Software Engineering a.a Unit Tests for SpringMVC Prof. Luca Mainetti University of Salento

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1 Software Engineering a.a Unit Tests for SpringMVC Prof. University of Salento

2 Junit - Introduction JUnit is the most popular Java Unit testing framework We typically work in large projects - some of these projects have more than 2000 source files or sometimes it might be as big as files with one million lines of code. Before unit testing, we depend on deploying the entire app and checking if the screens look great. But that s not very efficient. And it is manual. Unit Testing focuses on writing automated tests for individual classes and methods. JUnit is a framework which will help you call a method and check (or assert) whether the output is as expected. The important thing about automation testing is that these tests can be run with continuous integration - as soon as some code changes. 2

JUnit - Introduction Java Framework for execution of Unity/Regression Tests Regression Test aims to verify that newer versions of a software do not introduce bugs: thay have to pass all the test

3 JUnit - Introduction Java Framework for execution of Unity/Regression Tests Regression Test aims to verify that newer versions of a software do not introduce bugs: thay have to pass all the test succesfully passed during past versions of the software It provides tools for verifying assertions More test cases for each single method Supported by Test Suite tool: fast and easy execution of many tests JUnit libraries for Eclipse Download JUnit: 3

4 JUnit Annotations Starting from JUnit version 4, it is possibile to use java annotations for test classes 4

5 Mockito Mockito is the most popular mocking framework in Java Current stable version: 2 5

6 Unit Testing of Spring MVC Controllers Three kinds of Unit Test for Spring MVC Controllers: Configuration: unit testing over the whole project configuration elements Controllers: unit testing of normal controllers. REST API: unit testing of the single REST Apis 6

7 Gradle Dependencies Jackson (core and databind modules). We use Jackson to transform objects into url encoded String objects. Hamcrest 1.3. We use Hamcrest matchers when we are writing assertions for the responses. JUnit 4.12 Mockito Spring Test RELEASE Dependences { compile group: 'com.jayway.jsonpath', name: 'json-path', version: '2.4.0' testcompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12' testcompile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-test', version: '5.0.3.RELEASE' testcompile group: 'org.mockito', name: 'mockito-core', version: '1.9.5' testcompile group: 'org.hamcrest', name: 'hamcrest-all', version: '1.3 testcompile group: 'com.jayway.jsonpath', name: 'json-path-assert', version: '

8 Unit tests for Controllers 8

9 Writing Unit Tests for Controller Methods Every unit test which we write to test the behavior of a controller method consists of: Sending a request to the tested controller method. Verifying that we received the expected response. The Spring MVC Test framework has a few core classes which we can use for implementing these steps in our tests. These classes are described in the following: We can build our requests by using the static methods of the MockMvcRequestBuilders class The MockMvc class is the main entry point of our tests. We can execute requests by calling its perform method. We can write assertions for the received response by using the static methods of the MockMvcResultMatchers class. We are going to test the HomeController controller 9

10 Enhanced HomeController Add public HomeController() { super(); public HomeController(IUserService userservice) { this.userservice = userservice; Add another method=requestmethod.get) public String users(modelmap modelmap) { List<User> users = userservice.getall(); modelmap.addattribute("users", users); System.out.println("HOMECONTROLLER"); return "users"; 10

Users.jsp <!DOCTYPE html> <%@ page contenttype="text/html;charset=utf-8" language="java" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.

11 Users.jsp <!DOCTYPE html> page contenttype="text/html;charset=utf-8" language="java" %> taglib prefix="c" uri=" %> taglib prefix="spring" uri=" %> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>insert title here</title> </head> <body> <div id="todo-list" class="page-content"> <c:choose> <c:when test="${empty users"> <p>non sono presenti utenti</p> </c:when> <c:otherwise> <c:foreach items="${users" var="user"> <div> <c:out value="${user.name"/> <c:out value="${user.surname"/> </div> </c:foreach> </c:otherwise> </c:choose> </div> </body> </html> 11

12 HomeControllerTest: class creation Create the right package Set annotations and attributes: private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_PREFIX = "/templates/"; private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_SUFFIX = ".jsp"; private MockMvc private IUserService userservicemock; 12

13 HomeControllerTest: imports import org.junit.before; import org.junit.test; import org.junit.runner.runwith; import org.mockito.mock; import org.mockito.runners.mockitojunitrunner; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.mockmvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.mockmvcbuilders; import org.springframework.web.servlet.viewresolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview; import it.unisalento.se.saw.iservices.iuserservice; import it.unisalento.se.saw.domain.user; import static org.hamcrest.matchers.allof; import static org.hamcrest.matchers.hasitem; import static org.hamcrest.matchers.hasproperty; import static org.hamcrest.matchers.hassize; import static org.hamcrest.matchers.is; import static org.mockito.mockito.times; import static org.mockito.mockito.verify; import static org.mockito.mockito.verifynomoreinteractions; import static org.mockito.mockito.when; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.mockmvcrequestbuilders.get; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.mockmvcresultmatchers.forwardedurl; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.mockmvcresultmatchers.model; import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.mockmvcresultmatchers.view; 13

