Java Event Handling -- 1

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1 Java Event Handling -- 1

2 Event Handling Happens every time a user interacts with a user interface. For example, when a user pushes a button, or types a character. 2

3 A Typical Situation: Scrollbar AWTEvent AdjustmentEvent source interface Adjustable <<use>> <<create>> EventListener interface AdjustmentListener * adjustmentlisteners Component ScrollBar +addadjustmentlistener: InputScrollbarAdapter +adjustmentvaluechanged: 3

4 Event Representation Each event is represented by an object that gives information about the event and identifies the event source. In Java, every event is a subclass of EventObject. 4

5 Abstract class EventObject getsource returns the object on which the event occured. Each subclass adds its own specialized methods. 5

6 Event Sources Event sources are usually components, but they can be other kind of objects too. An event source can have multiple event listeners registered on it. Examples of event sources are e.g. buttons and windows. 6

7 Event Listeners An event listener is an object that wants to be notified when an event has occured on a component. The common interface that all event listener interfaces must extend is EventListener. 7

8 Event Listeners For example, to listen for ActionEvents the class must implement the interface ActionListener, that in turn is an implementation of EventListener. An example is shown on the next slide 8

9 An ActionListener Object EventObject #source Object AWTEvent Component By the classes implementing the interface <<use>> ActionEvent <<create>> TextComponent EventListener interface ActionListener * TextField +addactionlistener: ItemListener AdjustmentListener ConverterModel InputTextAdapter +actionperformed: +itemstatechanged: +actionperformed: 9

10 Event Adapters To highten the ease of use, most eventlistener interfaces have corresponding adapter classes that have all of the interface methods implemented. Must be subclassed. 10

11 A Complex Listener with Adapter EventListener interface TreatmentListener <<use>> AWTEvent TreatmentEvent source interface Treatable +treatment1occured: +treatment2occured: +treatmentnoccured: * -listeners <<create>> Manick -listeners:treatmentlisteners[*] ManickAdapter +addtreatmentlistener: +treatment1occured: +treatment2occured: +treatmentnoccured: MySimpleListener +treatmentxoccured: Mari Göransson - KaU - Datavetenskap - DAVD11 11

12 Three Required Parts public class MyClass implements ActionListener somecomponent.addactionlistener(a MyClass) public void actionperformed(actionevent e){} 12

13 An Example 13

14 Threads and Event Handling All event handling code executes in a single thread, the event-dispatching thread. Ensures that one event handler finishes before the next one can start. 14

15 Components and Events Every component support component, focus, key, mouse and mouse-motion listeners. Fires only events for which listeners has registered an interest in. 15

16 Java Event Handling and the Observer Pattern Java s current event handling was introduced in JDK 1.1. It is a specialized version of the Observer pattern. 16

17 Java Event Handling and the Observer Pattern The observer pattern is used when an object wants to be informed of a state change in another object. In java, the observer object listens for events to happen. 17

18 Java Event Handling and the Observer Pattern 18

19 Java Event Handling and the Observer Pattern 19

20 Java and the Observer Pattern Java has included the Observer- Observable pair of objects that concurs to the Observer pattern, it is therefore easy to implement the pattern behaviour on your own. 20

21 Events in the Converter ActionEvent Listener must implement the interface ActionListener. ChangeEvent (Swing) or AdjustmentEvent Listener must implement the interface ChangeListener or AdjustmentListener. ItemEvent Listener must implement the interface ItemListener. 21

22 ActionEvent Generated when the user presses return in the textfield. EventSource calls the method actionperformed() in the listeners and sends the event as a parameter. 22

23 ChangeEvent Generated when the user changes the slider. Listeners must implement the method statechanged(), that is invoked when the target of the listener has changed its state. 23

24 AdjustmentEvent Generated when the user changes the value of the scrollbar (AWT). Has several specialized methods: getadjustable() getadjustmenttype() getvalue() 24

25 AdjustmentEvent Listeners must implement the method adjustmentvaluechanged() that is invoked when the srollbar changes its value. 25

26 ItemEvent Generated when the user selects another unit in the choicebox. Has some specialized methods: getitem() getitemselectable() getstatechanged() 26

27 The ItemEvent Structure AWTEvent ItemEvent source interface ItemSelectable <<use>> <<create>> EventListener interface ItemListener * Component Choice +additermlistener: ActionListener AdjustmentListener ConverterModel +itemstatechanged: +actionperformed: 27

28 ItemEvent The event is passed to every ItemListener object which registered to receive such events using the component's additemlistener() method. When an item-selection event occurs, the listener object's itemstatechanged() method is invoked. 28

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