Lecture-4. TCP/IP-Overview:

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Lecture-4. TCP/IP-Overview:"

Transcription

1 Lecture-4 TCP/IP-Overview: The history goes back to ARPANET a research network sponsored by DoD US Govt. It eventually connected hundreds of universities and govt installations, using leased telephone lines. When satellite and radio networks were later added, the existing protocol had a trouble interworking with them, so a new reference architecture was needed, thus the ability to connect multiple networks in a seamless way was one of the major design goals. The architecture became known as TCP/IP Reference Model. It was first described by Cerf and Kahn in 1974 Design Goal: The network should survive loss of subnet hardware, without existing conversation being broken, as a result of attack from Soviet Union. Since the applications with divergent requirements were envisioned, ranging from transmitting files to real time speech transmission, a flexible architecture was needed. Link Layer: The physical layer and data link layer of OSI reference model is combined together to form a link layer. Purpose: It describes what links such as serial lines and classical Ethernet must do to meet the needs of the connectionless internet layer and describes how data should be physically generated and transmitted over the physical medium by the network devices. Following are the functions and responsibilities of link layer : At physical level At physical level data consist of a stream of bits (sequence of 0's and 1's). Defines how the bits are encoded into electrical signals by the network devices. Synchronizing the sender and receiver at the bit level. Line configuration - point-to-point or point-to-multipoint Transmission mode - simplex, half duplex or full duplex Topology - star, ring, tree, bus etc. Mechanical specification of cables and connectors. Specification of electronic factors like voltage, frequency, impedance etc.

2 At logical level At logical level data consists of frames. Encapsulates IP packets or message received from the higher layer into frames. Synchronization of frames. Flow control, error detection and correction of frames at LLC sub-layer. Physical addressing, access control at MAC sub layer. Protocols used: Ethernet, Token ring, X.25, Frame relay, FDDI, GPRS. Network Devices : Network adaptor, Modem, Hub, Switch. The internet layer Purpose Permit host to inject packets into any network and have them travel independently to destination (on different network). Packets may arrive out of order, in which case it is the duty of higher layers to arrange them. Internet layer defines an official packet format and protocol called IP(internet protocol), plus a companion protocol called ICMP(Internet control Message Protocol) that help it function Routing packet to correct address Unicast and multicast routing the routing protocol do not take part in routing, but they creates forwarding tables for routers to help them in the routing process IP is a connectionless protocol that provides no flow control, no error control, and no congestion control services. If any of these services is required by any application, the application should rely only on the Transport layer protocol. Routing layers has auxiliary protocols that help IP in its delivery and routing task. These are: IP (IPv4,IPv6) ICMP: internet control message protocol helps IP to report some problems when routing IGMP: Internet Group Management protocol helps IP in multitasking DHCP: Dynamic host Configuration protocol help IP to get network layer address for hosts ARP: Address resolution protocol help IP to find link-layer address for hosts or router given the network address RARP DHCP Network devices: Router, Gateway. Transport Layer: It provides service to application layer, get a message from application program running on source host and delivers it to corresponding program on the application layer of destination host. It is logical end-to-end connection between two hosts at the transport layer. It gets the message from the application layer, encapsulates it in transport layer packet(called a segment or user datagram in different protocols) and sends it, through logical connection, to transport layer on destination.

3 Core Protocols used by transport layer - TCP and UDP; In TCP packets are called as segments, while in UDP it is called as datagrams. TCP- It is connection oriented protocol, that first establishes a logical connection between transport layer at two hosts before transferring data. It creates a logical pipe between two TCPs for transferring a stream of bytes. TCP is: Connection-oriented - Establishes a logical connection between sender and receiver before sending any data packets. Reliable - Receiver sends acknowledgement of received packet to the sender. Stateful - Both sender and receiver keeps track of the state of communication session. It provides: i. Flow control - Matching data rate of two hosts ii. Error control To ensure segment arrive without error, resending the corrupt one iii. Congestion control to reduce loss of segments due to congestion UDP(User datagram protocol) is connection-less protocol that transmits user datagram without first creating the logical connection. In UDP each datagram is an independent entity without being related to previous or next one. UDP does not provide flow, error, congestion control, Its simplicity is small overhead, used for sending short messages cannot afford retransmission of packet involved in TCP when message is corrupt or lost. New protocol. Unreliable - No acknowledgement of received packet. Stateless - Doesn't keep track of the state, works on timeout criteria. Used in application like streaming media (video, audio), where reliability, error recovery and flow control is not important. Has less overhead. New protocols Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) etc are used. It is the new emerging protocol used for multimedia JPEG, MIDI- Musical Instrument Digital Interface, MPEG- Moving Picture Experts Group, PICT, TIFF- Tagged Image File Format Network devices used : Router, Gateway. Application Layer: Communication at application layer is between two processes(two programs running at this layers)to communicate, a process send a request to other processes and receive a response. Process-to-Process communication is the duty of application layer. Protocols at this layers are: HTTP is vehicle for accepting www SMTP- for service SNMP- Simple Network Management Protocol FTP- for transferring file TFTP- Trivial File Transfer Protocol simple than FTP TELNET terminal Network

