The [HTML] Element p. 61 The [HEAD] Element p. 62 The [TITLE] Element p. 63 The [BODY] Element p. 66 HTML Elements p. 66 Core Attributes p.

Transcription

1 Acknowledgments p. xix Preface p. xxi Web Basics Introduction to HTML p. 3 Basic HTML Concepts p. 4 HTML: A Structured Language p. 7 Overview of HTML Markup p. 11 Logical and Physical HTML p. 13 What HTML Is Not p. 15 Summary p. 17 Web Publishing p. 19 What Is Good Web Design? p. 20 The Process of Web Publishing p. 23 Determining Purpose p. 24 Who Is the Audience? p. 25 Who Will Pay for It? p. 26 Defining Goals p. 27 Defining Scope p. 28 Organization of Information p. 29 Determining the Site Plan p. 36 Implementation p. 37 Gathering and Creating the Content p. 37 Visual Design p. 38 Technology Design p. 38 Producing the HTML p. 39 Testing p. 42 Maintenance p. 44 The Phases of Web Site Development p. 45 HTML's Role in the Web p. 45 Historical Roots of HTML p. 46 Mosaic: The Web Community Changes p. 47 The Rise of Netscape p. 48 The Market Matures: Microsoft Enters p. 49 From Pages to Programs p. 49 Issues Facing HTML and the Web p. 50 Summary p. 51 Introduction to Common HTML p. 53 HTML Overview p. 54 HTML Rules and Guidelines p. 55 The Structure of HTML Documents p. 59 Document Types p. 60

2 The [HTML] Element p. 61 The [HEAD] Element p. 62 The [TITLE] Element p. 63 The [BODY] Element p. 66 HTML Elements p. 66 Core Attributes p. 66 Language Attributes p. 68 Core Events p. 68 Block-Level Elements p. 69 Text-Level Elements p. 94 Character Entities p. 100 Summary p. 103 Links and Addressing p. 105 Linking Basics p. 106 What Are URLs? p. 109 Basic Concepts p. 110 Formula for a URL p. 118 Relative URLs p. 127 Linking in HTML p. 129 The Anchor Element p. 129 Link Renderings p. 132 Anchor Attributes p. 133 Using the NAME Attribute p. 134 TITLE Attributes for Anchors p. 136 Accelerator Keys p. 138 TABINDEX Attribute p. 139 TARGET Attribute p. 139 Anchors and Link Relationships p. 140 Scripting and Anchors p. 140 Images and Anchors p. 141 Image Maps p. 142 Server-Side Image Maps p. 143 Client-Side Image Maps p. 144 Image Map Attributes p. 149 Semantic Linking with the [LINK] Element p. 154 Link Relationships in Detail p. 154 WebTV Support for [LINK] p. 160 [LINK] and Style Sheets p. 160 Meta-Information p. 161 [META] and the NAME Attribute p. 162 META and HTTP-EQUIP p. 163

3 Client-Pull p. 164 Site Filtering p. 164 Linking Issues p. 168 Beyond Location p. 170 Problems with URLs p. 170 URNs, URCs, and URIs p. 171 New URL Forms p. 173 Summary p. 174 HTML and Images p. 175 The Role of Images on the Web p. 176 Image Preliminaries p. 177 GIF Images p. 179 JPEG Images p. 186 PNG Images p. 187 Other Useful Image Formats p. 187 Image Downloading Issues p. 187 Obtaining Images p. 189 HTML Image Basics p. 191 ALT Attribute p. 192 Image Alignment p. 196 HSPACE and VSPACE p. 200 Extensions to [BR] p. 202 HEIGHT and WIDTH p. 205 LOWSRC p. 206 Images as Buttons p. 207 Image Maps p. 209 Server-Side Image Maps p. 209 Client-Side Image Maps p. 210 Advanced Image Considerations: Scripting, Style, and [OBJECT] p. 211 Summary p. 212 Presentation and Layout Introduction to Layout: Backgrounds, Colors, and Text p. 215 Design Requirements p. 216 HTML Approach to Web Design p. 217 Text Alignment with Traditional HTML Elements p. 217 The [CENTER] Element p. 219 Alignment Attributes p. 219 Word Hinting with [NOBR] and [WBR] p. 219 Alignment with Images p. 220 Invisible Images and Layout p. 221 The [SPACER] Element p. 222

