John Hunt and Alex McManus. Key Java. Advanced Tips and Techniques

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1 John Hunt and Alex McManus Key Java Advanced Tips and Techniques

Preface xiii Part 1 Java Development 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 A Brief History of Java 3 1.3 The Three Stages of Java 4 1.4 The Java Application Platform 7 1.5 Case Studies 8 1.

2 Preface xiii Part 1 Java Development 1 Introduction Introduction A Brief History of Java The Three Stages of Java The Java Application Platform Case Studies Issues for Java Developers 12 2 Inheritance and Reuse Introduction Inheritance Drawbacks of Inheritance Balancing Inheritance and Reuse Compositional Reuse Promoting Reuse in Object-Oriented Systems Tool Support Conclusions Further Reading 26 3 Persistent Storage of Objects Introduction Streams Serialization The Object Input/Output Streams Controlling What is and is not Saved Version control Problems with Serialization Further Reading Online References 34 4 Introductory JavaBeans Introduction Overview 35 vii

viii 4.3 Implementing JavaBeans 38 4.4 Defining JavaBeans 41 4.5 Using the BeanBox and Jar Files 46 4.6 Further Reading 47 4.7 Online References 47 5 JavaBeans in Depth 49 5.1 Introduction 49 5.

3 viii 4.3 Implementing JavaBeans Defining JavaBeans Using the BeanBox and Jar Files Further Reading Online References 47 5 JavaBeans in Depth Introduction Introspection Property Data Types Creating a Beanlnfo Object Serializing a Bean Property Editors Customizers A Critique of JavaBeans Summary 62 6 Java DataBase Connectivity Introduction WhatisJDBC? What the Driver Provides Registering Drivers Opening a Connection Obtaining Data from a Database Creating a Table Limitations Further Reading Online References 71 7 The Web and JDBC Introduction MiniSQL Sockets in Java Web-Based Client-Server Architecture Signed Applets Further Reading Online References 83 8 File-Based Storage Classes Introduction File-Based Storage Classes Implementing a Fi lebag Class The Collection Interface The RangedRandom Class The UniqueFilename Class The Fi lebag Class Online Resources 101

ix 9 Frameworks 103 9.1 Introduction 103 9.2 What is a Framework? 103 9.3 MVC: An Example Framework 104 9.4 The MVC Framework in Java 107 9.5 The Balance Application 110 9.

4 ix 9 Frameworks Introduction What is a Framework? MVC: An Example Framework The MVC Framework in Java The Balance Application The Application Code Designing Object-Oriented Frameworks General Guidance for Framework Development Further Reading Patterns for Documenting Frameworks Introduction Motivation Behind Patterns Design Patterns Documenting Patterns When to Use Patterns Strengths and Limitations of Design Patterns An Example Pattern: Mediator Summary Further Reading Online References 129 Part 2 Java Testing 11 Testing Object-Oriented Systems Introduction Why is Testing Object-Oriented Systems Hard? Inheritance * Abstract Superclasses Encapsulation Polymorphism Additional Java-Specific Features Summary Further Reading Testing Java Code Introduction Class and Instance Sides Sources of Test Information Object Integration Testing System Testing Summary Further Reading Assertions in Java Introduction 153

x Part 3 13.2 Assertions and Their Uses 153 13.3 Using Assertions in Java 154 13.4 Assertions in Java 156 13.5 CheckedAssertion and CheckedAssertionException 158 13.6 Analysis 159 13.7 Summary 160 13.

5 x Part Assertions and Their Uses Using Assertions in Java Assertions in Java CheckedAssertion and CheckedAssertionException Analysis Summary Further Reading 160 Java Performance 14 Performance: Tooling Up Introduction The Java Language Virtual Machines Java Compilers Targeting Optimization Profiling Summary Online References Optimizing for Speed Introduction Timing Harnesses System Library Classes Traditional Optimizations The Cost of Java Operations Rewriting Library Classes Summary Online References References Optimizing for Memory Introduction Reducing Class File Size Memory Management Strategies for Reducing Memory Overhead Summary Further Reading Online References Future Evaluators Exploiting Idle Processor Time Processes in Java Inter-process Communication Implementing Future Evaluators Working with Future Evaluators 212

xi 17.6 Lazy Evaluators 214 17.7 Native Threads 214 17.8 Summary 214 17.9 Online References 215 18 Real-Time Java 217 18.1 Introduction 217 18.2 What are Real-Time Systems? 217 18.3 Language Requirements 218 18.

6 xi 17.6 Lazy Evaluators Native Threads Summary Online References Real-Time Java Introduction What are Real-Time Systems? Language Requirements Java for Real-Time Systems Summary Further Reading 221 Part 4 Graphic Java 19 Evolution of the Java User Interface Introduction The Abstract Window Toolkit The Internet Foundation Classes Other Contributions The Java Foundation Classes Summary Online References The Internet Foundation Classes Introduction Application Framework View Classes Layout Managers Windows Persistence IFC Constructor IFC and AWT Migration to the Java Foundation Classes Summary Online References Swinging with the Java Foundation Classes Introduction Model-View-Controller Architecture Pluggable Look and Feel Swing Components Windows Common Dialogs Extending Swing Components Creating New Swing Components Actions 266

xii 21.10 Undo Framework 269 21.11 Java Accessibility 274 21.12 Summary 275 21.13 Online References 275 22 Graphical Java Media 277 22.1 Introduction 277 22.2 Java 2D 277 22.3 Java 3D 287 22.

7 xii Undo Framework Java Accessibility Summary Online References Graphical Java Media Introduction Java 2D Java 3D The Java Media Framework Summary Online References User Interface Design Issues in Java Introduction Users and Tasks General Guidelines for Good Design Consistency Menus Dialogs Error Handling Internationalization Response Time Screen Design and Colour Help! Configuration Platform Independence Summary Further Reading Online References 326 Index 327

Index. Enterprise JavaBeans 6 error handling 316 messages 318 prevention 316 exceptions 155 Externalizable interface 57

Index. Enterprise JavaBeans 6 error handling 316 messages 318 prevention 316 exceptions 155 Externalizable interface 57 abstraction 15 Abstract Window Toolkit 225, 301 native-peer 226 Account class 112 ActionController 108 ActiveX 36 AgeKeyListener 316 annotations 153 Application Foundation Classes 228 Assertion 154 AssertionException