4 PING SSH Secure Shell- used for accessing sites remotely DNS IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol LDAP - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol NTP - Network Time Protocol POP3 RTP - Real-time Transport Protocol RTSP SIP Some common application layer functions are : User interacts directly with the application software, where application process creates user data and transmits this data to other application process on same or another host via one of the transport layer protocol (TCP or UDP). Network application software's uses specific protocol and socket or port number for communication like web browser - http protocol - 80 port, file transfer - ftp protocol - 21 port, Logging on remote computer - telnet protocol - 23 port etc Following are the functions of application layer : Formatting data - Text format may be in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) or Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC). Representing data - Defines how data is to be represented to the end user. Process-to-process communication - E.g. client and server application software. Creating sessions - E.g. a web browser with one or more tabs, then its application layer responsibility to create and manage separate sessions for each tab. Provides services like browsing, , file transfer, chatting, directory etc. Working of the different Layers A real Example Without going into a great deal of technical detail, I will describe a general example of how these layers work in real life. Assuming that the protocol stack being used is TCP/IP and the user is going to use an FTP client program to get or send files from/to a FTP server the following will essentially happen: 1. The user will start the FTP client program on the sending computer. 2. The user will select the address (If the user selected a name, a description of DNS would need to be described complicating this scenario) and port of the server. 3. The user will indicate to the FTP client program that they want to connect to the server.

5 4. The application layer will send information through the presentation layer to the session layer telling it to open a connection to the other computer at a specific address and port. The presentation layer will not do much at this time, and the presentation layer is actually handled by the FTP program. 5. The session layer will negociate through to the FTP server for a connection. There are several synchronization signals sent between the client and server computers just to establish the connection. This is a description of the sending of a signal from the client to the server: a) The session layer of the client will send a data packet (SYN) signal to the transport layer. b) The transport layer will add a header (TCP header) to the packet indicating what the source port is and what the destination port is. There are also some other flags and information that will not be discussed here to minimize complexity of this explanation. c) The network layer will add source IP address and destination IP address along with other information in a IP header. d) The datalink layer will determine (using ARP and routing information which is not discussed here for brevity) the hardware address of the computer the data is being sent to. An additional header (ethernet) will be added at this layer which indicates the hardware address to receive the message along with other information. e) The information will be transmitted across the physical wire (hardware layer) until the signal reaches the network card of the server computer. The signal may go through several hubs or repeaters. f) The FTP server will normally only look for ethernet frames that are matching its own hardware address. g) The FTP server will see the ethernet frame matching its address and strip the ethernet header information and send it to the network layer. h) The network layer will examine the IP address information, strip the IP header, and if the IP address matches its own, will send the information to the transport layer. i) The transport layer will look at the TCP port number and based on the port number and services being run, will strip the TCP header and send the information to the appropriate program which is servicing the requested port. j) At this point, the session layer in the FTP program will conduct a series of data exchanges between itself through all the lower layers to the client computer until a session is established. 6. At this point information may be sent through several FTP commands between the client and the server. Every transmission passes through the network layers from the application layer down to the hardware layer and back up the layers on the receiving computer. 7. When the client decides to terminate the session layer will be informed by the higher layers and will negotiates for the closing of the connection.

Network Architecture Models

Network Architecture Models School of Business Eastern Illinois University Network Architecture Models (September 8, 2009) Abdou Illia, Fall 2009 Learning Objectives 2 Discuss the OSI reference Model Discuss the Internet Model Compare

More information

Fundamentals of Networking. OSI & TCP/IP Model. Kuldeep Sonar 1

Fundamentals of Networking. OSI & TCP/IP Model. Kuldeep Sonar 1 Fundamentals of Networking OSI & TCP/IP Model Kuldeep Sonar 1 Kuldeep Sonar 2 OSI Model Kuldeep Sonar 3 Application Layer Layer 7 provides an interface between a host s communication software and any necessary

More information

Reference Models. 7.3 A Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models

Reference Models. 7.3 A Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models Reference Models Contains 7.1 The OSI Reference Model 7.1.1 The Physical Layer 7.1.2 The Data Link Layer 7.1.3 The Network Layer 7.1.4 The Transport Layer 7.1.5 The Session Layer 7.1.6 The Presentation

