the internet of things runs on linux

Transcription

1 the internet of things runs on linux and why that s important Steven Burr Engineering Director, wot.io

2 what is the internet of things?

3 many things to many people

4 what is the iot? It s an evolution Machine- to- machine (M2M) has existed for decades It s valuable The Internet of Things is worth $14.4 trillion nearly the entire U.S. gross domestic product. ZDNet It s big billion connected devices by 2020 McKinsey & Company

5 how big was that? Nearly 30 billion connected devices in 5 years Everyday connected things will outnumber mobile phones in that time Source: The Internet of Things, MIT Technoloty Review, Business Report

6 iot the things of the internet of things

7 what sort of things? Health Care Logistics Energy / Utilities Public Infrastructure Building / Construction Transportation Retail / Consumer Industrial

8 what s in a thing? MPUs RAM Interfaces Capabilities vary greatly! Even JSON or HTML can be expensive!

9 what else is in a thing? Can categorize by interaction direction World to thing Sensors temperature, pressure, humidity, light, sound, motion, flow, chemical, etc. Thing to world Actuators, LEDs, switches, FPGAs, etc.

10 connecting to a thing Ethernet Sometimes Wireless Much more frequently Wifi, Bluetooth, LoRa, LoRaWAN, Cellular, Satellite, Zigbee, Bluetooth low energy, Cellular, Ethernet, Thread, Wi- fi, Zigbee IP, Zigbee NAN, 6LoWPAN, etc.

11 where are the things? Inside Outside On (or inside) our persons Industrial scenarios Mining facilities Outer space Off shore oil rigs Under water

12 implications Wireless usually a must Often ultra low power or passive Intermittent connectivity Processing limitations Memory constrained Security (physical and logical) Mostly stateless Cheap (even disposable)

13 who s making the things? Traditional product development Industrial engineers Systems integrators Makers (Kickstarter effect) Increasingly coming from software side Often think application first

14 a few example boards Raspberry Pi Arduino Beaglebone Black Intel Galileo, Edison Atmel Multitech B+B Electronics Freescale And hundreds more

15 and most of them run linux

16 so why linux for the things? Complexity and breadth of problem is tailor- made for modular solution Multiple technologies Multiple OEMs Multiple generations Multiple protocols Unix Philosophy can be summarized as Do one thing, do it well. Abridged version of Doug McIlroy s summary of the philosophy in Peter H. Salus's 1994 book A Quarter Century of Unix

17 so why linux for the things? Kernel + modules OS design is readily composable where resources are at a premium Don t need USB drivers? No problem Don t need Video drivers? No problem Don t need Wifi? No problem Module makers can choose how much time to spend creating finely tuned versions of the OS Concentrate on your thing

18 so why linux for the things? Familiar and proven toolchain compilers, editors, debuggers, shells, utilities Existing frameworks and components network stacks, standard libraries, processes, sockets, pipes, threading, security, crypto, Simplifies application porting Generally more accessible to the software- first newcomers

19 so why linux for the things? Because it s free and open source When you are building the first ever of its kind, it stands to reason you might need to tweak a thing or two! Because so many of its applications are free and open source See above! Free and open source is even spilling over into the hardware itself Arduino, Beaglebone Black, Particle Photon, etc.

20 iot the internet of the internet of things

21 what is the internet? RFC Architectural Principles of the Internet (1996) The Internet and its architecture have grown in evolutionary fashion from modest beginnings, rather than from a Grand Plan.

22 it s a network

23 but what is the internet? Loosely coupled, interconnected machines Multiple protocols HTTP, CoAP, MQTT, Web Sockets, AMQP, onem2m, LWM2M, UDP, TCP Collection of distributed applications

24 internet enables applications Enables whole classes of applications that haven t been imagined yet Google Apps, Office 365, Salesforce, Amazon, Netflix, Facebook, Twitter, etrading, Fantasy Football, Starcraft, YouTube, Go2Meeting, Twitch

25 provides abstraction Standardized protocols and network layers provide useful levels of abstraction Allows applications to focus on their unique functionality Do one thing, do it well.

