Table Of Contents. Getting Started Related Topics... 10

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1 ScienceDirect Help

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3 Table Of Contents Getting Started... 1 Related Topics... 1 Home Page Overview... 3 ScienceDirect Home Page... 3 Navigation Bar... 3 Related Topics... 4 Browser Requirements and Preferences... 5 Related Topics... 6 About the Online Help... 7 Using the Help... 7 Help Features... 7 Related Topics... 8 About the Tutorials... 9 Related Topics Home Page Overview ScienceDirect Home Page Navigation Bar Related Topics Registering and Logging In Registering and Logging In to ScienceDirect Logging In Using Your Athens or Institutional Account Logging in to ScienceDirect Activating Your Personal ScienceDirect Account Activating Your Athens Login Activating Your Athens Login (Optional Information) Activating Personalization Features for Your Institutional Login Activating Personalization Features for Your Institutional Login (Optional Information) Quick Search Quick Search Quick Search Tips Browsing Browsing Publications Alphabetically Browsing Publications by Subject Browsing Favorite Publications Browsing Open Documents iii

4 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Journals and Books Selecting Subject Areas Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons Glossary Definitions Navigating Glossary Search Results Navigating Subject Index Search Results Navigating Subject Index Entries Searching Searching ScienceDirect Reviewing Journal and Book Search Results Searching All Sources Searching Journals Searching Books Searching Reference Works Search History Search Tips Refining Searches Recalling a Search Reviewing Search Results Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons Searching FAQs Publications Browsing Journals and Books Journal FAQs Article FAQs Performing an Advanced Journals Search Performing an Advanced Books Search Navigating Article Lists Reference Works Documents Opening Documents Browsing Open Documents Refining Document Lists Creating a Digital Object Identifier Link Obtaining Adobe Acrobat Reader Viewing Full Abstracts or the Article List Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons iv

5 Table Of Contents Article FAQs Purchasing Documents ing Exporting My Settings Managing Your Settings Viewing Purchased Documents Accessing Alerts Managing Favorites Modifying Your Settings and Preferences Changing Your Password Viewing Subscription Information and Content Coverage Alerts Accessing Alerts Alerts FAQs Search Alerts Volume/Issue Alerts Citation Alerts Topic Alerts Shopping Cart Using the Shopping Cart Adding Documents to Your Shopping Cart Opening Documents in Your Shopping Cart Viewing Purchased Documents Viewing Purchase History Secure Sockets Layer Transactions Customizing ScienceDirect Favorites Quick Links Accessing Alerts About RSS Recent Actions Bookmarking Pages Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions Administrator and Librarian FAQs Alerts FAQs v

6 ScienceDirect Help Article FAQs Author FAQs Error Messages FAQs Exporting and ing Citations FAQs Journal FAQs Registering and Logging In FAQs Electronic Holdings Report FAQs ScienceDirect Content, Linking, and Software FAQs Searching FAQs Contacting Us Glossary Index vi

7 Getting Started Related Topics Information for New Subscribers Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Managing Your Profile Accessing Alerts Using the Shopping Cart Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 1

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9 Home Page Overview ScienceDirect is the world's largest electronic collection of science, technology and medicine full text and bibliographic information. It offers a wide variety of features and content. For more information about ScienceDirect, see the ScienceDirect InfoSite. For help using ScienceDirect, contact E-Helpdesk. Contact information for E-Helpdesk is available on the ScienceDirect INFO site. ScienceDirect Home Page The ScienceDirect home page is your gateway to ScienceDirect functionality and information. When you are logged in to ScienceDirect, the following features are available from the home page: Browse Documents by Title or Subject Link to favorite journals and books Use the Navigation Bar to Access Features Add Quick Links View Recent Actions Open and Close Home Page Sections Perform a Quick Search Access the Shopping Cart and Online Help Browser Requirements and Preferences How to Obtain the Adobe Acrobat Reader Overview of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Encryption Navigation Bar The navigation bar, available at the top of most pages in ScienceDirect, provides quick access to the following features: Click Home or Home + Recent Actions to return to the ScienceDirect home page from anywhere in the program. Note If you are not logged in to ScienceDirect, Home will display instead of Home + Recent Actions. 3

10 ScienceDirect Help Click Browse to browse all available journal and book titles. Click Search to search our collection. Click My Settings to view or modify your account information and personalize ScienceDirect. Click Alerts to add and view a list of your search, citation, topic, and volume/issue alerts. Click Shopping Cart to view your cart. The Shopping Cart allows you to purchase multiple documents with a single credit card transaction. Note You must be logged in to ScienceDirect to access your Shopping Cart, and your institution's subscription must permit Shopping Cart purchases. Click Help for instructions and information specific to the ScienceDirect page you are viewing. Tutorials are available to demonstrate ScienceDirect tasks. To close a section Click the sign next to that section. The section will close. To open a section Click the sign next to that section. The section will open. The next time you log in to ScienceDirect, we will remember your home page preferences. Return to top Related Topics Getting Started Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 4

11 Browser Requirements and Preferences ScienceDirect is fully compatible with the following browsers running on Microsoft Windows operating systems: Mozilla Firefox or newer Microsoft Internet Explorer version 5.0 or newer Netscape Navigator version 7.0 or newer Note We do not support beta or test versions of the browsers. ScienceDirect is only fully tested on these browsers running on Microsoft Windows operating systems. Therefore, we can only guarantee full functionality to customers running these browsers on a Microsoft Windows operating system. Other browsers and operating systems may also be able to access full ScienceDirect functionality; however, ScienceDirect E-Helpdesk cannot provide expert advice or technical support to solve problems you may encounter when using these systems. For the best results, we recommend setting the following browser preferences: JavaScript To access many new features, JavaScript must be an enabled preference on your browser. Cookies To login, cookies must be an enabled preference on your browser. Using cookies lets us provide a more secure method of authenticating your login. The cookies are cleared from your browser when you close the browser session. To access the cookies setting on your browser o o o In Netscape Navigator 6.x and 7.x, select Preferences from the Edit menu. From the Privacy and Security category, select Cookies and then select Enable all cookies. In Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.x, select Security and then select Custom Level from the Tools menu. From the Privacy tab, select Accept All Cookies. In Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.x, select Internet Options from the Tools menu, and then select Privacy. From the Privacy tab, select Accept All Cookies. 5

12 ScienceDirect Help o o o In Microsoft Internet Explorer 7.x, select Internet Options from the Tools menu, and then select Privacy. Privacy settings up to Medium-High are compatible with ScienceDirect In Mozilla Firefox 1.x, select Options from the Tools menu, and then select Privacy. From the Privacy tab, select Cookies. In Mozilla Firefox 2.x, select Options from the Tools menu, and then select Privacy. On the Privacy tab, select Accept Cookies. Note To take advantage of ScienceDirect s Remember me on this computer feature, please ensure that the setting under Private Data labelled Always clear my private data when I close Firefox is not selected. Related Topics Getting Started ScienceDirect Overview JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Mozilla Firefox is a registered trademark of the Mozilla Foundation. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 6

13 About the Online Help Online Help is available for the various tasks you may perform. On the navigation bar, click viewing in ScienceDirect. Using the Help for instructions or information related to the page you are Icon Definition Click the Table of Contents icon to open the Help Table of Contents and browse a list of hierarchical Help topics. Click a topic in the Table of Contents to view it in the Help window. Click the Index icon to open the Help Index and browse Help topics based on keywords. Click the Search icon to open the Help search screen. You can use search to locate topics in the Help. Click the Glossary icon to open the Glossary which lists definitions of terms used in the Help. Click to browse ScienceDirect frequently asked questions. Help Features Feature Definition Help Links Italic text Links to additional Help pages or external sites appear throughout the Help. Italic text indicates that the actual text or label in ScienceDirect may vary depending on its context. For Example The PDF link on the search results page lists the file size in the link text. Since the file size varies for every PDF, the Help uses the variable (file_size) as the name for the PDF link. 7

14 ScienceDirect Help Courier text Tutorial Links Courier text indicates text that is typed into the application. This type of text is used frequently in examples. Links to tutorials display in certain Help topics. Click a tutorial link to open the tutorial in a new browser window. Tutorials are also available in different languages. Click the language links to view a list of tutorials in different languages. The green arrow indicates expanding text is available. Click the expanding text link to view additional text. Show Me The Show Me link indicates that an image is available. Click Show Me to view the image. The The image indicates warning or caution text. image indicates reference information about a topic. Related Topics Getting Started About the Tutorials Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 8

15 About the Tutorials A number of tutorials are available from the online Help. In order to view the tutorials, you must have JavaScript enabled for your browser, and you must have the latest version of the Macromedia Flash Player, which you may download free of charge from the Macromedia web site. Click the Flash Player icon for downloading instructions. If you are using an assistance device, such as a screen reader, your device automatically reads a text version of the tutorials. Note If you try to access the tutorials, but you do not have JavaScript enabled or you do not have the correct version of the Macromedia Flash Player, the application prompts you to view a text version of the tutorial. The ScienceDirect tutorials are available in other languages. Click here for more information. The ScienceDirect Tutorial Menu allows you to access the following tutorials: The ScienceDirect Tutorial Menu allows you to access the following tutorials: Registering and Logging In Shows how to complete registration information and log in to ScienceDirect. Performing an Advanced Search Shows how to perform an advanced search and describes the search history table. Performing an Expert Search Shows how to perform an expert search and describes the search history table. Reviewing Search Results Shows the options available from the search results list, including sorting the list of documents, searching within the search results, editing the search, saving the search, creating a search alert, ing documents, and exporting citations. Reviewing Documents Shows the types of document links available and how to browse each type of link. In addition, this tutorial describes the options available from an open document. Browsing Publications Shows how to browse journals, book series, handbooks, and reference works. 9

16 ScienceDirect Help Creating Alerts Shows how to add and maintain search alerts, volume/issue alerts, citation alerts, and topic alerts. Personalizing Your Account Shows how to personalize your account by creating a list of favorite journal and book titles, creating alerts, modifying your personal details and preferences, and changing your password. In addition, it shows you how to access information about your subscription. Related Topics Getting Started Information for New Subscribers About the Online Help JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Macromedia and Macromedia Flash are trademarks or registered trademarks of Macromedia Inc., in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 10

17 Home Page Overview ScienceDirect is the world's largest electronic collection of science, technology and medicine full text and bibliographic information. It offers a wide variety of features and content. For more information about ScienceDirect, see the ScienceDirect InfoSite. For help using ScienceDirect, contact E-Helpdesk. Contact information for E-Helpdesk is available on the ScienceDirect INFO site. ScienceDirect Home Page The ScienceDirect home page is your gateway to ScienceDirect functionality and information. When you are logged in to ScienceDirect, the following features are available from the home page: Browse Documents by Title or Subject Link to favorite journals and books Use the Navigation Bar to Access Features Add Quick Links View Recent Actions Open and Close Home Page Sections Perform a Quick Search Access the Shopping Cart and Online Help Browser Requirements and Preferences How to Obtain the Adobe Acrobat Reader Overview of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Encryption Navigation Bar The navigation bar, available at the top of most pages in ScienceDirect, provides quick access to the following features: Click Home or Home + Recent Actions to return to the ScienceDirect home page from anywhere in the program. Note If you are not logged in to ScienceDirect, Home will display instead of Home + Recent Actions. 11

18 ScienceDirect Help Click Browse to browse all available journal and book titles. Click Search to search our collection. Click My Settings to view or modify your account information and personalize ScienceDirect. Click Alerts to add and view a list of your search, citation, topic, and volume/issue alerts. Click Shopping Cart to view your cart. The Shopping Cart allows you to purchase multiple documents with a single credit card transaction. Note You must be logged in to ScienceDirect to access your Shopping Cart, and your institution's subscription must permit Shopping Cart purchases. Click Help for instructions and information specific to the ScienceDirect page you are viewing. Tutorials are available to demonstrate ScienceDirect tasks. To close a section Click the sign next to that section. The section will close. To open a section Click the sign next to that section. The section will open. The next time you log in to ScienceDirect, we will remember your home page preferences. Return to top Related Topics Getting Started Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 12

19 Registering and Logging In Registering and Logging In to ScienceDirect A Login link is available at the top of almost any page within ScienceDirect until you log in. Registering Logging In Logging Out Registration Click Register or Not Registered? in the Login box to register for ScienceDirect. Return to top Log In To log in to ScienceDirect, choose one of the following options: Login: If you have a ScienceDirect user name and password, enter them in the appropriate fields of the Login box. Note Click the Login link or the (+) symbol to expand the Login box (if needed). To be automatically logged in to ScienceDirect on this computer, select Remember me on this computer. You will be remembered for 90 days. If you are using a public computer, choosing Remember me on this computer could allow other people to access ScienceDirect using your login. To prevent this, click the Logout link to end your ScienceDirect session or do not use the Remember Me feature. Note You will no longer be remembered on this machine, if you: 13

20 ScienceDirect Help Delete the cookies on this machine. Click the Logout link. Change your password. Athens Login: Click the Athens Login link to log in using your Athens account. The Athens Login link only appears if you have used your Athens account on this computer before. Athens/Institution Login: Click the Athens/Institution Login link to select Athens or your institution, and then log in using your Athens or institutional login. Institution Login: Click the Institution Login link to log in using your institutional login. Note The Institution Login link only appears if you have logged in through your institution on this computer before. The name of the Institution link varies depending on the institution you last used to log in. For example, if you logged in to ScienceDirect on this computer through "ABC University", the link will be called "ABC University". Athens/Other Institution Login: Click the Athens/Other Institution Login link to select Athens or your institution, and then log in using your Athens or institutional login. Note The Athens/Other Institution Login link only appears if you have logged in through an institution on this computer before. Activate Personalization: Click the Activate Personalization link to personalize your ScienceDirect account. The Activate Personalization link will only appear if you are logged in to ScienceDirect, personalization is available to you, and you have not already personalized your account. Return to top Log Out Once you are logged in, a Logout link appears in the top right corner of the page. Clicking the Logout link ends your personal session. Note If you selected Remember me on this computer when you logged in, clicking Logout will clear that option. Your login will no longer be remembered. Return to top 14

21 Registering and Logging In Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 15

22 ScienceDirect Help Logging In Using Your Athens or Institutional Account Athens/Other Institute Login The Login via Athens or Your Institution page will display. Select the region or group that includes your institution. Note To view a list of all available institutions, click View All Institutions. Click Go. (If you have JavaScript enabled, you do not have to click Go.) A list of available institutions will display. Click the link for your institution. You will be directed to your institution's login page. Note If your institution does not appear in the list, it is not set up to access ScienceDirect. If you believe your institution should be in the list, contact your librarian or information specialist. If you have forgotten your institutional login, contact your librarian or information specialist for assistance. Return to top Athens is a registered trademark of EduServ. JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 16

23 Registering and Logging In Logging in to ScienceDirect If you have been prompted to log in, complete the following steps: 1. In User Name, enter your user name. Your user name is case-sensitive. 2. In Password, enter your password. Your password is case-sensitive. 3. To be automatically logged in to ScienceDirect on this computer, select Remember me on this computer. You will be remembered for 90 days. If you are using a public computer, choosing Remember me on this computer could allow other people to access ScienceDirect using your login. To prevent this, click the Logout link to end your ScienceDirect session or do not use the Remember Me feature. Note You will no longer be remembered on this machine, if you: Delete the cookies on this machine. Click the Logout link. Change your password. 4. Click Submit or to log in. Once you are logged in, the page you were trying to access will display. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous page without logging in. Retrieve Your Forgotten User Name or Password: 1. Click Forgotten User Name Or Password. OR Click Forgotten password? in the Login box. The Forgotten User Name Or Password page will display. 2. Enter your address exactly as it appears in your personal profile. After you submit your address information, an containing your user name and password will be sent to you. 17

24 ScienceDirect Help Note If you have forgotten your Athens or institutional user name and/or password, contact your librarian, information specialist, or your Athens administrator for assistance. Log in using your Athens or institutional account information: Clicking one of the following links located in the Login box. These links will take you to either the Athens Login page or the Login via Athens or Your Institution page. Athens/Institute Login Athens Login Institution Login Athens/Other Institute Login For more information, see Logging In Using Your Athens or Institutional Account. Log in using your Athens ID: Clicking the Athens Login link located in the Login box. This link will open the Athens Login page. Note If you have forgotten your Athens or institutional user name and/or password, contact your librarian, information specialist, or your Athens administrator for assistance. Register for ScienceDirect: Click Register Now or Register to Purchase to complete a personal profile page and to access additional features of ScienceDirect, including purchase options. For more information, see Registering and Activating Your User Account. Note If you were trying to open a document and were prompted to log in, the price of the document appears above Register to Purchase. Register Now: Click Register Now to create a profile and access additional features of ScienceDirect, including purchase options. Depending on your institution's subscription, these additional features may include saving searches or creating alerts. Cookies In order to log in, cookies must be an enabled preference on your browser. See Browser Requirements and Preferences for more information. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) For more information about how ScienceDirect ensures a secure login and secure transactions, see Secure Sockets Layer Transactions. Logging Out To log out of ScienceDirect, click the Logout link available at the top of every page. 18

25 Registering and Logging In Note If you selected Remember me on this computer when you logged in, clicking Logout will clear that option. Your login will no longer be remembered. Related Topics Customer Support Information Getting Started Information for New Subscribers Athens is a registered trademark of EduServ. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 19

26 ScienceDirect Help Activating Your Personal ScienceDirect Account To activate your ScienceDirect account 1. In Registration ID, enter the Registration ID provided to you. 2. In Registration Password, enter the registration password provided to you. 3. Click Submit to continue with your activation. The Activate User Account page will appear allowing you to register and personalize ScienceDirect. Note If your Registration ID and Password are invalid, contact your librarian or information specialist for assistance. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 20

27 Registering and Logging In Activating Your Athens Login To activate your Athens login (user name/password) in ScienceDirect 1. Complete the fields on the Activate Athens User Name page as follows: a. Optional: From the Title list, select the appropriate title. b. Required: Enter your name in the appropriate fields as follows: o o In First Name, enter your first name (given name) in this field, using upper and lower case characters as appropriate. In Family Name, enter your family name (surname) in this field, using upper and lower case characters as appropriate. c. Required: In Address, enter your address. d. Required: From the Country list, select a country. e. Required: From the User Role list, select your role. f. Required: From the Subject list, select at least one of the subject areas. Note You can choose more than one subject area of interest by holding down the CTRL or Command ( ) key while selecting subject areas. g. Optional: To receive s about future updates, releases, or related products, select the Yes, Please Send Me Information box. h. Required: Select the box indicating that you have read, understood, and agree to the terms and conditions described in the user agreement. Note To view the user agreement, click Registered User Agreement. 2. Do one of the following: 1. Click Done to activate your Athens account. Click Optional Information to enter additional registration information before activating your registration. Click Cancel to go to the ScienceDirect home page without activating your Athens account. Note To review the privacy policy, click the Privacy Policy link located above the information 21

28 ScienceDirect Help fields. Athens is a registered trademark of EduServ. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 22

29 Registering and Logging In Activating Your Athens Login (Optional Information) You can personalize your account by entering contact information and specifying the format of e- mails sent to you by ScienceDirect. Note The information requested on this page is not required to activate your account. You can edit this information in My Settings after activation. To personalize ScienceDirect during activation 1. To enter contact information, complete the following fields: a. In Job Title, enter your job title. b. In Phone Number, enter your telephone number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. c. In Fax Number, enter your fax number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. d. In Mailing Address, enter your street number and street name or your post office (P.O.) box number. e. In City, enter the name of your contact city. f. From the State/Province list, select your state or province. Note This option applies to North American addresses only. g. In Postal (Zip) Code, enter your postal code (zip code). 2. To set up preferences, complete the following fields: a. Select one of the following formats for multiple volume/issue alerts: Select Separate Messages For Each Volume/Issue to receive a separate message for each volume/issue alert. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive three messages. Select A Single Message Containing All Volume/Issues to receive one message for all of your volume/issue alerts. 23

30 ScienceDirect Help For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive one message that contains links to the three titles named in the alerts. b. Select one of the following formats for ed links to documents on ScienceDirect : Select Include Separate Links To Each Article to receive a link to each individual document. Select Include One Link To the Results Page to receive one link that leads to a list of documents, such as a search results list. c. Select one of the following formats for other messages you receive from ScienceDirect: 3. Do one of the following: 2. Select Formatted (HTML) to receive messages in HTML format. Select Plain Text (ASCII) to receive messages in plain-text format. Click Done to complete your activation. Click Back to return to the Activate Athens User Name page. Click Cancel to return to the ScienceDirect home page without activating your account. Athens is a registered trademark of EduServ. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 24

31 Registering and Logging In Activating Personalization Features for Your Institutional Login To activate personalization features when logging in through your institution 1. Complete the fields on the Activate Personalization page as follows: a. Optional: From the Title list, select the appropriate title. b. Required: Enter your name in the appropriate fields as follows: o o In First Name, enter your first name (given name) in this field, using upper and lower case characters as appropriate. In Family Name, enter your family name (surname) in this field, using upper and lower case characters as appropriate. c. Required: In Address, enter your address. d. Required: From the Country list, select a country. e. Required (if present): From the Organization Type list, select the category that describes your organization. f. Required: From the User Role list, select your role. g. Required: In Password, enter your password. Your password is case sensitive and must be at least 5 characters long, but no more than 20 characters long. h. Required: In Confirm Password, enter your password again exactly as it appears in the Password field. i. Required: From the Subject list, select at least one of the subject areas. Note You can choose more than one subject area of interest by holding down the CTRL or Command ( ) key while selecting subject areas. j. Optional: To receive s about future updates, releases, or related products, select the Yes, Please Send Me Information box. k. Required: Select the box indicating that you have read, understood, and agree to the terms and conditions described in the user agreement. Note To view the user agreement, click Registered User Agreement. 2. Do one of the following: 1. Click Done to activate personalization features. 25

32 ScienceDirect Help Click Optional Information to enter additional registration information before activating your registration. OR Click Cancel to go to the ScienceDirect home page without activating your institutional login. Note To review the privacy policy, click the Privacy Policy link located above the information fields. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 26

33 Registering and Logging In Activating Personalization Features for Your Institutional Login (Optional Information) You can personalize your account by entering contact information and specifying the format of e- mails sent to you by ScienceDirect. Note The information requested on this page is not required to activate your account. After activation, you can edit this information in My Settings. To personalize ScienceDirect during activation 1. To enter contact information, complete the following fields: a. In Job Title, enter your job title. b. In Phone Number, enter your telephone number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. c. In Fax Number, enter your fax number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. d. In Mailing Address, enter your street number and street name or your post office (P.O.) box number. e. In City, enter the name of your contact city. f. From the State/Province list, select your state or province. Note This option applies to North American addresses only. g. In Postal (Zip) Code, enter your postal code (zip code). 2. To set up preferences, complete the following fields: a. Select one of the following formats for multiple volume/issue alerts: Select Separate Messages For Each Volume/Issue to receive a separate message for each volume/issue alert. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive three messages. Select A Single Message Containing All Volume/Issues to receive one message for all of your volume/issue alerts. 27

34 ScienceDirect Help For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive one message that contains links to the three titles named in the alerts. b. Select one of the following formats for ed links to documents on ScienceDirect : Select Include Separate Links To Each Article to receive a link to each individual document. Select Include One Link To the Results Page to receive one link that leads to a list of documents, such as a search results list. c. Select one of the following formats for other messages you receive from ScienceDirect: 3. Do one of the following: 2. Select Formatted (HTML) to receive messages in HTML format. Select Plain Text (ASCII) to receive messages in plain-text format. Click Done to activate your account. Click Back to return to the Activate Personalization page. Click Cancel to return to the ScienceDirect home page without activating your account. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 28

