 7. Flow Control Allows routers and/or stations to limit rate of incoming data Limited in connectionless systems Send flow control packets Requesting reduced flow e.g. ICMP Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
36 IP Header Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
37 Header Fields Version (4 bits): currently 4 Internet Header Length (4 bits) Minimum is 5, for 20 octets Header may include options and padding Type of Service (8 bits) rarely used, for differentiated services and congestion notification Total Length (16 bits) of datagram, in octets (header & data) Identification (16 bits) Sequence number Used with addresses and user protocol to identify datagram uniquely Flags (3 bits) Only 2 used; More bit, and Don t Fragment bit Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
38 Header Fields ( ) Fragmentation offset ( 13 bits) Time to Live (8 bits) Protocol (8 bits) Next higher layer to receive data field at destination Header Checksum (16 bits) Re-verified and recomputed at each router 16 bit ones complement sum of all 16 bit words in header Source Address (32 bits) Destination Address (32 bits) Options (Security, timestamp, ) Padding, to fill to multiple of 32 bits long Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
39 Data Field Carries upper-layer data. Integer multiple of 8 bits long (octet). Max length of datagram (header plus data) is 65,535 octets. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
40 Internet Control Message Protocol Defined in RFC 792. Used for sending control messages between entities: end-hosts interim nodes No data is sent, only control messages (similar to signaling in POTS). Sent directly on top of IP. Has over 40 different messages Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
41 Common ICMP Messages Full list Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
42 ICMP example: ping ping is a utility to check whether a given node is alive or not, and what the distance to it is. Named after the sound that a sonar makes. Uses timed ECHO_REQUEST and ECHO_REPLY packets to probe the "distance" to the target machine. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
43 ICMP example: tracert tracert is a utility to trace the route between two nodes on the network. You can think of it as a set of ping commands, each with TTL set to 1 hop larger than the previous one. Starts by sending an ICMP Echo request message with destination s IP address with TTL set to 1. The first node receiving the packet decrements the TTL and discards the message, sending an ICMP "TTL exceeded message to the sender. Receipt of this message allows the sender to identify which system is one link away. The sender repeats the above with TTL=2, 3, and so on, until it reaches the target destination. This gives a topological view of the network route from the sender to the destination. Things to consider: Where alternate paths are possible, results may vary. Some Routers are configured to discard ICMP messages, while others process them but do not answer. Such routers hide the path of the network. Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG
Internetwork Protocols
Internetwork Protocols Background to IP IP, and related protocols Internetworking Terms (1) Communications Network Facility that provides data transfer service An internet Collection of communications
More informationIntroduction to Internetworking
Introduction to Internetworking Introductory terms Communications Network Facility that provides data transfer services An internet Collection of communications networks interconnected by bridges and/or
More informationInternet Protocols (chapter 18)
Internet Protocols (chapter 18) CSE 3213 Fall 2011 Internetworking Terms 1 TCP/IP Concepts Connectionless Operation Internetworking involves connectionless operation at the level of the Internet Protocol
More informationInternetworking Terms. Internet Structure. Internet Structure. Chapter 15&16 Internetworking. Internetwork Structure & Terms
Chapter 15&16 Internetworking Internetwork Structure & Terms Internetworking Architecture Features Connection/Connectionless Architecture Fragmentation & Reassembly Internet Protocol & Services Addressing
More informationET4254 Communications and Networking 1
Topic 9 Internet Protocols Aims:- basic protocol functions internetworking principles connectionless internetworking IP IPv6 IPSec 1 Protocol Functions have a small set of functions that form basis of
More informationUnit 5: Internet Protocols skong@itt-tech.edutech.edu Internet Protocols She occupied herself with studying a map on the opposite wall because she knew she would have to change trains at some point. Tottenham
More informationSEN366 (SEN374) (Introduction to) Computer Networks
SEN366 (SEN374) (Introduction to) Computer Networks Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK (12 th Week) The Internet Protocol 12.Outline Principles of Internetworking Internet Protocol Operation Internet Protocol
More informationIP - The Internet Protocol. Based on the slides of Dr. Jorg Liebeherr, University of Virginia
IP - The Internet Protocol Based on the slides of Dr. Jorg Liebeherr, University of Virginia Orientation IP (Internet Protocol) is a Network Layer Protocol. IP: The waist of the hourglass IP is the waist
More informationThe Internet. The Internet is an interconnected collection of netw orks.