4 The [MULTICOL] Element p. 224 Fonts p. 227 Document-Wide Font Settings p. 229 Downloadable Fonts p. 230 Netscape's Dynamic Fonts p. 231 Microsoft's Dynamic Fonts p. 232 Colors in HTML p. 233 Document-Wide Color Attributes for [BODY] p. 235 Background Images p. 237 Internet Explorer Background Attributes p. 240 Summary p. 241 Layout with Tables p. 243 Introduction to Tables p. 244 Simple Tables p. 244 ROWSPAN and COLSPAN p. 246 Tables for Layout p. 249 Tables in HTML 4 p. 256 [TABLE] Elements p. 259 Databinding: Tables Generated from a Data Source p. 259 Summary p. 263 Advanced Layout: Frames and Layers p. 265 Frames p. 266 Overview of Frames p. 267 Simple Frame Example p. 267 Frame Targeting p. 272 Floating Frames p. 275 Using Frames p. 276 Frame Problems p. 277 Layers p. 278 Positioned Layers p. 279 Inflow Layers p. 281 Interesting Uses of Layers p. 283 Programming Layers p. 286 Summary p. 287 HTML and Other Media Types p. 289 HTML and Binary Objects p. 290 Plug-Ins and [EMBED] p. 290 ActiveX Controls and [OBJECT] p. 292 Java Applets p. 293 Media-Like Element: [MARQUEE] p. 295 Audio Support in Browsers p. 297

5 Digital Sound Basics p. 298 Audio File Formats and Compression p. 298 Downloading and Playing Audio p. 298 Video Support p. 308 Digital Video Basics p. 309 Video File Formats and Compression p. 309 Waiting for Video p. 309 Other Video Formats p. 322 Other Binary Formats p. 322 Flash p. 323 Acrobat p. 325 Summary p. 326 Style Sheets p. 327 The Rise of Style p. 328 Style Sheet Basics p. 329 Adding Style to a Document p. 330 Style Sheet Example p. 342 Style Sheet Properties p. 344 Font Properties p. 344 Color and Background Properties p. 351 Text Properties p. 356 Box Properties p. 361 Classification Properties p. 374 Positioning with Style Sheets p. 378 Positioning and Sizing of Regions p. 379 CSS2: New Feature Summary p. 386 Media Types p. 386 User Interface Changes p. 389 Microsoft-Specific Style Sheet Properties p. 397 Filters p. 397 Summary p. 404 Programming and HTML Basic Interactivity and HTML: Forms p. 407 How Are Forms Used? p. 408 Form Preliminaries p. 409 The [FORM] Element p. 410 ACTION Attribute p. 410 METHOD Attribute p. 411 NAME Attribute p. 413 ENCTYPE Attribute p. 414 Simple [FORM] Syntax p. 415

6 Complete [FORM] Syntax p. 416 Form Controls p. 419 Text Controls p. 419 Additional [INPUT] Types p. 433 New and Emerging Form Elements p. 438 [BUTTON] Element p. 438 Labels p. 439 [FIELDSET] p. 439 Form Accessibility Enhancements p. 441 Miscellaneous HTML 4 Form Attributes p. 443 Form Presentation p. 443 Special Form Considerations for WebTV p. 448 Forms and Events p. 448 Summary p. 451 Introduction to Server-Side Programming p. 453 Overview of Client/Server Programming on the Web p. 454 Server-Side Programming p. 457 Common Gateway Interface (CGI) p. 458 CGI Output p. 461 Passing Information to a CGI Program: Environment Variables p. 464 Passing Information to a CGI Program: Form Data p. 468 Writing CGI Programs p. 470 Buying or Borrowing CGI Programs p. 471 NSAPI/ISAPI p. 472 Parsed HTML Solutions: Server-Side Scripting p. 472 Server-Side Includes (SSIs) p. 473 ColdFusion p. 479 Using CFML p. 479 CFML Summary p. 488 Active Server Pages (ASP) p. 490 Creating ASP Pages p. 491 Summary p. 496 Introduction to Scripting and HTML p. 497 The Purpose of Scripting p. 498 JavaScript p. 499 VBScript p. 502 Including Scripts in an HTML Document p. 504 Specifying the Scripting Language p. 508 External Scripts p. 509 Scripting and Non-Script-Aware Browsers p. 510 [NOSCRIPT] p. 511

7 Script Events and HTML p. 512 Extended Event Models p. 518 Form Validation in JavaScript p. 529 Summary p. 533 Dynamic HTML (DHTML) p. 535 Dynamic HTML and the Document Object Model p. 536 Object Models p. 539 HTML and Scripting Access p. 542 Rollover Buttons p. 547 Style Sheet-Based Rollovers p. 549 Moving Objects with DHTML p. 551 Ramifications of DHTML p. 557 Summary p. 558 Client-Side Programming and HTML p. 559 Scripting, Programming, and Objects p. 560 Plug-Ins p. 561 [EMBED] Syntax p. 563 Java Applets p. 569 [APPLET] Syntax p. 572 Java and Scripting p. 574 Using Java Without Programming p. 577 ActiveX Controls p. 578 Adding Controls to Web Pages p. 580 Cross-Platform Support with Plug-Ins and ActiveX Controls p. 588 The Future of [OBJECT] p. 590 Summary p. 590 Site Delivery Putting It All Together: Delivering the Web Site p. 595 Publishing the Site p. 596 Outsourcing Web Hosting p. 596 Virtual Hosting p. 599 Running a Local Web Server p. 600 Selecting a Web Server p. 600 How Web Servers Work p. 604 HTTP p. 605 MIME p. 621 Speed and State Problems with HTTP p. 622 The Realities of Publishing and Maintaining a Web Site p. 623 Summary p. 623 New Horizons XML: Beyond HTML p. 627