35 Quick Search Quick Search You can use Quick Search to search for articles or journal and book titles. Quick Search is available at the top of every page that has a navigation bar. You can search article titles, abstracts, keywords, author names, journal and book titles, volume, issue, or page number fields. Searchable content includes all available journals, book series, handbooks, and all subscribed reference works. Searching for Articles Searching for Journal and Book Titles Searching for Articles in Specific Journal or Book Titles Searching for Articles 1. In Quick Search, enter your search term(s) in one or more of the following fields: Title, abstract, keywords Author Journal/book title Volume Issue Page For more information about each field, see quick search tips. 2. Click or press Enter to begin your search. Your article search results will display. OR Click to remove any search terms. Return to top 29

36 ScienceDirect Help Searching for Journal and Book Titles 1. In Quick Search, enter your search term(s) in the Journal/book title field only. Notes If you enter search terms in any of the other Quick Search fields, your search will return articles instead of journal and book titles. You can search a specific journal or book using Quick Search. When the text, --This Journal/Book--, displays in the Journal/book title field and you are viewing a journal or book home page, entering terms in the other Quick Search fields will search only content in that journal or book. You do not have to enter the entire title. For example, entering neuro bio will return all titles that include those letters. 2. Click or press Enter to begin your search. Your journal and book title results will display. OR Click to remove any search terms. Return to top Searching for Articles in Specific Journal or Book Titles Note If you are already on a journal or book home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse for the appropriate journal or book title. The Quick Search bar will display the text, --This Journal/Book--, in the Journal/book title search field to indicate that the current journal or book will be searched. Show Me 2. In Quick Search, enter your search term(s) in one or more of the following fields: Title, abstract, keywords Author Volume Issue Page Note If you enter text in the Journal/book title field or delete the phrase --This 30

37 Quick Search Journal/Book--, all subscribed journals, books series, handbooks, and reference works will be searched. 3. For more information about each field, see quick search tips. 4. Click or press Enter to begin your search. Your article search results will display. OR Click Return to top to remove any search terms. Related Topics Quick Search Tips Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Books Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Reference Works Search, Advanced and Expert Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 31

38 ScienceDirect Help Quick Search Tips You can search article titles, abstracts, keywords, author names, journal and book titles, volume, issue, or page number fields using Quick Search. Searchable content includes all available journals, book series, handbooks, and all subscribed reference works. To run a more precise search or search other fields, use the Advanced or Expert search forms. Searching Multiple Fields Title, abstract, keywords Field Author Field Volume Field Issue Field Page Field Journal/Book Title Field Choosing Quick Search Terms Constructing a Journal/Book Title Search Searching Multiple Fields When you enter search terms in multiple fields an 'AND' connector is automatically included in your search query. For Example If you enter Author: smith and Volume: 4, your search will be for articles that have "Smith" in their author field and that have "4" in their volume field. Return to top Title, abstract, keywords Field Searches the title, abstract, and keywords fields of a document. Multiple Terms 32

39 Quick Search If you enter multiple terms in the Title,abstract,keywords field, Quick Search will include an 'AND' connector in your search query. For Example If you enter heart attack oxygen, your search will be for articles with "heart AND attack AND oxygen" in the abstract, article title, or keyword fields. Exact Phrases To search for a matching or exact phrase in the Title,abstract,keywords field, you must enclose the term in quotation ("") marks or single quotation marks. See Searching for Phrases for more information. For Example If you want to locate occurrences of the phrase "heart attack", you would enter "heart attack" in the Title,abstract,keywords field. Return to top Author Field Searches for documents written by an author. Quick Search will find results where both search terms are present in the document even if they are in separate author fields. For Example Searching for J Smith using Quick Search would find results such as: T. Smith, J. Rolf. To find authors where all your search terms are in the same field, use the Specific Author field on the Advanced search form or the Specific-Author field on the Expert search form. See Searching for Names for more information. Return to top Volume Searches for documents in a specific volume of a journal or book. For Example Entering Volume: 34 will return documents with a volume number of "34". Return to top Issue Searches for documents in a specific issue of a journal or book. For Example Entering Issue: 4 will return documents with an issue identifier of "4". 33

40 ScienceDirect Help Return to top Page Searches for documents with specific page numbers. For Example Entering Page: 9 will return documents with page numbers, such as: Entering Page: v will return documents with page numbers, such as: v v-xii v-vi Return to top Journal/Book Title Field Searches for a specific journal or book title. This field returns either articles or journal and book titles depending on which Quick Search fields are populated: o Articles: If search terms are entered in the other Quick Search fields (including the Journal/book title field), the search will return articles. Show Me o For Example Entering Title, abstract, keywords: dopamine and Journal/book title: neuro will return articles with "dopamine" in the title, abstract, or keywords fields and with "neuro" in the journal or book title. Journal and book titles: If search terms are available only in the Journal/book title field, the search will return journal/book titles. Show Me For Example Entering only neuro in the Journal/book title field will return journals and books with "neuro" in the journal or book title, including: 34

41 Quick Search Neurobiology of Aging Neurocomputing Paediatric Neurology You do not have to enter the entire title. For example, entering neuro bio will return all titles that include all those letters. o Searching a specific journal or book: When the text --This Journal/Book-- displays in the Journal/book title search field and you are on a journal or book home page, entering search terms in the other Quick Search fields will search only articles in that journal or book. Show Me Note If you enter only spaces in the other fields, the spaces will be ignored. Return to top Choosing Quick Search Terms You can use many of the Boolean syntax rules when building a Quick Search. Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the singular form of the word. Omit stop words from your search string. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Note Do not use wildcard characters in a Journal/book title search. Observe the rules for searching special characters and formulas. Note: Numeric data are searchable only as text. Return to top Constructing a Journal/Book Title Search Titles returned in the search results match all terms in a multiple-term search string. 35

42 ScienceDirect Help For Example If you enter chemical engineering in the search box, the search results may include the following titles: Biochemical Engineering Journal Chemical Engineering and Processing Chemical Engineering Journal The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal Chemical Engineering Science Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Computers & Chemical Engineering Advances in Chemical Engineering Terms in a multiple-term search string must be entered in the order in which they appear in titles. For Example In the chemical engineering search example, a journal titled, "The Engineering and Chemical Processing Journal," would not be retrieved because the terms in the title do not appear in the same order as the terms in the search string. Do not use Boolean syntax or Boolean connectors such as "AND," "OR," or "AND NOT" in your search string. If included, these terms must be part of the title to avoid making the search invalid. Do not use wildcard characters. Partial terms (without wildcards) may be entered, but these partial terms must be entered in the same order as they appear in the title. The search is not case-sensitive. Return to top Related Topics Quick Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 36

43 Browsing Browsing Publications Alphabetically Optional: Filter the list of publications by subscription status and publication type. Note If you are logged in, we will remember your filter selections the next time you browse publications alphabetically or by subject. However, when browsing favorites, all subscription options and publication types are included in your list by default. a. Select which titles to include in the browse list based on full-text availability. Select Full-text available to include the journals and books that are part of your subscription or freely available. You can view the full-text of documents in these journals and books. Select Non-subscribed to include journals and books that are not part of your subscription. Full-text access to documents may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. b. Select the type of publications to include in the browse list. Select Journals and Book Series to include journals and book series. Select All Books to include books, book series, handbooks, and reference works. Select Reference Works only to include only reference works. Note If JavaScript is an enabled preference in your browser, selecting Reference Works only will automatically clear the All Books selection option. Click to save your settings. The browse list will display the selected journals and books. Click a letter on the alphabetical browse bar to view titles that begin with that letter. Show Me 37

44 ScienceDirect Help Note The current letter is highlighted. OR Click All to display all available titles in alphabetical order. Do one of the following: To open a journal or book home page, click the title of the journal or book that you want to view. To view Articles in Press for a publication, click the Articles in Press link for the journal or book that you want to view. To create an RSS Feed for a publication, click Article Feed. The RSS feed provides links to articles that have been added to the publication. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. To add a publication to your Favorites list, select the Favorites checkbox next to that title, and then click. To receive an alert when new volumes or issues are available, select the Volume/Issue Alerts checkbox next to that title, and then click. Additional Options Adding and removing favorites Adding and removing volume/issue alerts Viewing subscription information Related Topics Browsing Journals and Books by Subject Browsing Favorite Journals and Books Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Book Search, Advanced and Expert JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 38

45 Browsing Browsing Publications by Subject Optional: Filter the list of publications by subscription status and publication type. Note If you are logged in, we will remember your filter selections the next time you browse publications alphabetically or by subject. However, when browsing favorites, all subscription options and publication types are included in your list by default. a. Select which titles to include in the browse list based on full-text availability. Select Full-text available to include the journals and books that are part of your subscription or freely available. You can view the full-text of documents in these journals and books. Select Non-subscribed to include journals and books that are not part of your subscription. Full-text access to documents may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. b. Select the type of publications to include in the browse list. Select Journals and Book Series to include journals and book series. Select All Books to include books, book series, handbooks, and reference works. Select Reference Works only to include only reference works. Note If JavaScript is an enabled preference in your browser, selecting Reference Works only will automatically clear the All Books selection option. Click to save your settings. The browse list will display the selected journals and books. Click a letter on the alphabetical browse bar to view titles that begin with that letter. Show Me Note The current letter is highlighted. 39

46 ScienceDirect Help OR Click All to display all available titles in alphabetical order. Do one of the following: To open a journal or book home page, click the title of the journal or book that you want to view. To narrow your list to one of the subject areas listed above the alphabetical browse bar, click that subject area link. Show Me To view Articles in Press for a publication, click the Articles in Press link of the journal or book that you want to view. To create an RSS Feed for a publication, click Article Feed. The RSS feed provides links to articles that have been added to the publication. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. To add a publication to your Favorites list, select the Favorites checkbox next to that title, and then click. To receive an alert when new volumes or issues are available, select the Volume/Issue Alerts checkbox next to that title, and then click. Additional Options Adding and removing favorites Adding and removing volume/issue alerts Viewing subscription information Related Topics Browsing Journals and Books by Subject Browsing Favorite Journals and Books Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Book Search, Advanced and Expert 40

47 Browsing JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 41

48 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Favorite Publications To browse favorite journals and books If you are already on the Browse page, skip to step #2. 1. Click on the Navigation bar. Note You can also view favorite journals and books in the Quick Links section of the home page. Show Me 2. In the Browse box, click Favorite Journals/Books. A list of favorite journals and books will display. Note The type of publication displays in the Content Type column. Possible publication types include: Journal Book Book Series 42

49 Browsing Handbook Reference Work 3. Optional: Filter the list of publications by subscription status and publication type. Note If you are logged in, we will remember your filter selections the next time you browse publications alphabetically or by subject. However, when browsing favorites, all subscription options and publication types are included in your list by default. 2. a. Select which titles to include in the browse list based on full-text availability. Select Full-text available to include the journals and books that are part of your subscription or freely available. You can view the full-text of documents in these journals and books. Select Non-subscribed to include journals and books that are not part of your subscription. Full-text access to documents may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. b. Select the type of publications to include in the browse list. Select Journals and Book Series to include journals and book series. Select All Books to include books, book series, handbooks, and reference works. Select Reference Works only to include only reference works. Note If JavaScript is an enabled preference in your browser, selecting Reference Works only will automatically clear the All Books selection option. 3. Click to save your settings. The browse list will display your favorite journals and books. 4. Click a letter on the alphabetical browse bar to view titles that begin with that letter. Show Me Note The current letter is highlighted. OR Click All to display all available titles in alphabetical order. 5. Do one of the following: 43

50 ScienceDirect Help 5. To open a journal or book home page, click the title of the journal or book that you want to view. To remove a publication from your Favorites list, clear the Favorites checkbox next to that title, and then click. Show Me To view Articles in Press for a publication, click the Articles in Press link of the journal or book that you want to view. To create an RSS Feed for a publication, click Article Feed. The RSS feed provides links to articles that have been added to the publication. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. To receive an alert when new volumes or issues are available, select the Volume/Issue Alerts checkbox next to that title, and then click. Additional Options Adding and removing favorites Adding and removing volume/issue alerts Viewing subscription information Related Topics Browsing Publications by Subject Browsing Publications Alphabetically Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Book Search, Advanced and Expert 44

51 Browsing JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 45

52 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Open Documents References Click a document link in the reference list to view the citation or the cited document. Note Access to the citation or document is determined by your institution's subscription. OR Scroll through the document from top to bottom. Return to top Contacting Authors Click the icon to an author of the document. OR Click the icon to view an author's contact information. Return to top Viewing the Document Outside of ScienceDirect Links to full-text, references, and cited by counts for documents may be available outside of ScienceDirect through Scopus and/or the journal publisher's web site. Note Accessing a journal publisher's web site, Scopus, or the full-text document may require a separate subscription. Links to abstracts, references, and the cited by counts for a document may be available through Scopus. Scopus is a multidisciplinary navigational tool that contains records going back to the mid 1960s, offering newly-linked citations across the widest body of scientific abstracts available in one place. 46

53 Browsing o To access abstracts and references for a document in Scopus, click Abstracts + References in Scopus under the External Links header. The document will open in a new browser window. o To view the number of times a document has been cited in Scopus, click Cited By in Scopus(number of citations). A Scopus Cited By search results page will appear in a new browser window. Journal Publisher Return to top To access full-text documents at the publisher's web site, click the appropriate link or button. Changing Your View of the Document You can view the document in a number of formats depending on the type of publication and your institution's subscription. Those formats include Abstract, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, SummaryPlus, and PDF (file_size). See Opening a Document for more information about these links. Sponsored Articles If Sponsored Article displays in the This Document box, the document has been accepted for publication, and the authors have paid a sponsorship fee to make it freely available on ScienceDirect. Return to top Viewing Documents that Cite the Current Document Click Cited By to view a list of documents that cite the document. Return to top Creating Citation Alerts Click Save as Citation Alert to receive an when the document is cited by new documents added to ScienceDirect. When you click this option, the Save As Citation Alert page will display. Return to top Viewing Publication Information 47

54 ScienceDirect Help Click the title of the publication to go to the home page for that publication. Click the volume/issue link below the title to view the contents of that volume or issue. Return to top If a volume or issue is a special issue, information about the topic will display below the volume or issue information. Viewing More Information About the Document Depending on the format of the document, the following links might be available: Dymond View Structure: Click Dymond View Structure Links to access the Dymond enriched document in a secondary browser window. Dymond enriched documents contain embedded links to additional information about chemical structures and objects. In order to view the graphical representation of the chemical structures and objects, you must have installed the free chemical structure visualization plug-in, MDL Chime (the plug-in and its related system requirements are available at Math Formulas: Click a math formula that appears within the document text to view or download the formula in MathML format. If you have a MathML-aware program installed, the formula automatically displays in the application. Otherwise, you are prompted to save the file in.mml format. Related Documents: Click a refers to document link to access documentation related to the document you are browsing. A document may contain links to a related document, such as subsequent correspondence and publisher or author corrections, and so on. If so, the related article's citation and document links display above the open document's text. Related documents contain links to the original document that are located above the document text. If these links are temporarily unavailable, use the browser's Back button to return to the original document. Preprint Articles: Click the preprint article identifier, if available, to view a preprint version of the document. For Example astro-ph/ or cond-mat/ Glossary Links: Click a glossary link to view a definition for the linked word or phrase. Glossary links open in a new window. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds Click Citation Feed to create an RSS feed for the current document. The RSS feed provides links to new documents that cite this document. 48

55 Browsing Notes RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Saving a Citation Alert ing an Open Document Exporting Document Citations Navigating Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Scopus is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 49

56 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Journals and Books Browsing a Journal, Book Series, or Handbook Browsing a Book Viewing More Information About this Title Viewing Articles in Press Adding this Title to Favorites or Volume/Issue Alerts Navigating a Volume and Issue List Searching this Title Viewing Subscription Information Adding Quick Links Adding RSS Feeds Browsing a Journal, Book Series, or Handbook Home Page You can browse all available volumes and issues of a journal, book series, or handbook on a publication home page. To browse a journal, book series, or handbook home page 1. Browse or Search for a publication. 2. Click the plus symbol (+) or volume name to view the issue numbers, page ranges, and dates within that volume. Browse the table of contents of an issue by clicking one of the issues in the volume list. Show Me 50

57 Browsing Notes The table of contents for the most recent volume/issue will display by default. Not all volumes/issues are displayed in this condensed format. Page range information may not be available for all issues. If a volume or issue is dedicated to a specific topic, the special issue title is displayed below the volume or issue information. 3. Do one of the following: Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Return to top Select documents to or export. Click Article List (default view) or Full Abstracts to see different views of the list. Click to add the link to the Quick Links section of your home page. Select the documents that you want to view in the list, and then click. 51

58 ScienceDirect Help Browsing a Book Home Page You can browse the table of contents for a book on a book home page. Note  Each book edition has a separate home page. To browse a book home page 1. Browse or Search for a publication. 2. For book home pages, click a table of contents section or the plus symbol (+) to expand a section. The section will expand to display one of the following options: A list of documents for that section. OR A list of sub-sections. If necessary, click the plus symbol (+) next to the sub-section name to view documents for the sub-section. 3. Do one of the following: Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Return to top Click to add the link to the Quick Links section of your home page. Viewing More Information About this Title The following links to additional information may be available from this page for journals, book series, and handbooks: Note Each of these links opens in a secondary browser window. Cover Image: Links to the publisher's Web site. Sample Issue Online: Links to a free issue of the publication. 52

59 Browsing About this Journal/Book Series/Handbook : Links to more information about the publication such as ordering information, dispatch dates, a description of the journal, and information about the Editorial Board. Submit your Article : Links information related to submitting and tracking procedures for authors. Related Learned Society: Links to a subject-related learned society's Web site. More Journal Features: Links to features available for specific journals such as cumulative indexes, thesauri, or electronic annexes. Associations with Other Publications: If this publication is associated with another title because of a name change, merger, or split, the associated publication's name(s) and reason for the change appear at the top of page. This note generally states "Formerly part of publication name" or "Incorporated into publication name". Issues are listed with the name under which they were originally published. For Example If a publication's name changes, both the old and new name appear in the list, and the relevant issues are listed under the appropriate title. Links are available to access associated publications. Issue Not Yet Available: Issues are available online as soon as possible. Missing issues may appear in the volume/issue list with the notation, "Issue not yet available," which links to an explanation of why the issue is not available. This notation appears until the missing issue becomes available. Return to top Viewing Articles in Press A link to Articles in Press for a journal, book series, or handbook may display in the volume list. Click the link to view a list of articles that have been accepted for publication but have not been assigned to a publication volume or issue. The following three types of Articles in Press may appear in ScienceDirect : Accepted manuscripts: Accepted manuscripts are articles that have been peerreviewed and accepted for publication by the Editorial Board. These articles have not yet been copy edited and/or formatted in the journal house style. Uncorrected proofs: Uncorrected proofs have been copy edited and formatted, but have not been finalized and may still be corrected by the authors, so the text could change before final publication. Corrected proofs: Corrected proofs contain authors' corrections and may or may not have specific issue and page numbers assigned. When the final article is available and published in an issue of the journal, the corresponding Article in Press link is removed. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds 53

60 ScienceDirect Help You can create an RSS feed for a publication by clicking Article Feed. The RSS feed provides links to articles that have been added to the publication. Note  RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Bookmarking Pages Managing Favorites Managing Volume/Issue Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 54

61 Browsing Selecting Subject Areas On the Browse page, you can display journals and books about a specific subject. To select subject areas 1. Click on the Navigation bar. 2. In the Browse box, click Journals/Books by Subject. A list of subject areas will display. 3. Do one of the following: Select one or more subject areas. Note You must have JavaScript enabled on your computer to select more than one subject or expand sub-headings. If JavaScript is not enabled, click the subject area name to view documents in that subject. a. Click the plus symbol (+) next to a subject area to expand it. Subject areas will expand to display a list of sub-headings, which can also be expanded. For Example The subject "Life Sciences" contains the following additional subject areas: Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Environmental Science The sub-categories can also be expanded. "Environmental Science" includes the following additional subject areas: Ecological Modelling Ecology Environmental Chemistry b. If needed, click the plus symbol (+) next to the sub-heading to view further headings. Clicking a subject selects all of its sub-categories. 55

62 ScienceDirect Help For Example Selecting "Life Sciences" would also select its subcategories, including: Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; and Environmental Science. Some documents are assigned to more than one subject. OR Click a subject area name to view titles included in that subject. 4. Click to view titles associated with the selected subject areas. The browse list will display journals and books classified in the selected subject areas. Note You can also view titles by subject from the Browse box on the ScienceDirect home page. Select a new subject area from the Browse by Subject list. A list of titles classified in that subject area will display. Show Me Related Topics Browsing Journals and Books by Titles Browsing Favorite Journals and Books Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Book Search, Advanced and Expert 56

63 Browsing JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 57

64 ScienceDirect Help Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons The Full-text available and Non-subscribed icons indicate whether or not you can view the full-text of a document in ScienceDirect. The icons display next to document citations, journal and book titles, and journal and book volumes/issues. Full-text Available and Non-Subscribed Icons Determining Your Access Options Viewing Subscription Information and Content Coverage Full-text Available ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the full-text of a document. You can access the full-text of a document if it is included in your institution's subscription, is a Sponsored Article, or is freely available. A list of free titles is available on the ScienceDirect INFO site. Non-Subscribed ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the abstract of the document. To view the full-text, you may be able to purchase the document or use your institution's account. Note Online purchasing and institutional account access features are not available to all customers. If you do not have access to these features, please contact your librarian or information specialist. Online Purchasing: You may be able to purchase the document using a credit card. The Shopping Cart can be used to purchase full-text access to multiple documents with a single credit card transaction, or if the shopping cart is not available, you may still be able to purchase a single document. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of your purchase. Institutional Account Access: You may be able to view documents using your institution's account. If this option is available, a charge (or deduction) will be made to your institution's account according to the terms of their contract. Return to top 58

65 Browsing Determining Your Access Options 1. Click one of the SummaryPlus, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) links. 2. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: Return to top The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 59

66 ScienceDirect Help Glossary Definitions Some ScienceDirect publications include links to glossary definitions. When you click on a glossary link in a document, the glossary term's definition appears in a Glossary Entry window. Glossary definitions may include links to other glossary entries. To open another glossary entry, click the linked glossary term. To close the Glossary Entry window, click Close. If you have opened multiple Glossary Entry windows, you can navigate between entries using the Back and Next buttons. Note Back and Next buttons only appear when you have opened more than one glossary entry. Related Topics Browsing or Searching the Reference Works Glossary Page Browsing Open Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 60

67 Browsing Navigating Glossary Search Results Glossary search results are displayed as Matches in Headings or Other Matches. For Example Searching for displacement would return displacement under Matches in Headings while cross-references and glossary definitions would appear under Other Matches. Show Me Matches in Headings are glossary terms that contain your search string. Other Matches are glossary definitions or cross-references that contain your search string. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 61

68 ScienceDirect Help Navigating Subject Index Search Results Reference work index search results are displayed as Primary or Secondary Matches. For Example The search string child behavior returns the following results: Result Type Primary Match Secondary Match Result "child behavior" "child behavioral assessment" and "child behavior checklists" The browse and search results display hierarchically. The index always opens to the highest level entry, and items with more than one level are underlined and followed by a three-dot ellipsis (...). Any level of index entry can link to the text that references the topic. Links are labeled with the article or chapter title and/or the subsection numbering (if present). Show Me 62

69 Browsing Primary Matches are index entries that contain the exact search string entered. Secondary Matches are index entries that contain the search string as part of a word or phrase or are qualified in some other way, usually with additional text. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 63

70 ScienceDirect Help Navigating Subject Index Entries To navigate subject index entries Click the top level entry to display the next (lower) levels. Encyclopedia Example Click on "child behavior..." to display the entries at the next (lowest) level. child behavior mass media effects, theoretical models Media Effects on Children 1.1 and synapse density Brain Development, Ontogenetic Neurobiology of, 1.2 Comprehensive Example Click on "child behavior..." to display the entries at the next (lowest) level. child behavior and academic achievement consistency and cultural context Click the link next to the lowest level entries to view the relevant sections of the publication. Encyclopedia Example Click Media Effects on Children 1.1 to display the text that corresponds to the entry "mass media effects, theoretical models.". Comprehensive Example Click " " to display the text that corresponds to that entry. Click the arrow-back button ( ) to return to the previous level. Click your browser's Back button to return to the Subject Index page. Cross-references ("see" and "see also") see cross-references direct you to the preferred term such as "character disorders see personality disorders" or to an expansion of an acronym such as "BMI see Body Mass Index (BMI)". 64