More information

Cisco Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Cisco Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Cisco 200-125 Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) http://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/200-125 Question: 769 Refer to exhibit: Which destination addresses will be used by Host A to send data

More information

Introduction to Networking

Introduction to Networking Introduction to Networking Chapters 1 and 2 Outline Computer Network Fundamentals Defining a Network Networks Defined by Geography Networks Defined by Topology Networks Defined by Resource Location OSI

More information

06/02/ Local & Metropolitan Area Networks 0. INTRODUCTION. 1. History and Future of TCP/IP ACOE322

06/02/ Local & Metropolitan Area Networks 0. INTRODUCTION. 1. History and Future of TCP/IP ACOE322 1 Local & Metropolitan Area Networks ACOE322 Lecture 5 TCP/IP Protocol suite and IP addressing 1 0. INTRODUCTION We shall cover in this topic: 1. The relation of TCP/IP with internet and OSI model 2. Internet

More information

Defining Networks with the OSI Model. Module 2

Defining Networks with the OSI Model. Module 2 Defining Networks with the OSI Model Module 2 Objectives Skills Concepts Objective Domain Description Objective Domain Number Understanding OSI Basics Defining the Communications Subnetwork Defining the

More information

TSIN02 - Internetworking

TSIN02 - Internetworking Lecture 4: Transport Layer Literature: Forouzan: ch 11-12 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet Lecture 4: Outline Transport layer responsibilities UDP TCP 2 Transport layer in OSI model Figure

More information

Chapter 2 - Part 1. The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet

Chapter 2 - Part 1. The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet Chapter 2 - Part 1 The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet Protocols A protocol is a language or set of rules that two or more computers use to communicate 2 Protocol Analogy: Phone Call Parties

More information

Layer 4: UDP, TCP, and others. based on Chapter 9 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers

Layer 4: UDP, TCP, and others. based on Chapter 9 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers Layer 4: UDP, TCP, and others based on Chapter 9 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers Concepts application set transport set High-level, "Application Set" protocols deal only with how handled

More information

5105: BHARATHIDASAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE NATTARMPALLI UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS AND LINK LAYER PART A

5105: BHARATHIDASAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE NATTARMPALLI UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS AND LINK LAYER PART A 5105: BHARATHIDASAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE NATTARMPALLI 635 854. NAME OF THE STAFF : R.ANBARASAN DESIGNATION & DEPARTMENT : AP/CSE SUBJECT CODE : CS 6551 SUBJECT NAME : COMPUTER NETWORKS UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS

More information

Copyleft 2005, Binnur Kurt. Objectives

Copyleft 2005, Binnur Kurt. Objectives 1 ing Fundamentals Copyleft 2005, Binnur Kurt Objectives Define basic networking terms Describe some commonly used network applications Describe the main purposes and functions of computer networking Describe

More information

System Programming. Introduction to computer networks

System Programming. Introduction to computer networks Content : by Dr. B. Boufama School of Computer Science University of Windsor Instructor: Dr. A. Habed adlane@cs.uwindsor.ca http://cs.uwindsor.ca/ adlane/60-256 Content Content 1 Introduction to Computer

More information

Communicating over the Network

Communicating over the Network Communicating over the Network Network Fundamentals Chapter 2 Version 4.0 1 Network Structure The elements of communication 3 common elements of communication Message source people/electronic devices need

More information

E&CE 358: Tutorial 1. Instructor: Sherman (Xuemin) Shen TA: Miao Wang

E&CE 358: Tutorial 1. Instructor: Sherman (Xuemin) Shen TA: Miao Wang E&CE 358: Tutorial 1 Instructor: Sherman (Xuemin) Shen TA: Miao Wang Email: m59wang@uwaterloo.ca 1 About Tutorials TA: Miao Wang Office: EIT 3133; Tutorials: Th 4:30 5:20 pm Topics Supplementary knowledge

More information

CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER

CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER Transport Layer The Transport layer ensures the reliable arrival of messages and provides error checking mechanisms and data

More information

Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1

Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1 Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1 Objectives Upon completion of this chapter you will be able to perform the following tasks: Identify the IP protocol stack, its protocol

More information

Computer Communication & Networks / Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 03

Computer Communication & Networks / Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 03 Computer Communication & Networks / Data Communication & Computer Networks Week # 03 M.Nadeem Akhtar CS & IT Department The University of Lahore Email: nadeem.akhtar@cs.uol.edu.pk URL-https://sites.google.com/site/nadeemuolcsccn/home

More information

1: Review Of Semester Provide an overview of encapsulation.