14 HomeControllerTest: setup Test public void setup() { mockmvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HomeController(userServiceMock)).setViewResolvers(viewResolver()).build(); private ViewResolver viewresolver() { InternalResourceViewResolver viewresolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver(); viewresolver.setviewclass(jstlview.class); viewresolver.setprefix(view_resolver_prefix); viewresolver.setsuffix(view_resolver_suffix); return viewresolver; 14

15 HomeControllerTest: public void getallusersview() throws Exception { User first = new User(); first.set ("osvaldo@ .it"); first.setname("osvaldo"); first.setsurname("rossi"); User second = new User(); second.set ("mario@ .it"); second.setname("mario"); second.setsurname("bianchi"); when(userservicemock.getall()).thenreturn(arrays.aslist(first, second)); mockmvc.perform(get("/home/users")).andexpect(view().name("users")).andexpect(forwardedurl("/templates/users.jsp")).andexpect(model().attribute("users", hassize(2))).andexpect(model().attribute("users", hasitem( allof( ))).andexpect(model().attribute("users", hasitem( allof( ))); hasproperty(" ", is("osvaldo@ .it")), hasproperty("name", is("osvaldo")), hasproperty("surname", is("rossi")) ) hasproperty(" ", is("mario@ .it")), hasproperty("name", is("mario")), hasproperty("surname", is("bianchi")) ) verify(userservicemock, times(1)).getall(); verifynomoreinteractions(userservicemock); 15

16 Unit tests for REST APIs WITH MOCK DATA 16

17 Enhanced UserRestController Add constructors: public UserRestController() { super(); public UserRestController(IUserService userservice) { this.userservice = userservice; 17

18 UserRestController: class creation Create the right package Set annotations and public class UserRestControllerTest { private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_PREFIX = "/templates/"; private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_SUFFIX = ".jsp ; public static final MediaType APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 = new MediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getType(), MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getSubtype(), Charset.forName("utf8")); private MockMvc private IUserService userservicemock; 18

19 UserRestController: setup Test public void setup() { mockmvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new UserRestController(userServiceMock)).setViewResolvers(viewResolver()).build(); private ViewResolver viewresolver() { InternalResourceViewResolver viewresolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver(); viewresolver.setviewclass(jstlview.class); viewresolver.setprefix(view_resolver_prefix); viewresolver.setsuffix(view_resolver_suffix); return viewresolver; 19

20 UserRestController: public void finduserbyidtest() throws Exception { User user = new User(); user.setname("osvaldo"); user.setsurname("rossi"); when(userservicemock.getbyid(1)).thenreturn(user); mockmvc.perform(get("/user/getbyid/{id", 1)).andExpect(status().isOk()).andExpect(content().contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)).andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is("osvaldo"))).andexpect(jsonpath("$.surname", is("rossi"))); verify(userservicemock, times(1)).getbyid(1); verifynomoreinteractions(userservicemock); 20

21 Unit tests for REST APIs WITH PERSISTENCE ACCESS 21

22 TestContext It represents the context valid for @Import({WebAppConfig.class, public class TestContext { private static final String MESSAGE_SOURCE_BASE_NAME = public MessageSource messagesource() { ResourceBundleMessageSource messagesource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource(); messagesource.setbasename(message_source_base_name); messagesource.setusecodeasdefaultmessage(true); return messagesource; 22

23 UserRestControllerTest: class creation Create the right package Set annotations = public class UserRestControllerTest { public static final MediaType APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 = new MediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getType(), MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getSubtype(), private WebApplicationContext webapplicationcontext; private MockMvc public void setup() { mockmvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build(); 23

24 UserRestControllerTest: setup Test public void setup() { mockmvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build(); 24

25 UserRestControllerTest: public void finduserbyidtest () throws Exception { mockmvc.perform(get("/user/getbyid/{id", 1)).andExpect(status().isOk()).andExpect(content().contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)).andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is("osvaldo"))).andexpect(jsonpath("$.surname", public void saveusertest() throws Exception { UserDTO dto = new UserDTO(); dto.setname("sandro"); dto.setsurname("maroccia"); mockmvc.perform(post("/user/save").contenttype(application_json_utf8).content(utils.convertobjecttojsonbytes(dto)) ).andexpect(status().isok()).andexpect(content().contenttype(application_json_utf8)).andexpect(jsonpath("$.name", is("sandro"))).andexpect(jsonpath("$.surname", is("maroccia"))); 25

JVA-117A. Spring-MVC Web Applications

JVA-117A. Spring-MVC Web Applications Version 4.2 This course enables the experienced Java developer to use the Spring application framework to manage objects in a lightweight, inversion-of-control container,