71 Browsing see also cross-references provide guideposts to terms that are related (from the broader term to the narrower term). For Example Within the main index entry "management," "change management" and "classroom management" appear at the end of the entry. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 65

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73 Searching Searching ScienceDirect ScienceDirect provides a variety of search options to help you find documents. Note For Web Editions and guest users the full search features of ScienceDirect are not available; however, you can search using Quick Search. Advanced Search Expert Search Quick Search Saving and Recalling Searches Advanced Search To search one or two fields in a single query. For Example You can use the Advanced search form to search authors and keywords. To search a specific publication type. For Example You can use the Advanced Journals search form to search only journals or only books.. To limit your search in the following ways: document type date subject Advanced Search Forms and Searchable Content Search Form/Content Type Journals Books Book Series Handbooks Reference Works 67

74 ScienceDirect Help All Sources Search X X X X X Journals Search X Books Search X X X Reference Works Search X Return to top Expert Search The Expert search form is available from the Search tab on the Navigation bar. Show Me From the Expert search form, you can use Boolean syntax to search all documents, journals, or books. The Expert search form is designed for expert users who would like to create more complicated searches. Use Expert Search: To build complex searches using Boolean syntax, proximity operators, and wildcards To search multiple fields in one query To prioritize your search terms To limit your search in the following ways: document type 68

75 Searching date subject Expert Search Forms and Searchable Content Search Form/Content Type Journals Books Book Series Handbooks Reference Works All Sources Search X X X X X Journals Search X Books Search X X X Reference Works Search X Return to top Quick Search You can use Quick Search to search for articles or journal and book titles. Quick Search is available at the top of every ScienceDirect page that has a navigation bar, except for the Advanced or Expert Search pages. Show Me You can search article titles, abstracts, keywords, author names, journal and book titles, volume, issue, or page number fields. Searchable content includes all available journals, books series, handbooks, and all subscribed reference works. Use Quick Search To search articles or journal and book titles. To search the content of a specific journal or book title. Return to top Saving and Recalling Searches You can save and recall searches from the Search History table and the Recall Search button. Saving Searches 69

76 ScienceDirect Help You can save a search from the Save Search link on your search results pages. Show Me Note You cannot save a search from a Quick Search results page. Search History From the Search History table, you can view a list of searches you have run. The table lists your search string (in Boolean format) and the number of documents returned. You must enable search history before you run a search for that search to appear in the Search History table. Show Me Recalling Saved Searches From any Advanced or Expert search form, you can recall searches that you have saved. Show Me 70

77 Searching Return to top Related Topics Performing an Advanced All Sources Search Performing an Expert All Sources Search Performing a Quick Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 71

78 ScienceDirect Help Reviewing Journal and Book Search Results The Journal and Book search results page lists journal and book titles that match your Quick Search criteria. The top of the results page displays the following: The journal and book titles found by your search request and links to those titles. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of documents within the journal or book. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstracts of documents within the journal or book. Full-text access to documents may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. The total number of titles found. The following options are available: To open a journal or book home page, click the title of the journal or book that you want to view. To view Articles in Press for a publication, click the Articles in Press link of the journal or book that you want to view. Additional Options Viewing Subscription Information Related Topics Performing a Quick Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 72

79 Searching Searching All Sources Performing an Advanced All Sources Search In Term(s), enter your search term. From the Within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. If you are performing a field-restricted search, search the common fields listed in the Advanced field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: From the AND menu, select a connector. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. Optional: You can restrict your search by content type, subject, or date or search for subscribed and favorite books. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See the search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 73

80 ScienceDirect Help Additional Options Restricting Your Search by Source, Subject, or Date Recalling a Saved Search Rerunning Searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics All Sources Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced All Sources Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 74

81 Searching All Sources Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics All Sources Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 75

82 ScienceDirect Help All Sources Advanced Search Fields Advanced Search provides a variety of common document fields for you to search. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all other search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. The Abstract, Title, and Keywords fields are searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack anywhere in the document full text. The following fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description Abstract, Title, Keywords Authors Specific Author Source Title Title Keywords Abstract Contains the abstract, article or chapter title, and author keywords for the document. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the journal, book, book series, handbook, or reference work. Contains the English or non-english article or chapter title. Contains the author's keywords and the publisher's index terms for the document. Contains the full text of a document's abstract, plus the publishing information relating to the original document (e.g., the language of the 76

83 Searching publication). References ISSN Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or ISBN Contains the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) of the book or volume in a series. You can enter an ISBN with our without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISBN as either or Affiliation Full Text Contains the institutional affiliations of the article's authors. Contains the full document record. Related Topics All Sources Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 77

84 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert All Sources Search From the All Sources Expert search form, you can search all subscribed journals and books using Boolean syntax. To search all available content using Expert Search If you are already on the All Sources Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the All Sources tab. 3. Click the Expert Search link. Note If the last successful search you performed was an Expert All Sources search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 4. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. If you are performing a field-restricted search, search the common fields listed in the Expert field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by content type, subject, or date or search for subscribed and favorite books. 6. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 78

85 Searching Additional Options Restricting your Search by Source, Subject, or Date Recalling a Saved Search Rerunning Searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Searching ScienceDirect All Sources Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced All Sources Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 79

86 ScienceDirect Help All Sources Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics All Sources Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 80

87 Searching All Sources Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their article title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, in an abstract, and in references. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax for text fields to specify a field name in your search string: field_name(search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title, abstract, and keywords fields, you could enter: title-abstr-key(renal failure) or tak(renal failure) Both queries would search the title, abstract, and keywords fields. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. Field Name Abbreviation Description 81

88 ScienceDirect Help All The default search field when no search field is specified. Contains the entire document or chapter. Full-Text Title-Abstr- Key tak Contains the full text of the document, excluding references. Contains the title, abstract, and author or publisher's keywords. Abstract abs Contains the full text of a document's abstract, plus the publishing information relating to the original document (e.g., the language of the publication). Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the document. Specific- Author aus Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Searching for Specific Authors, Affiliations, and Keywords for more information. Authlastname Authfirst Contains the surname (last name) of the document author. Contains the first name or initials of the document author. Affiliation aff Contains the institutional affiliations of the document's authors. Pub-Date pdt Contains the date the document was published in numeric format. To search for a specific date using Pub-Date, you must use one of the following date operators: o o o BEF or <: Before AFT or >: After IS or =: Is equal to For Example pub-date IS would find documents published on January 3, pub-date AFT would find documents published after January 3, pub-date BEF would find documents published before January 3, See Searching for Dates for more information. Keywords key Contains the author's keywords and the publisher's index 82

89 Searching terms for the document. Specific- Authkey Contains the author's keywords for the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author keyword field. See Searching for Specific Authors, Affiliations, and Keywords for more information. Specific- Otherkey Contains other keywords for the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same other keyword field. See Searching for Specific Authors, Affiliations, and Keywords for more information. References ref Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. Title ttl Contains the English or non-english document title. Srctitle src Contains the title of the journal, book series, handbook, or reference work. Article-TOC sub Contains the article or chapter title. Speciss-Name DOI Contains the name of the conference, the title of the special issue, or the title of the book series, or handbook volume. Contains the Digital Object Identifier (DOI). A DOI is a unique alphanumeric string created to identify a piece of intellectual property in an online environment. You should enter DOIs with the appropriate formatting; however, you can enter partial DOIs. For example, you could enter the DOI /j.cor as or j.cor ISSN Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or ISBN Contains the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) of the book or volume in a series. You can enter an ISBN with our without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISBN as either or Vol-Issue vis Contains the volume and/or issue identifiers for a serial publication. 83

90 ScienceDirect Help Pages pag Contains the start and end pages of a document. Pagefirst Pagelast Contains the start page of a document. Contains the last page of a document. Srctype srt Contains the type of publication. For example, journal or reference-work. Doc-Head Contains the document heading or article type. For example, erratum. Related Topics All Sources Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 84

91 Searching Searching Journals Performing an Advanced Journals Search In Term(s), enter your search term. From the Within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. If you are performing a field-restricted search, search the common fields listed in the Advanced field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: From the AND menu, select a connector. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, document type, date, or volume, issue, and page number or search for subscribed and favorite books. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tipsstadv_field_journal_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 85

92 ScienceDirect Help Additional Options Searching for subscribed journals, favorite journals, or Articles in Press Restricting your search by subject, document type, or date Recalling a saved search Rerunning searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Journals Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Journals Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 86

93 Searching Journals Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Journals Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 87

94 ScienceDirect Help Journals Advanced Search Fields Advanced Search provides a variety of common document fields for you to search. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all other search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. The Abstract, Title, and Keywords fields are searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack in the document full text. The following fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description Abstract, Title, Keywords Authors Specific Author Journal Name Title Keywords Abstract References Contains the abstract, title, author keywords, and publisher's index terms for the article. Contains the names of the authors of the article. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the journal. Contains the English or non-english article title. Contains the author's keywords and the publisher's index terms for the article. Contains the full text of the article's abstract. Contains the bibliographic reference list of the article. 88

95 Searching ISSN Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or Affiliation Full Text Contains the institutional affiliations of the article's authors. Contains the full text of the article, excluding the reference list. Related Topics Journals Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 89

96 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert Journals Search From the Journals Expert search form, you can use Boolean syntax to search all available journals and book series. You can also limit your search by subject area, document type, or date. To search journals using the Expert search form If you are already on the Journals Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Journals tab. 3. Click the Expert tab. Note If the last successful search you performed was an Expert Journals search, your last search request appears on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 4. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. See field search tips for more information. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, document type, or date, or search for subscribed journals, favorite journals, or Articles in Press. 6. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 90

97 Searching Additional Options Searching for subscribed journals, favorite journals, or Articles in Press Restricting your search by subject, document type, or date. Recalling a saved search Rerunning searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Journals Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced Journals Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 91

98 ScienceDirect Help Journals Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Journals Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 92

99 Searching Journals Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, in an abstract, and in references. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title, abstract, and keywords fields, you could enter: title-abstr-key(renal failure) or tak(renal failure) Both queries would search the title, abstract, and keywords fields. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. Field Name Abbreviation Description 93

100 ScienceDirect Help Title-Abstr- Key tak Contains the title, abstract, and author or publisher's keywords. Srctitle src Contains the title of the journal. ISSN Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or Title ttl Contains the English or non-english document title. Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the document. Affiliation aff Contains the institutional affiliations of the document's authors. Abstract abs Contains the full text of a document's abstract, plus the publishing information relating to the original document (e.g., the language of the publication). Keywords key Contains the author's keywords and the publisher's index terms for the document. References ref Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. Appendices Full-Text Contains the article's appendices. Contains the full text of the document, excluding references. Related Topics Journals Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 94

101 Searching Searching Books Performing an Advanced Books Search In Term(s), enter your search term. From the Within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. Tip We recommend searching the common fields listed in the Advanced field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: From the AND menu, select a connector. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, date, volume, issue, and page number, or search for subscribed and favorite books. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 95

102 ScienceDirect Help Additional Options Searching for Subscribed and Favorite Books Restrict your search by Subject, Date, or Volume, Issue, and Page Number Recalling a Saved Search Rerunning Searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Books Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Books Search Overview of the Search History Table Browsing a Publication Home Page Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 96

103 Searching Books Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Books Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 97

104 ScienceDirect Help Books Advanced Search Fields Advanced Search provides a variety of common document fields for you to search. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all other search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. All Fields are searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack in the document full text. The following fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description All Fields Authors Specific Author Source Title Article or Chapter Title Abstract References Contains the full record for the book. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the book, book series or handbook. Contains the English or non-english document title. Contains the full text of a document's abstract, plus the publishing information relating to the original document (e.g., the language of the publication). Contains the bibliographic reference list of the article. 98

105 Searching ISSN Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or ISBN Contains the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) of the book or volume in a series. You can enter an ISBN with our without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISBN as either or Affiliation Full Text Contains the institutional affiliations of the document's authors. Contains the full text of the document. Related Topics Books Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 99

106 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert Books Search From the Books Expert search form, you can use Boolean syntax to search books, book series, handbooks, and reference works. You can also limit your search by book source, subject area, document type, or date. To search books using the Expert search form If you are already on the Books Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Books tab. 3. Click the Expert Search link. Note If your last successful search was an Expert Books Search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 4. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. See field search tips for more information. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, or date, or search for subscribed and favorite books. 6. Click Search to start your search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 100

107 Searching Additional Options Searching for Subscribed and Favorite Books Restricting your search by Subject or Date Recalling a Saved Search Rerunning Searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Books Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced Books Search Overview of the Search History Table Browsing Publications Alphabetically Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 101

108 ScienceDirect Help Books Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Books Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 102

109 Searching Books Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, in an abstract, and in references. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title field, you could enter: title(renal failure) or ttl(renal failure) Both queries would search the title field. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. Field Name Abbreviation Description 103

110 ScienceDirect Help Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the document. Srctitle src Contains the title of the book series or handbook. Speciss- Name Contains the title of the book series or handbook volume. Title ttl Contains the English or non-english document title. Abstract abs Contains the full text of a document's abstract, plus the publishing information relating to the original document (e.g., the language of the publication). References ref Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. ISSN Contains the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the series. You can enter an ISSN with or without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISSN as either or ISBN Contains the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) of the book or a volume in a series. You can enter an ISBN with our without the hyphens. For example, you could enter ISBN as either or Affiliation aff Contains the institutional affiliations of the document's authors. Full-Text Contains the full text of the document, excluding references. Related Topics Books Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 104

111 Searching Searching Reference Works 105

112 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search To search multiple reference works using Advanced Search If you are already on the Reference Works Advanced search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Advanced link. 4. To search multiple reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. Tip To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work or select a specific reference work from the Reference Works list. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by subject or to specific reference works. To restrict by reference work a. Click Show Reference Works. Show Me b. Select All Subscribed Reference Works OR Select one or more reference works from the Reference Works list. To select more than one reference work, hold the Control (Ctrl), Shift, or Command ( ) key, and then click the reference work you want to search. 6. In Term(s), enter your search term. See the field search tips for help narrowing your search. Note If your last successful search was an Advanced Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 106

113 Searching 7. From the within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. 8. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: a. From the AND menu, select a connector. b. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. c. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. 9. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow the results. (See the search tipsstexpt_field_books_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching a Specific Comprehensive or Encyclopedia Reference Work Searching Reference Works by Subject Browsing Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search 107

114 ScienceDirect Help Adding Quick Links Related Topics Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 108

115 Searching Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 109

116 ScienceDirect Help Reference Works Advanced Search Fields When you search multiple Reference Works, you may be searching both comprehensive reference works and encyclopedia reference works. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all comprehensive reference works and encyclopedia reference work search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. All Fields are searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack in the document full text. The following fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description All Fields Authors Contains the entire document or chapter. Contains the names of the authors of the reference work document. Specific Author Article or Chapter Titles Subheadings References Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the document. Contains the section (and subsection) numbers and the section (and subsection) headings that structurally define a reference work document. Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. 110

117 Searching Full Text Contains the full text of the article or chapter. Related Topics Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 111

118 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Advanced Comprehensive Reference Works Search To search a comprehensive reference work using Advanced Search If you are already on the Reference Works Advanced search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Advanced link. 4. To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work. Tip You can also search reference works by clicking All Subscribed Reference Works. 5. From the Reference Work menu, select a comprehensive reference work, and then click Go. (If you have JavaScript enabled, you do not have to click Go.) Note If you subscribe to only one reference work that title displays as a link instead of as a drop-down menu. 6. From the Volume menu, select the specific volume you want to search. OR Select All Volumes. 7. In Term(s), enter your search term. See field search tips for help narrowing your search. Note If your last successful search was an Advanced Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 8. From the within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. 9. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: a. From the AND menu, select a connector. b. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. c. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. 112

119 Searching OR Select All Fields. 10. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See the search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching reference works Browsing Reference Works Recalling a saved search Adding Quick Links Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Comprehensive Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table 113

120 ScienceDirect Help JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 114

121 Searching Comprehensive Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 115

122 ScienceDirect Help Comprehensives Advanced Search Fields Advanced Search provides a variety of common document fields for you to search. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all other search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. The Author field is searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack in the document full text. The following fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description Authors Specific Author Chapter Title Subheadings References Full Text Contains the names of the authors of the reference work. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the document. Contains the section (and subsection) numbers and the section (and subsection) headings that structurally define the reference work document. Contains the bibliographic reference list in the article. Contains the full text of the reference work, excluding references. 116

123 Searching Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 117

124 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Advanced Encyclopedia Reference Works Search To search an encyclopedia using Advanced Search If you are already on the Reference Works Advanced search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab at the top of the search form. 3. Click the Advanced link on the right side of the search form. 4. To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work. Tip You can also search reference works by clicking All Subscribed Reference Works. 5. From the Reference Work menu, select an encyclopedia, and then click Go. (If you have JavaScript enabled, you do not have to click Go.) If you subscribe to only one reference work only, that title displays as a link instead of as a drop-down menu. Note From the Levels menu, select one of the following options (if available): All Levels and Appendices: To search the entire encyclopedia, select this option. Level Name: To search a particular level within the encyclopedia, select this option. 6. In Term(s), enter your search term. See the field search tips for help narrowing your search. Note If your last successful search was an Advanced Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 7. From the within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. 8. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields:

125 Searching a. From the AND menu, select a connector. b. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. c. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. 8. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tipsstexpt_field_books_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search Browsing Reference Works Adding Quick Links Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Encyclopedia Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table 119

126 ScienceDirect Help JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 120

127 Searching Encyclopedia Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 121

128 ScienceDirect Help Encyclopedian Advanced Search Fields Advanced Search provides a variety of common document fields for you to search. To search a field 1. Type the search term. Tip Consider all other search tips when constructing a field search. 2. Select the appropriate field name from the within list. The Article Title field is searched by default. For example Entering heart attack and selecting Full Text from the list would find all the documents that include the words heart and attack in the document full text. The following common and specialized fields are available to search from Advanced Search: Tip To search other document fields, conduct an Expert Search. Field Name Description All Fields Abstract Authors Specific Author Article Titles Subheadings References Contains the entire article. Contains the full text of the abstract. Contains the names of the authors of the article. Contains the names of the authors of the document. Use this field when you want to find documents where your search terms occur in the same author field. See Search Tips for Names for more information. Contains the title of the article. Contains the section (and subsection) numbers and the section (and subsection) headings that structurally define the reference work document. Contains the bibliographic reference list of the article. 122

129 Searching Full-Text Contains the full text of the article, excluding references. Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 123

130 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert Reference Works Search Performing an Expert Reference Works Search From the Reference Works Expert search form, you can search subscribed reference works using Boolean syntax. Tip To search book series or handbooks, use the All Sources or Books Expert or Advanced search forms. Show Me To search multiple reference works using the Expert search form If you are already on the Reference Works Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Expert tab. 4. To search multiple reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. Tip To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work or select a reference work from the Reference Works list. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by subject or to specific reference works. To restrict by reference work a. Click Show Reference Works. Show Me b. Select All Subscribed Reference Works. OR Select one or more reference works from the Reference Works list. To select more than one reference work, hold the Control (Ctrl), Shift, or Command ( ) key, and then click the reference work you want to search. 124

131 Searching 6. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. Note If your last successful search was an expert reference works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 7. See field search tips for more information. 8. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching for a Specific Comprehensive or Encyclopedia Reference Work Searching Reference Works by Subject Browsing Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search Adding Quick Links 125

132 ScienceDirect Help Related Topics Reference Works Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 126

133 Searching Reference Works Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 127

134 ScienceDirect Help Reference Works Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, in an abstract, and in references. Tip When you search multiple reference works, you can search both comprehensive and encyclopedia reference works. The fields listed in this Help topic let you search both types of documents, but if you include search fields that are specific to one type of reference work in your multiple reference works search, you may inadvertently limit your search results. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title, abstract, and keywords fields, you could enter: title-abstr-key(renal failure) 128

135 Searching or tak(renal failure) Both queries would search the title, abstract, and keywords fields. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. Field Name Abbreviation Description Title-Abstr- Key tak Contains the title, abstract, and author or publisher's keywords. Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the document. Title ttl Contains the title of the document. Article-TOC sub Contains the section (and subsection) numbers and the section (and subsection) headings that structurally define a reference works document. References ref Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. Full-Text Contains the main part of the document or chapter. Related Topics Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 129

136 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert Comprehensive Reference Works Search From the Reference Works Expert Search page, you can search subscribed reference works using BBoolean syntax. Note To search book series or handbooks, you can use the All Sources or Books Expert or Advanced search forms. Show Me To search a comprehensive reference work using Expert Search If you are already on the Reference Works Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Expert tab. 4. To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work. Tip To search reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. 5. From the Reference Work menu, select a comprehensive reference work, and then click Go. (If you have JavaScript enabled, you do not have to click Go.) Note If you subscribe to only one reference work that title will display as a link instead of as a drop-down menu. 6. From the Volume menu, select the specific volume you want to search. OR Select All Volumes. 7. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. Note If your last successful search was an Expert Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 8. See field search tips for more information. 9. Click Search to execute the search. 130

137 Searching The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching Reference Works Browsing Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search Adding Quick Links Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced Comprehensive Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. 131

138 ScienceDirect Help Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 132

139 Searching Comprehensive Reference Works Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 133

140 ScienceDirect Help Comprehensives Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, and in references. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title field, you could enter: title(renal failure) or ttl(renal failure) Both queries would search the title field. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. 134

141 Searching Field Name Abbreviation Description Title ttl Contains the titles of the chapters in the reference work. Chapter- TOC sub Contains the text of the section (and subsection) headings from all the chapters in the reference work. Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the chapter in the reference work. Full-Text Contains the full text of the document, excluding references. References ref Contains the bibliographic reference materials. Related Topics Comprehensive Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 135

142 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Expert Encyclopedia Reference Works Search From the Reference Works Encyclopedia Expert search form, you can search an encyclopedia. Note To search book series or handbooks, you can use the All Sources or Books Expert or Advanced search forms. Show Me To search an encyclopedia using Expert Search If you are already on the Reference Works Expert search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Expert tab. 4. To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work. Tip To search reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. 5. From the Reference Work menu, select an encyclopedia, and then click Go. (If you have JavaScript enabled, you do not have to click Go.) If you subscribe to only one reference work only, that title will display as a link instead of a drop-down menu. Note If available, select one of the following options from the Levels menu: All Levels and Appendices: To search the entire encyclopedia, select this option. Level Name: To search a particular level within the encyclopedia, select this option. 6. In the Term(s) box, enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. Note If your last successful search was an Expert Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 7. See field search tips for more information. 8. Click Search to execute the search. 136

143 Searching The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tipsstexpt_field_books_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching Reference Works Browsing Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search Adding Quick Links Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Expert Search Tips Performing an Advanced Encyclopedia Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. 137

144 ScienceDirect Help Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 138

145 Searching Encyclopedia Reference Works Expert Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Prioritize your search terms. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Searching for Phrases Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 139

146 ScienceDirect Help Encyclopedias Expert Search Fields To restrict your search terms to specific fields, you can include a field name in your Expert search string. For example title (neurotoxin) would find all the documents that contain "neurotoxin" in their title. Searches that do not specify a specific field will search the full record. For example neurotoxin would find all documents where "neurotoxin" was mentioned anywhere in the document including in a title, in keywords, and in references. Field Search Syntax Field names can be entered in upper or lower case. Field names must be spelled exactly the way they are listed below, including hyphens. Use the following syntax to specify a field name in your search string: field_name (search_term) Where search_term is the term you want to find and field_name is one of the fields in the Field Name table. For many fields, you can enter 3-letter codes instead of the full field name. For Example To search the title field, you could enter: title(renal failure) or ttl(renal failure) Both queries would search the title field. Field name abbreviations, where available, are listed in the table below under Abbreviation. 140