1: Review Of Semester Provide an overview of encapsulation. 1: Review Of Semester 1 1.1.1.1. Provide an overview of encapsulation. Networking evolves to support current and future applications. By dividing and organizing the networking tasks into separate layers/functions,

More information

Guide to Networking Essentials, 6 th Edition. Chapter 5: Network Protocols

Guide to Networking Essentials, 6 th Edition. Chapter 5: Network Protocols Guide to Networking Essentials, 6 th Edition Chapter 5: Network Protocols Objectives Describe the purpose of a network protocol, the layers in the TCP/IP architecture, and the protocols in each TCP/IP

More information

Chapter -4 OSI Reference Model

Chapter -4 OSI Reference Model Chapter -4 OSI Reference Model Objectives Concept of Reference Model. OSI Reference Model Concept. Layers of OSI Reference Model. 4.1 Introduction Layered Architecture, Peer-to- Peer Processes, Interfaces

More information

TCP/IP THE TCP/IP ARCHITECTURE

TCP/IP THE TCP/IP ARCHITECTURE TCP/IP-1 The Internet Protocol (IP) enables communications across a vast and heterogeneous collection of networks that are based on different technologies. Any host computer that is connected to the Internet

More information

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications Data and Computer Communications Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based s 1 Need For Protocol Architecture data exchange can involve complex procedures better if task broken into subtasks

More information

Lecture Outline. Lecture 2. OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking

Lecture Outline. Lecture 2. OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking Lecture 2 The OSI model Chapter 2, specifically pages 42-58 Dave Novak School of Business Administration, University of Vermont Sources: 1) Network+ Guide to Networks, Dean 2013 2) Comer, Computer Networks

More information

Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Protocols OSI Layer 4 Common feature: Multiplexing Using. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Protocols OSI Layer 4 Common feature: Multiplexing Using. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Lecture (07) OSI layer 4 protocols TCP/UDP protocols By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee ١ Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU Fall2014, Computer Networks II Introduction Most data-link protocols notice errors then discard frames

More information

6 Computer Networks 6.1. Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning

6 Computer Networks 6.1. Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning 6 Computer Networks 6.1 Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: 6.2 Describe network criteria, physical structures and categories

More information

TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing

TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing CCNA 1 v3 Module 9 10/11/2005 NESCOT CATC 1 Introduction to TCP/IP U.S. DoD created the TCP/IP model. Provides reliable data transmission to any destination under

More information

OSI Transport Layer. objectives

OSI Transport Layer. objectives LECTURE 5 OSI Transport Layer objectives 1. Roles of the Transport Layer 1. segmentation of data 2. error detection 3. Multiplexing of upper layer application using port numbers 2. The TCP protocol Communicating

More information

CS-461 Internetworking. Dr. Mohamed Aboutabl

CS-461 Internetworking. Dr. Mohamed Aboutabl CS-461 Internetworking Dr. Mohamed Aboutabl http://www.cs.jmu.edu/users/aboutams The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 1 Chapter 1 Introduction The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 2 Internet today Network

More information

The OSI Model. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

The OSI Model. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Network Models The OSI Model Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Model for understanding and developing computer-to-computer communication

More information

Concept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space provided.

Concept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space provided. 113 Chapter 9 TCP/IP Transport and Application Layer Services that are located in the transport layer enable users to segment several upper-layer applications onto the same transport layer data stream.

More information

Layering in Networked computing. OSI Model TCP/IP Model Protocols at each layer

Layering in Networked computing. OSI Model TCP/IP Model Protocols at each layer Layering in Networked computing OSI Model TCP/IP Model Protocols at each layer Learning outcomes Understand the need of layering in Networked computing Understand the OSI model and the tcp/ip model Understand

More information

Lesson 5 TCP/IP suite, TCP and UDP Protocols. Chapter-4 L05: "Internet of Things ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

Lesson 5 TCP/IP suite, TCP and UDP Protocols. Chapter-4 L05: Internet of Things , Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education Lesson 5 TCP/IP suite, TCP and UDP Protocols 1 TCP/IP Suite: Application layer protocols TCP/IP Suite set of protocols with layers for the Internet TCP/IP communication 5 layers: L7, L4, L3, L2 and L1

More information

TSIN02 - Internetworking

TSIN02 - Internetworking TSIN02 - Internetworking Literature: Lecture 4: Transport Layer Forouzan: ch 11-12 Transport layer responsibilities UDP TCP 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet 2 Transport layer in OSI model

