Contents at a Glance. vii

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1 Contents at a Glance 1 Installing WebLogic Server and Using the Management Tools Administering WebLogic Server Instances Creating and Configuring WebLogic Server Domains Configuring Naming, Connections, Transactions, and Messaging Configuring the WebLogic Server Environment Monitoring and Troubleshooting WebLogic Server Working with WebLogic Server Clusters Understanding WebLogic Server Application Deployment Managing WebLogic Server Security WebLogic Server Performance Tuning Index vii

2 Contents Foreword xix Acknowledgments xxi Introduction xxiii 1 Installing WebLogic Server and Using the Management Tools... 1 Oracle WebLogic Server: An Overview Oracle WebLogic Server Product Set Terminology... 3 Important WebLogic Server Concepts Execute Threads and Queues... 9 Implementing the JMX API and MBeans Development and Production Mode Listen Ports and Listen Threads Choosing a JVM Using Web Server Plug-Ins Management APIs Installing Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Development-Only Installation Installation Prerequisites Installation Modes Installation Procedures Checking the Installed Features Reinstalling WebLogic Server Exploring the Installation Directories The WebLogic Server Sample Applications Starting the Examples Server Stopping the Server ix

3 x Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Administration Handbook Upgrading Oracle WebLogic Server Upgrade Tools Upgrade Procedures Performing a Rolling Upgrade Using the Administration Console Logging into the Administration Console Navigating the Administration Console Using the Change Center Working with the Administration Console Node Manager The WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST) Offline and Online WLST Invoking WLST Using WLST in Script Mode Connecting to a WebLogic Server Instance Disconnecting from the Server Using the Help Command Key WLST Command Groups Summary Administering WebLogic Server Instances Managing the Servers Administration and Managed Servers Admin Server Failures and the Managed Servers Selecting the Start Mode for a Server Configuring Class Caching Setting the Environment Configuring Server Instances with the Console Providing User Credentials Using the Node Manager to Manage Servers Node Manager Capabilities Starting the Node Manager Stopping the Node Manager Monitoring the Node Manager Logs Running the Node Manager as a Windows Service Configuring the Node Manager The Node Manager Domains File Key WLST Node Manager Commands Life Cycle of WebLogic Server Instances The STARTING, STANDBY, and RUNNING States The SHUTDOWN, SUSPENDING, and FAILED States Self Health Monitoring How the Server Deals with the FAILED State Shutdown Command Options

4 Contents xi Starting and Stopping WebLogic Server Server Messages Server Logs Using a Startup Script to Start and Stop Servers Using the java weblogic.server Command Configuring Server Attributes with weblogic.server Using the Ant Tool to Manage Servers Managing Servers from the Administration Console Using WLST Without the Node Manager Using WLST with the Node Manager Setting Up a WebLogic Server Instance as a Windows Service Setting Up the Service Setting Up the Managed Server as a Windows Service Starting and Stopping the Service Changing Startup Credentials for a Service Removing a Service Dealing with WebLogic Server Failures Starting a Failed Admin Server Managed Server Independence (MSI) Mode Deleting Servers Summary Creating and Configuring WebLogic Server Domains Structure of a WebLogic Server Domain WebLogic Server Instances WebLogic Server Clusters Domain Resources Domain Restrictions Domain Directories Understanding Domain Configuration Changes The Domain Configuration File: config.xml Modifying Domain Configuration Using the Lock & Edit Mechanism in the Administration Console Tracking Changes with Configuration Auditing Making a Domain Read-Only Controlling the Logging of Configuration Changes Creating Domain Templates Templates Offered by WebLogic Server Creating a Custom Domain Template Creating a Custom Extension Template Creating Templates with the pack and unpack Commands Creating a WebLogic Server Domain Using the weblogic.server Command Using the Configuration Wizard to Create a Domain Extending Domains

5 xii Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Administration Handbook Creating a Domain with WLST Commands Selecting the Startup Mode for the WebLogic Domain Advanced Domain Configuration Options Configuring the Admin Server Configuring Managed Servers Configuring Clusters Assigning Managed Servers to Clusters Creating HTTP Proxy Applications Configuring Machines Targeting Deployments to Clusters or Servers Configuring a Persistent Store Configuring Server Environments Configuring the Network Configuring WebLogic Server as a Web Server Setting a Default Web Application Preventing POST Denial of Service Attacks Configuring HTTP Logging Proxying Requests to Other Web Servers Configuring the WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-Ins Configuring Virtual Hosts Protecting Domain Data Backing Up a Domain s config.xml File Backing Up the Security Data Summary Configuring Naming, Connections, Transactions, and Messaging JNDI and Naming and Directory Services JNDI Architecture Viewing the WebLogic Server JNDI Tree Using JNDI to Connect a Java Client to a Server Clustered JNDI Configuring Transactions Transactions and the ACID Test Types of WebLogic Transactions Transactions and the Two-Phase Commit Configuring WebLogic JTA Monitoring Transaction Services Transaction Logs and Transaction Recovery Configuring Database Connections JDBC Architecture Enabling XA in the Database Data Sources Understanding WebLogic JDBC Configuration Using a JDBC System Module Creating a Generic Data Source Using a GridLink Data Source

