ABSTRACT KEYWORDS CONTENT

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1 ABSTRACT The present doctoral thesis contributes to extending the current knowledge in the field of product modularization, based on a study of sustainable business in the context of globalization risks. Supported by an extensive literature research, the study highlights in the first part the importance of product modularization for the development and improvement of companies, by highlighting the reasons why an organization implements product modularization and the opportunities and risks that result during this process. The second part explores the options of improvement of a business in the area of risk management, sustainability, process management and product modularization related to sustainable business purposes. The research methodology comprises the process evaluation method SPICE, a combination of written questionnaires and in-depth interviews used to define the appropriate process for the product modularization implementation and to identify the success factors for a smooth implementation of product modularization. Furthermore, a review of the product modularization as an aid in terms of product quality improvement, cost savings and the expanding of competitive edge is carried out in order to increase the knowledge for the long-term improvement of a sustainable company. The main research contributions of this doctoral thesis focus on the definition of product modularization as no unique tool for product quality improvement and cost minimization as well as success factors and the process of product modularization implementation, which can be used as a manual. KEYWORDS Product modularization, success factors of product modularization, sustainable business, risks of globalization, process management, process evaluation methods, Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination (SPICE) CONTENT Dedication List of abbreviations List of figures List of tables

2 Introduction Introduction with problem definition Objectives and research Methodology Acknowledgements PART I: CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE IN RESEARCH DESIGN 1. FUNDAMENTALS OF PRODUCT MODULARIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS 1.1. Definitions and definitions in relation to product modularization 1.2. Explanations regarding the terminology business process 1.3. Meaning of the term sustainable business in the context of the risks of globalization Definition of the term sustainability Sustainable Business in relation to the risks of globalization 1.4. Definitions of terms on the term corporate governance 1.5. Introduction to product modularization and focus on procurement 2. INCREASE IN THE IMPORTANCE OF MODULARIZATION DUE TO DIVERSITY AND COMPLEXITY AS WELL AS THE LIMITATIONS AND POTENTIAL OF PRODUCT MODULARIZATION IN CONTEXT TO OTHER EXISTING METHODS 2.1. Consideration of the point complexity and variety in the automotive industry Causes of complexity and variant diversity in products and processes Effects of complexity and variant diversity in products and processes Approaches to variant diversity in products and processes 2.2. Potentials and limitations / Challenges for product modularization Performance of product modularization potentials Presentation of the challenges / limitations to the use of product modularization 2.3. Defining product modularization to other existing methods Differentiation from modularization to repeat and identical part design as well as communalities Differentiation from modularization to platforms and modular construction Differentiation from modularization to series and variants

3 3. THE INVESTIGATION OF PROCESS MANAGEMENT AND THE DIFFERENT PROCESS EVALUATION METHODS 3.1. The definition of process management phases The process management phase process identification and documentation The process management phase of analysis and design The process management phases Implementation of the target process and controlling 3.2. The different quantitative and qualitative process evaluation methods The investigation of quantitative process evaluation methods in management The presentation of the qualitative process evaluation methods Overview of the process assessment investigation in the context of product modularization research PART II: PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND STUDIES 4. RESEARCHING WAYS TO IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABILITY, RISK MANAGEMENT AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT 4.1. Investigation of sustainable corporate governance in terms of influencing the sustainable outsourcing business Context of the investigation Objectives and methodology of the investigation Results regarding to the impact of sustainable corporate governance on the sustainable outsourcing business 4.2. Investigation of possibilities for improvement of a sustainable business as well as the connection between knowledge and information regarding the acceptance of product modularization Context of research Research objectives and methodology Potential for improvement of sustainable business and the correlation between knowledge and information regarding the acceptance of product modularization

4 4.3. Studies concerning the effects of the implementation of a risk and opportunity management system for product modularization on the example of the automotive industry Context of the study Objectives and methodology of the study Result of the research on the effects of implementing a risk and opportunity management system for product modularization using the automotive industry as an example 4.4. Study of sustainability in process management and its impact on product modularization Context of research Research objectives and methodology Result of research regarding a recognizable sustainability in process management 4.5. Investigation of the status of modular sourcing compared to other procurement methods Context of the investigation Objectives and methodology of the investigation Results regarding the identified relevance of modular sourcing compared to other sourcing methods 5. STUDY ON PRODUCT MODULARIZATION IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS AND THE MOTIVATION FOR PRODUCT MODULARIZATION 5.1. Study of the motivation for product modularization General context of the study Objectives and research methodology of the study Result of the research regarding a confirmation of the motivation product modularization 5.2. Study of product modularization in relation to sustainable business Context of research Objectives and research methodology Result of the research on the relationship product modularization and sustainable

5 6. POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS OF PRODUCT MODULARIZATION IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS 6.1. Evaluation of the product modularization process using the Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination method using the example of the automotive industry General context of the evaluation Objectives and methodology Identified process vulnerabilities using the Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination method Identification of the standard and short process of product modularization using the example of the automotive industry Implementation of actual process evaluation according to the software Process Improvement and Capability Determination Method 6.2. Identifying the success factors of product modularization General context of research Objectives and research methodology Identified success factors for product modularization Identify the quantitative assessment of internal success factors in the implementation of product modularization Identify the quantitative assessment of the negative impact of external factors in the implementation of product modularization Comparison of the relationships between the quantitative and qualitative results of the internal factors of success for product modularization Comparison of the quantitative and qualitative analysis results of the external negative aspects related to product modularization 6.3. Proposals for improving a product modularization process respected to sustainable business General context of research Objectives and research methodology Proposals for improvement of product modularization processes Identification of the opinion on the subject of product modularization by means of the questionnaire