8 Relationship Among HTML, SGML, and XML p. 628 Basic XML p. 630 Valid Documents p. 632 Ways to Use XML p. 638 XML for Data Files p. 638 Embedding XML into HTML Documents p. 640 Converting XML to HTML for Display p. 643 Displaying XML Documents by Using CSS and XSL p. 645 Rewriting HTML as XML p. 649 Predicting the Future of XML p. 651 Summary p. 652 Future Directions p. 653 Presentation Issues p. 654 Programming Issues p. 655 Structure p. 658 Web-Wide Problems p. 661 Application-Specific Presentation p. 663 What Is the Future of HTML? p. 664 Summary p. 665 Appendixes HTML Element Reference p. 669 Core Attributes Reference p. 670 CLASS p. 670 ID p. 670 STYLE p. 671 TITLE p. 671 Language Reference p. 672 LANG p. 672 DIR p. 672 Events Reference p. 672 Extended Events p. 672 HTML Element Reference p. 681 [! ] (Comment) p. 681 [!DOCTYPE] (Document Type Definition) p. 682 [A] (Anchor) p. 683 [ABBR] (Abbreviation) p. 688 [ACRONYM] (Acronym) p. 689 [ADDRESS] (Address) p. 691 [APPLET] (Java Applet) p. 693 [AREA] (Image Map Area) p. 696 [AUDIOSCOPE] (Sound Amplitude Display) p. 700

9 [B] (Bold) p. 701 [BASE] (Base URL) p. 703 [BASEFONT] (Base Font) p. 704 [BDO] (Bidirectional Override) p. 706 [BGSOUND] (Background Sound) p. 707 [BIG] (Big Font) p. 708 [BLACKFACE] (Blackface Font) p. 710 [BLINK] (Blinking Text Display) p. 710 [BLOCKQUOTE] (Block Quote) p. 711 [BODY] (Document Body) p. 713 [BQ] (Block Quote) p. 717 [BR] (Line Break) p. 718 [BUTTON] (Form Button) p. 719 [CAPTION] (Figure or Table Caption) p. 722 [CENTER] (Center Alignment) p. 725 [CITE] (Citation) p. 726 [CODE] (Code Listing) p. 728 [COL] (Column) p. 730 [COLGROUP] (Column Group) p. 732 [COMMENT] (Comment Information) p. 734 [DD] (Definition in a Definition List) p. 735 [DEL] (Deleted Text) p. 737 [DFN] (Defining Instance of a Term) p. 739 [DIR] (Directory List) p. 741 [DIV] (Division) p. 743 [DL] (Definition List) p. 746 [DT] (Term in a Definition List) p. 748 [EM] (Emphasis) p. 750 [EMBED] (Embedded Object) p. 752 [FIELDSET] (Form Field Set) p. 755 [FN] (Footnote) p. 757 [FONT] (Font Definition) p. 758 [FORM] (Form for User Input) p. 760 [FRAME] (Window Region) p. 763 [FRAMESET] (Frameset Definition) p. 766 [H1] Through [H6] (Headings) p. 770 [HEAD] (Document Head) p. 772 [HR] (Horizontal Rule) p. 774 [HTML] (HTML Document) p. 776 [I] (Italic) p. 777 [IFRAME] (Floating Frame) p. 779

