Chapter 3: Network Protocols and Communications. Introduction to Networks v5.1
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1 Chapter 3: Network Protocols and Communications Introduction to Networks v5.1
2 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Rules of Communication 3.2 Network Protocols and Standards 3.3 Data Transfer in the Network 3.4 Summary 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
3 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Describe the types of rules that are necessary to successfully communicate Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
4 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
5 Human Communication 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
6 Computer Communication 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
7 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
8 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
9 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
10 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10
11 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
12 Example: Personal letter contains the following elements: An identifier of the recipient A salutation or greeting The message content A closing phrase An identifier of the sender 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12
13 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13
14 Human Communication 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14
15 Computer Communication The source host breaks a long message into individual pieces or frames that meet both the minimum and maximum size requirements. Each frame will also have its own addressing information. At the receiving host, the pieces are reconstructed to be processed and interpreted Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15
16 Rules of engagement: Access Method Flow Control Response Timeout 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16
17 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17
18 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18
19 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Explain why protocols are necessary in communication. Explain the purpose of adhering to a protocol suite. Explain the role of standards organizations in establishing protocols for network interoperability. Explain how the TCP/IP model and the OSI model are used to facilitate standardization in the communication process Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19
20 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20
21 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21
22 The role of protocols How the message is formatted or structured The process by which networking devices share information about pathways with other networks How and when error and system messages are passed between devices The setup and termination of data transfer sessions 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
23 Interaction of protocols in communication between a web server and web client Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
24 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24
25 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25
26 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26
27 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27
28 Protocol Operation - Sending a Message 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28
29 Protocol Operation Receiving a Message 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29
30 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30
31 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31
32 ISOC, IAM, IETF, and IRTF 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32
33 IANA and ICANN 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33
34 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34
35 EIA/TIA Standards 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35
36 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36
37 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37
38 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38
39 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39
40 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40
41 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Explain how data encapsulation allows data to be transported across the network. Explain how local hosts access local resources on a network Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 41
42 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42
43 Communicating the Message 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 43
44 Communicating the Message 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44
45 Segmenting Messages: Allows many different conversations to be interleaved Increases the efficiency of network communications Adds complexity 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 45
46 Encapsulation Data Segment Packet Frame Bits 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 46
47 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 47
48 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 48
49 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 49
50 Network Addresses and Data Link Addresses 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50
51 Layer 3 Network Addresses 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 51
52 Network Address Source IP address Destination IP address Responsible for delivering the IP packet from the original source to the final destination, either on the same network or to a remote network. Data Link Address Source data link address Destination data link address Responsible for delivering the data link frame from one network interface card (NIC) to another NIC on the same network 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 52
53 Layer 2 Data Link Addresses 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 53
54 Layer 2 Data Link Addresses 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 54
55 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 55
56 Role of the Network Layer Addresses Network portion of the IP Address The left-most part of the address that indicates which network the IP address is a member. Host portion The remaining part of the address that identifies a specific device on the network. Source IP address The IP address of the sending device Destination IP address The IP address of the receiving device Role of the Data Link Layer Addresses Source MAC address This is the data link address, or the Ethernet MAC address, of the sending device. Destination MAC address When the receiving device is on the same network as the sending device, this is the data link address of the receiving device Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 56
57 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57
58 Role of the Network Layer Addresses The source and destination IP addresses will represent hosts on different networks indicated by the different network portions of the source and destination addresses. Role of the Data Link Layer Addresses Destination MAC address - When the receiving device is on a different network from the sending device, the sending device uses the Ethernet MAC address of the default gateway or router Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58
59 Chapter Objectives: Explain how rules are used to facilitate communication. Explain the role of protocols and standards organizations in facilitating interoperability in network communications. Explain how devices on a LAN access resources in a small to medium-sized business network Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 59
60 Thank you.
Chapter 3: Network Protocols and Communications CCENT Routing and Switching Introduction to Networks v6.0 Instructor Planning Guide
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