26 microservices Deployable Dependency management - down to OS Scalable Unix philosophy - composability

27 docker containers Run multiple services on single host in Linux containers Package all dependencies Provide complete filesystem Custom OS Shared kernel

28 docker advantages Increased service density Already booted host means containers start quickly Portable Layered file system often means faster image downloads Version controllable image sources

29 other docker tools Docker registry Docker image management Docker machine Automated docker provisioning Docker swarm Host clustering and container scheduler Docker compose Multi- container applications

30 pulling it all together Or, how to make the IoT itself more like Linux

31 internet of things A loosely coupled network of connected devices and sensors and the applications with which they interact

32 internet of things Devices Device management Streams of data Microservices Devices Device drivers Files Processes

33 wait, we ve seen this before

34 in other words To truly enable the next generation of applications, the Internet of Things should start to look more like an operating environment. It should start to look more like Linux.

35 wot.io operating environment IoT and M2M Device Management & Connectivity Solutions IoT and M2M Applications Data Service Exchange Smart City Industrial Oil & Gas Health Care Building Automation MORE Device Management Platforms Horizontal Enterprise Consortium Semi Proprietary (thousands) MORE Device Management Platform API AMQP Data Flow Management Enterprise and Consumer Application Programmer Interface Container Management wot.io adapter framework HTTP Web Socket MQTT CoAP XMPP wot.io routing engine and message bus Service Discovery Authorization & Authentication UDP/TCP Metering & Monitoring Data Service Exchange API Device Management as a Service Big Data Store Scripting Reporting Stream Processing MORE

36 characteristic iot data Big Dirty Continuous or batch Time series Same One of the myths about the Internet of Things is that companies have all the data they need, but their real challenge is making sense of it. In reality, the cost of collecting some kinds of data remains too high, the quality of the data isn t always good enough, and it remains difficult to integrate multiple data sources. Chris Murphy, Editor, Information Week Often steady state with little variation (punctuated by divergences of extreme interest!) Different Heterogeneous or ephemeral networks lead to structured data with varying schemas

37 what kind of applications? Business Rules and Logic Analytics Visualization Reporting Storage NoSQL DBs and RDBMS, Log stores, Graph DBs Messaging

38 partners Connected Devices Infrastructure / Platforms Atmel B&B TI Intel onempower Device Management & Connectivity Device Data Processing IBM BlueMix System Integrators Elasticsearch + Kibana MongoDB + Pentaho MongoDB + Apache Solr

39 service adapters Productivity Social Developers Services Messaging MAT H FLOW CONTROL Analytics HTTP REQUESTS TEMPLATER Cryptocurrency

40 what kind of infrastructure? Dynamically provisioned virtual machines openstack (especially Nova and Swift) Other cloud platforms Provisioning of and to devices Configuration management Containerized services Docker Other container technologies

41 what kind of infrastructure? Message based Flexible schemas Instructions as data Flexible, declarative routing at scale Even more flexible than just pub/sub Pipelines: transformed data is also data Tools for reporting and analysis

42 what is docker lacking today? Better port and volume management Pulling images (swarm) Additional transport protocols Deeper support for IoT chips and modules Orchestration*

43 orchestration? My smart toaster and my smart coffee maker should cooperate so my bagel and my coffee are ready together Sensor data from traffic cameras should be routed to appropriate government agencies and services after processing, sanitization, transcoding. Some agencies forward to others. Some routes are ephemeral. In the world of IoT, no device or application is an island

44 case study Ship IoT with wot.io, Atmel, PubNub, bip.io, scriptr.io, and Circonus

45 block diagram Data Service Exchange TM and Operating Environment

46 bip.io Web API automation connectors to many popular web services Triggered by device data to perform series of actions Alternately, run on defined schedule

47 scriptr.io Route device data to pre- defined Javascripts Perform arbitrary business logic in cloud Contact other services or return data to data service exchange Github integration for version control

48 circonus Monitoring, graphing, analysis of device data Route device data to checks and graphs Visualize and analyze data graphically Embed graphs in other applications like dashboards

49 it bears repeating To truly enable the next generation of applications, the Internet of Things should start to look more like an operating environment. It should start to look more like Linux.

50 thank you