147 Searching Field Name Abbreviation Description Authors aut Contains the names of the authors of the document. Title ttl Contains the English or non-english document title. Article- TOC Contains the section and sub-section headings that structurally define a document. References ref Contains the bibliographic reference list of the document. Full-Text Contains the full text of the document, excluding references. Abstract abs Contains the full text of a document's abstract. Related Topics Encyclopedia Reference Works Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 141

148 ScienceDirect Help Searching Reference Works by Subject Reference works are classified by one or more subjects. You can use these subject classifications to locate reference works of interest. For Example If you are researching psychology, you can restrict your reference work search to the Psychology subject. Tip You can browse reference works by subject on the Reference Works Browse page. To search reference works by subject If you are already on a Reference Works search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Expert or Advanced tab. 4. To search reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. OR To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work, and then select the reference work from the list. 5. Click Show Subjects. Show Me 6. From the Subject menu, select a subject from the Subject menu OR To search all available subjects, click All Sciences. Note To select more than one subject, hold the Control (Ctrl), Shift, or Command ( ) key and click each subject you want to select. A specific reference work may be categorized under more than one 142

149 Searching subject. 7. In Term(s), enter your search terms using Boolean search syntax. Note If your last successful search was an Expert Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 8. See field search tips for more information. 9. Click Search to execute the search with the options you selected. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 143

150 ScienceDirect Help Search History Search History Overview Displaying the documents retrieved by a search request In the Results column, click the number of documents found link to view the document list. Note The number of documents returned may be different if the search results are outdated. Clicking the number of documents found causes a new search is be run and current results to be displayed. Printing Search History Click Printable History to display a printable version of the Search History table in a secondary window. Additional Options Combining search requests Saving your current Search History Displaying a previously saved Search History Related Topics Recalling a Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 144

151 Searching Combining Searches When Search History is turned on, your search requests and their results are recorded in the Search History table which appears below the search form. You can combine up to five search requests from your Search History at one time using the Boolean operators AND and OR. Combining search requests creates a new search request which is then added to the Search History table. The maximum number of characters for a search request is limited to 3,000 characters. (Search requests which exceed this limit cannot be run.) To combine search requests from your Search History 1. In the Search History table, click the check box that appears to the left of the search requests you want to combine. 2. Click the appropriate Combine With link to run the combined search: Combine with AND: Select Combine With AND to retrieve only the documents that meet the criteria of all the selected search requests. Combine with OR: Select Combine With OR to retrieve documents which meet the criteria of at least one of the selected search requests. The combined search results will display. For example If the following searches are in your Search History table: (Chromosome clon!) [All Sources(Agricultural and Biological Sciences)] (Gene splic!)[all Sources(Medicine and Dentistry)] Selecting Combine with AND will retrieve documents that include both "gene" with a form of the word "splice" and "chromosome" with a form of the word "clone" that were subjectclassified as either Agricultural and Biological Sciences or Medicine and Dentistry, eliminating any documents that contain only one of the phrases. Selecting Combine with OR will retrieve documents that include either "gene" with a form of the word "splice" or "chromosome" with a form of the word "clone" that were subject-classified as either Agricultural and Biological Sciences or Medicine and Dentistry. Tip You can only combine search requests made from the same content area, and only when you are on the search form where you created the search. 145

152 ScienceDirect Help For Example You can combine searches from the Journals search form only when you are currently on the Journals search form. You can see which search requests can be combined, because those requests appear in the Search History table with a check box to the left of the search string. Show Me Search requests from a different content area and search form display with no check box. Note To combine those search requests, click on the appropriate search form and select the appropriate content area. Show Me Search requests created in the Advanced search form can be combined with search requests from the Expert search form, if they cover the same content area. Related Topics Overview of the Search History Table Saving Search History Recalling Search History Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 146

153 Searching Recalling a Search You can recall searches that you have saved. See Saving and Editing Searches for information about saving a search. Note See Recalling a Search History for information about recalling a saved Search History table. Running a Saved Search Request Modifying a Saved Search Request Deleting a Saved Search Request Running a Saved Search Request To run a saved search request If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. Note Search results will display according to your search preferences set in My Settings. 3. Click Retrieve New Articles Only to retrieve only those documents which have been added since you created the saved search request. Selecting this option automatically starts a search. If the search returns any new documents, the search results page appears. OR Click Retrieve All Articles to retrieve all available documents using the original search request. Selecting this option automatically starts a search. Return to top 147

154 ScienceDirect Help Modifying a Saved Search Request To modify a saved search request If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. 3. Click Modify Search to change the saved search request. For Example You could change the search terms, the fields searched, or the sources searched. 4. A search form with the saved search request will display. 5. Modify the search form. 6. Click Search to run the new search. 7. To save your changes, you must save this search request separately. Click Save Search on the search results page. Your modified search will be saved. Note The original saved search request is still available. You can keep the original search request or delete it. Return to top Deleting a Saved Search Request To delete a saved search If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. 3. Click Delete to remove the saved search from your saved searches. The saved search request will be deleted from the list. Note To return to the search form, click Search on the navigation bar. Return to top Related Topics Reviewing Search Results 148

155 Searching Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 149

156 ScienceDirect Help Recalling Search History You can recall a saved Search History table. See Saving Search History for information about saving a Search History table. Note See Recalling a Search for information about recalling a specific search request. To recall a Search History 1. Click Turn On located below the search form (if necessary). Show Me 2. Click Recall History located above the Search History table. 3. If the Optionally save the current search history as option is available, do one of the following; otherwise, go to step 4: If you do not want to save the current Search History table, leave this field blank and proceed to step 4. OR The Search History that you recall will replace the existing Search History table. 150

157 Searching If you want to save the current Search History table, enter a name for the table in Optionally save the current Search History as. Names are case-sensitive and must be less than 20 characters long. If you enter or select the name of an existing Search History, the search results currently listed in the Search History table replace the previously saved Search History. 4. In Select a search history, click the name of the Search History you want to recall. 5. Click Recall History to display the selected Search History. OR Click Delete to delete the selected Search History. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous search form without saving the search results that are currently listed in the Search History table or recalling a saved Search History. The search form will display, and the saved Search History will be listed in the Search History table. Related Topics Overview of the Search History Table Saving Search History Combining Searches Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 151

158 ScienceDirect Help Modifying Your Settings and Preferences Optional: In Job Title, enter your job title. Optional: In Phone Number, enter your telephone number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. Optional: In Fax Number, enter your fax number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. Optional: In Mailing Address, enter your street number and street name or your post office (P.O.) box number. Optional: In City, enter the name of your contact city. Optional: In the State/Province list, select your state or province. Note This option applies to North American addresses only. Optional: In Postal (Zip) Code, enter your postal code (zip code). Required: From the Country list, select a country. Optional: To change how search results and images display modify the following options: In Display Search Results, select the number of documents you want displayed on each page of your search results. In Display Images In HTML Full Text + Links Articles As, select one of the following options to determine how images are displayed within full-text documents. Select Thumbnails to display images as thumbnails within the text of the document. Select Full Size to display full-size images within the text of the document. In When Search History Is Turned On, select one of the following options to change how search history is displayed after a search request: Select Search Results Page to go directly to the search results page after submitting a search request. You can then view the search history table by returning to the search page. 152

159 Searching Select Search History Table to view the search history table after submitting a search. You can then view the search results page from the search history table. Optional: To change your preferences modify the following options: Select one of the following formats for multiple volume/issue alerts: Select Separate Messages For Each Volume/Issue to receive a separate message for each volume/issue alert. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive three messages. Select A Single Message Containing All Volume/Issues to receive one message for all of your volume/issue alerts. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive one message that contains links to the three titles named in the alerts. Select one of the following formats for ed links to documents on ScienceDirect : Select Include Separate Links To Each Article to receive a link to each individual document. Select Include One Link To the Results Page to receive one link that leads to a list of documents, such as a search results list. Select one of the following formats for other messages you receive from ScienceDirect: Select Formatted (HTML) to receive messages in HTML format. Select Plain Text (ASCII) to receive messages in plain-text format. Yes, Please Send Me Information...: Select this check box to receive s about future updates, releases, or related products. Optional: RefWorks Settings. To log in automatically when you export citations from ScienceDirect to RefWorks, enter your RefWorks account information as follows: o RefWorks Group Code: Enter a RefWorks Group Code. Your RefWorks Group Code cannot contain any spaces or periods(.). Note Your institution may have specified a Group Code for you. You can override your institution-defined Group Code by entering another Group Code. Please check with your librarian or information specialist for more information. To restore your original institution-defined Group Code, click Restore to Original Group Code. o o RefWorks Username: Enter your RefWorks login name. RefWorks Password: Enter your RefWorks password. 153

160 ScienceDirect Help Note Modifying your RefWorks user information in ScienceDirect does not change your RefWorks username or password in RefWorks. To change your RefWorks username or password, you must log in to RefWorks. However, if you are also a Scopus customer, changing your RefWorks information in ScienceDirect will also change your RefWorks information in Scopus. Required: Select the box indicating that you have read, understood, and agree to the terms and conditions described in the user agreement. Note To view the user agreement, click Registered User Agreement. Click Submit to update the information in your personal profile. OR Click Cancel to return to the My Settings page without saving the changes you made to your personal profile. Related Topics Managing Your Profile Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Scopus is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 154

161 Searching Saving Search History You can save the search requests listed in the Search History table and recall them at a later time. Saving Search History can be useful if you have multiple searches about a specific topic. Note You can save up to 10 search histories. 1. From the Search History table, click Save History As. 2. Type a name for the Search History in the Save Search History As field. Names are case-sensitive and must be less than 20 characters long. OR Select an existing saved Search History. If you enter or select an existing Search History, the current Search History will replace the saved history. 3. Click Save History. The search form will display with a confirmation message. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous search form without saving your Search History. Related Topics Overview of the Search History Table Recalling a Search Combining Searches Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 155

162 ScienceDirect Help Search Tips All Sources Advanced Search Tips Click the links within the following search tips for more information and examples of the search syntax: Choose search terms which are specific or closely related to the topic of interest. Use the Specific Author field when searching names. Use the singular form of the word. Enclose stop words in single quotes. Use connectors. Use wildcard characters to combine or eliminate search terms. Observe the guidelines for searching special characters and formulas. Search document fields to limit your search results. Related Topics All Sources Expert Search Tips Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 156

163 Searching Search Tips for Choosing Search Terms Choose search terms that are specific or are closely related to the topic of interest: Terms you might use when discussing the topic with a colleague including current jargon or buzzwords For example "kidney disease" OR "renal failure" Terms that reflect ideas essential to your research topic such as treatments, cures, or side-effects Alternative words and abbreviations For example mri OR magnetic resonance imaging Tip Avoid words that are too general, such as "cell" or "behaviour." Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 157

164 ScienceDirect Help Search Tips for Names To find an author, use the Specific Author field on the Advanced search form or the Specific- Author field on the Expert search form. The Specific Author field finds authors that are in the same field. Note The Author field on the Quick Search form searches the Author field and not the Specific Author field. For Example Searching for J Smith using the Specific Author field would only find results where both search terms were in the same author field, such as the following: J. Smith David J. Smith J.R. Smith Stephen J Craig-Smith It would not find results such as: T. Smith, J. Rolf because the two search terms are in different author fields; however, the Author field would find these documents. The order of the surname and first name does not matter when you use a Specific Author search. For example Searching for J S Smith would find both J S Smith and S J Smith. To specify which term is the first name and which is the last name, you can use the Expert Search form. For Example To only receive results for authors whose last name was Lee and first name included T, you could enter the following: specificauthor(authlastname(lee) AND authfirst(t)), which would find T.S. Lee, but not Lee T. Murphy. Enter initials with spaces and no periods. For example r j smith would find R J Smith, R.J. Smith, and Raymond J Smith. 158

165 Searching To search for authors with a quotation mark (') in their name, enter a backslash (\) before the single quote. For Example To find documents written by O'Sullivan, enter: 'o\'sullivan'. To find documents written by S O'Hara, use the Expert Search form and specify the author first and last names: specific-author(authlastname('o\'hara') AND authfirst(s)) Related Topics Search Tips for Connectors, Advanced Search or Expert Search Search Tips for Wildcard Characters Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 159

166 ScienceDirect Help Searching for Phrases You can search for phrases in three ways depending on how exact of a match you want to find. The following options are available: No quotation marks. To find documents that contain all of your search terms somewhere in the document, but not necessarily next to each other, enter your terms without quotation marks. AND will be automatically inserted between the terms. For Example If you enter heart attack, your search will be for heart AND attack. Double quotation marks (""). To find documents where all of your search terms appear together, enclose your phrase in double quotes. When you use double quotes: o AND is not automatically inserted between terms For Example Entering "heart attack" will return different results than heart attack because the latter would be searched as heart AND attack, which would find documents that contained both words, even if they were far apart from each other. The phrase "heart attack" would only find documents where heart and attack were adjacent to each other. o Punctuation is ignored. For Example Entering "C++" or "C" would return the same results, because "++" is ignored. o Wildcards are searched as wildcards. For Example Searching for "criminal* insan*" would find criminally insane and criminal insanity. Single quotation marks (' '). To find documents that contain your exact phrase, including punctuation, enclose your phrase in single quotes. When you use single quotes: o Stop words, punctuation, and special characters are searched. For Searching for 'C++' or 'C' will return different results because 160

167 Searching Example the "++" is considered in the search. o Wildcards will be searched as characters. For Example Searching for 'health care?' would return results such as: The myth of agency and patient choice in health care?. Note To search for single (') or double (") quote characters, place a backslash (\) before the quote character. Note Entering 'o\'sullivan' would search for O'Sullivan. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 161

168 ScienceDirect Help Searching for Specific Authors and Keywords A document can contain many authors and keywords. When you search for authors or keywords, you can specify if you want all of your search terms to be found in the same author or keyword field. To find your search terms within the same author field, use the Specific Author search field on the Advanced Search form or the Specific-Author field on the Expert Search form. For Example Entering specific-author(j Smith) would find results where the words J and Smith are in the same author field: J. Smith David J. Smith J.R. Smith Stephen J Craig-Smith It would not find results where the two terms were in different author fields, such as: J Wilson Bob Smith To specify which term is the first name and which is the last name, you can use the Authlastname and Authfirst fields on the Expert Search form. For Example To only receive results for authors whose last name was Lee and first name included T, you could enter the following: specificauthor(authlastname(lee) AND authfirst(t)), which would find T.S. Lee, but not Lee T. Murphy. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 162

169 Searching Search Tips for Connectors (Advanced Search) Select a connector from the drop-down menu when you include more than one term in your search. You can use connectors to search for more than one word in a single query. If you don't include a connector, AND will be automatically inserted between your search terms. To search for a specific phrase, enclose the terms in double (" ") or, for an exact match, single (' ') quotation marks. See Searching for Phrases for more information. Use the following connectors to construct a search string: Connector Description AND AND is the default connector. When you enter 2 or more search terms, AND is automatically inserted between any spaces or hyphens in the terms. For Example heart attack or heart-attack would both be searched as heart AND attack Use AND when you want all of the terms in your search query to appear in returned documents and when terms may be far apart from each other. For example lesion AND pancreatic OR Use OR when at least one of your search terms must appear in returned documents. You can use OR to search for synonyms, alternate spellings, or abbreviations. For example kidney OR renal 163

170 ScienceDirect Help AND NOT Use AND NOT to exclude specific terms from returned documents. Note This connector must be used at the end of a search string. For example ganglia OR tumor AND NOT malignant would find documents that contained the terms "ganglia" or "tumor", but not the term "malignant". Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 164

171 Searching Search Tips for Boolean Connectors (Expert Search) You can use connectors to specify the words you want to include or exclude from your search results and to search for more than one word in a single query. To search for a specific phrase, enclose the terms in double (" ") or, for an exact match, single (' ') quotation marks. See Searching for Phrases for more information. Use the following connectors to construct a search string: Connector Description AND When AND is used, all of the terms in your search query must appear in the returned documents even if the terms are far apart from each other. For example lesion AND pancreatic would only return documents that contained both the terms lesion and pancreatic. AND is the default connector. When you enter 2 or more search terms, AND is automatically inserted between any spaces or hyphens in the terms. For Example If you searched for heart attack or heart-attack both would be searched as heart AND attack. OR Use OR when at least one of your search terms must appear in returned documents. You can use OR to search for synonyms, alternate spellings, or abbreviations. For example kidney OR renal would return documents that contained either of the terms kidney or renal. 165

172 ScienceDirect Help AND NOT Use AND NOT to exclude specific terms from returned documents. For example ganglia OR tumor AND NOT malignant would find documents that contained the terms ganglia or tumor, but not the term malignant. W/nn Use W/nn to specify how far apart terms may appear in documents. W represents "within", and nn represents the maximum number of words between the terms. Note W/nn does not specify the word order. Either word may appear first. For example pain W/15 morphine would find documents that had the terms "pain" and "morphine" within 15 words of each other. To determine the value of the nn, consider the following guidelines: o o o To find terms in the same phrase, use W/3, W/4, or W/5. To find terms in the same sentence, use W/15. To find terms in the same paragraph, use W/50. PRE/nn Use PRE/nn to find documents in which the first term precedes the second term within a specified number of words. PRE represents "precedes" and nn represents the maximum number of words between the terms. For example behavioural PRE/3 disturbances would find documents in which behavioural precedes disturbances by three or less words. Connector Tips 166

173 Searching Do not mix the W and PRE connectors in the same search query, unless you use parentheses. For Example bay W/6 ship PRE/0 channel would be an invalid search because it uses both the W and PRE connectors. Do not use the OR connector in the same search query as a W or PRE connector, unless you use parentheses. For Example bay W/6 ship OR channel is an invalid search. Connectors and OR can only be included in the same search query if parentheses are used. For Example title-abs-key((b?y W/6 ship*) AND (ship* PRE/0 channel)) title-abs-key((bay W/6 ship) OR channel) If you use different numbers for n in the same search query, the final number will be used for all values of n. For Example Entering coronary W/2 circadian W/5 rhythm would actually search for coronary W/5 circadian W/5 rhythm because 5 is the last value for n. Note The search query text on the search results page will still display your original search query. Related Topics Prioritize Search Terms (Expert Search) Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 167

174 ScienceDirect Help Search Tips for Wildcard Characters You can use wildcard characters and truncation to easily combine or eliminate search words, making your search simpler. Use the following tips when you search with wildcard characters: Wildcard Description * Use an asterisk (*) to replace zero or more characters in a search word. For example, you could use * to find a root word plus all the words made by adding letters to the end of it. For example h*r*t will find heart, harvest, homograft, or hypervalent, and others.? Use a question mark (?) to replace exactly one character in a search word. Use one question mark for each character you want to replace. For example gro?t would find grout, or groat, but it would not find groundnut or grommet. If you use question marks to replace letters, make sure the number of question marks in the search term corresponds to the number of letters that you want to replace exactly. For example transplant?? would find "transplanted" and "transplanter". Note transplant?? would not find "transplantation", "transplanting", or "transplant". Two wildcard characters were used, so only words with two extra characters would be found. To find all variations of "transplant", use the asterisk (*) wildcard character. Use a question mark to hold a space for certain variations in spelling at any point in a word. 168

175 Searching For example bernst??n would find both the "ei" and the "ie" spelling of the name. Note For some words, it is better to use the asterisk to account for spelling variations. For example, searching for behavio?r would not return results that included "behavior"; however, searching for behavio*r would return results that included both "behavior" and "behaviour". Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 169

176 ScienceDirect Help Supported Character Set ScienceDirect will now support the UTF-8 character set, which means that you can enter all UTF- 8 characters directly in the search form, including non-roman and accented characters. See the Unicode web site for more information about UTF-8. Special Character Example Greek alphabet To search the Greek letter Ω, enter Ω or omega. Subscript and superscript Enter subscripted and superscripted characters on the same line as the other characters. To search for the chemical notation "H 2 O," enter: H2O. Accented characters To search for the name Fürst, enter: Fürst or Furst. Nonalphanumeric characters Certain non-alphanumeric characters such as hyphens, brackets, asterisks, bullets, arrows, daggers, plus signs, and minus signs are treated as delimiters and are not searchable unless they are enclosed in single quotation marks. For Example To search for the term high-risk, enter: 'highrisk'. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 170

177 Searching Search Tips for Singular/Plural Words Use the following tips to search for singular or plural words: Using the singular form of a word will find the singular, plural, and possessive forms of most words. For example city would find city, cities, and city's criterion will locate criteria and criterion Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 171

178 ScienceDirect Help Search Tips for Prioritizing Search Terms (Expert Search) When you use more than one connector or proximity operator in a search request, the operators are processed in the following order: Order of Precedence 1. OR 2. W/n PRE/n 3. AND 4. AND NOT For example The search query pain W/15 morphine AND ganglia OR tumor OR lesion would be processed in the following order: 1. OR: First, the program processes the OR connector by looking for documents containing "ganglia," "tumor," or "lesion." 2. W/15: Next, the program looks for documents where "pain" is within 15 words of "morphine". 3. AND: Finally, AND operates last. Connector Guidelines The following guidelines also apply to connectors: If you use two or more of the same connector, they are processed from left to right. If you use different numbers for n in the same search query, the final number will be used for all values of n. (If the numbers are the same, they operate left to right.) For Example Entering coronary W/2 circadian W/5 rhythm, would actually search for coronary W/5 circadian W/5 rhythm because 5 is the last number used with a connector. 172

179 Searching Note The search query text on the search results page will display your original search query. Use parentheses to change the connector priority. Connectors inside parentheses have priority over, or operate before, connectors used outside parentheses. Terms in parentheses are processed in the same order that they are input. For example For example, the search (morphine AND ganglia) OR tumor would be processed in the following order: 1. Articles that contained the words morphine and ganglia would be found. 2. Then, articles that contained the word tumor would be found. Do not mix the W and PRE connectors in the same expression. For Example bay W/6 ship PRE/0 channel would be an invalid search because it uses both the W and PRE connectors. Do not use the OR connector in the same expression as a W or PRE connector. For Example bay W/6 ship OR channel is an invalid search. You can use parentheses to include different operators or use OR in the same search. For Example title-abs-key((b?y W/6 ship*) AND (ship* PRE/0 channel)) title-abs-key((bay W/6 ship) OR channel) Related Topics Search Tips for Connectors (Expert Search) Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 173

180 ScienceDirect Help Search Tips for Handling Stop Words Stop words are not searchable unless they are enclosed in single (' ') or double (" ") quotation marks. The following common, frequently used words are stop words: about again all almost also although always am among an and another are as at be because been before being between both but by can could did do does done due during each either enough especially etc ever for found from further had hardly has have having hence her here him his how however if in into is it its itself just made mainly make might most mostly must nearly neither obtained of often on onto or our overall perhaps quite rather really regarding said seem seen several she should show showed shown shows significantly since so some such than that the their theirs them then there thereby therefore these they this those through thus to too upon use used using various very viz. was we were what when where whereby wherein whether which while whom whose why with within without would you The word "not" is not a stop word, but it is a reserved word. It can be searched by enclosing the word in single quotation marks as 'not'. For example To search for the phrase, not contested, enter your search string as 'not contested'. The word "a" is a common word, but not a stop word. To search for a phrase containing these words, enter the entire phrase as your search request. For example To search for the phrase one in a million, enter your search string as 'one in a million'. 174

181 Searching If you are not sure whether a word is a stop word, omit the word from your search string and use the W/nn proximity connector to account for the word's presence in the search request. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 175

182 ScienceDirect Help Refining Searches Saving and Editing Searches You can save and edit a search from search results pages. Note The Save Search and Edit Search links are not available from Quick Search results pages. 1. Perform a search from the Advanced or Expert search forms. 2. From the search results page, click Edit Search to return to the search form where you created your search and edit your search request. OR Click Save Search to save a search request for future use. A saved search request can be recalled and run again to retrieve documents which have been added since the last time the search was run or to retrieve all related documents at another time. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 176