The Internet The Internet is an interconnected collection of netw orks. Internetw orking-1 Internetworking! Communications Network: A facility that provides a data transfer service among stations attached
More informationOn Distributed Communications, Rand Report RM-3420-PR, Paul Baran, August 1964
The requirements for a future all-digital-data distributed network which provides common user service for a wide range of users having different requirements is considered. The use of a standard format
More informationRef: A. Leon Garcia and I. Widjaja, Communication Networks, 2 nd Ed. McGraw Hill, 2006 Latest update of this lecture was on
IP Version 4 (IPv4) Header (Continued) Identification (16 bits): One of the parameters of any network is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) parameter. This parameter specifies the maximum size of the
More informationIntroduction to routing in the Internet
Introduction to routing in the Internet Internet architecture IPv4, ICMP, ARP Addressing, routing principles (Chapters 2 3 in Huitema) Internet-1 Internet Architecture Principles End-to-end principle by
More informationIntroduction to routing in the Internet
Introduction to routing in the Internet Internet architecture IPv4, ICMP, ARP Addressing, routing principles (Chapters 2 3 in Huitema) Internet-1 Internet Architecture Principles End-to-end principle by
More informationCHAPTER-2 IP CONCEPTS
CHAPTER-2 IP CONCEPTS Page: 1 IP Concepts IP is a very important protocol in modern internetworking; you can't really comprehend modern networking without a good understanding of IP. Unfortunately, IP
More informationSEMESTER 1 Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer V What services does the network layer provide?
SEMESTER 1 Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer V 4.0 5.1.1.1 What services does the network layer provide? What are the 4 basic processes used at the network layer? What is the PDU of the network layer? What information
More informationChapter 09 Network Protocols
Chapter 09 Network Protocols Copyright 2011, Dr. Dharma P. Agrawal and Dr. Qing-An Zeng. All rights reserved. 1 Outline Protocol: Set of defined rules to allow communication between entities Open Systems
More informationThe Internet Protocol (IP)
The Internet Protocol (IP) The Blood of the Internet (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 "Information Superhighway is really an acronym for 'Interactive Network For Organizing, Retrieving, Manipulating, Accessing
More informationNetwork Layer. The Network Layer. Contents Connection-Oriented and Connectionless Service. Recall:
Network Layer The Network Layer Recall: The network layer is responsible for the routing of packets The network layer is responsible for congestion control 1 2 Contents 4.1.1 Connection-Oriented and Connectionless
More informationNetwork Layer. Recall: The network layer is responsible for the routing of packets The network layer is responsible for congestion control
The Network Layer 1 Network Layer Recall: The network layer is responsible for the routing of packets The network layer is responsible for congestion control 2 Contents Connection-Oriented (virtual circuit)
More informationChapter 2 - Part 1. The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet
Chapter 2 - Part 1 The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet Protocols A protocol is a language or set of rules that two or more computers use to communicate 2 Protocol Analogy: Phone Call Parties
More informationVorlesung Kommunikationsnetze
Picture 15 13 Vorlesung Kommunikationsnetze Prof. Dr. H. P. Großmann mit B. Wiegel sowie A. Schmeiser und M. Rabel Sommersemester 2009 Institut für Organisation und Management von Informationssystemen
More informationEEC-484/584 Computer Networks
EEC-484/584 Computer Networks Lecture 13 wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Outline 2 Review of lecture 12 Routing Congestion
More information(ICMP), RFC
Internet et Control o Message Protocol (ICMP), RFC 792 http://icourse.cuc.edu.cn/networkprogramming/ linwei@cuc.edu.cn Nov. 2009 Overview The IP (Internet Protocol) relies on several other protocols to
More informationTCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu
TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu OSI Model and TCP/IP Model Comparison TCP / IP Protocols (Application Layer) The TCP/IP subprotocols listed in this layer are services that support a number of network functions:
More informationCh.7 Internet Protocol: Connectionless Datagram Delivery (IPv4, IPv6)
CSC521 Communication Protocols 網路通訊協定 Ch.7 Internet Protocol: Connectionless Datagram Delivery (IPv4, IPv6) 吳俊興國立高雄大學資訊工程學系 Internetworking With TCP/IP, Vol I: Sixth Edition, Douglas E. Comer Outline 1
More informationThe Internet. 9.1 Introduction. The Internet is a global network that supports a variety of interpersonal and interactive multimedia applications.
