INFORMATION COMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SKS Lecture Two

Transcription

1 INFORMATION COMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SKS 1362 Lecture Two

2 Microprocessor CPU: Central Processing Unit Brain of the computer Executes instructions 2

3 Microprocessor CPU: It has mathematical function Calculates instruction Pre-loaded information 3

4 Microprocessor CPU: Gets instruction from user Interprets instruction Needs storage Writes data Saves data for later use 4

5 What is Motherboard? 5

6 What Is Inside Motherboard? CPU, Bios, Memory, Mass Storage, Ports, Slots, Controllers, screen, Bus, keyboard, disk drives 6

7 You can add memory on the motherboard You also able to upgrade it Change the CPU Or if you have money can replace your motherboard for new one. 7

8 What is Memory? 8

9 Types of Memory Memory is an internal storage in the computer It is either temporary or permanent It s job is to store data or instructions 9

10 Types of Memory Four basic types of memory: RAM Cache Memory Virtual Memory Hard Drives 10

11 Types of Memory RAM Random Access Memory It is temporary It is used when needed Off your computer lost 11

12 Types of Memory Cache Memory Used between CPU and RAM Holds most recent information Holds Temporarily 12

13 Types of Memory Virtual Memory File is too big for RAM Hard drive keep it for a while Use it when needed It is a slow process 13

14 Types of Memory Hard Drives Can store information permanently All programs and files are stored 14

15 Types of Memory Read Only Memory (ROM) All the time active Cannot sleep Switch off no problem You On your computer information still ada. Content cannot change (read only) 15

16 Computer: 16

17 What is Input Devices? 17

18 Input Devices User enters DATA and gives COMMANDS How? keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone Four forms of input: Data Program Commands User responses 18

19 Convey information to one or more users. Four types of output: Text Graphics Sound Video Animation Output Devices 19

20 What is Output Devices? 20

21 1. Input: Accepts data COMPUTER 2. Takes the data and process 4. Store the result 3. Produce results 21

22 7. What is Storage Devices? 22

23 Storage Devices 23

24 Definition: Storage device means something capable of keeping and saving our data It is used in the computer Many types of devices Hardware device 24

25 Many types of devices: Floppy discs Fixed hard discs Portable hard discs Magnetic tapes CD, DVD Pen drive, Memory card 25

26 Communication device is any device that can be used to convey message within computer and from computer to the user. 26

27 8. Types of communication Router Modem Bluetooth Ethernet Port Telephone Port 27

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30 Discussion How Computer Works? 30

31 Elements of Information System 1. People 2. Procedure 3. Software 4. Hardware 5. Data 31

32 Computer Application In Society.. 1) Science 2) Medical 3) Education 4) Business 5) Entertainment 6) E-banking 7) Crime prevention 32

33 Data Representation Representation of information Stored in a computer. Types of information such as: 1) Numbers 2) Text 3) Graphics 4) Stills video 5) animation and sound 33

34 Expansion Slots Slot for adding capabilities such as Memory Graphics Devices Sound Cards 34

35 Adapter Cards Allow a computer to support a new device. Enable a computer to communicate. It is also called controller. 35

36 Ports and Connectors There are many connectors and ports on the computer. They communicate with the different devices attached. 36

37 Ports and Connectors A PORT is an interface between the computer and other computers. A port is a specialized outlet on a piece of equipment. A Cable or a plug connected to the computer. 37

38 Ports and Connectors IEEE 1394 interface Ethernet USB Parallel USB 38

39 Ports and Connectors VGA (Video Graphics Array) Minijack 39

40 Computer Bus!!! Bus Stop? 40

41 Computer Bus!!! Bus Stop? Flow of data from one component to another. Communication with the Brain of Computer. A bus is a collection of wires and connectors through which the data is transmitted. 41

42 Computer Bus!!! Bus Stop? The data bus: transfers actual data The address bus: transfers information about the data and where it should go 42

43 Computer Bus!!! Bus Stop? The size of a bus, known as its width, is important because it determines how much data can be transmitted at one time. 43

44 For example, A 32 bit bus has 32 wires or connectors A 16 bit bus has 16 wires or connectors can transmit 16 bits of data 44

45 Computer Bays Expansion bays and expansion slots are two components of a computer. While both slots are used to expand your computer capability. 45

46 Computer Bays Expansion bays, or drive bays, hold hard disks, floppy drives and CD drives 46

47 Computer Bays Expansion slots hold expansions for graphics, sound and connectivity. 47

48 Computer Bays Called drive bays, it is a spaces within your computer. To install drives. This is where the computer's hard disk, CD-ROM or DVD drive and floppy drive are stored. 48

49 Power Supply A power supply unit converts electric to low-voltage suitable to computer. (65-250watts) 49

50 Lots Of Love! 50