183 Searching Searching for Favorite or Subscribed Publications From the Advanced and Expert All Sources, Books, and Journals search forms, you can search for subscribed or favorite publications. To search for subscribed or favorite publications If you are already on the All Sources, Journals or Books search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the All Sources, Journals, or Books tab at the top of the search form. 3. Click the Advanced Search or Expert Search link on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Select the source you want to search from the Source menu: All Sources, All Books, or All Journals: Select one of these options to search all subscribed sources, all books, or all journals. Subscribed Sources, Subscribed Books, or Subscribed Journals: Select one of these options to search all sources, books, or journals for which you have a subscription. My Favorite Sources, My Favorite Books or My Favorite Journals: Select one of these options to search all sources, books, or journals included on your My Favorite Journals and Books list. Include Articles in Press: If searching journals, select Include Articles in Press to search articles that are in the process of being published. 6. Click Search to search only for subscribed or favorite sources. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. The Search Results page appears if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. If your search produces an extremely large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow the results list (see the search tips for suggestions). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. 177

184 ScienceDirect Help Related Topics Managing Favorites Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 178

185 Searching Restricting Your Search by Date From the Advanced and Expert search forms, you can specify the publication year range for the documents you want to search. You can specify a search date range from the All Sources, Journals, and Books search forms. To restrict your search by date If you are already on a search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Select the appropriate search tab: All Sources, Journals, or Books. 3. Click the Advanced or Expert tab on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Select a date range for your search from the Dates box: o Date to Date: Select the beginning and ending publication years for the documents you want to search. o For Example Show Me To conduct a search of documents published from 1998 to 2001, select 1998 from the drop-down menu, and then select 2001 from the drop-down menu. o o o By default, the Dates option is set to search the last ten years (or the earliest date available for the publication if it is less than ten years). All Years: Select this option to search all available years of the publication. 6. Click Search to execute the search with the options you selected. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Related Topics Performing a Advanced or Expert Journals Search 179

186 ScienceDirect Help Performing a Advanced or Expert All Sources Search Performing a Advanced or Expert Books Search Performing a Advanced or Expert Reference Works Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 180

187 Searching Searching by Document Type From the Journals search form, you can restrict your search by document type. For Example You could search only articles or review articles. To search for specific types of documents If you are already on the search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Select the Journals search tab. 3. Click the Advanced or Expert tab. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Select one or more of the following document types from the Limit By Document Type list to narrow your search. Note If you do not select a document type, your search will include all document types. 6. Show Me 7. o o o o o o o o o o Article: A complete report on original research. Review Article: A substantial overview of original research that usually contains a comprehensive bibliography. Short Survey: A brief review of original research. Short Communication: A short report or announcement of research which usually has a shorter publication time than other papers within the same publication. It may appear in the publication under other names, such as Letter Papers, Preliminary Notes. Correspondence, Letter: A letter to the editor or a reply to the letter. Discussion: An argumentative communication, such as a perspective or commentary. Book Review: A critical discussion of a book's contents. Product Review: A review of software, hardware, or some other type of product. Editorial: An article from the editor or guest editor of a publication. A Foreword or Preface may also be assigned this document type. Publisher's Note: A message from the publisher to the readers. 181

188 ScienceDirect Help o Erratum: An article in which errors are reported that were made in an earlier publication in the same book. An erratum may also appear in the publication as a Corrigendum. 8. Click Search to execute the search with the options you selected. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Related Topics Performing a Advanced or Expert Books Search Performing a Advanced or Expert Journals Search Performing a Advanced or Expert Reference Works Search Performing a Advanced or Expert All Sources Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 182

189 Searching Searching by Volume, Issue, and Page Number From the Advanced Books and Journals search forms, you can search by volume, issue, and page number. For Example You could search for a specific volume of a book series. To search by page or volume number If you are already on a search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Select the appropriate search tab: Journals or Books. 3. Click the Advanced tab on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box. 5. Enter the volume number, issue number, and page number (or range) in the appropriate field(s), using the following guidelines: You can use one or all of these fields in your search request. Enter arabic (standard) numbers for documents that use arabic numbering and use roman numerals for documents that use roman numbering. Note Arabic numbers and roman numerals as not treated as equivalents. For Example If you search for "5" on the search form, your search will not retrieve volumes numbered with "V". You can enter page numbers as a range, but your search will retrieve only documents whose page information matches your entry in the Page field exactly. For example Entering 1-5 in the Page field will find documents with a page count of "1-5", but will not find documents with the following page count:

190 ScienceDirect Help A number string is searchable in the same manner as an alpha-character string. Wildcard characters can be used as long as the wildcard character is not used to represent the first character. For example If the document page count appears as 14-27, you can enter any one of the following in the Page field: *-2* Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 184

191 Searching Searching by Publication Type From the Advanced and Expert All Sources search forms, you can search specific ScienceDirect content types, such as journals. Search Form/Content Type Journals Books Book Series Handbooks Reference Works All Sources Search X X X X X Journals Search X Books Search X X X X Reference Works Search X To search specific ScienceDirect sources If you are already on a search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Select the All Sources tab. Note You can also search by source from individual search forms. 3. Click the Advanced Search or Expert Search link on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Select one or more of the following source types from the Sources list to restrict your search: Show Me Journals: Select the Journals check box to search journals. This option is selected by default. 185

192 ScienceDirect Help All Books : Select the All Books check box to search all books. All books includes book series, handbooks, reference works, and books. This option is selected by default. 6. Click Search to execute the search with the options you selected. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 186

193 Searching Searching for Documents by Subject From the Advanced and Expert search forms, you can choose to search for documents about a particular subject or subjects. To search for documents on a particular subject If you are already on a search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Select the appropriate search tab: All Sources, Journals, Books, or Reference Works. 3. Click the Advanced or Expert tab on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Do one of the following: If you are searching Reference Works, click show subjects. Show Me Select a subject from the Subject menu Click All Sciences to search all available subjects. Show Me 187

194 ScienceDirect Help Note To select more than one subject, hold the Control (Ctrl), Shift, or Command ( ) key and click each subject you want to select. A specific journal, book series, handbook, or reference work may be categorized under more than one subject. 6. Click Search to execute the search with the options you selected. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 188

195 Searching Recalling a Search You can recall searches that you have saved. See Saving and Editing Searches for information about saving a search. Note See Recalling a Search History for information about recalling a saved Search History table. Running a Saved Search Request Modifying a Saved Search Request Deleting a Saved Search Request Running a Saved Search Request To run a saved search request If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. Note Search results will display according to your search preferences set in My Settings. 3. Click Retrieve New Articles Only to retrieve only those documents which have been added since you created the saved search request. Selecting this option automatically starts a search. If the search returns any new documents, the search results page appears. OR Click Retrieve All Articles to retrieve all available documents using the original search request. Selecting this option automatically starts a search. Return to top 189

196 ScienceDirect Help Modifying a Saved Search Request To modify a saved search request If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. 3. Click Modify Search to change the saved search request. For Example You could change the search terms, the fields searched, or the sources searched. 4. A search form with the saved search request will display. 5. Modify the search form. 6. Click Search to run the new search. 7. To save your changes, you must save this search request separately. Click Save Search on the search results page. Your modified search will be saved. Note The original saved search request is still available. You can keep the original search request or delete it. Return to top Deleting a Saved Search Request To delete a saved search If you are already on the Recall Search page, skip to step From any search form, click Recall Search. 2. Select a saved search request. 3. Click Delete to remove the saved search from your saved searches. The saved search request will be deleted from the list. Note To return to the search form, click Search on the navigation bar. Return to top Related Topics Reviewing Search Results Adding Quick Links 190

197 Searching Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 191

198 ScienceDirect Help Reviewing Search Results Your search term or search string in Boolean syntax. Note To save your search, copy the search string, and then paste it into an Expert Search form. You can then save it or create a search alert. The total number of documents found. A link to create an RSS feed for the search results. Click Search Feed to create an RSS feed for the current search. The RSS feed provides links to new articles that match your search criteria. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. From the Search Results page, the following options are available: Opening Documents Navigating Article Lists Viewing the Article List or Full Abstracts Refining Article Lists ing Documents or Exporting Document Citations Saving or Editing Your Search Creating a Search Alert Related Topics Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Journals Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Books Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Reference Works Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Quick Search About RSS 192

199 Searching Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 193

200 ScienceDirect Help Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons The Full-text available and Non-subscribed icons indicate whether or not you can view the full-text of a document in ScienceDirect. The icons display next to document citations, journal and book titles, and journal and book volumes/issues. Full-text Available and Non-Subscribed Icons Determining Your Access Options Viewing Subscription Information and Content Coverage Full-text Available ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the full-text of a document. You can access the full-text of a document if it is included in your institution's subscription, is a Sponsored Article, or is freely available. A list of free titles is available on the ScienceDirect INFO site. Non-Subscribed ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the abstract of the document. To view the full-text, you may be able to purchase the document or use your institution's account. Note Online purchasing and institutional account access features are not available to all customers. If you do not have access to these features, please contact your librarian or information specialist. Online Purchasing: You may be able to purchase the document using a credit card. The Shopping Cart can be used to purchase full-text access to multiple documents with a single credit card transaction, or if the shopping cart is not available, you may still be able to purchase a single document. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of your purchase. Institutional Account Access: You may be able to view documents using your institution's account. If this option is available, a charge (or deduction) will be made to your institution's account according to the terms of their contract. Return to top 194

201 Searching Determining Your Access Options 1. Click one of the SummaryPlus, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) links. 2. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: Return to top The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 195

202 ScienceDirect Help Searching FAQs How do I search ScienceDirect? ScienceDirect 1. Click the Search button on the navigation bar. The search page will open. 2. The search page offers several different search forms, including: All Sources: Use the All Sources search form to search all journals, books, and reference works in ScienceDirect. Journals: Use the Journals search form to search only journals by volume, issue, and page number. You can also search by document type, e.g. articles, review articles, letters, etc. 196

203 Searching Note Web Editions customers and Guests do not have access to full search functionality, but can use Quick Search. For more information on searching ScienceDirect, please see the following interactive tutorial: Performing an Advanced Search Performing an Advanced Search Web Editions, Guest Users and Society Members: The full search feature is not available, but you can use Quick Search. How do I search just my subscribed journals and books? 1. Click the Search button on the navigation bar. The search page will open. 2. Select the type of publication you want to search. Click Journals to search journals. OR Click Books to search books. 197

204 ScienceDirect Help 3. Select Subscribed journals/books or My favorite journals/books from the Source list. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 198

205 Publications Browsing Journals and Books Browsing a Journal, Book Series, or Handbook Browsing a Book Viewing More Information About this Title Viewing Articles in Press Adding this Title to Favorites or Volume/Issue Alerts Navigating a Volume and Issue List Searching this Title Viewing Subscription Information Adding Quick Links Adding RSS Feeds Browsing a Journal, Book Series, or Handbook Home Page You can browse all available volumes and issues of a journal, book series, or handbook on a publication home page. To browse a journal, book series, or handbook home page 1. Browse or Search for a publication. 2. Click the plus symbol (+) or volume name to view the issue numbers, page ranges, and dates within that volume. Browse the table of contents of an issue by clicking one of the issues in the volume list. Show Me 199

206 ScienceDirect Help Notes The table of contents for the most recent volume/issue will display by default. Not all volumes/issues are displayed in this condensed format. Page range information may not be available for all issues. If a volume or issue is dedicated to a specific topic, the special issue title is displayed below the volume or issue information. 3. Do one of the following: Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Return to top Select documents to or export. Click Article List (default view) or Full Abstracts to see different views of the list. Click to add the link to the Quick Links section of your home page. Select the documents that you want to view in the list, and then click. 200

207 Publications Browsing a Book Home Page You can browse the table of contents for a book on a book home page. Note  Each book edition has a separate home page. To browse a book home page 1. Browse or Search for a publication. 2. For book home pages, click a table of contents section or the plus symbol (+) to expand a section. The section will expand to display one of the following options: A list of documents for that section. OR A list of sub-sections. If necessary, click the plus symbol (+) next to the sub-section name to view documents for the sub-section. 3. Do one of the following: Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Return to top Click to add the link to the Quick Links section of your home page. Viewing More Information About this Title The following links to additional information may be available from this page for journals, book series, and handbooks: Note Each of these links opens in a secondary browser window. Cover Image: Links to the publisher's Web site. Sample Issue Online: Links to a free issue of the publication. 201

208 ScienceDirect Help About this Journal/Book Series/Handbook : Links to more information about the publication such as ordering information, dispatch dates, a description of the journal, and information about the Editorial Board. Submit your Article : Links information related to submitting and tracking procedures for authors. Related Learned Society: Links to a subject-related learned society's Web site. More Journal Features: Links to features available for specific journals such as cumulative indexes, thesauri, or electronic annexes. Associations with Other Publications: If this publication is associated with another title because of a name change, merger, or split, the associated publication's name(s) and reason for the change appear at the top of page. This note generally states "Formerly part of publication name" or "Incorporated into publication name". Issues are listed with the name under which they were originally published. For Example If a publication's name changes, both the old and new name appear in the list, and the relevant issues are listed under the appropriate title. Links are available to access associated publications. Issue Not Yet Available: Issues are available online as soon as possible. Missing issues may appear in the volume/issue list with the notation, "Issue not yet available," which links to an explanation of why the issue is not available. This notation appears until the missing issue becomes available. Return to top Viewing Articles in Press A link to Articles in Press for a journal, book series, or handbook may display in the volume list. Click the link to view a list of articles that have been accepted for publication but have not been assigned to a publication volume or issue. The following three types of Articles in Press may appear in ScienceDirect : Accepted manuscripts: Accepted manuscripts are articles that have been peerreviewed and accepted for publication by the Editorial Board. These articles have not yet been copy edited and/or formatted in the journal house style. Uncorrected proofs: Uncorrected proofs have been copy edited and formatted, but have not been finalized and may still be corrected by the authors, so the text could change before final publication. Corrected proofs: Corrected proofs contain authors' corrections and may or may not have specific issue and page numbers assigned. When the final article is available and published in an issue of the journal, the corresponding Article in Press link is removed. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds 202

209 Publications You can create an RSS feed for a publication by clicking Article Feed. The RSS feed provides links to articles that have been added to the publication. Note  RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Bookmarking Pages Managing Favorites Managing Volume/Issue Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 203

210 ScienceDirect Help Journal FAQs Why are some issues not available online? An issue may not be online for one of the following reasons: ScienceDirect did not receive the issue, and it has not been identified in our tracking database. These are truly "missing" issues, so if you identify one, please notify us using the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page. The missing issue has been identified, but is currently not available online. This may be due to technical reasons, or possible delivery and production problems. We regularly follow-up with our suppliers until we have these issues online. ScienceDirect is working to make available all issues of journals, where possible. Some issues may be difficult to trace or require special handling in production, which can delay their availability online. Rather than delay the entire journal title and its issues, we make them available on an issue-by-issue basis. Unfortunately, ScienceDirect cannot provide precise dates for when these journal issues will become available. What is the Freedom Collection? The Freedom Collection is an annual sales offering and consists of nearly all Elsevier journals covered by ScienceDirect (for which we have permission to make available to customers). Access to all these titles goes back to the start date of the customer's contracted content. Pricing for the non-subscribed titles in the collection is heavily discounted. It does not include what we call "Third-party Journals"- Cell Press, Anderson Publishing, American Psychology Association and a few individual titles owned by societies. Likewise, any title that has been transferred to another publisher is not generally included, as we do not always have the necessary legal rights. Journal content prior to 1995 is also not included. As new titles are added to ScienceDirect throughout the year, they are automatically added to the (Complete) Freedom Collection. Updates of titles to ScienceDirect occur on a quarterly schedule, after which availability of the titles is communicated to customers on our mailing list, as well as through the ScienceDirect newsletter SD Connect and the ScienceDirect Info Site. Are online journals available for personal subscribers? No, ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institutional level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer personal subscriptions to ScienceDirect. However, Elsevier has numerous journals available online through other platforms, designed for individuals with a print subscription. For more information about these journals please visit the journal home page on the Elsevier Web site. How does ScienceDirect handle mixed volume journals like BBA? ScienceDirect has historically made an effort to have online journal collections appear as they do in print; however, some journals have shared volume/issue numbering which causes technical difficulties when displaying them on the web. 204

211 Publications The journal sections of Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) are an example of shared volume numbering. Since ScienceDirect stores all titles using the journal ISSN as the primary key, BBA is categorized on the Web according to its ISSNs, so all BBA sections are listed separately. We are aware that this can be confusing; however, unless we rearrange the technical infrastructure of ScienceDirect, we cannot group or cluster complete collections of journals with multiple sections and ISSNs. The ScienceDirect Info site lists the volume numbering for the following journals: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Analytica Chimica Acta/Vibrational Spectroscopy Journal of Chromatography European Journal of Pharmacology Journal of Molecular Structure/Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM A list of volume numbers for the following journals that have the same display functionality is expected in 2006: Mutation Research and Sections Journal of Biotechnology/Reviews in Molecular Biotechnology Psychiatry Research/Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Brain Research and Sections Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology and Sections Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems/Laboratory Information Management Chemical Geology and its Isotope Geoscience Section How do I find the Impact Factor of a journal? To identify the Impact Factor for a journal: 1. Navigate to the table of contents page for the journal on ScienceDirect (The page with the list of volumes and issues). 2. Click on the picture of the journal cover on the right-hand side of the page. The Elsevier.com web site will open in another browser window. 3. Scroll to the bottom of the Elsevier journal page to find the Impact Factor for that journal. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 205

212 ScienceDirect Help Article FAQs Why can't I view a document as a PDF? (Adobe Acrobat Reader problem) Some clients have reported problems using Adobe Acrobat Reader version 6.0 to open certain documents. We recommend that you upgrade your Acrobat Reader software to the latest version. Click on the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. If a document is missing or corrupt what should I do? 1. If you identify a missing or corrupt document, click the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page in ScienceDirect to notify us. 2. On the Contact Us page, select Content. Include as much detail as possible in the comments box, e.g. journal name, volume, issue, page number, HTML or PDF. 3. Click Send to submit the information to us. How do I see what content I have full text access to? (How do I use the Electronic Holdings Report?) There are two ways of viewing content you have full text access to: On browse pages, you can click on a subscription icon to view the ScienceDirect coverage content range and how much of the content your institution has full access to. The icons indicate the following: 206

213 Publications The book is part of your current subscription. The book is not part of your current subscription. The book is part of a package to which you have a complimentary subscription. You can view details of your institution's complete journal, book series, and handbook subscriptions using the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. To access the report: 1. Go to 2. Click the My Settings button. 3. Click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Reports. 4. If you have already generated a report, the report will appear. OR To generate a report, click Generate New Reports. For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. The date of the last generated report is displayed at the top of the screen. To view the holdings report, select the appropriate combination of subscribed, non-subscribed, and not available titles, and then specify the report format. Available options include browser-friendly or printer-friendly views. In addition, you can download the report into a spreadsheet or to an OPAC system. 207

214 ScienceDirect Help For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. How do I generate a new holdings report? 1. Click Generate Holdings Report. Note If you do not see this link, then the holdings report for your account was generated by someone else less than 24 hours ago and is current. To generate a new report you must wait 24 hours. 2. The Generate New Reports dialog will display. 3. If you want to be notified by when the reports are ready enter your address. 4. Click Generate New Reports. Note You will receive an notification when the report has been generated. You can carry on working or even log off the report generation will continue. 5. When you receive the notification , click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report, which will take you to the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings page. How can I get free access to full text? ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institute level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer individual subscriptions to ScienceDirect. ScienceDirect is accessible for guests through the public domain, but with less functionality than that available to licensed users. Functionality for guest users includes the following: Performing a Quick Search Setting up Issue and Topic alerts Saving a favorite journals list Browsing through journals including back files, books, and reference works 208

215 Publications Viewing table of contents and abstracts Buying full text articles using a credit card Functionality for guest users does not include the following functionality: Performing Advanced and Expert searches Exporting citations to a reference management software program, such as Reference Manager, Procite, and EndNote Viewing and tracking articles that have cited a selected article Reference linking to other articles Setting up Search alerts Turning on Search History ing article citations Where can I find the supplementary information for an article? Certain electronic articles can contain supplementary electronic information, e.g. video, audio, background data, additional reading, etc. that is not possible in the printed version of the article. In the printed version of such an article, only an indicator appears that supplementary information is available in the electronic version, typically with a Digital Object Identifier with which you can link to the electronic article. In the electronic version, supplementary information may appear anywhere within the article where this information is referred, or it may appear at the end of the article in a separate section. Why can't I access pre-1995 articles? The files you are trying to access are called "backfiles". These are archive files and belong to a backfiles subject package that your institution does not subscribe to. For more information on getting access to these journals please contact your librarian or information specialist. To view pre-1995 articles when you don't have institutional access: Elsevier offers a "pay-per-view" option that allows you to purchase single articles using a credit card. To use the pay-per-view option, you will need to register as a Guest User on ScienceDirect, and you will need a credit card. Most articles cost US $30 per article. The final price (including any taxes) will be indicated on the purchase page before you confirm your payment. Once you receive confirmation of payment, you can view, download, and print the article for 24 hours only. More information on registering and purchasing can be found on the ScienceDirect home page by clicking the Guest User Info link. How long is my article accessible after I purchase it? Your article is available to view, download, and print for 24 hours after your purchase is confirmed. During those 24 hours, you can right click on the PDF link and select Save Target As (or Save Link As) to save the file on your computer desktop for easy retrieval. You should then be able to access the file directly from your desktop. How can I link to an article/volume? You can link directly to resources on ScienceDirect in a number of ways. See Setting up shortcut links for more information. 209

216 ScienceDirect Help A full list of shortcut links to ScienceDirect pages is also available. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 210

217 Publications Performing an Advanced Journals Search In Term(s), enter your search term. From the Within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. If you are performing a field-restricted search, search the common fields listed in the Advanced field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: From the AND menu, select a connector. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, document type, date, or volume, issue, and page number or search for subscribed and favorite books. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tipsstadv_field_journal_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 211

218 ScienceDirect Help Additional Options Searching for subscribed journals, favorite journals, or Articles in Press Restricting your search by subject, document type, or date Recalling a saved search Rerunning searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Journals Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Journals Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 212

219 Publications Performing an Advanced Books Search In Term(s), enter your search term. From the Within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. Tip We recommend searching the common fields listed in the Advanced field search tips. Otherwise, you may unintentionally eliminate one of the sources you included in your search. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: From the AND menu, select a connector. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. Optional: Restrict your search by subject, date, volume, issue, and page number, or search for subscribed and favorite books. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow results. (See search tips for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me 213

220 ScienceDirect Help Additional Options Searching for Subscribed and Favorite Books Restrict your search by Subject, Date, or Volume, Issue, and Page Number Recalling a Saved Search Rerunning Searches Adding Quick Links Related Topics Books Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Books Search Overview of the Search History Table Browsing a Publication Home Page Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 214

221 Publications Navigating Article Lists ScienceDirect provides a variety of buttons and links to help you navigate through search results and publication home pages. Navigating an Article List You can navigate through a list of article citations using the previous and next buttons. o Click previous page or Prev to return to the previous set of documents. OR Click next page or Next to view the next set of documents. Navigating a Volume and Issue List You can navigate though volumes and issues for a publication using the previous and next volume/issue buttons. o Click Previous vol/iss to view the contents of the previous volume or issue of the selected publication. The Previous vol/iss button is only available when an earlier volume or issue of the selected journal is available on ScienceDirect. OR Click Next vol/iss to view the contents of the next volume or issue of the selected publication. The Next vol/iss button is only available when a later volume or issue of the selected journal is available on ScienceDirect. Related Topics Browsing a Publication Home Page Reviewing Search Results Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 215