The Internet 9.1 Introduction The Internet is a global network that supports a variety of interpersonal and interactive multimedia applications. Associated with each access network - ISP network, intranet,
More informationCS519: Computer Networks. Lecture 2: Feb 2, 2004 IP (Internet Protocol)
: Computer Networks Lecture 2: Feb 2, 2004 IP (Internet Protocol) A hypothetical service You want a mail delivery service You have two choices: Acme Guaranteed Mail Delivery Service We never fail Rocko
More informationECE4110 Internetwork Programming. Introduction and Overview
ECE4110 Internetwork Programming Introduction and Overview 1 EXAMPLE GENERAL NETWORK ALGORITHM Listen to wire Are signals detected Detect a preamble Yes Read Destination Address No data carrying or noise?
More informationThe Interconnection Structure of. The Internet. EECC694 - Shaaban
The Internet Evolved from the ARPANET (the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), a project funded by The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) in 1969. ARPANET's purpose was to provide the U.S. Defense
More informationInternet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) 1 Overview The IP (Internet Protocol) relies on several other protocols to perform necessary control and routing functions: Control functions (ICMP) Multicast signaling
More informationInternet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), RFC 792. Prof. Lin Weiguo Copyleft 2009~2017, School of Computing, CUC
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), RFC 79 Prof Lin Weiguo Copyleft 009~07, School of Computing, CUC Oct 07 Overview } The IP (Internet Protocol) relies on several other protocols to perform necessary
More informationPosition of IP and other network-layer protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite
Position of IP and other network-layer protocols in TCP/IP protocol suite IPv4 is an unreliable datagram protocol a best-effort delivery service. The term best-effort means that IPv4 packets can be corrupted,
More informationIP Protocols. ALTTC/Oct
IP Protocols Internet or IP technology over the years has emerged as the most prominent data communication technology. TCP/IP protocol has become de-facto data comm standard throughout the world. It can
More informationConcept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space that is provided.