10 [ILAYER] (Inflow Layer) p. 782 [IMG] (Image) p. 784 [INPUT] (Input Form Control) p. 789 [INS] (Inserted Text) p. 794 [ISINDEX] (Index Prompt) p. 797 [KBD] (Keyboard Input) p. 799 [LABEL] (Form Control Label) p. 800 [LAYER] (Content Layers) p. 803 [LEGEND] (Field Legend) p. 806 [LI] (List Item) p. 808 [LINK] (Link to External Files or Set Relationships) p. 810 [LISTING] (Code Listing) p. 814 [MAP] (Client-Side Image Map) p. 815 [MARQUEE] (Marquee Display) p. 817 [MENU] (Menu List) p. 821 [META] (Meta-Information) p. 823 [MULTICOL] (Multiple Column Text) p. 825 [NOBR] (No Breaks) p. 827 [NOEMBED] (No Embedded Media Support) p. 828 [NOFRAMES] (No Frame Support Content) p. 829 [NOSCRIPT] (No Script Support Content) p. 830 [OBJECT] (Embedded Object) p. 832 [OL] (Ordered List) p. 837 [OPTGROUP] (Option Grouping) p. 839 [OPTION] (Option in Selection List) p. 841 [P] (Paragraph) p. 843 [PARAM] (Object Parameter) p. 846 [PLAINTEXT] (Plain Text) p. 848 [PRE] (Preformatted Text) p. 850 [Q] (Quote) p. 852 [S] (Strikethrough) p. 854 [SAMP] (Sample Text) p. 855 [SCRIPT] (Scripting) p. 857 [SELECT] (Selection List) p. 860 [SMALL] (Small Text) p. 864 [SPACER] (Extra Space) p. 866 [SPAN] (Text Span) p. 867 [STRIKE] (Strikeout Text) p. 869 [STRONG] (Strong Emphasis) p. 871 [STYLE] (Style Information) p. 873 [SUB] (Subscript) p. 875

11 [SUP] (Superscript) p. 877 [TABLE] (Table) p. 879 [TBODY] (Table Body) p. 885 [TD] (Table Data) p. 888 [TEXTAREA] (Multiline Text Input) p. 893 [TFOOT] (Table Footer) p. 898 [TH] (Table Header) p. 900 [THEAD] (Table Header) p. 905 [TITLE] (Document Title) p. 908 [TR] (Table Row) p. 909 [TT] (Teletype Text) p. 912 [U] (Underline) p. 914 [UL] (Unordered List) p. 915 [VAR] (Variable) p. 918 [WBR] (Word Break) p. 919 [XML] (XML Data Island) p. 921 [XMP] (Example) p. 922 Style Sheet Reference p. 925 Style Sheet Terms p. 926 Embedded Styles p. 926 Inline Styles p. 927 Linked Styles p. 927 Imported Styles p. 927 Selectors p. 928 Rules p. 930 Grouping p. 931 Inheritance p. 931 Pseudoclasses p. 931 A:active p. 931 A:link p. 932 A:visited p. 932 Pseudoelements p. 932 first-letter p. 932 first-line p. 933 Miscellaneous p. 933 /* comments */ p. 933! Important p. 934 Fonts p. 934 font-family p. 934 font-size p. 936 font-style p. 940

12 font-weight p. 942 font-variant p. 943 text-transform p. 944 text-decoration p. 946 font p. 948 Text p. 948 word-spacing p. 948 letter-spacing p. 949 line-height p. 949 text-align p. 950 vertical-align p. 951 text-indent p. 953 Colors and Backgrounds p. 954 color p. 954 background-color p. 954 background-image p. 955 background-repeat p. 956 background-attachment p. 957 background-position p. 958 background p. 961 Layout p. 966 Margins p. 966 Borders p. 968 Padding p. 976 width p. 978 height p. 978 float p. 979 clear p. 980 Layers and Positioning p. 982 position p. 982 width p. 984 height p. 984 clip p. 984 overflow p. 984 z-index p. 985 visibility p. 986 Classification p. 987 display p. 987 white-space p. 988 list-style-type p. 989 list-style-image p. 992

13 list-style-position p. 993 list-style p. 993 Style Sheet Measurement Values p. 993 % p. 993 cm p. 994 em p. 994 ex (x-height) p. 994 in p. 995 mm p. 995 pc p. 995 pt p. 996 px p. 996 Style Sheet Color Values p. 996 Named Color Values p. 996 Six-Digit Hexadecimal Color Values p. 997 Three-Digit Hexadecimal Color Values p. 997 RGB Color Values p. 997 RGB Color Values Using Percentages p. 998 Special Characters p. 999 "Standard" HTML Character Entities p HTML 4 Character Entities p Latin Extended-A p Latin Extended-B p Spacing Modifier Letters p General Punctuation p Greek p Letter-Like Symbols p Arrows p Mathematical Operators p Technical Symbols p Geometric Shapes p Miscellaneous Symbols p Fonts p Fonts for Microsoft Platforms and Browsers p Fonts for Apple Macintosh System 7 p Fonts for Unix Systems p Color Names and Hexadecimal Codes p Reading a Document Type Definition p Declarations p Element Type Declarations p Attribute List Declarations p. 1047

14 SGML Keywords p Parameter Entities p General Entities p Comments p Marked Section Declaration p HTML 4 Transitional DTD p HTML 4 Strict DTD p HTML 4 Frameset DTD p Index p Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.