More information

Lecture (11) OSI layer 4 protocols TCP/UDP protocols

Lecture (11) OSI layer 4 protocols TCP/UDP protocols Lecture (11) OSI layer 4 protocols TCP/UDP protocols Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee ١ Agenda Introduction Typical Features of OSI Layer 4 Connectionless and Connection Oriented Protocols OSI Layer 4 Common feature:

More information

OSI Reference Model. Computer Networks lab ECOM Prepared By : Eng. Motaz Murtaja Eng. Ola Abd Elatief

OSI Reference Model. Computer Networks lab ECOM Prepared By : Eng. Motaz Murtaja Eng. Ola Abd Elatief Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Computer Engineering Department Computer Networks lab ECOM 4121 OSI Reference Model Prepared By : Eng. Motaz Murtaja Eng. Ola Abd Elatief May /2010 OSI

More information

General Important Protocols for Examination of IA Examination 2018

General Important Protocols for Examination of IA Examination 2018 Protocol General Important Protocols for Examination of IA Examination 2018 DNS - Domain Name System - translates network address (such as IP addresses) into terms understood by humans (such as Domain

More information

Operating Systems. 16. Networking. Paul Krzyzanowski. Rutgers University. Spring /6/ Paul Krzyzanowski

Operating Systems. 16. Networking. Paul Krzyzanowski. Rutgers University. Spring /6/ Paul Krzyzanowski Operating Systems 16. Networking Paul Krzyzanowski Rutgers University Spring 2015 1 Local Area Network (LAN) LAN = communications network Small area (building, set of buildings) Same, sometimes shared,

More information

Concept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space that is provided.

Concept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space that is provided. 223 Chapter 19 Inter mediate TCP The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols was developed as part of the research that the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

More information

Operating Systems and. Computer Networks. Introduction to Computer Networks. Operating Systems and

Operating Systems and. Computer Networks. Introduction to Computer Networks. Operating Systems and Computer Networks Introduction to Computer Networks Linux System Structure Corbet et al, Linux Device Drivers, O Reilly, 2005 Categories of System Calls Process Control load, execute, end, abort, create

More information

Significance of TCP/IP Model Divya Shree Assistant Professor (Resource Person), Department of computer science and engineering, UIET, MDU, Rohtak

Significance of TCP/IP Model Divya Shree Assistant Professor (Resource Person), Department of computer science and engineering, UIET, MDU, Rohtak Significance of TCP/IP Model Divya Shree Assistant Professor (Resource Person), Department of computer science and engineering, UIET, MDU, Rohtak Abstract: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

More information

CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Lecture 17: Internet architecture Prof. Alan Mislove (amislove@ccs.neu.edu) Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion

More information

EEC-484/584 Computer Networks

EEC-484/584 Computer Networks EEC-484/584 Computer Networks Lecture 2 Wenbing Zhao wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Misc. Interested in research? Secure

More information

Networking Models OSI Model Created by International Organization Standardization

Networking Models OSI Model Created by International Organization Standardization Networking Models OSI Model Created by International Organization Standardization Prepared by Agha Mohammad Haidari Network Manager ICT Directorate Ministry of Communication & IT Email : Agha.m@mcit.gov.af

More information

The Client Server Model and Software Design

The Client Server Model and Software Design The Client Server Model and Software Design Prof. Chuan-Ming Liu Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei, TAIWAN MCSE Lab, NTUT, TAIWAN 1 Introduction

More information

Data Communication and Network. Introducing Networks

Data Communication and Network. Introducing Networks Data Communication and Network Introducing Networks Introduction to Networking Computer network, or simply network Refers to the connection of two or more computers by some type of medium You can connect

More information

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT BASICS NETWORKING CHAPTER 1 Networking Basics to Networking Advantages of Networking Types of Network 1 Local Area Network (LAN) LAN features Basic LAN components

More information

Section 1.1: Networking Overview

Section 1.1: Networking Overview Section 1.1: Networking Overview This section provides an introduction to networking. Students will become familiar with the following aspects of a network: Components of a network o Computers o Transmission

More information

DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS

DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS A/L Guide TERAN SUBASINGHE Data Communication What is data communication? Data Communication is a process of exchanging data or information between two or more devices along

More information

TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu

TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu OSI Model and TCP/IP Model Comparison TCP / IP Protocols (Application Layer) The TCP/IP subprotocols listed in this layer are services that support a number of network functions:

More information

Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP

Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP Chapter 8 Interconnecting s with TCP/IP 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1 Introduction to TCP/IP Internet TCP/IP Early protocol suite Universal 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND 8-2 TCP/IP Protocol

More information

Lecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.