223 Chapter 19 Inter mediate TCP The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols was developed as part of the research that the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
More information(Chapters 2 3 in Huitema) E7310/Internet basics/comnet 1
Introduction to routing in the Internet Ethernet, switching vs. routing Internet architecture IPv4 Addressing Routing principles Protocols: IPv4, ICMP, ARP (Chapters 2 3 in Huitema) E7310/Internet basics/comnet
More informationOSI Network Layer. Chapter 5
OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most common Network
More informationChapter 12 Network Protocols
Chapter 12 Network Protocols 1 Outline Protocol: Set of defined rules to allow communication between entities Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Transmission Control Protocol/Internetworking Protocol (TCP/IP)
More informationData Communication Prof. A. Pal Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture 34 TCP/ IP I
Data Communication Prof. A. Pal Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture 34 TCP/ IP I Hello and welcome to today s lecture on TCP/IP. (Refer Slide
More informationCSE/EE 461 The Network Layer. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical
CSE/EE 461 The Network Layer Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical This Lecture Focus: What to do when one wire isn t big enough? Point to point link Broadcast link (Ethernet
More informationRouter Architecture Overview
Chapter 4: r Introduction (forwarding and routing) r Review of queueing theory r Router design and operation r IP: Internet Protocol m IPv4 (datagram format, addressing, ICMP, NAT) m Ipv6 r Generalized
More informationLecture 8. Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1
Lecture 8 Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Agenda The Network Layer (cont d) What is inside a router Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 fragmentation and addressing IP Address Classes and Subnets Network
More informationCS 356: Computer Network Architectures. Lecture 10: IP Fragmentation, ARP, and ICMP. Xiaowei Yang
CS 356: Computer Network Architectures Lecture 10: IP Fragmentation, ARP, and ICMP Xiaowei Yang xwy@cs.duke.edu Overview Homework 2-dimension parity IP fragmentation ARP ICMP Fragmentation and Reassembly
More informationETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols Network Layer Protocols
ETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols Network Layer Protocols 2016 Jens Andersson Agenda Internetworking IPv4/IPv6 Framentation/Reassembly ICMPv4/ICMPv6 IPv4 to IPv6 transition VPN/Ipsec NAT (Network Address
More informationLecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.
Lecture 17 Overview Last Lecture Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.2 Next Lecture Internet Protocol (2) Source: chapters 19.1, 19.2, 22,1
More informationLecture 3. The Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1
Lecture 3 The Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Agenda The Network Layer (cont d) What is inside a router? Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 fragmentation and addressing IP Address Classes and Subnets
More informationNetwork layer: Overview. Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing
Network layer: Overview Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing 1 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every
More informationInternet Protocol. Outline Introduction to Internet Protocol Header and address formats ICMP Tools CS 640 1
Internet Protocol Outline Introduction to Internet Protocol Header and address formats ICMP Tools CS 640 1 Internet Protocol Runs on all hosts in the Internet and enables packets to be routed between systems
More informationINTERNET SYSTEM. Internet Protocol. Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science. CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering. Large Scale Networking
CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science LECT-6 SYSTEM 1 2 Large Scale Networking No Single Technology can Adequately Serve Every One s Need. Each LAN/ WAN has specific
More informationEEC-684/584 Computer Networks
EEC-684/584 Computer Networks Lecture 14 wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Outline 2 Review of last lecture Internetworking
More informationICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
Today s Lecture ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Internet Protocols CSC / C 573 I. ICMP Overview II. ICMP rror Reporting III. ICMP Query / Response Messages IV. ICMP Message Processing Fall, 2005
More informationNetwork layer: Overview. Network Layer Functions
Network layer: Overview Network layer functions IP Routing and forwarding NAT ARP IPv6 Routing 1 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every
More informationThe Internetworking Problem. Internetworking. A Translation-based Solution
Cloud Cloud Cloud 1 The Internetworking Problem Internetworking Two nodes communicating across a network of networks How to transport packets through this heterogeneous mass? A B The Internetworking Problem