6 Contents xiii Configuring a Multi Data Source Configuring a JDBC Data Source Managing Data Sources Starting and Stopping a Data Source Configuring Java Messaging Services (JMS) Message Communication Modes Structure of a JMS Message Components of a JMS Messaging Application WebLogic JMS Architecture Configuring WebLogic Server JMS Monitoring JMS Servers Creating JMS System Modules System Modules and Subdeployments Migration of JMS-Related Services Store-and-Forward (SAF) Service for Reliable Messaging WebLogic Messaging Bridge Foreign JMS Servers Configuring WebLogic JavaMail Configuring Mail Sessions Configuring a Mail Session Summary Configuring the WebLogic Server Environment Optimizing Application Performance WebLogic Server Thread Pools Work Managers Configuring Work Managers Work Manager Components Defining a Work Manager Through the Console Managing Server Work Overload Throttling the Thread Pool Handling Overload or Failure Conditions Limiting Active HTTP Sessions Dealing with Stuck Threads WebLogic Server Self Health Monitoring Optimal Network Configuration Benefits of Using Network Channels Creating Custom Network Channels Tunneling Configuring Network Channels Designing Network Channels The Java Connector Architecture (JCA) Managing Resource Adapters Through the Console Monitoring Resource Adapter Connections The WebLogic Tuxedo Connector Summary

7 xiv Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Administration Handbook 6 Monitoring and Troubleshooting WebLogic Server The Weblogic Diagnostic Framework Using WLDF with the JRockit Flight Recorder Using the Monitoring Dashboard Configuring Diagnostic Image Capture Configuring a Diagnostic Archive Using a Diagnostic System Module Configuring Metric Collection Configuring WLDF Instrumentation Configuring Watches and Notifications Accessing the WLDF Diagnostic Data Monitoring WebLogic Server Instances Monitoring with the Administration Console Monitoring with JMX Using WLST Monitoring Scripts Monitoring with SNMP Understanding WebLogic Logging Services Understanding the Log Files Anatomy of a Log Message Viewing Logs Configuring a Domain Log Filter Subsystem Logs Understanding Server Log File Maintenance Setting Debugging Flags Using the Console Integrating Application and Server Logging Controlling Server Log Messages to Log Destinations WebLogic Server Troubleshooting Understanding Java Thread Dumps Collecting a JRockit Thread Dump JVM Crashes Generating Logs for Troubleshooting Automatically Logging Low Memory Conditions Out of Memory Errors Summary Working with WebLogic Server Clusters Introduction to WebLogic Server Clusters Relationship Between Clusters and a Domain Deployment in a Cluster Cluster Architectures How Clusters Communicate Naming Cluster Instances Configuring a Cluster Using the Administration Console

8 Contents xv Managing a WebLogic Server Cluster Starting and Stopping the Cluster Starting and Stopping with Scripts Monitoring a Cluster Clustering WebLogic Server Services JNDI Naming Service JDBC Clustering JMS and Clusters WebLogic Server Load Balancing Load-Balancing Servlets and JSPs Load Balancing for EJBs and RMI Objects Application Failover and Replication Detecting Application Failures Handling Servlet and JSP Failures Failover for EJBs and RMIs Handling Server and Service Failures Migratable Servers Manual and Automatic Service Migration Migratable Targets Leasing and Automatic Migration Migrating JMS-Related Services Configuring Migration of JTA Services Whole Server Migration Using WLST to Migrate Services Summary Understanding WebLogic Server Application Deployment Introduction to WebLogic Server Deployment Types of Applications You Can Deploy Deployment Targets Deployment Tools Deployment Descriptors, Annotations, and Deployment Plans Configuring Deployments with Deployment Plans Preparing Applications for Deployment Deploying an Archive File Exploded Archive Directory Deployment Naming the Deployment and the Applications Storing the Deployment Files How WebLogic Server Accesses Source Files Deploying Applications Deployment Order Using the Administration Console for Deployment Using WLST to Deploy Applications Deploying with weblogic.deployer Deploying with the wldeploy Ant Task

9 xvi Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Administration Handbook Reducing Deployment Time During Development Using the Autodeployment Feature During Development Using FastSwap to Shorten the Development Cycle Monitoring and Updating Applications Monitoring Applications Using Administration Mode to Sanity Test Deployments Production Redeployment Strategies Performing a Production Redeployment Summary Managing WebLogic Server Security Java EE Security and OPSS Java EE Security and WebLogic Server The Java Security Manager Oracle Platform Security Services WebLogic Server Security Basics WebLogic Server Resources Security Realm Security Providers Managing Security Realms Creating and Configuring a New Security Realm Configuring the Security Providers Configuring the Auditing Provider Configuring Entitlements Caching Users, Groups, Roles, and Security Policies Users Groups Security Roles Configuring Security Policies Static and Dynamic Security Conditions Security Models for Web Applications and EJBs The Deployment Descriptor Only Model The Custom Roles Model The Custom Roles and Policies Model The Advanced Model Security-Related Deployment Descriptors Configuring the Embedded LDAP Server Configuring a RDBMS as the Security Store Setting Up the RDBMS Security Store Creating Tables in the RDBMS Store Setting Up JMS Notifications for Security Changes Configuring Domain Security Configuring Domain Security in the Administration Console Enabling Trust Between Domains Using Connection Filters

10 Contents xvii Configuring SSL Configuring Identity and Trust Setting SSL Configuration Attributes Oracle WebLogic Security Best Practices Use Multiple Administrative Users Control Access to WebLogic Resources Avoid Running the Server Under a Privileged Account Enable Security Auditing Use Connection Filters Prevent Denial of Service Attacks Implement Security for Applications Summary WebLogic Server Performance Tuning Tuning WebLogic Server Thread Management Tuning the Network I/O Tuning the JVM Understanding Memory Management Understanding Locking Tuning Messaging Applications Tuning the Persistent Store Tuning WebLogic JMS Tuning WebLogic JMS Store-and-Forward Tuning the Applications and Managing Sessions Tuning Web Applications Using Oracle Coherence Tuning EJB Performance SQL Tuning Best Practices Managing Sessions JPA and TopLink Tuning Data Sources and Transactions Tuning Data Sources Tuning Transactions Summary Index