Lecture 17 Overview. Last Lecture. Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture. Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9. Lecture 17 Overview Last Lecture Wide Area Networking (2) This Lecture Internet Protocol (1) Source: chapters 2.2, 2.3,18.4, 19.1, 9.2 Next Lecture Internet Protocol (2) Source: chapters 19.1, 19.2, 22,1

More information

Chapter 7. Local Area Network Communications Protocols

Chapter 7. Local Area Network Communications Protocols Chapter 7 Local Area Network Communications Protocols The Network Layer The third layer of the OSI Model is the network layer. The network layer is concerned with providing a means for hosts to communicate

More information

TCP/IP Networking. Training Details. About Training. About Training. What You'll Learn. Training Time : 9 Hours. Capacity : 12

TCP/IP Networking. Training Details. About Training. About Training. What You'll Learn. Training Time : 9 Hours. Capacity : 12 TCP/IP Networking Training Details Training Time : 9 Hours Capacity : 12 Prerequisites : There are no prerequisites for this course. About Training About Training TCP/IP is the globally accepted group

More information

CS1302 / Computer Networks

CS1302 / Computer Networks CS1302 / Computer Networks Year/Sem : III/VI UNIT I- DATA COMMUNICATIONS 1. Define Data communication 2. List out the characteristics of data communication 3. What are the components of data communication?

More information

TSIN02 - Internetworking

TSIN02 - Internetworking Lecture 4: Transport Layer Literature: Forouzan: ch 11-12 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet Lecture 4: Outline Transport layer responsibilities UDP TCP 2 Transport layer in OSI model Figure

More information

Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1

Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Network Models n Network Architecture: n A) Hardware: at the core of any network;

More information

Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense

Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense Chapter 2 TCP/IP Concepts Review Last modified 1-11-17 Objectives Describe the TCP/IP protocol stack Explain the basic concepts of IP addressing Explain the

More information

ITEC 3800 Data Communication and Network. Introducing Networks

ITEC 3800 Data Communication and Network. Introducing Networks ITEC 3800 Data Communication and Network Introducing Networks Introduction to Networking Computer network, or simply network Refers to the connection of two or more computers by some type of medium You

More information

Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1

Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Chapter 2 Network Models 2.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2-1 LAYERED TASKS We use the concept of layers in our daily life. As an example,

More information

4.0.1 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION

4.0.1 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 4.0.1 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Data networks and the Internet support the human network by supplying seamless, reliable communication between people - both locally and around the globe. On a single device,

More information

Computer Networking. Chapter #1. Dr. Abdulrhaman Alameer

Computer Networking. Chapter #1. Dr. Abdulrhaman Alameer Computer Networking Chapter #1 Dr. Abdulrhaman Alameer What is Computer Network? It is a collection of computers and devices interconnected by communications channels that facilitate communications among

More information

OSI Model. Teran Subasinghe MBCS, Bsc.(Hons) in Computer Science - University of Greenwich, UK

OSI Model. Teran Subasinghe MBCS, Bsc.(Hons) in Computer Science - University of Greenwich, UK OSI Model Teran Subasinghe MBCS, Bsc.(Hons) in Computer Science - University of Greenwich, UK What is OSI Model? Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model Developed in 1984 by the International Standards

More information

Network Models. Behrouz A. Forouzan Data communication and Networking Fourth edition

Network Models. Behrouz A. Forouzan Data communication and Networking Fourth edition Chapter 2 Network Models Behrouz A. Forouzan Data communication and Networking Fourth edition 1 Layered Tasks We use the concept of layers in our daily life. As an example, let us consider two friends

More information

exam. Number: Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min CISCO Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND)

exam. Number: Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min CISCO Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND) 100-105.exam Number: 100-105 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min CISCO 100-105 Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND) Exam A QUESTION 1 Which route source code represents the routing

More information

6 Computer Networks 6.1. Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning

6 Computer Networks 6.1. Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning 6 Computer Networks 6.1 Foundations of Computer Science Cengage Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: 6.2 Describe network criteria, physical structures and categories

More information

Network+ Guide to Networks 6 th Edition. Chapter 4 Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols

Network+ Guide to Networks 6 th Edition. Chapter 4 Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols Network+ Guide to Networks 6 th Edition Chapter 4 Introduction to TCP/IP Protocols Objectives Identify and explain the functions of the core TCP/IP protocols Explain the TCP/IP model and how it corresponds

More information

OSI and TCP/IP Models

OSI and TCP/IP Models EECS 3214 Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science York University 18-01-08 12:12 1 OSI and / Models 2 1 / Encapsula5on (Packet) (Frame) 3 / Model and Example Protocols A list of protocols

More information

QUESTION BANK UNIT-I

QUESTION BANK UNIT-I DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY QUESTION BANK Subject Code: CS1302 Subject Name: Computer Networks Year/ Sem: III / V UNIT-I 1. What is multicast? What is the difference between unicast and multicast?