More informationData & Computer Communication
Basic Networking Concepts A network is a system of computers and other devices (such as printers and modems) that are connected in such a way that they can exchange data. A bridge is a device that connects
More informationLecture 4 The Network Layer. Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it
Lecture 4 The Network Layer Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it Network layer functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every
More informationChapter 5 OSI Network Layer
Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer The protocols of the OSI model Network layer specify addressing and processes that enable Transport layer data to be packaged and transported. The Network layer encapsulation
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer
Chapter 4: Introduction (forwarding and routing) Review of queueing theory Routing algorithms Link state, Distance Vector Router design and operation IP: Internet Protocol IPv4 (datagram format, addressing,
More informationTopics for This Week
Topics for This Week Routing Protocols in the Internet OSPF, BGP More on IP Fragmentation and Reassembly ICMP Readings Sections 5.6.4-5.6.5 1 Hierarchical Routing aggregate routers into regions, autonomous
More informationIP : Internet Protocol
1/20 IP : Internet Protocol Surasak Sanguanpong nguan@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~nguan Last updated: July 30, 1999 Agenda 2/20 IP functions IP header format Routing architecture IP layer 3/20 defines
More informationTCP/IP Protocol Suite
TCP/IP Protocol Suite Computer Networks Lecture 5 http://goo.gl/pze5o8 TCP/IP Network protocols used in the Internet also used in today's intranets TCP layer 4 protocol Together with UDP IP - layer 3 protocol
More informationInternetworking Part 2
CMPE 344 Computer Networks Spring 2012 Internetworking Part 2 Reading: Peterson and Davie, 3.2, 4.1 19/04/2012 1 Aim and Problems Aim: Build networks connecting millions of users around the globe spanning
More informationLecture 3: The Transport Layer: UDP and TCP
Lecture 3: The Transport Layer: UDP and TCP Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG 4395 3-1 The Transport Layer Provides efficient and robust end-to-end
More informationOSI Network Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 5. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most
More informationThis Lecture. BUS Computer Facilities Network Management. Internetworking. Internetworking
his Lecture BUS3150 - Computer Facilities Network Management Principles of internetworking. Protocol Version 4 (v4). v4 Address structure including subnetworking. Faculty of nformation echnology Monash
More informationExercise Sheet 4. Exercise 1 (Routers, Layer-3-Switches, Gateways)
Exercise Sheet 4 Exercise 1 (Routers, Layer-3-Switches, Gateways) 1. What is the purpose of Routers in computer networks? (Also explain the difference to Layer-3-Switches.) 2. What is the purpose of Layer-3-Switches
More informationTSIN02 - Internetworking
Lecture 2: Internet Protocol Literature: Forouzan: ch (4-6), 7-9 and ch 31 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet Lecture 2: IP Goals: Understand the benefits Understand the architecture IPv4
More informationRMIT University. Data Communication and Net-Centric Computing COSC 1111/2061. Lecture 2. Internetworking IPv4, IPv6
RMIT University Data Communication and Net-Centric Computing COSC 1111/2061 Internetworking IPv4, IPv6 Technology Slide 1 Lecture Overview During this lecture, we will understand The principles of Internetworking
More informationELEC / COMP 177 Fall Some slides from Kurose and Ross, Computer Networking, 5 th Edition
ELEC / COMP 177 Fall 2011 Some slides from Kurose and Ross, Computer Networking, 5 th Edition Topics This week: Network layer (IP, ARP, ICMP) Next week: More network layer (Routers and routing protocols)
More informationII. Principles of Computer Communications Network and Transport Layer
II. Principles of Computer Communications Network and Transport Layer A. Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 Header An IP datagram consists of a header part and a text part. The header has a 20-byte fixed part
More informationAdministrivia CSC458 Lecture 4 Bridging LANs and IP. Last Time. This Time -- Switching (a.k.a. Bridging)
Administrivia CSC458 Lecture 4 Bridging LANs and IP Homework: # 1 due today # 2 out today and due in two weeks Readings: Chapters 3 and 4 Project: # 2 due next week Tutorial today: Joe Lim on project 2
More informationPART X. Internetworking Part 1. (Concept, IP Addressing, IP Routing, IP Datagrams, Address Resolution)
PART X Internetworking Part 1 (Concept, IP Addressing, IP Routing, IP Datagrams, Address Resolution) CS422 Part 10 1 Spring 1999 Motivation For Internetworking LANs Low cost Limited distance WANs High
More informationChapter 7 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) Kyung Hee University
