Richard Mallion. Swift for Admins #TEAMSWIFT

Transcription

1 Richard Mallion Swift for Admins #TEAMSWIFT

2 Apple Introduces Swift At the WWDC 2014 Keynote, Apple introduced Swift A new modern programming language It targets the frameworks for Cocoa and Cocoa Touch Can coexist with Objective-C code

3 Apple Introduces Swift I m know Objective-C, why do we need another language

4 Apple Introduces Swift Swifty

5 Apple Introduces Swift Swifty

6 Apple Introduces Swift Swifty

7 Why Swift?

8 Why Swift Swift is easier to read compared to Objective-C * and [ [ [ ] ] ] Simpler, cleaner and more expressive Makes it easier for existing programmers to learn: Java, Python, etc Easier for new developers to pick up

9 Cleaner Objective-C Swift

10 Python v Swift

11 Python v Swift name = "A string variable in Python" var name = "A string variable in Swift"

12 Python v Swift name = "A string variable in Python" age = 42 var name = "A string variable in Swift" var age = 42

13 Python v Swift name = "A string variable in Python" age = 42 var name = "A string variable in Swift" var age = 42 a = "some text" b = "some text if a == b: print("the strings are equal") var a = "some text" var b = "some text if a == b { print("the strings are equal ) }

14 Python v Swift name = "A string variable in Python" age = 42 var name = "A string variable in Swift" var age = 42 a = "some text" b = "some text if a == b: print("the strings are equal") var a = "some text" var b = "some text if a == b { print("the strings are equal ) } nums = [1,1,3,5,8,13,21] for n in nums: print(n) var nums = [1,1,3,5,8,13,21] for n in nums { print(n) }

15 Why Swift Swift is easier to maintain than Objective-C Because of C, code files come in pairs Header and Implementation Swift has just one file - more script friendly No importing required Objective-C Swift

16 Why Swift Apple has made every effort to make swift Safe Brackets are enforced - Remember the SSL Goto Fail? Type Safe No uninitialised data Etc

17 Why Swift Swift 3 is open sourced Swift source code has been released under an OSI-approved permissive license Contributions from the community are being accepted OS X and Linux compiler Community developing solutions for other platforms You can influence the future

18 Why Swift Swift can be used everywhere ios, watchos and tvos native apps macos native apps Playgrounds REPL Command line tools Scripts Server Side Apps

19 Swift - Compatibility Swift apps are backward compatible with ios 7+ Swift apps are backward compatible with OS X 10.9+

20 Life is Good!

21 Cons Since 2014 Swift has maintained Binary Compatibility Swift has not maintained Source Compatibility Until now - hopefully Swift 3.1 s aim is for source code compatibility

22 Syntax has changed Example: Counting the number of characters in a string Swift CountElements( ABCDEFGH ) Swift Count( ABCDEFGH ) Swift 2/3 - ABCDEFGH.characters.count Swift Migrator is supplied with Xcode 8

23 Swift - Runtime Library Xcode embeds a small Swift runtime library into every app Approx 8MB Because the library is embedded, your app uses a consistent version of Swift on past, present and future versions of the OS 20KB 8.4MB Objective-C Swift

24 Cons The deeper you get, more knowledge is required But it does tend to scale with your learning path Optionals Type Safety APIs Asynchronous calls

25 Ranking June Javascript 2. Java 3. PHP 4. Python 5. C# 6. C++ 7. Ruby 8. CSS 9. C 10. Objective-C 11. Shell 12. R 13. Perl 14. Scala 15. Go 16. Haskell 17. Swift 18. MatLab 19. Visual Basic 20. Groovy First language to hit top 20 within a year of release

26 Where can we use Swift?

27 1. Native Apps Full native macos, ios, watchos, tvos and command line apps Access to all available Cocoa and Cocoa Touch frameworks Build complete native UI Build Enterprise Apps Digitally signed apps - Plays nice with Gatekeeper Access the App Store, Mac App Store and TV Store

28 Xcode - Full Suite of Tools Xcode Interface Builder Instruments ios Simulator

29 Enrol in an Apple Developer Program Free Program Access to the SDK Run ios apps on your device only Run unsigned OS X Apps Apple Developer Program ($99) Commercial and free applications Public distribution via App Store Public distribution via Mac App Store Signed OS X Apps / Packages Enterprise Program ($299) Proprietary in-house ios applications Internal distribution to in-house devices

30 2. Playgrounds A Playground is a file wrapper Swift code that runs results every time the code is edited Folder of embedded resources A timeline to visualise results Great way to experiment Rapid prototyping Test new code without having to create an entire app ipad version available Export code to Xcode on the Mac

31 3. REPL Read, Evaluate, Print, Loop Traditional - Edit, Compile, Link, Run Interactive language shell in the command line Takes single user inputs, evaluates them and returns the result To access enter swift in the command line CTRL-D to exit or :q and return

32 IBM Swift Sandbox Interactive website from IBM Lets you write and execute code Runs on Linux Each sandbox runs on IBM Cloud in a Docker container

33 IBM Server Side Swift Kitura Free an open source framework written in Swift For writing Swift server side apps Cloud Tools for Swift Set of tools that help simplify the deployment and and management of server side assets Integrates with Xcode Other Server side examples from other companies include Vapor, Perfect and Zewo Apple formed Server API workgroup

34 4. Scripts You can run Swift shell scripts.swift files You can run these scripts by passing them to swift in the command line Run them directly using shebang Does require the developer command line tools to be installed You can compile these scripts down to binaries using swiftc

35 Scripts Both swift and swiftc require either Xcode or the command line developer tools installed

36 5. Integration Swift < - > bash Swift < - > python Swift < - > AppleScript etc

37 bash Using the Process class we can run another program as a subprocess We can specify the path to the executable We can specify arguments to launch the executable with We create a Pipe between to allow communication between Swift and the subprocess We can also execute shell scripts

38 AppleScript NSAppleScript allows to load, compile and execute AppleScripts We can load an AppleScript file We can supply the AppleScript as text

39 6. File Management The FileManager class lets us examine the contents of the file system and make changes to it Create Delete Copy Permissions etc We have built in methods to find commonly used directories such as Home Library Documents tmp

40 Property Lists One of the most convenient ways to store data is using property lists Property lists are xml files The default file structure for preferences on ios and OS X Can natively write many types of objects to a property list including: - Arrays - Dictionaries - Numbers - Strings - Dates - Raw Data

41 7. Logging NSLog (Apple System Log / Unified Logging) os_log (Unified Logging)

42 Resources Sign up as a developer at ibooks Store - The Swift Programming Language from Apple 3rd Party Books Ray Wenderlich Apress O Reilly

43 Thank You #TEAMSWIFT