More information

Network Review TEJ4M. SBrace

Network Review TEJ4M. SBrace Network Review TEJ4M SBrace Example of how the OSI Layers work using an e-mail sent from the computer on the left. Email sent from John: Meet me at Carl s 1:30 John Identify sender and intended receiver;

More information

BLM6196 COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

BLM6196 COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS BLM6196 COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK (2 nd Week) 2. Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications 2.Outline The Need for a Protocol Architecture

More information

Computer Networks. More on Standards & Protocols Quality of Service. Week 10. College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University

Computer Networks. More on Standards & Protocols Quality of Service. Week 10. College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Computer Networks More on Standards & Protocols Quality of Service Week 10 College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Introduction to Protocols l A protocol is a set of rules

More information

TSIN02 - Internetworking

TSIN02 - Internetworking Lecture 4: Outline Literature: Lecture 4: Transport Layer Forouzan: ch 11-12 RFC? Transport layer introduction UDP TCP 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet 2 The Transport Layer Transport layer

More information

Chapter 2. Communicating Over The Network. CCNA1-1 Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Communicating Over The Network. CCNA1-1 Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Communicating Over The Network CCNA1-1 Chapter 2 Communicating Over the Network The Platform for Communications CCNA1-2 Chapter 2 Elements of Communication People communicate in many different

More information

Part VI. Appendixes. Appendix A OSI Model and Internet Protocols Appendix B About the CD

Part VI. Appendixes. Appendix A OSI Model and Internet Protocols Appendix B About the CD Part VI Appendixes Appendix A OSI Model and Internet Protocols Appendix B About the CD OSI Model and Internet Protocols APPENDIX A In this appendix, you will Learn about the OSI model Review the network

More information

OSI Model with Protocols. Layer Name PDU Address Protocols Device

OSI Model with Protocols. Layer Name PDU Address Protocols Device NetEss Name: Networking Essentials Prof. CHIN OSI Model with Protocols Layer Name PDU Address Protocols Device 7 Application Data FTP, SSH, Telnet, SMTP, DNS TFTP,HTTP, POP3, IMAP, HTTPS 6 Presentation

More information

Just enough TCP/IP. Protocol Overview. Connection Types in TCP/IP. Control Mechanisms. Borrowed from my ITS475/575 class the ITL

Just enough TCP/IP. Protocol Overview. Connection Types in TCP/IP. Control Mechanisms. Borrowed from my ITS475/575 class the ITL Just enough TCP/IP Borrowed from my ITS475/575 class the ITL 1 Protocol Overview E-Mail HTTP (WWW) Remote Login File Transfer TCP UDP RTP RTCP SCTP IP ICMP ARP RARP (Auxiliary Services) Ethernet, X.25,

More information

ch02 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

ch02 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ch02 True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. No matter what medium connects computers on a network copper wires, fiber-optic cables, or a wireless setup the same protocol must be

More information

Chapter 16 Networking

Chapter 16 Networking Chapter 16 Networking Outline 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Network Topology 16.3 Network Types 16.4 TCP/IP Protocol Stack 16.5 Application Layer 16.5.1 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 16.5.2 File Transfer

More information

Lecture 3 Protocol Stacks and Layering

Lecture 3 Protocol Stacks and Layering Lecture 3 Protocol Stacks and ing Hui Zhang School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 15-441 Networking, Fall 2007 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~srini/15-441/f07/ 1 What is a Communication Network?

More information

SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer

SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science Chapter - 2 Switching and Network Architecture

More information

OSI Layer OSI Name Units Implementation Description 7 Application Data PCs Network services such as file, print,

OSI Layer OSI Name Units Implementation Description 7 Application Data PCs Network services such as file, print, ANNEX B - Communications Protocol Overheads The OSI Model is a conceptual model that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard of their underlying internal structure

More information

ECE4110 Internetwork Programming. Introduction and Overview

ECE4110 Internetwork Programming. Introduction and Overview ECE4110 Internetwork Programming Introduction and Overview 1 EXAMPLE GENERAL NETWORK ALGORITHM Listen to wire Are signals detected Detect a preamble Yes Read Destination Address No data carrying or noise?

More information

OSI Transport Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 4. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1

OSI Transport Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 4. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1 OSI Transport Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 4 Version 4.0 1 Transport Layer Role and Services Transport layer is responsible for overall end-to-end transfer of application data 2 Transport Layer Role

More information

TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL. ETI 2506 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Monday, 7 November 2016

TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL. ETI 2506 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Monday, 7 November 2016 TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL ETI 2506 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Monday, 7 November 2016 ETI 2506 - TELECOMMUNICATION SYLLABUS Principles of Telecom (IP Telephony and IP TV) - Key Issues to remember 1.