Chapter 7 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) 1 7.1 Introduction The transmission mechanism used by the TCP/IP Unreliable and connectionless datagram protocol Best-effort delivery service IP packets can
More informationICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
ABSTRACT : ICMP stands for internet control message protocol it is a vital protocol of network layer among the seven layers of OSI(open system interconnection). Here we deal with the several situations
More informationCS/ECE 4457 FALL Name: Computing ID: WARM UP. Question 1: What type of transmission mode is depicted in the photo below:
CS/ECE 4457 FALL 2018 Name: Computing ID: WARM UP Question 1: What type of transmission mode is depicted in the photo below: 1) Simplex 2) Full Duplex 3) Half Duplex 4) None of the above LINK LAYER Error
More informationTelecom Systems Chae Y. Lee. Contents. Overview. Issues. Addressing ARP. Adapting Datagram Size Notes
Internetworking Contents Overview Functions Issues Basic Delivery Unit Addressing Datagram Delivery ARP IPv4 Header Adapting Datagram Size Notes 2 Overview - Example 3 Direct Delivery 4 Indirect Delivery
More informationChapter 7. Local Area Network Communications Protocols
Chapter 7 Local Area Network Communications Protocols The Network Layer The third layer of the OSI Model is the network layer. The network layer is concerned with providing a means for hosts to communicate
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding Rodrigo Fonseca
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding Rodrigo Fonseca Based partly on lecture notes by David Mazières, Phil Levis, John Janno< Administrivia IP out today. Your job: Find partners and tell us Implement
More informationLecture 16: Network Layer Overview, Internet Protocol
Lecture 16: Network Layer Overview, Internet Protocol COMP 332, Spring 2018 Victoria Manfredi Acknowledgements: materials adapted from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 7 th edition: 1996-2016,
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding Rodrigo Fonseca
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding Rodrigo Fonseca Based partly on lecture notes by David Mazières, Phil Levis, John Jannotti Today Network layer: Internet Protocol (v4) Forwarding Next 2 classes:
More informationLecture 5 The Network Layer part II. Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it
Lecture 5 The Network Layer part II Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it IP datagram format IP protocol version number header length (bytes) type of data max number remaining
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding John Jannotti
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: IP & Forwarding John Jannotti Based partly on lecture notes by David Mazières, Phil Levis, Rodrigo Fonseca Administrivia IP out today. Your job: Find partners, get setup with Github
More informationLecture 4: The Transport Layer and UDP
Lecture 4: The Transport Layer and UDP Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG 4183 4-1 The Transport Layer Provides efficient and robust end-to-end service
More informationChapter Motivation For Internetworking
Chapter 17-20 Internetworking Part 1 (Concept, IP Addressing, IP Routing, IP Datagrams, Address Resolution 1 Motivation For Internetworking LANs Low cost Limited distance WANs High cost Unlimited distance
More informationComputer Networks ICS 651. IP Routing RIP OSPF BGP MPLS Internet Control Message Protocol IP Path MTU Discovery
Computer Networks ICS 651 IP Routing RIP OSPF BGP MPLS Internet Control Message Protocol IP Path MTU Discovery Routing Information Protocol DV modified with split horizon and poisoned reverse distance
More informationIntroduction Layer 3. IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing. Layer 3 Solution in Trains
Chapter 2.3 Layer 3 Network Layer 1 Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: www.ietf.org and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information
More informationCPSC 826 Internetworking. The Network Layer: Routing & Addressing Outline. The Network Layer
1 CPSC 826 Intering The Network Layer: Routing & Addressing Outline The Network Layer Michele Weigle Department of Computer Science Clemson University mweigle@cs.clemson.edu November 10, 2004 Network layer
More informationReview for Chapter 4 R1,R2,R3,R7,R10,R11,R16,R17,R19,R22,R24, R26,R30 P1,P2,P4,P7,P10,P11,P12,P14,P15,P16,P17,P22,P24,P29,P30
Review for Chapter 4 R1,R2,R3,R7,R10,R11,R16,R17,R19,R22,R24, R26,R30 P1,P2,P4,P7,P10,P11,P12,P14,P15,P16,P17,P22,P24,P29,P30 R1. Let s review some of the terminology used in this textbook. Recall that
More informationCC231 Introduction to Networks Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid. Internet Protocol Suite
CC231 Introduction to Networks Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid College of Computing and Information Technology Arab bacademy for Science &T Technology and Maritime Transport Internet Protocol Suite IP Suite Dr.