222 ScienceDirect Help Reference Works Browsing Reference Works To view a list of reference works 1. Click on the Navigation bar. 2. In the Browse box, click Journals/Books Alphabetically. A list of all journals and books will display. Note The type of publication displays in the Content Type column. Possible publication types include: Journal Book Book Series Handbook Reference Work 3. Clear the Journals and Book Series check box. 4. Select Reference Works only to include only reference works in the browse list. Note Selecting Reference Works only will automatically clear the All Books selection option. 5. Optional: Filter the list of publications by subscription status and publication type. Note If you are logged in, we will remember your filter selections the next time you browse publications alphabetically or by subject. However, when browsing favorites, all subscription options and publication types are included in your list by default. 6. Select which titles to include in the browse list based on full-text availability. Select Full-text available to include the journals and books that are part of your subscription or freely available. You can view the full-text of documents in these journals and books. 216

223 Publications Select Non-subscribed to include journals and books that are not part of your subscription. Full-text access to documents may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. 7. Click to save your settings. The browse list will display all reference works. 8. Click a letter on the alphabetical browse bar to view reference works that begin with that letter. Show Me Note The current letter is highlighted. OR Click All to display all available reference works in alphabetical order. 9. To open a reference work home page, click the title of the reference work that you want to view. 10. From the Browse box, click the appropriate reference work section: Click Article Titles to browse an alphabetical list of documents included in the reference work. (Encyclopedia reference works only.) Click Authors to view a list of authors who contributed documents or chapters to the reference work. Click General Information to browse information about the reference work, such as an introduction or the names of the Editors-in-Chief and Section Editors. Click Subject Index to browse a hierarchical index of concepts and terms covered in the reference work. Click Table of Contents to browse a list of volumes and chapters (or their equivalent) for the reference work. (Comprehensive reference works only.) Click Glossary to browse and search definitions of concepts and terms covered in the reference work. Click Classification to browse the hierarchical classification scheme devised by the Editors-in-Chief to encompass the whole content of the encyclopedia. (Encyclopedia reference works only.) Note The name of the Classification and Glossary tabs varies between reference works. For Example In the Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, the classification tab is named "Thematic Index," but in the International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, the classification tab is named "Subject Classification." Additional Options 217

224 ScienceDirect Help Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing Subscription Information Adding Quick Links Related Topics Performing a Reference Works Search, Advanced and Expert Performing a Comprehensive Reference Works Search, Advanced and Expert Performing an Encyclopedia Reference Works Search, Advanced and Expert Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 218

225 Publications Browsing Reference Work Article Titles The Article Titles page lists citations for all the documents in an Encyclopedia reference work and contributing author names. It also provides links to the full-text of a document. To browse documents from the Article Titles list If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Article Titles. A list of document citations for the reference work will display. Show Me 3. Click a letter on the alphabetical browse bar to view documents that begin with that letter. Show Me OR If available, click APPENDICES to view the appendices. 4. Click a document link to open it. 219

226 ScienceDirect Help Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Additional Options Opening Documents Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Search Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 220

227 Publications Browsing Reference Work Authors The Authors page lists those authors whose articles or chapters appear in a reference work. Author names are listed in alphabetical order by surname. To browse documents from the Authors list If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Authors. A list of authors that contributed to the reference work will display. Show Me 3. Click the first letter of the author's last name on the alphabetical browse bar. A list of names that begin with the selected letter will display. 4. Click the plus symbol (+) next to the author's name to view all material contributed by that author. 5. Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available 221

228 ScienceDirect Help for purchase or through your institutional account. Additional Options Opening Documents Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 222

229 Publications Browsing Reference Work General Information The General Information page typically contains links to information that is included in the Prelims section of the print version of a reference work and may also contain links to color plates, if available. For Example The printed version of a reference work typically includes a preface, an introduction to the work, biographical information for the Editors-in-Chief and other principle editors, and a list of members of the advisory board. To browse documents from the General Information list If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click General Information. A list of general information links for that reference work will display. 3. Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Additional Options Opening Documents Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Related Topics 223

230 ScienceDirect Help Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 224

231 Publications Browsing or Searching a Subject Index From the Reference Works Subject Index page, you can browse or search a hierarchical index of concepts and terms included in an individual reference work. Browsing a Subject Index Searching a Subject Index Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Browsing a Subject Index If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Subject Index. 3. Select the first letter of the word or phrase from the Browse Subject Index alphabet at the top of the page. Show Me Index terms that match the letter will display in alphabetical order. 4. Scroll to locate the desired index entry. See Navigating Subject Index Entries for more information. Return to top 225

232 ScienceDirect Help Searching a Subject Index If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Subject Index. 3. Enter a term or phrase in Search. 4. Click. Return to top Search results will display below the Search box. See Navigating Subject Index Search Results for more information. Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 226

233 Publications Browsing or Searching Reference Work Glossaries From the Reference Works Glossary page, you can browse or search definitions of concepts and terms covered in a reference work. Browsing a Reference Works Glossary Searching a Reference Works Glossary Viewing Glossary Cross-References Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Browsing a Reference Works Glossary If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Glossary. The reference work's glossary will display. Show Me 3. Select the first letter of the word or phrase you want to view from the Browse alphabet. 227

234 ScienceDirect Help Glossary terms will display in alphabetical order for the specific letter selected. Note Letters without links do not have glossary entries. 4. Scroll to locate a glossary entry. 5. Click the glossary entry. The glossary definition will display. Return to top Searching a Reference Works Glossary If you are already on the Reference Work home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for the reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Glossary. The reference work's glossary will display. Show Me 3. Enter a word or phrase in the Search box. 4. Click. The results of the search will display below the Search box. Click the appropriate glossary entry. 5. The glossary definition will appear. See Navigating Search Results for more information. Return to top Glossary Cross-References Some glossary entries use a see cross-reference to direct you to a preferred glossary term. For Example The glossary entry "operating deflection shape see mode shape" directs you to the "mode shape" term. Show Me 228

235 Publications To view a cross-reference Click the cross-referenced term. Return to top Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Glossary Definitions Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 229

236 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Reference Work Classifications The Editors-in-Chief of each encyclopedia have devised classification schemes to help you locate content. These subject and thematic categories are specific to the discipline covered in the reference work. Scroll to view the top-level classification headings. Classifications are listed in alphabetical order and may contain sub-classifications. To browse documents from the Classification list If you are already on the Reference Work home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click the Classification link. The reference work's subject classifications will display. Show Me 3. Click a classification title or the plus symbol (+) to expand a classification. The classification expands to display one of the following options: A list of documents for that classification OR A list of sub-classifications If necessary, click the plus symbol (+) next to the sub-classification name to view documents for the sub-classification. 230

237 Publications Notes Classifications appear one at a time. If you open another classification, the first one closes. Some documents are assigned to more than one classification. 4. Click a document link to open it. Notes The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Additional Options Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Some encyclopedias use classification schemes to describe the content of the whole work. These single-level or multi-level subject (or themed) hierarchies are named differently between reference works. As a result, the list name in ScienceDirect will also differ from one reference work to another. For Example It may be called "Subject Classification" in one work and "Subject Areas" or "Thematic Index" in another. Other naming conventions are also possible. In the Help, these lists or pages are referred to as the Classification list or Classification page. Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 231

238 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Reference Work Table of Contents The Reference Works Table of Contents page lists all available volumes of a selected reference work. The table of contents (TOC) page is primarily organized by volumes and chapters. However, some volumes also have section titles that organize the chapter titles within it. TOCs may include entries for the preface, contributors, section titles, chapter titles, and appendices. To browse documents from the Table of Contents If you are already on a Reference Works home page, skip to step #2. 1. Browse or Search for a reference work. 2. In the Browse section, click Table of Contents. The Table of Contents for that reference work will display. Show Me 3. Click a volume title or the plus symbol (+) to expand a section. A list of chapter titles within that volume will display. OR If additional sections display, click the name of the header to expand the contents for that part of the publication. Tip The volumes expand one at a time. If you open another volume, the first one closes. 232

239 Publications 4. Click a document link to open it. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the fulltext of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Additional Options Searching this Reference Work Bookmarking Pages Adding this Title to Your Favorites List Viewing More Information About this Title Related Topics Browsing the Reference Works Page Browsing Open Documents Quick Searchqs_main_htm_jnl_bk Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 233

240 ScienceDirect Help Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search To search multiple reference works using Advanced Search If you are already on the Reference Works Advanced search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Reference Works tab. 3. Click the Advanced link. 4. To search multiple reference works, click All Subscribed Reference Works. Tip To search a specific reference work, click A Specific Reference Work or select a specific reference work from the Reference Works list. 5. Optional: Restrict your search by subject or to specific reference works. To restrict by reference work a. Click Show Reference Works. Show Me b. Select All Subscribed Reference Works OR Select one or more reference works from the Reference Works list. To select more than one reference work, hold the Control (Ctrl), Shift, or Command ( ) key, and then click the reference work you want to search. 6. In Term(s), enter your search term. See the field search tips for help narrowing your search. Note If your last successful search was an Advanced Reference Works search, your last search request displays on this search form. Click Clear to erase the form. 7. From the within menu, select the field of the document in which the search term must appear. 234

241 Publications 8. Optional: If you want to search additional fields and additional terms, complete the following fields: a. From the AND menu, select a connector. b. In the second Term(s) field, enter the second search term. c. Select the field(s) in which the search terms must appear from the second within menu. OR Select All Fields. 9. Click Search to execute the search. The Search Results page will display if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. Tip If your search produces a large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow the results. (See the search tipsstexpt_field_books_htm for more information). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. Show Me Additional Options Searching a Specific Comprehensive or Encyclopedia Reference Work Searching Reference Works by Subject Browsing Reference Works Recalling a Saved Search Adding Quick Links 235

242 ScienceDirect Help Related Topics Reference Works Advanced Search Tips Performing an Advanced Reference Works Search Overview of the Search History Table Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 236

243 Documents Opening Documents To open other documents, browse or search for the document you want to access. Click the appropriate link below the corresponding document citation. Show Me Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Abstract or SummaryPlus: Click Abstract or SummaryPlus to view the abstract of the document. The SummaryPlus format includes the abstract, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, and references. The Abstract is available free of charge. Abstract + References: Click Abstract + References to view the abstract and the bibliographic references. Full Text + Links: Click Full Text + Links to view the full-text of a document in HTML format which includes the abstract, the outline, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, references, and the document text. PDF (file_size): Click PDF to view the document exactly as it appears in the publication. The PDF will open in a new window. You can view or print a copy of the document by downloading the PDF file. (In this format, the images, tables, and figures appear within the body of the document.) This format requires you to have the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which you may download free of charge from Adobe's website. Click the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. 237

244 ScienceDirect Help Note Adobe Acrobat Reader version 5.0 or higher is required. Order Document: Click this option to order a document that is not available as part of your subscription. Order document will take you to the Document Order Form page where you can verify your document delivery options and submit the order to your institution's chosen document delivery supplier. Sponsored Article: If Sponsored Article displays, click Full Text + Links or PDF to open the document full text. A Sponsored Article has been accepted for publication, and the authors have paid a sponsorship fee to make it freely available on ScienceDirect. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. See Secure Sockets Layer Transactions for more information about accessing non-subscribed documents through this website. Order Document and online purchasing features are not available to all customers. If you do not have access to these features, please contact your librarian or information specialist. Related Topics Using the Shopping Cart Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 238

245 Documents Browsing Open Documents References Click a document link in the reference list to view the citation or the cited document. Note Access to the citation or document is determined by your institution's subscription. OR Scroll through the document from top to bottom. Return to top Contacting Authors Click the icon to an author of the document. OR Click the icon to view an author's contact information. Return to top Viewing the Document Outside of ScienceDirect Links to full-text, references, and cited by counts for documents may be available outside of ScienceDirect through Scopus and/or the journal publisher's web site. Note Accessing a journal publisher's web site, Scopus, or the full-text document may require a separate subscription. Links to abstracts, references, and the cited by counts for a document may be available through Scopus. Scopus is a multidisciplinary navigational tool that contains records going back to the mid 1960s, offering newly-linked citations across the widest body of scientific abstracts available in one place. 239

246 ScienceDirect Help o To access abstracts and references for a document in Scopus, click Abstracts + References in Scopus under the External Links header. The document will open in a new browser window. o To view the number of times a document has been cited in Scopus, click Cited By in Scopus(number of citations). A Scopus Cited By search results page will appear in a new browser window. Journal Publisher Return to top To access full-text documents at the publisher's web site, click the appropriate link or button. Changing Your View of the Document You can view the document in a number of formats depending on the type of publication and your institution's subscription. Those formats include Abstract, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, SummaryPlus, and PDF (file_size). See Opening a Document for more information about these links. Sponsored Articles If Sponsored Article displays in the This Document box, the document has been accepted for publication, and the authors have paid a sponsorship fee to make it freely available on ScienceDirect. Return to top Viewing Documents that Cite the Current Document Click Cited By to view a list of documents that cite the document. Return to top Creating Citation Alerts Click Save as Citation Alert to receive an when the document is cited by new documents added to ScienceDirect. When you click this option, the Save As Citation Alert page will display. Return to top Viewing Publication Information 240

247 Documents Click the title of the publication to go to the home page for that publication. Click the volume/issue link below the title to view the contents of that volume or issue. Return to top If a volume or issue is a special issue, information about the topic will display below the volume or issue information. Viewing More Information About the Document Depending on the format of the document, the following links might be available: Dymond View Structure: Click Dymond View Structure Links to access the Dymond enriched document in a secondary browser window. Dymond enriched documents contain embedded links to additional information about chemical structures and objects. In order to view the graphical representation of the chemical structures and objects, you must have installed the free chemical structure visualization plug-in, MDL Chime (the plug-in and its related system requirements are available at Math Formulas: Click a math formula that appears within the document text to view or download the formula in MathML format. If you have a MathML-aware program installed, the formula automatically displays in the application. Otherwise, you are prompted to save the file in.mml format. Related Documents: Click a refers to document link to access documentation related to the document you are browsing. A document may contain links to a related document, such as subsequent correspondence and publisher or author corrections, and so on. If so, the related article's citation and document links display above the open document's text. Related documents contain links to the original document that are located above the document text. If these links are temporarily unavailable, use the browser's Back button to return to the original document. Preprint Articles: Click the preprint article identifier, if available, to view a preprint version of the document. For Example astro-ph/ or cond-mat/ Glossary Links: Click a glossary link to view a definition for the linked word or phrase. Glossary links open in a new window. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds Click Citation Feed to create an RSS feed for the current document. The RSS feed provides links to new documents that cite this document. 241

248 ScienceDirect Help Notes RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Saving a Citation Alert ing an Open Document Exporting Document Citations Navigating Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Scopus is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 242

249 Documents Refining Document Lists You can refine document lists by modifying which documents display, sorting documents, and searching in the list to view only documents containing specific terms. Displaying Only Checked Documents Searching Within Results Sorting Documents by Date or Relevance Displaying Only Checked Documents You can refine document lists by removing certain documents from the list. To remove documents from the list 1. Select the documents you would like to view. 2. Click Display Checked Docs. A new list will display containing only the documents you selected. Note To return to the original list, click Original Search Results. Return to top Searching Within Results You can use Search Within Results to narrow your list of documents. Search Within Results looks at all available fields of the original document set. Tip You can perform a field-restricted search by using the following syntax in your search string: 243

250 ScienceDirect Help field_name (search_term) where search_term is the term you want to find in the documents, and field_name is the name of the field. Fields common to all source types are listed in the All Sources Expert field search tips. To search within a document list 1. Enter a search string in Search Within Results. The search string must be related to your current search results list. See All Sources Advanced and Expert search tips for more information about creating an effective search string. 2. Click Search Within Results. Return to top A new document list will display. Sorting Documents by Date or Relevance Select one of the following options from the Sort By menu: Date: The date used to sort documents depends on the type of publication. o Publication date: Journal, book series, and handbook documents. o Copyright date: Some reference work documents. o Available online date: Some reference work documents and Articles in Press. Relevance: Displays documents according to the relative frequency that a term appears within each publication. If a term appears frequently within a publication, that publication is listed before one in which the term appears less frequently. This option applies to all content types. Book Order: Displays documents according to each book's ordered placement within the comprehensive reference works. This option applies to comprehensive reference works only. Article Title: Displays documents according to each document's ordered placement within the encyclopedia reference work, and not necessarily according to the frequency of a term that is located during a search. This option applies to encyclopedia reference works only. Return to top Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 244

251 Documents Creating a Digital Object Identifier Link A digital object identifier (DOI) can be used to cite and link to electronic documents. A DOI is guaranteed never to change, so you can use it to link permanently to electronic documents. To find a document using a DOI 1. Copy the DOI of the document you want to open. The correct format for citing a DOI is as follows: doi: /j.physletb Open the following DOI site in your browser: 3. Enter the entire DOI citation in the text box provided, and then click Go. The document that matches the DOI citation will display in your browser window. The DOI scheme is administered by the International DOI Foundation. Many of the world's leading publishers have come together to build a DOI-based document linking scheme known as CrossRef. Related Topics Bookmarking Pages Browsing Open Documents Exporting Document Citations Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 245

252 ScienceDirect Help Obtaining Adobe Acrobat Reader Many of the documents available in ScienceDirect are provided in the Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). This format requires you to have the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which you can download free of charge from Adobe's website. Click Get Acrobat Reader for downloading instructions. Note Adobe Acrobat Reader version 5.0 or higher is required. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 246

253 Documents Viewing Full Abstracts or the Article List From search result lists and publication home pages, you can view a list of article citations or view a list of abstracts. To change your view of the list Select one of the following tabs: o Article List (default): The Article List tab displays a citation for each document which may include the title, publication date, volume/page numbers, authors or editors, document type. Show Me o Full Abstracts: The Full Abstracts tab displays a citation and a full abstract (if available) or overview for each document. Show Me 247

254 ScienceDirect Help Related Topics Browsing Open Documents Opening Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 248

255 Documents Full-Text Access and Non-Subscribed Icons The Full-text available and Non-subscribed icons indicate whether or not you can view the full-text of a document in ScienceDirect. The icons display next to document citations, journal and book titles, and journal and book volumes/issues. Full-text Available and Non-Subscribed Icons Determining Your Access Options Viewing Subscription Information and Content Coverage Full-text Available ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the full-text of a document. You can access the full-text of a document if it is included in your institution's subscription, is a Sponsored Article, or is freely available. A list of free titles is available on the ScienceDirect INFO site. Non-Subscribed ( ) The icon indicates that you can view the abstract of the document. To view the full-text, you may be able to purchase the document or use your institution's account. Note Online purchasing and institutional account access features are not available to all customers. If you do not have access to these features, please contact your librarian or information specialist. Online Purchasing: You may be able to purchase the document using a credit card. The Shopping Cart can be used to purchase full-text access to multiple documents with a single credit card transaction, or if the shopping cart is not available, you may still be able to purchase a single document. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of your purchase. Institutional Account Access: You may be able to view documents using your institution's account. If this option is available, a charge (or deduction) will be made to your institution's account according to the terms of their contract. 249

256 ScienceDirect Help Return to top Determining Your Access Options 1. Click one of the SummaryPlus, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) links. 2. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: Return to top The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 250

257 Documents Article FAQs Why can't I view a document as a PDF? (Adobe Acrobat Reader problem) Some clients have reported problems using Adobe Acrobat Reader version 6.0 to open certain documents. We recommend that you upgrade your Acrobat Reader software to the latest version. Click on the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. If a document is missing or corrupt what should I do? 1. If you identify a missing or corrupt document, click the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page in ScienceDirect to notify us. 2. On the Contact Us page, select Content. Include as much detail as possible in the comments box, e.g. journal name, volume, issue, page number, HTML or PDF. 3. Click Send to submit the information to us. How do I see what content I have full text access to? (How do I use the Electronic Holdings Report?) There are two ways of viewing content you have full text access to: On browse pages, you can click on a subscription icon to view the ScienceDirect coverage content range and how much of the content your institution has full access to. The icons indicate the following: 251

258 ScienceDirect Help The book is part of your current subscription. The book is not part of your current subscription. The book is part of a package to which you have a complimentary subscription. You can view details of your institution's complete journal, book series, and handbook subscriptions using the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. To access the report: 1. Go to 2. Click the My Settings button. 3. Click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Reports. 4. If you have already generated a report, the report will appear. OR To generate a report, click Generate New Reports. For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. The date of the last generated report is displayed at the top of the screen. To view the holdings report, select the appropriate combination of subscribed, non-subscribed, and not available titles, and then specify the report format. Available options include browser-friendly or printer-friendly views. In addition, you can download the report into a spreadsheet or to an OPAC system. 252

259 Documents For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. How do I generate a new holdings report? 1. Click Generate Holdings Report. Note If you do not see this link, then the holdings report for your account was generated by someone else less than 24 hours ago and is current. To generate a new report you must wait 24 hours. 2. The Generate New Reports dialog will display. 3. If you want to be notified by when the reports are ready enter your address. 4. Click Generate New Reports. Note You will receive an notification when the report has been generated. You can carry on working or even log off the report generation will continue. 5. When you receive the notification , click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report, which will take you to the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings page. How can I get free access to full text? ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institute level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer individual subscriptions to ScienceDirect. ScienceDirect is accessible for guests through the public domain, but with less functionality than that available to licensed users. Functionality for guest users includes the following: Performing a Quick Search Setting up Issue and Topic alerts Saving a favorite journals list Browsing through journals including back files, books, and reference works 253

260 ScienceDirect Help Viewing table of contents and abstracts Buying full text articles using a credit card Functionality for guest users does not include the following functionality: Performing Advanced and Expert searches Exporting citations to a reference management software program, such as Reference Manager, Procite, and EndNote Viewing and tracking articles that have cited a selected article Reference linking to other articles Setting up Search alerts Turning on Search History ing article citations Where can I find the supplementary information for an article? Certain electronic articles can contain supplementary electronic information, e.g. video, audio, background data, additional reading, etc. that is not possible in the printed version of the article. In the printed version of such an article, only an indicator appears that supplementary information is available in the electronic version, typically with a Digital Object Identifier with which you can link to the electronic article. In the electronic version, supplementary information may appear anywhere within the article where this information is referred, or it may appear at the end of the article in a separate section. Why can't I access pre-1995 articles? The files you are trying to access are called "backfiles". These are archive files and belong to a backfiles subject package that your institution does not subscribe to. For more information on getting access to these journals please contact your librarian or information specialist. To view pre-1995 articles when you don't have institutional access: Elsevier offers a "pay-per-view" option that allows you to purchase single articles using a credit card. To use the pay-per-view option, you will need to register as a Guest User on ScienceDirect, and you will need a credit card. Most articles cost US $30 per article. The final price (including any taxes) will be indicated on the purchase page before you confirm your payment. Once you receive confirmation of payment, you can view, download, and print the article for 24 hours only. More information on registering and purchasing can be found on the ScienceDirect home page by clicking the Guest User Info link. How long is my article accessible after I purchase it? Your article is available to view, download, and print for 24 hours after your purchase is confirmed. During those 24 hours, you can right click on the PDF link and select Save Target As (or Save Link As) to save the file on your computer desktop for easy retrieval. You should then be able to access the file directly from your desktop. How can I link to an article/volume? You can link directly to resources on ScienceDirect in a number of ways. See Setting up shortcut links for more information. 254

261 Documents A full list of shortcut links to ScienceDirect pages is also available. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 255

262 ScienceDirect Help Purchasing Documents Opening Documents To open other documents, browse or search for the document you want to access. Click the appropriate link below the corresponding document citation. Show Me Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Abstract or SummaryPlus: Click Abstract or SummaryPlus to view the abstract of the document. The SummaryPlus format includes the abstract, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, and references. The Abstract is available free of charge. Abstract + References: Click Abstract + References to view the abstract and the bibliographic references. Full Text + Links: Click Full Text + Links to view the full-text of a document in HTML format which includes the abstract, the outline, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, references, and the document text. PDF (file_size): Click PDF to view the document exactly as it appears in the publication. The PDF will open in a new window. You can view or print a copy of the document by downloading the PDF file. (In this format, the images, tables, and figures appear within the body of the document.) This format requires you to have the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which you may download free of charge from Adobe's website. Click the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. 256