6 Alignment of vulnerabilities and requirements for the new product modularization process Development of the recommended target normal and short process in relation to product modularization Implementation of the process evaluation of the new product modularization processes according to the Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination Method 6.4. Evaluation of product modularization as a tool for improving product quality and reducing costs related to the sustainable business Determining the correlation of all factors regarding product modularization Determining the correlation between cost share and various other factors related to product modularization Conclusions Contributions Bibliography Annexes Curriculum Vitae Personal Data Surname, Firstname: Buchmüller, Melanie Street: Schießtäle 39 Postcode/ Residence: Herrenberg Mobile: melaniebuchmueller@web.de Day/ Place of birth: / Herrenberg Marital: unmarried Nationality: German Study and education Februar The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest Doctorate in Economics/ Business Administration

7 October August 2012 November March 2010 October September 2009 September July 2006 Hochschule für Technik, Stuttgart Course Master General Management Graduation Master of Art with very good results (Grade of thesis 1.0) Harvard University, Boston MA (USA) Academic semester Participation in semester lectures in business administration Completion of an intensive language course (Level: High Intermediate) Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart Course Bachelor Business Administration in small and mediumsized companies Company of Cooperation: Autohaus Weeber GmbH Herrenberg Graduation Bachelor of Art (ECTS- Classification A) Graduation Bachelor of Honours (1 st Division) Award as the best student of the year Wilhelm-Schickard-Schule, Tübingen Wirtschaftsgymnasium Graduation from High School with good results Working experience and internships Februar Daimler AG, Böblingen PhD student in the field of strategic construction management and change management Professional experience in the staff of the purchasing management Analysis of the product modularization in the purchasing department with focus on success factors and process Contact person for the topic health in the purchasing department Administrator of an External Balanced Scorecard with appropriate supplier support October Hochschule für Technik, Stuttgart Lecturer in business administration Preparation and implementation of courses with regular updating of course contents Acceptance of tests at the University Preparation and conducting of case studies Januar Studienkreis GmbH, Herrenberg/ Tübingen Lecturer in mathematics, German, English, business administration / economics and physics

8 Preparation and implementation of tutoring lessons in individual and group lessons Creation of performance profiles of individual students Execution of regular parental interviews July December 2014 Preparations for the upcoming doctorate studies Status as a student Search for a doctoral supervisor October On-site appointments at various universities Complete the TOEFL test Daimler AG, Sindelfingen June 2013 Working student in the field of C-Class "Projects / Special Tasks" Project assistance with direct insight into the management level of a large corporation Supporting the implementation teams technically and organizationally Preparation, participation and follow-up for project management in the project HPV30 in the C-Class Sindelfingen, in particular evaluations, tables and diagrams October VFL- Herrenberg e.v., Herrenberg Youth coach in the field of track and field and auditor Preparation and execution of training sessions March Supervision during various competitions Organisation of various events Audit of cash management in the department track and field Daimler AG, Sindelfingen August 2012 Master student in the field of C-Class "Projects / Special Tasks" Title of the thesis "Implementation of an HPV30 reporting platform and implementation of an efficiency controlling tracking system" Project assistance with direct insight into the management level of a large corporation Analysis of the project HPV30 in the C-class Sindelfingen with focus on the project management process October Februar 2012 Porsche AG, Stuttgart Trainee in the department logistics- planning and control Independent securing of parts supply in direct contact with suppliers in Germany and abroad, as well as logistics service provider using monitoring systems

9 Tabular and graphical representation of various key figures (inventory controlling, on-time delivery of ET assemblies) Design and creation of presentations April September 2011 Daimler AG, Sindelfingen Working student in the field of spare parts purchasing Editing inquiries and creating quotation compilations Completion of a complex release database Controlling of the supplier contract management August Waldseilgarten, Herrenberg A-Trainer/ High ropes course trainer Execution safety and material briefings for guests Experience as a team leader Personal care of the guest which are climbing October September 2009 Autohaus Weeber GmbH, Herrenberg DHBW student Development of a balanced scorecard Implementation and establishment of a continuous improvement process Supervisor of the event for the Golf VI introduction (external and internal) Introduction of a new dealership marketing concept for a new market Long-term stays abroad October December 2013 August October 2012 August 2011 November March 2010 Australia, New South Wales/ Queensland/ Northern Territory/ Western Australia Australia, New South Wales/ Victoria/ South Australia/ Western Australia Australia, Western Australia/ North Territory/ South Australia Harvard University, Boston MA (USA) Academic semester Special training / knowledge and social commitment Computer skills: MS Office (very good) Lotus Notes (Basic knowledge) SAP (Basic knowledge)

10 Languages: German (Native speaker) English (good) French (Basic knowledge) Seminars: MS Excel course "Advanced Intensive" completed (2012) Hobbies: Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) certificate passed at the TÜV SÜD Academy in Munich (2011) Apprenticeship exam at the Stuttgart Chamber of Crafts (2008) Music (Playing flute in the organisation Stadtkapelle Herrenberg) Sport (Doing Track and field in the association VFL-Herrenberg) Cultural and city trips Social commitment: Member of Panda Automotive (since 2018) University Ambassador for Daimler AG (since 2018) Member of the board of doctorate representatives of Daimler AG "DaimlerDoks Kernteam" (since 2017) Youth coach and auditor of the department track and field in the organisation VFL Herrenberg (since 2012)