More information

Different Layers Lecture 20

Different Layers Lecture 20 Different Layers Lecture 20 10/15/2003 Jian Ren 1 The Network Layer 10/15/2003 Jian Ren 2 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every host,

More information

Different Layers Lecture 21

Different Layers Lecture 21 Different Layers Lecture 21 10/17/2003 Jian Ren 1 The Transport Layer 10/17/2003 Jian Ren 2 Transport Services and Protocols Provide logical communication between app processes running on different hosts

More information

Lecture (02) Network Protocols and Standards

Lecture (02) Network Protocols and Standards Lecture (02) Network Protocols and Standards Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee 1 Agenda - - 2 Preface Protocols and standards are what make networks work together. Protocols make it possible for the various components

More information

Introduction to TCP/IP

Introduction to TCP/IP Introduction to TCP/IP Properties and characteristics of TCP/IP IPv4 IPv6 Public vs private vs APIPA/link local Static vs dynamic Client-side DNS settings Client-side DHCP Subnet mask vs CIDR Gateway TCP/IP

More information

Peer entities. Protocol Layering. Protocols. Example

Peer entities. Protocol Layering. Protocols. Example Peer entities Protocol Layering An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking Customer A and B are peers Postal worker A and B are peers Protocols A protocol is a set of rules and formats that govern

More information

Question 7: What are Asynchronous links?

Question 7: What are Asynchronous links? Question 1:.What is three types of LAN traffic? Unicasts - intended for one host. Broadcasts - intended for everyone. Multicasts - intended for an only a subset or group within an entire network. Question2:

More information

Introduction... xiii Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Networks and Internet Computer Networks Uses of Computer Networks...

Introduction... xiii Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Networks and Internet Computer Networks Uses of Computer Networks... Table of Contents Introduction... xiii Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Networks and Internet... 1 1.1 Computer Networks... 1 1.1.1 Advantages of Computer Networks... 2 1.1.2 Disadvantages of Computer

More information

Networking and Internetworking 1

Networking and Internetworking 1 Networking and Internetworking 1 Today l Networks and distributed systems l Internet architecture xkcd Networking issues for distributed systems Early networks were designed to meet relatively simple requirements

More information

QUESTION BANK EVEN SEMESTER

QUESTION BANK EVEN SEMESTER Fatima Michael College of Engineering and Technology DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK EVEN SEMESTER SUB CODE & NAME: EC2352 COMPUTER NETWORKS YEAR / SEM: III / VI Staff

More information

CCNA 1 Chapter 7 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013

CCNA 1 Chapter 7 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013 CCNA 1 Chapter 7 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013 1 A PC is downloading a large file from a server. The TCP window is 1000 bytes. The server is sending the file using 100-byte segments. How many segments will the

More information

Networking interview questions

Networking interview questions Networking interview questions What is LAN? LAN is a computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group of buildings. However, one LAN can be connected

More information

TCP/IP Overview. Basic Networking Concepts. 09/14/11 Basic TCP/IP Networking 1

TCP/IP Overview. Basic Networking Concepts. 09/14/11 Basic TCP/IP Networking 1 TCP/IP Overview Basic Networking Concepts 09/14/11 Basic TCP/IP Networking 1 What is TCP/IP? TCP/IP is a name refers to an entire collection of data communication protocols: TCP: Transmission Control Protocol

More information

Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part1 ( ICND1) Exam.

Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part1 ( ICND1) Exam. Cisco 640-822 Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part1 ( ICND1) Exam TYPE: DEMO http://www.examskey.com/640-822.html Examskey Cisco 640-822 exam demo product is here for you to test quality of the

More information

IP - The Internet Protocol. Based on the slides of Dr. Jorg Liebeherr, University of Virginia

IP - The Internet Protocol. Based on the slides of Dr. Jorg Liebeherr, University of Virginia IP - The Internet Protocol Based on the slides of Dr. Jorg Liebeherr, University of Virginia Orientation IP (Internet Protocol) is a Network Layer Protocol. IP: The waist of the hourglass IP is the waist

More information

Outline. Connecting to the access network: DHCP and mobile IP, LTE. Transport layer: UDP and TCP

Outline. Connecting to the access network: DHCP and mobile IP, LTE. Transport layer: UDP and TCP Outline Connecting to the access network: DHCP and mobile IP, LTE Transport layer: UDP and TCP IETF TCP/IP protocol suite User application, e.g., http with Mozilla Communication for each process on computer

More information