263 Documents Note Adobe Acrobat Reader version 5.0 or higher is required. Order Document: Click this option to order a document that is not available as part of your subscription. Order document will take you to the Document Order Form page where you can verify your document delivery options and submit the order to your institution's chosen document delivery supplier. Sponsored Article: If Sponsored Article displays, click Full Text + Links or PDF to open the document full text. A Sponsored Article has been accepted for publication, and the authors have paid a sponsorship fee to make it freely available on ScienceDirect. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. See Secure Sockets Layer Transactions for more information about accessing non-subscribed documents through this website. Order Document and online purchasing features are not available to all customers. If you do not have access to these features, please contact your librarian or information specialist. Related Topics Using the Shopping Cart Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 257

264 ScienceDirect Help Shopping Cart Overview Your Shopping Cart includes the following information: Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Document Information The Items column lists documents currently in your Shopping Cart. When you add a document to your cart, the document remains in your cart until you remove it. If your institutional entitlements have changed since you added the document to your cart, you may be able to access the full-text of a document in your cart without a purchase. Links to open these documents appear beneath the document citation. To open a document that you have access to, click the appropriate SummaryPlus, Full Text + Links, or PDF link. Prices The Total column provides the price of an individual document. The Sub Total row provides the total amount of your purchase. Note Prices are subject to change and do not include taxes. You will see your order total on the Confirm page before you complete your purchase. Purchase Agreement A link to the ScienceDirect purchase agreement terms and conditions is included in your Shopping Cart. You must agree to the purchase agreement terms and conditions before you can purchase the documents in your cart. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 258

265 Documents Using the Shopping Cart From your Shopping Cart, you can purchase full-text access to multiple documents with a single credit card transaction. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours after your purchase. Purchasing Documents Removing Documents from Your Shopping Cart Accessing the Shopping Cart Adding Documents to Your Shopping Cart Viewing Purchased Documents Shopping Cart Overview Purchasing Documents To purchase the documents in your cart 1. Review the Purchase Agreement Terms and Conditions. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours after your purchase. 2. Select the check box next to the Purchase Agreement Terms and Conditions link to indicate that you agree to follow the conditions of purchase. 3. Click Purchase These Articles. The Billing Address page will display. OR If you can now open any of the documents in your cart because of changes in your institution's account, these documents will display with links to their full text. To open these documents, click on the appropriate SummaryPlus, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) link. To purchase any remaining documents in your cart, click Purchase These Articles. 259

266 ScienceDirect Help Return to top Tip We recommend that you open the documents you have full-text access to before continuing with your purchase. If you continue with your purchase, by clicking Purchase These Articles, these documents will no longer appear in your cart or in your list of Purchased Articles. Note If all the documents in your cart are available to you without a purchase, the Purchase These Articles button will not appear. Removing Documents from Your Shopping Cart Click Remove next to the document you want to delete from your cart. If you would like to return a deleted document to your cart, you must search for the document, and then add it to your Shopping Cart again. Return to top Accessing the Shopping Cart You can view the contents of your Shopping Cart at any time by clicking navigation bar. on the Note You must be logged in to ScienceDirect to access your Shopping Cart, and your institution's subscription must permit Shopping Cart purchases. Your purchases are secured using Secure Sockets Layer Transactions. Return to top Related Topics Viewing Purchased Articles Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Secure Sockets Layer Transactions 260

267 Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 261

268 ScienceDirect Help Purchasing Documents Using a Credit Card To purchase a document using a credit card Note You can click Cancel at any time during this process to exit without submitting your credit card information. 1. Enter your credit card information in the appropriate fields. All information is required for credit card approval. a. From the Credit Card Type list, select your credit card type. b. In Credit Card Number, enter your credit card number. Omit any dashes (-) or blank spaces that appear in your credit card number. c. From the Expiration Date lists, select the expiration month and year for your credit card. d. In Name on Credit Card, enter your name exactly as it appears on your credit card. e. In Credit Card Billing Address, enter your address information as it appears on your credit card billing statement. f. From the Country list, select the country that corresponds to your credit card billing address. g. In EU VAT Registration Number, enter your EU VAT Registration Number. h. In Address, enter your address. Note A receipt for this transaction will be sent to this address. i. In Phone Number, enter your telephone number, including the country code. 2. Click Continue With Purchase to submit your credit card information. The Confirm Your Credit Card Order page will display. OR Click Cancel to exit this page without submitting your credit card information. Your purchases are secured using Secure Sockets Layer Transactions. Changing the pre-populated billing address, address, and telephone number on this page will not update the information in your personal profile. 262

269 Documents If you are using Adobe Acrobat Reader and have configured it as a viewer or helper application, you may experience problems viewing a PDF document. We suggest using the Adobe Acrobat Reader as a plug-in. Plug-In is the default setting. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 263

270 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Purchased Documents You can access purchased documents from the Purchased Articles link in My Settings. Note Only documents purchased using the Shopping Cart display on the Purchased Articles page. Viewing Documents Available for Download Viewing Previously Purchased Documents Viewing Documents Available for Download You can access documents that are currently available for viewing and downloading from the Available Articles link on the Purchased Articles page. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click My Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click Available Articles to access documents available for download. Note The Available Articles link only displays if you have documents available for download. Documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of purchase. The Current Purchases page will display. 4. Click the appropriate link to open the document. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top Viewing Previously Purchased Documents 264

271 Documents The Purchase History page lists documents that you have purchased using the Shopping Cart during a particular month. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click the appropriate month, year link. A list of documents purchased during that month will display. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top Related Topics Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 265

272 ScienceDirect Help Accessing Current Purchases You can access documents available for viewing and downloading from the Current Purchases page. Only documents purchased using the Shopping Cart display on the Current Purchases page. Note Documents that are no longer available for download are available in your Purchase History. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Tips You can see how much time you have left to access a document in the Time left to access column. The column is updated each time you open or refresh the Current Purchases page. The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Opening documents Navigating document lists Viewing the Article List or Full Abstracts ing documents or exporting document citations The Current Purchases page displays the following information: Documents: A list of documents available for download. Confirmation ID: A unique identifier for a document that is automatically generated during your purchase. Credits for documents that you have purchased will appear with the Confirmation ID. Time left to access: The time left for you to access a document. To see the exact time left, refresh or reload your browser. 266

273 Documents Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 267

274 ScienceDirect Help Ordering Documents To request delivery of a document 1. Verify the document details (citation) for the requested document. 2. Enter your personal information as follows, making corrections or changes as needed: Your personal information has been copied from your personal profile. a. Required: In First Name, enter your first name (given name). b. Required: In Family Name, enter your family name (surname). c. Required: In Address field, enter your address. d. Required: In Mailing Address field, enter your street number and street name or your post office (P.O.) box number. e. Required: In City, enter the name of your city. f. Optional: From the State/Province list, select your state or province. g. Required: In Postal (ZIP) Code, enter your postal code. h. Required: From the Country list, select your country. i. Optional: In Phone Number, enter your telephone number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. j. Optional: In Fax Number, enter your fax number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. k. Optional: In Special Instructions, enter any special delivery instructions. 3. If the Send Your Order To field is available, please enter the address of your preferred document delivery service. Note If this field is not available, your document order will be sent to the document delivery service arranged by your institute. 4. Click Send to submit your document order. OR Click Cancel return to the previous page without ordering the document. 268

275 Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 269

276 ScienceDirect Help Secure Sockets Layer Transactions To protect your private data, some transactions are accepted only through Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protected channels. Transactions protected by SSL include online registration and accessing documents from non-subscribed titles. SSL is an industry accepted security protocol, providing encryption over the Internet. This encryption allows reasonable assurance your private data will not be intercepted between the browser and the server. SSL also performs a security identification to ensure that your browser is indeed communicating with the service. SSL functionality is built into most commercially available browsers, including Netscape Navigator (version 4.0 or later) and Microsoft Internet Explorer (version 3.0 or later). If SSL is not enabled on your browser, you will receive an error message when you try to access the secured sections of the service. If SSL is not enabled over your network (e.g., due to firewall or proxy configurations), you will find that access to some parts of the service is blocked. If you receive error messages and are unable to continue through the program, contact your information specialist or Internet Service Provider (ISP) for assistance. On some browsers, you may also receive a message from your browser when viewing documents from non-subscribed titles stating "You have requested an non-secure document that was originally designated a secure document." This is normal. Your access to the non-subscribed document has been authenticated via a "behind the scenes" secured transaction, and you are now being returned to the normal environment to view the document. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 270

277 Documents ing ing an Open Document Optional: In Subject, enter a subject line for the . A default subject line displays in this field until you enter your own. Optional: In Add This Note, enter your own message to the recipient of the . A default message appears in this field until you enter your own. Note This field may contain a maximum of 1,000 characters. From Send In, select one of the following formats: o Select Formatted (HTML) to send the message in HTML format. o Select Plain Text (ASCII) to send the message in plain-text format. Click Send to the citations. Note When the has been sent, a confirmation message will display. Click Continue to return to the document list. OR Click Cancel to return to the document list without sending an . Related Topics ing Articles from a Document List Browsing Open Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 271

278 ScienceDirect Help ing Documents from a Document List To citations for one or more documents If you are already on the Documents page, skip to step From a list of documents, select the check box next to each document you want to e- mail. OR Leave all of the check boxes empty if you want to send citations for every document in the list. 2. Click articles. The Article page will display. 3. In Sender's Name, enter the name you would like to have display in the as the sender. 4. In Sender's , enter your address. The address listed in your profile appears in this field by default. 5. In Recipient's , enter the recipient's address here. Note If you are sending document citations to more than one address, enter a comma (,) between each address. 6. Optional: In Subject, enter a subject line for the . A default subject line displays in this field until you enter your own. 7. Optional: In Add This Note, enter your own message to the recipient of the . A default message appears in this field until you enter your own. Note This field may contain a maximum of 1,000 characters. 8. From Send In, select one of the following formats: o Select Formatted (HTML) to send the message in HTML format. o Select Plain Text (ASCII) to send the message in plain-text format. 9. Click Send to the citations. Note When the has been sent, a confirmation message will display. Click Continue to return to the document list. 10. OR 272

279 Documents 11. Click Cancel to return to the document list without sending an . Related Topics ing an Open Document Browsing Open Documents Browsing a Publication Home Page Reviewing Search Results Reviewing the Cited By/Citation Alert Results Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 273

280 ScienceDirect Help Exporting Exporting Document Citations Click Export to begin your export. For RefWorks exports: Note If JavaScript is not enabled on your computer, a confirmation screen will appear. Click Export to continue with your RefWorks export. If your RefWorks information has been entered in My Profile, we will login to RefWorks for you, and the import will be run. The status of your RefWorks import will display in a new browser window. OR If your RefWorks information has not been entered in My Settings or you do not have access to My Settings, the RefWorks login screen will display in a new browser window and you will have to login to proceed with the export. For RIS Format exports, a file download dialog box will display from which you can save or open your exported file. For ASCII Format exports, your citations will display in ASCII format. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous page without exporting citation(s). Note Use your browser's Back button to return to the open document or the document list. Related Topics Browsing Open Documents Browsing a Publication Home Page Reviewing Search Results Reviewing the Cited By/Citation Alert Results JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. 274

281 Documents Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 275

282 ScienceDirect Help About RefWorks RefWorks is a web-based bibliography and database management tool that lets you store your own collection of document references and then create bibliographies using those references in a wide variety of styles. More information about RefWorks can be found on the RefWorks website. From ScienceDirect, you can export document citations into your RefWorks database. Tip To export from ScienceDirect to RefWorks, you can enter your RefWorks account information in My Settings. If you enter your account information in ScienceDirect, you will be automatically logged in to RefWorks when you export citations. Related Topics Exporting Article Citations Modifying Your Personal Details and Preferences RefWorks Website Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 276

283 My Settings Managing Your Settings Click Add/Remove Alerts to add, change, and delete alerts. See Accessing Alerts for more information. Click Modify Personal Details and Preferences to view and change your contact information, format preferences, search history settings, and search results, and. See Modifying Your Settings and Preferences for more information. Click Change Password to change the password for your account. See Changing Your Password for more information. Click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Reports to view a list of currently available journal and book series titles. See the ScienceDirect Coverage Report Help for more information. Additional Options Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 277

284 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Purchased Documents You can access purchased documents from the Purchased Articles link in My Settings. Note Only documents purchased using the Shopping Cart display on the Purchased Articles page. Viewing Documents Available for Download Viewing Previously Purchased Documents Viewing Documents Available for Download You can access documents that are currently available for viewing and downloading from the Available Articles link on the Purchased Articles page. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click My Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click Available Articles to access documents available for download. Note The Available Articles link only displays if you have documents available for download. Documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of purchase. The Current Purchases page will display. 4. Click the appropriate link to open the document. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top Viewing Previously Purchased Documents 278

285 My Settings The Purchase History page lists documents that you have purchased using the Shopping Cart during a particular month. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click the appropriate month, year link. A list of documents purchased during that month will display. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top Related Topics Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 279

286 ScienceDirect Help Accessing Alerts Volume/Issue Alerts Volume/Issue alerts notify you by when a new issue of a particular journal or a new book volume becomes available. See Managing Volume/Issue Alerts to create a volume/issue alert. Citation Alerts Citation Alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. See Saving a Citation Alert to create a citation alert. Adding Alerts Viewing Latest Results/Archive Modifying Alerts Deleting Alerts Viewing Alert Frequency Adding RSS Feeds Adding Alerts Click the add alert link at the top of each alert table. Show Me Each link will open the appropriate add Search, Topic, Citation alert, or Volume/Issue page. Return to top Viewing Latest Results/Archive Click the Latest Results link next to the appropriate alert to view the most recent results, or for a volume/issue alert, the most recent issue of a book or journal. 280

287 My Settings Note For search and citation alerts, the results are accessible for 30 days from the time the search was originally run. Click the Archive or Archive/Details link next to the appropriate alert to view past results for that alert. Note Archive results are not available for Volume/Issue alerts. You can access results for 30 days from the time the alert search was last performed. Return to top Modifying Alerts Click the Modify link next to the appropriate alert to change the properties of an alert. Note You can only modify search and citation alerts. Return to top Deleting Alerts Click the Delete link next to the alert you want to remove. Return to top Viewing Alert Frequency In the Frequency column, you can view how often an alert runs. Note Topic alerts with an inactive frequency do not run. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds You can create an RSS feed for your alerts by clicking the button next to an alert. The RSS feed provides links to new articles that match your alert criteria. 281

288 ScienceDirect Help Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Saving a Search Alert Modifying Search Alert Properties Viewing Search Alert Archives Managing Volume/Issue Alerts Saving a Citation Alert Modifying Citation Alert Properties Viewing Citation Alert Archives Adding Topic Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 282

289 My Settings Managing Favorites To add or remove favorite titles From Browse pages: 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Favorites check box next to that title. 2. Click. Show Me From journal and book home pages: 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Add to Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Add to Favorites check box next to that title. 2. Click. Show Me 283

290 ScienceDirect Help From the home page: 1. Click on the navigation bar. Note If displays instead of, log in to ScienceDirect to view links to your Favorite Journals/Books. 2. In the Quick Links section, click Manage Favorites. Show Me A list of favorite journal and book titles will display. 3. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Favorites check box next to that title. 4. Click. Related Topics 284

291 My Settings Browsing Publications by Subject Browsing Publications Alphabetically Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Home Page Overview Quick Links Overview Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 285

292 ScienceDirect Help Modifying Your Settings and Preferences Optional: In Job Title, enter your job title. Optional: In Phone Number, enter your telephone number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. Optional: In Fax Number, enter your fax number including the country code and the city or area code as well as an extension number, if applicable. Optional: In Mailing Address, enter your street number and street name or your post office (P.O.) box number. Optional: In City, enter the name of your contact city. Optional: In the State/Province list, select your state or province. Note This option applies to North American addresses only. Optional: In Postal (Zip) Code, enter your postal code (zip code). Required: From the Country list, select a country. Optional: To change how search results and images display modify the following options: In Display Search Results, select the number of documents you want displayed on each page of your search results. In Display Images In HTML Full Text + Links Articles As, select one of the following options to determine how images are displayed within full-text documents. Select Thumbnails to display images as thumbnails within the text of the document. Select Full Size to display full-size images within the text of the document. In When Search History Is Turned On, select one of the following options to change how search history is displayed after a search request: Select Search Results Page to go directly to the search results page after submitting a search request. You can then view the search history table by returning to the search page. Select Search History Table to view the search history table after submitting a search. 286

293 My Settings You can then view the search results page from the search history table. Optional: To change your preferences modify the following options: Select one of the following formats for multiple volume/issue alerts: Select Separate Messages For Each Volume/Issue to receive a separate message for each volume/issue alert. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive three messages. Select A Single Message Containing All Volume/Issues to receive one message for all of your volume/issue alerts. For Example If you set up volume/issue alerts for three titles, you will receive one message that contains links to the three titles named in the alerts. Select one of the following formats for ed links to documents on ScienceDirect : Select Include Separate Links To Each Article to receive a link to each individual document. Select Include One Link To the Results Page to receive one link that leads to a list of documents, such as a search results list. Select one of the following formats for other messages you receive from ScienceDirect: Select Formatted (HTML) to receive messages in HTML format. Select Plain Text (ASCII) to receive messages in plain-text format. Yes, Please Send Me Information...: Select this check box to receive s about future updates, releases, or related products. Optional: RefWorks Settings. To log in automatically when you export citations from ScienceDirect to RefWorks, enter your RefWorks account information as follows: o RefWorks Group Code: Enter a RefWorks Group Code. Your RefWorks Group Code cannot contain any spaces or periods(.). Note Your institution may have specified a Group Code for you. You can override your institution-defined Group Code by entering another Group Code. Please check with your librarian or information specialist for more information. To restore your original institution-defined Group Code, click Restore to Original Group Code. o o RefWorks Username: Enter your RefWorks login name. RefWorks Password: Enter your RefWorks password. Note Modifying your RefWorks user information in ScienceDirect does not change your RefWorks username or password in RefWorks. To change your RefWorks 287

294 ScienceDirect Help username or password, you must log in to RefWorks. However, if you are also a Scopus customer, changing your RefWorks information in ScienceDirect will also change your RefWorks information in Scopus. Required: Select the box indicating that you have read, understood, and agree to the terms and conditions described in the user agreement. Note To view the user agreement, click Registered User Agreement. Click Submit to update the information in your personal profile. OR Click Cancel to return to the My Settings page without saving the changes you made to your personal profile. Related Topics Managing Your Profile Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Scopus is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 288

295 My Settings Changing Your Password To change your password If you are already on the Change Password page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click Change Password. 3. In Current Password, enter your current password. 4. In New Password, enter your new password. Your new password is case sensitive and must be at least 5 characters long, but no more than 20 characters long. 5. In Confirm Password, enter your new password again. 6. Click Submit to save your new password. OR Click Clear to return to the My Settings page without changing your password. Related Topics Managing Your Profile Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 289

296 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Subscription Information and Content Coverage Return to top Viewing Subscription Information for Your Institution You can view details of your institution's complete journal, book series, and handbook subscriptions using the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. To access the report: 1. Log in to ScienceDirect. 2. Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 3. Click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Reports. Show Me 4. If you have already generated a report, the report will display. OR To generate a report, click Generate New Reports. For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. Return to top 290

297 My Settings Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 291

298

299 Alerts Accessing Alerts Volume/Issue Alerts Volume/Issue alerts notify you by when a new issue of a particular journal or a new book volume becomes available. See Managing Volume/Issue Alerts to create a volume/issue alert. Citation Alerts Citation Alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. See Saving a Citation Alert to create a citation alert. Adding Alerts Viewing Latest Results/Archive Modifying Alerts Deleting Alerts Viewing Alert Frequency Adding RSS Feeds Adding Alerts Click the add alert link at the top of each alert table. Show Me Each link will open the appropriate add Search, Topic, Citation alert, or Volume/Issue page. Return to top Viewing Latest Results/Archive Click the Latest Results link next to the appropriate alert to view the most recent results, or for a volume/issue alert, the most recent issue of a book or journal. 293

300 ScienceDirect Help Note For search and citation alerts, the results are accessible for 30 days from the time the search was originally run. Click the Archive or Archive/Details link next to the appropriate alert to view past results for that alert. Note Archive results are not available for Volume/Issue alerts. You can access results for 30 days from the time the alert search was last performed. Return to top Modifying Alerts Click the Modify link next to the appropriate alert to change the properties of an alert. Note You can only modify search and citation alerts. Return to top Deleting Alerts Click the Delete link next to the alert you want to remove. Return to top Viewing Alert Frequency In the Frequency column, you can view how often an alert runs. Note Topic alerts with an inactive frequency do not run. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds You can create an RSS feed for your alerts by clicking the button next to an alert. The RSS feed provides links to new articles that match your alert criteria. 294

301 Alerts Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Saving a Search Alert Modifying Search Alert Properties Viewing Search Alert Archives Managing Volume/Issue Alerts Saving a Citation Alert Modifying Citation Alert Properties Viewing Citation Alert Archives Adding Topic Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 295

302 ScienceDirect Help Alerts FAQs How do I use alerts? Show me the interactive Tutorial Show me the interactive Tutorial This interactive tutorial takes approximately eight minutes to review and covers the following areas: How do I change the format that I receive my alerts in? What type of alerts can I create? How do I review saved searches? How do I modify or delete my alerts? For more information, see Accessing Alerts. Why can't I open the full text of a document from an alert? You can only open the full text of a document if your institution is subscribed to that journal, book, or volume/issue. You can verify if you have access by logging on to ScienceDirect, and then clicking the link in the . If you do not have access, you will be prompted to purchase the document. To avoid these messages, you can limit your saved search alerts to journals or books that are "subscribed". Click the Modify option on the Alerts page to alter your preferences and ensure that you only receive alerts for documents that you will be able to open. Please ask your librarian or information specialist for more information. How do Citation alerts work? Citation alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. See below for a description of ScienceDirect Cited By functionality and an explanation of problems that can occur. How does Cited By functionality work? Cited By functionality uses the First surname, year, and first page number of the selected document to create a search query. This search query is used for your citation alert. For Example If you wanted to receive an alert whenever the example document below was cited, the following information would be used to create the alert: Hirata (First surname) + 296

303 Alerts 2002 (year) + 25 (first page number). Why do I sometimes get results that are not related to the document I want? Additional elements such as the first initial and last page number are not included in the citation alert search query because of inconsistencies across publishers, which often results in information in a variety of different formats on ScienceDirect. Last name, year and first page always appear within ScienceDirect, making the feature reliable for searching. For Example In the Hirata document above, there could be more than one author named Hirata who wrote a document in 2002 that began on page 25 of a journal. You will also receive citation alerts for these documents. This problem is more evident with common names such as Lee or Jones. Why can't I access my alerts? You may not be able to access alerts for one of the following reasons: You have more than one user profile, i.e., you have more than one user name and password. If you receive alerts under one user name, but you have logged in to ScienceDirect using a different user name, you will not see the alerts you created under your other user name(s). To resolve this issue, choose one user profile for all of your alerts, and then recreate your other alerts in this profile. You can then delete any alerts in your other user profile(s). Your user profile and access are linked to the IP address of your institution. If your access is linked to the IP address of your institution, you will not be able to access the Alerts section of ScienceDirect when you are outside your institution's IP range. To check if you are outside your institution's IP range, go to ScienceDirect. If you see the "Welcome Guest User" banner in a yellow box on the top, right of your page, you are outside your institution's IP range and your alerts will not be available. How do I delete alerts? 1. Login to ScienceDirect using your user name and password. 297

304 ScienceDirect Help Note To create a Guest User account you must be outside the IP ranges for your institution. 2. Click the Alerts button on the navigation bar. The Alerts page displays a list of your alerts. 3. Click Delete in the Actions column of the alert you want to stop. 4. Repeat as necessary for each affected alert. Why are my alerts being sent to my old address? Depending on the type of alert, your alerts are either sent to the address specified in the alert or the alert specified in your ScienceDirect profile. To determine which address is being used for your alerts: 1. Login to ScienceDirect using your user name and password. Note To create a Guest User account you must be outside the IP ranges for your institution. 2. Click the Alerts button on the navigation bar. The Alerts page displays a list of your alerts. 3. For Citation and Search alerts, do the following: a. Click Modify in the Actions column of the alert you want to check. b. If needed, replace your old address with your new one. OR For Topic or Volume/Issue alerts, do the following: c. Review the address displayed in the alert header. d. If necessary, click the profile link to modify the address in your ScienceDirect user profile. Note Changing the address in your profile will change the e- mail address associated with your user name and password. 4. Repeat as necessary for each affected alert. Note You might receive alerts at your old address until the system is updated. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 298