More informationCS 457 Lecture 11 More IP Networking. Fall 2011
CS 457 Lecture 11 More IP Networking Fall 2011 IP datagram format IP protocol version number header length (bytes) type of data max number remaining hops (decremented at each router) upper layer protocol
More informationNetwork Basic v0.1. Network Basic v0.1. Chapter 3 Internet Protocol. Chapter 3. Internet Protocol
Network Basic v0.1 Chapter 3. Internet Protocol 1 Network Basic v0.1 Chapter 3 Internet Protocol 1. The Role of Network Layer 2. IP Protocol Feature 3. IP Packet Routing 5. DHCP 6. NAT 2 1 네트워크 ICONs 3
More informationGuide to TCP/IP, Third Edition. Chapter 3: Data Link and Network Layer TCP/IP Protocols
Guide to TCP/IP, Third Edition Chapter 3: Data Link and Network Layer TCP/IP Protocols 1 Objectives Understand the role that data link protocols, such as SLIP and PPP, play for TCP/IP Distinguish among
More informationCHAPTER 18 INTERNET PROTOCOLS ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 18 INTERNET PROTOCOLS ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 18.1 (1) The communications network may only accept blocks of data up to a certain size. (2) Error control may be more efficient with a smaller PDU size.
More informationGoal of Today s Lecture. EE 122: Designing IP. The Internet Hourglass. Our Story So Far (Context) Our Story So Far (Context), Con t
Goal of Today s Lecture EE 122: Designing IP Ion Stoica TAs: Junda Liu, DK Moon, David Zats http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/ (Materials with thanks to Vern Paxson, Jennifer Rexford, and colleagues
More informationInternetworking. different kinds of network technologies that can be interconnected by routers and other networking devices to create an internetwork
UNIT - II Internetworking An internetwork is a collection of individual networks, connected by intermediate networking devices, that functions as a single large network. different kinds of network technologies
More informationCS610 Computer Network Final Term Papers Solved MCQs with reference by Virtualians Social Network
CS610 Computer Network Final Term Papers Solved MCQs with reference by Virtualians Social Network Question No: 1( M a r k s: 1 ) A ---------- Relies on the hardware manufacturer to assign a unique physical
More informationNetwork Layer PREPARED BY AHMED ABDEL-RAOUF
Network Layer PREPARED BY AHMED ABDEL-RAOUF Network layer transport segment from sending to receiving host on sending side encapsulates segments into datagrams on receiving side, delivers segments to transport
More informationCompSci 356: Computer Network Architectures. Lecture 8: Spanning Tree Algorithm and Basic Internetworking Ch & 3.2. Xiaowei Yang
CompSci 356: Computer Network Architectures Lecture 8: Spanning Tree Algorithm and Basic Internetworking Ch 3.1.5 & 3.2 Xiaowei Yang xwy@cs.duke.edu Review Past lectures Single link networks Point-to-point,
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationSolution of Exercise Sheet 4. Exercise 1 (Routers, Layer-3-Switches, Gateways)
Solution of Exercise Sheet 4 Exercise 1 (Routers, Layer-3-Switches, Gateways) 1. What is the purpose of Routers in computer networks? (Also explain the difference to Layer-3-Switches.) They forward packets
More informationUsing ICMP to Troubleshoot TCP/IP Networks
Laura Chappell Using ICMP to Troubleshoot TCP/IP Networks Illustration: Norman Felchle Editor s Note: This article is based on Laura Chappell s upcoming book TCP/IP Analysis and Troubleshooting, which
More information