305 Alerts Search Alerts Saving a Search Alert In Frequency, select how often you want the citation alert to run, as follows: o o o o Monthly Weekly Daily Inactive Click Save Alert to save the search alert. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous page without saving the search query as a search alert. The program will return you to the search results page. To change your search alert settings, click the Modify link that corresponds to your alert on the Alerts page. Related Topics Modifying Search Alert Properties Viewing Search Alert Archives Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 299

306 ScienceDirect Help Modifying Search Alert Properties From the Modify Search Alert page, you can change the properties of an existing search alert. To modify an existing search alert Note If you are already on the Modify Search Alert page, skip to step Click Alerts on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Modify link that corresponds to the search alert you want to modify. Your search alert query displays at the top of the Modify Search Alert page and the search alert properties appear in the remaining fields on the page. 3. Optional: Complete the following steps to edit your original search query: a. Click Modify Search. Your original search query will display. b. Follow the directions on the page to modify and test your search query. 4. Edit the following fields as applicable: 3. In Name of Alert, enter a name for the search alert. In Address, enter the address where notifications of the search alert results can be sent. Note Access to search alert results is limited to the person who created the alert. In Frequency, select how often you want the citation alert to run, as follows: o Monthly o Weekly o Daily o Inactive 4. Click Save Alert to save the modified search alert. OR 300

307 Alerts Click Cancel to return to the Alerts page without modifying the properties of the search alert. Related Topics Saving a Search Alert Viewing Search Alert Archives Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 301

308 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Search Alert Archives When a search alert returns new results, the previous search alert results are stored in a search alert archive. Tip To view the most recent results, click the Latest Results link on the Alerts page. To view search alert archives Click Alerts on the navigation bar. Click the Archive link that corresponds to the search alert you want to see. Note Search alert results remain in your alert archive for 30 days. Alerts older than 30 days are deleted from your archive. To view archived search results Click the appropriate date. In your archive, a list of search results displays below the search alert title and address. The number of documents found for your search result displays in parenthesis after each archive link. Use your browser's Back button to return to the previous page. Related Topics Modifying Search Alert Properties Accessing Alerts Saving a Search Alert Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 302

309 Alerts Volume/Issue Alerts Managing Volume/Issue Alerts To add or remove volume/issue alerts From Browse pages 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Vol/Issue Alerts check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Vol/Issue Alerts check box next to that title. 2. Click. Show Me From journal and book home pages 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Alert me about new Journal Issues or Alert me about new Book Volumes check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Alert me about new Journal Issues or Alert me about new Book Volumes check box next to that title. Note Volume/issue alerts are not available for Reference Works. 2. Click. Show Me 303

310 ScienceDirect Help From the Alerts page 1. On the navigation bar, click, and then click Add/Remove Alerts. OR Additional Options On the navigation bar, click. 2. In Volume/Issue Alerts section do one of the following: Click the Delete link next to a title to remove it from your alerts. OR Click Add/Remove Volume/Issue Alerts. A list of journals and books will display. a. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Vol/Issue Alerts check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Vol/Issue Alerts check box next to that title. b. Click. Viewing Subscription Information Adding Quick Links Related Topics Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 304

311 Alerts Citation Alerts Adding a Citation Alert Citation alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. To add a new citation alert If you are already on the Add Citation Alert page, skip to step #2. 1. Click Alerts on the navigation bar. 2. In the Citation Alert table, click Add Citation Alert. 3. Search or Browse to locate the document of interest. 4. From the document page, click Save as Citation Alert which is located in the Actions section. To change your citation alert settings, click the Modify link that corresponds to your alert on the Alerts page. Related Topics Accessing Alerts Modifying Citation Alert Properties Viewing Citation Alert Archives Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 305

312 ScienceDirect Help Saving a Citation Alert 1. Perform a search to find a document of interest to you. 2. Open the document. 3. Once you have a document that you want to see the cited by results for, click the Cited By link in the Document area of the open document. If the document is cited by at least one other document, a cited by results list will display. Go to step 3. If the document is not cited by at least one other document, you cannot create a citation alert for it. 4. Click Save as Citation Alert. The Save as Citation Alert page will display. 5. Complete the Save As Citation Alert page, as follows: a. In Name of Alert, enter a name for the citation alert. b. In Address, enter the address where notifications of the citation alert results can be sent. Note Access to citation alert results is limited to the person who created the alert. c. In Frequency, select how often you want the citation alert to run, as follows: o Monthly o Weekly o Daily o Inactive 6. Click Save Alert to save the citation alert. OR Click Cancel to return to the previous page without saving the citation alert. To change your citation alert settings, click the Modify link that corresponds to your alert on the Alerts page. Related Topics 306

313 Alerts Modifying Citation Alert Properties Reviewing Citation Alert Archives Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 307

314 ScienceDirect Help Modifying Citation Alerts To modify an existing citation alert Note If you are already on the Modify Citation Alert page, skip to step Click Alerts on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Modify link that corresponds to the citation alert you want to modify. Note The citation for your alert and the alert properties display at the top of the Modify Citation Alert page. 3. Edit the following fields as applicable: In Name of Alert, enter a name for the citation alert. In Address, enter the address where notifications of the citation alert results can be sent. Note Access to the citation alert results is limited to the person who created the alert. In Frequency, select how often you want the citation alert to run, as follows: o Monthly o Weekly o Daily o Inactive 4. Click Save Alert to save the modified citation alert. OR Click Cancel to return to the Alerts page without modifying the properties of the citation alert. Tip You cannot delete a citation alert from the Modify Citation Alert page. To delete the citation alert, go to the Alerts page, and click the corresponding Delete link. Related Topics 308

315 Alerts Saving a Citation Alert Viewing Citation Alert Archives Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 309

316 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Citation Alert Archives When a citation alert returns new results, the previous citation alert results are stored in a citation alert archive. Tip To view the most recent results, click the Latest Results link on the Alerts page. To view citation alert archives Click Alerts on the navigation bar. Click the Archive link that corresponds to the citation alert you want to see. Note Citation alert results remain in your citation alert archive for 30 days. Alerts older than 30 days are deleted from your archive. To view archived citation results Click on the appropriate date. In your archive, a list of citation results displays below the citation alert title, e- mail address, and citation. The number of documents found for your citation result displays in parenthesis after each archive link. Use your browser's Back button to return to the previous page. Related Topics Modifying Citation Alert Properties Accessing Alerts Saving a Citation Alert 310

317 Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 311

318 ScienceDirect Help Browsing Citation Alert and Cited By Results Cited by and citation alert results list documents found in ScienceDirect which cite a specific document. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. For cited by results, you can create a citation alert, which sends an when a document that cites this document is added to the online collection. To create a citation alert, click Save as Citation Alert. Click Citation Feed to create an RSS feed for the current citation results. The RSS feed provides links to new documents that cite a specific document. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. For citation alert results, you can view the complete list of documents that cite this document by clicking the Show All Articles That Cited This Article link. Opening documents Navigating document results Refining results Viewing the Article List or Full Abstracts ing and Exporting document citations Related Topics Browsing Open Documents Saving a Citation Alert Accessing Alerts 312

319 Alerts Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 313

320 ScienceDirect Help Topic Alerts Adding Topic Alerts 1. Click Alerts on the navigation bar. 2. In the Topic Alerts section, click Add/Delete Topic Alert. The Available Topic Alerts page will display. 3. Select your category of interest from the category list. 4. Click Go. Available topic alerts for that category will display. 5. Click the check box next to each topic alert you want to receive. Note The topic alerts that you are currently receiving will already be selected. You can remove topic alerts by clearing the check boxes next to topic alerts you no longer want to receive. 6. Click Save Settings to save your changes. You will be returned to the main Alerts page and your changes will appear in the Topic Alerts section. OR Click the Back button on your browser to return to the previous page without adding a topic alert. Viewing Latest Results and Archive Details You can view the current results of a topic alert by clicking on the Latest Results link, or you can view the past results by clicking on the Archive/Details link. Topic Alert Frequencies You can view topic alert frequency (how often the alert runs) from the Frequency column. Topic alerts can run on the following schedule: daily, weekly, or monthly. Topic alerts with an inactive frequency do not run. Modifying Topic Alerts Topic alerts are predefined searches and cannot be modified. Adding RSS Feeds Click to create an RSS feed for the current topic search. The RSS feed 314

321 Alerts provides links to new articles about your topic. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Related Topics Accessing Alerts Viewing Topic Alert Details and Archives Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 315

322 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Topic Alert Details and Archives When a topic alert returns new results, the previous topic alert results are stored in a topic alert archive. Tip To view the most recent results, click the Latest Results link on the Alerts page. Viewing topic alert archives 1. Click Alerts on the navigation bar. 2. Click the Archive link that corresponds to the search alert you want to see. Viewing archived topic results Click the appropriate date. Adding and deleting alerts To add a topic alert, click Alert Me. To delete a topic alert, click Delete Alert. Bookmarking topic alerts Right-click the bookmark link, and then click Add to Favorites (Microsoft Internet Explorer users) or File Bookmark for Link (Netscape Navigator users). See Bookmarking Pages for more information about bookmarking. You can view the alert's name, category, query, and frequency on the Archive Details page o Alert Name: The name of the topic alert. o Category: The category to which the topic alert belongs. o Frequency: How often an alert will run. o Query: The search query used to obtain topic alert results. Click Topic Feed to create an RSS feed for the current topic search. The RSS feed provides links to new articles about your topic. Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. The number of documents found for your search result displays in parenthesis 316

323 Alerts after each archive link. Use your browser's Back button to return to the previous page. Related Topics Adding Topic Alerts Accessing Alerts Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 317

324

325 Shopping Cart Using the Shopping Cart From your Shopping Cart, you can purchase full-text access to multiple documents with a single credit card transaction. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours after your purchase. Purchasing Documents Removing Documents from Your Shopping Cart Accessing the Shopping Cart Adding Documents to Your Shopping Cart Viewing Purchased Documents Shopping Cart Overview Purchasing Documents To purchase the documents in your cart 1. Review the Purchase Agreement Terms and Conditions. Note Purchased documents are available for download for 24 hours after your purchase. 2. Select the check box next to the Purchase Agreement Terms and Conditions link to indicate that you agree to follow the conditions of purchase. 3. Click Purchase These Articles. The Billing Address page will display. OR If you can now open any of the documents in your cart because of changes in your institution's account, these documents will display with links to their full text. To open these documents, click on the appropriate SummaryPlus, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) link. To purchase any remaining documents in your cart, click Purchase These Articles. 319

326 ScienceDirect Help Return to top Tip We recommend that you open the documents you have full-text access to before continuing with your purchase. If you continue with your purchase, by clicking Purchase These Articles, these documents will no longer appear in your cart or in your list of Purchased Articles. Note If all the documents in your cart are available to you without a purchase, the Purchase These Articles button will not appear. Removing Documents from Your Shopping Cart Click Remove next to the document you want to delete from your cart. If you would like to return a deleted document to your cart, you must search for the document, and then add it to your Shopping Cart again. Return to top Accessing the Shopping Cart You can view the contents of your Shopping Cart at any time by clicking navigation bar. on the Note You must be logged in to ScienceDirect to access your Shopping Cart, and your institution's subscription must permit Shopping Cart purchases. Your purchases are secured using Secure Sockets Layer Transactions. Return to top Related Topics Viewing Purchased Articles Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Secure Sockets Layer Transactions 320

327 Shopping Cart Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 321

328 ScienceDirect Help Adding Documents to Your Shopping Cart You can add documents to your Shopping Cart by searching and browsing through ScienceDirect journals and books. You can only add a document to your Shopping Cart if you do not have full-text access to the document. Tip If you have full-text access to a document, you do not need to use the Shopping Cart to open it. To open a document you have access to, click one of the SummaryPlus, Abstract + References, Full Text + Links, or PDF (file_size) links. To add documents to your Shopping Cart 1. Browse or search for the document you want to access. 2. From the document list, click one of the following full-text links: SummaryPlus Abstract + References Full Text + Links PDF (file size) Note If you click the Abstract link, the abstract will open, but the document will not be added to your Shopping Cart. To add a document to your cart, you must click one of the full-text links listed above. 3. Depending on your account settings, one of the following actions will occur: The document will open. You will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. You will be prompted to login or register with ScienceDirect before you can access the document. a. After registering, click one of the document full-text links. b. If you still don't have access to the document, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. 322

329 Shopping Cart You will be prompted to purchase only that document or access it through your institution's account. Related Topics Using the Shopping Cart Performing an All Sources Search, Advanced and Expert Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 323

330 ScienceDirect Help Opening Documents in Your Shopping Cart You may be able to view the full-text of documents in your cart without a purchase if your institutional entitlements have changed since you added the documents to your cart. Note The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. To open documents 1. Click the appropriate link to open the document. Abstract or SummaryPlus: Click Abstract or SummaryPlus to view the abstract of the document. The SummaryPlus format includes the abstract, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, and references. The Abstract is available free of charge. Abstract + References: Click Abstract + References to view the abstract and the bibliographic references. Full Text + Links: Click Full Text + Links to view the full-text of a document in HTML format which includes the abstract, the outline, "thumbnail" images of figures, table and figure captions, references, and the document text. PDF (file_size): Click PDF to view the document exactly as it appears in the publication. Click Back in your web browser to navigate back to our service. You can view or print a copy of the document by downloading the PDF file. (In this format, the images, tables, and figures appear within the body of the document.) This format requires you to have the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which you may download free of charge from Adobe's website. Click the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. Note Adobe Acrobat Reader version 5.0 or higher is required. 2. If the full-text of the document can be accessed using your institution's entitlements, the document will open. OR 324

331 Shopping Cart If your institution's entitlements have changed, you will be prompted to add the document to your Shopping Cart. Related Topics Using the Shopping Cart Viewing Purchased Documents Secure Sockets Layer Transactions Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 325

332 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Purchased Documents You can access purchased documents from the Purchased Articles link in My Settings. Note Only documents purchased using the Shopping Cart display on the Purchased Articles page. Viewing Documents Available for Download Viewing Previously Purchased Documents Viewing Documents Available for Download You can access documents that are currently available for viewing and downloading from the Available Articles link on the Purchased Articles page. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click My Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click Available Articles to access documents available for download. Note The Available Articles link only displays if you have documents available for download. Documents are available for download for 24 hours from the time of purchase. The Current Purchases page will display. 4. Click the appropriate link to open the document. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top 326

333 Shopping Cart Viewing Previously Purchased Documents The Purchase History page lists documents that you have purchased using the Shopping Cart during a particular month. Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar. 2. Click Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page will display. 3. Click the appropriate month, year link. A list of documents purchased during that month will display. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. Return to top Related Topics Adding Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 327

334 ScienceDirect Help Viewing Purchase History The Purchase History page lists documents that you have purchased using the Shopping Cart during a particular month. Tips Documents purchased in the last 24 hours do not display in your Purchase History, but can be viewed by clicking the Available Articles link. The Full-text available ( ) icon indicates that you can view the full-text of the document. The Non-subscribed icon ( ) indicates that you can view the abstract for the document. Full-text access to the document may be available for purchase or through your institutional account. Click Return to Purchased Articles to return to the Purchased Articles page. To view purchased documents Note If you are already on the Purchased Articles page, skip to step Click My Settings on the navigation bar, and then click Purchased Articles. The Purchased Articles page appears. 2. Under Purchase History, click the appropriate month, year link. A list of documents purchased during that month will display. Additional Options Opening documents Refining document lists Navigating lists Viewing the Article List or Full Abstracts ing documents or exporting document citations The Purchase History page displays the following information: Documents: A list of documents that you have purchased using the Shopping Cart. Document citations reflect current information and may differ from the citation at the time of purchase. For documents removed from ScienceDirect, 328

335 Shopping Cart citations will not display, but the document's Confirmation ID will still display. Confirmation ID: A unique identifier for a document that is automatically generated during your purchase. Credits for documents that you have purchased will appear with the Confirmation ID. Date: The date of purchase. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 329

336 ScienceDirect Help Secure Sockets Layer Transactions To protect your private data, some transactions are accepted only through Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protected channels. Transactions protected by SSL include online registration and accessing documents from non-subscribed titles. SSL is an industry accepted security protocol, providing encryption over the Internet. This encryption allows reasonable assurance your private data will not be intercepted between the browser and the server. SSL also performs a security identification to ensure that your browser is indeed communicating with the service. SSL functionality is built into most commercially available browsers, including Netscape Navigator (version 4.0 or later) and Microsoft Internet Explorer (version 3.0 or later). If SSL is not enabled on your browser, you will receive an error message when you try to access the secured sections of the service. If SSL is not enabled over your network (e.g., due to firewall or proxy configurations), you will find that access to some parts of the service is blocked. If you receive error messages and are unable to continue through the program, contact your information specialist or Internet Service Provider (ISP) for assistance. On some browsers, you may also receive a message from your browser when viewing documents from non-subscribed titles stating "You have requested an non-secure document that was originally designated a secure document." This is normal. Your access to the non-subscribed document has been authenticated via a "behind the scenes" secured transaction, and you are now being returned to the normal environment to view the document. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 330

337 Customizing ScienceDirect Favorites Managing Favorites To add or remove favorite titles From Browse pages: 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Favorites check box next to that title. 2. Click. Show Me From journal and book home pages: 1. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Add to Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Add to Favorites check box next to that title. 2. Click. Show Me 331

338 ScienceDirect Help From the home page: 1. Click on the navigation bar. Note If displays instead of, log in to ScienceDirect to view links to your Favorite Journals/Books. 2. In the Quick Links section, click Manage Favorites. Show Me A list of favorite journal and book titles will display. 3. Do one of the following: To add an alert, select the Favorites check box next to that title. OR To remove an alert, clear the Favorites check box next to that title. 4. Click. Related Topics 332

339 Customizing ScienceDirect Browsing Publications by Subject Browsing Publications Alphabetically Quick Search for a Journal or Book Title Home Page Overview Quick Links Overview Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 333

340 ScienceDirect Help Searching for Favorite or Subscribed Publications From the Advanced and Expert All Sources, Books, and Journals search forms, you can search for subscribed or favorite publications. To search for subscribed or favorite publications If you are already on the All Sources, Journals or Books search form, skip to step Click Search on the navigation bar. 2. Click the All Sources, Journals, or Books tab at the top of the search form. 3. Click the Advanced Search or Expert Search link on the right side of the search form. 4. Enter your search terms in the Terms box using Boolean search syntax. 5. Select the source you want to search from the Source menu: All Sources, All Books, or All Journals: Select one of these options to search all subscribed sources, all books, or all journals. Subscribed Sources, Subscribed Books, or Subscribed Journals: Select one of these options to search all sources, books, or journals for which you have a subscription. My Favorite Sources, My Favorite Books or My Favorite Journals: Select one of these options to search all sources, books, or journals included on your My Favorite Journals and Books list. Include Articles in Press: If searching journals, select Include Articles in Press to search articles that are in the process of being published. 6. Click Search to search only for subscribed or favorite sources. OR Click Clear to erase the search form. The Search Results page appears if any results matching your search criteria were found and your search history preferences are set to show search results. If your search produces an extremely large number of results, consider editing your search to narrow the results list (see the search tips for suggestions). You can continue your search, but the search may take additional time and yield an extremely large result set. 334

341 Customizing ScienceDirect Related Topics Managing Favorites Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 335

342 ScienceDirect Help Quick Links Quick Links Overview You can link to your favorite journals and books, frequently used features in ScienceDirect, and Internet Web sites from the ScienceDirect homepage. Default links to ScienceDirect pages and related external sites are also provided. Links display in alphabetical order. Note Quick Links that you create only display if you are logged in to ScienceDirect. A maximum of 100 ScienceDirect and 100 Web links can be saved. Adding Favorite Journals/Books: Links to your favorite journals and books will display in the Quick Links section of the home page. See Managing Favorites for information about adding favorite journals and books. Adding ScienceDirect Quick Links: You can add Quick Links to journal and book titles; full-text articles; purchased articles; the Alerts and My Settings pages; individual search forms; and the Recall Search History and Recall Search pages. 1. Browse to the appropriate ScienceDirect page. 2. Click to add the link to your home page. A link to the current page will be added to your home page. Note You can add multiple links to the same ScienceDirect page. Adding Web Quick Links: You can links to Internet Web sites from your ScienceDirect home page. See Adding a Web Quick Link for more information. Editing and Deleting Quick Links: You can change or delete the Quick Links that you have added to your home page. Note Default Quick Links provided by the ScienceDirect team cannot be changed or removed. See Editing and Deleting Quick Links for more information. Related Topics Adding Web Quick Links 336

343 Customizing ScienceDirect Editing Quick Links Recall Search History Recall Search Performing a Advanced and Expert Search Quick Search Search History Browsing Open Documents Purchased Articles Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Accessing Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 337

344 ScienceDirect Help Adding Web Quick Links When you are logged in to ScienceDirect, you can add links to Internet Web sites from your ScienceDirect home page. To add a Web Quick Link Note If you are already viewing the Add a Quick Link page, skip to step #3. 1. Click on the navigation bar. Note If displays instead of, log in to ScienceDirect to view your Quick Links. 2. In the Quick Links on the Web section, click. The Add a Quick Link page will display. 3. Enter the following information: a. In Name, enter an identifier for your Web site. Names can have a maximum of 150 characters. b. In URL, enter the Web site address. URLs can have a maximum of 2000 characters. Note The following characters cannot be used in the Name or URL fields: < > { } 4. Do one of the following: 3. Click to add the Web site to your Web Quick Links. OR Click to return to the home page without saving your changes. 338

345 Customizing ScienceDirect Related Topics Quick Links Overview Editing Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 339

346 ScienceDirect Help Editing Quick Links You can change or delete Quick Links that you have added to your home page. Note Default Quick Links provided by the ScienceDirect team cannot be changed or deleted. These links do not have a next to them. To edit a Quick Link Note If you are already on the Edit a Quick link page, skip to step #3. 1. Click on the navigation bar. OR If displays instead of, log in to ScienceDirect to view your Quick Links. 2. In the Quick Links box, click next to the Quick Link you want to edit. Note If the icon does not appear, you cannot edit that Quick Link. Default Quick Links provided by the ScienceDirect team cannot be changed or removed. 3. Enter the following information: a. In Name, enter an identifier for your Quick Link. Names can have a maximum of 150 characters. b. In URL (Web Quick Links only), enter the Web site address. URLs can have a maximum of 2000 characters. Note The following characters cannot be used in the Name or URL fields: < > { } 4. Do one of the following: 3. Click to save your changes and return to the home page. 340

347 Customizing ScienceDirect Click to remove the current Quick Link from your home page. OR Click to return to the home page without saving your changes. Related Topics Quick Links Overview Adding Web Quick Links Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 341

348 ScienceDirect Help Accessing Alerts Volume/Issue Alerts Volume/Issue alerts notify you by when a new issue of a particular journal or a new book volume becomes available. See Managing Volume/Issue Alerts to create a volume/issue alert. Citation Alerts Citation Alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. See Saving a Citation Alert to create a citation alert. Adding Alerts Viewing Latest Results/Archive Modifying Alerts Deleting Alerts Viewing Alert Frequency Adding RSS Feeds Adding Alerts Click the add alert link at the top of each alert table. Show Me Each link will open the appropriate add Search, Topic, Citation alert, or Volume/Issue page. Return to top Viewing Latest Results/Archive Click the Latest Results link next to the appropriate alert to view the most recent results, or for a volume/issue alert, the most recent issue of a book or journal. 342

349 Customizing ScienceDirect Note For search and citation alerts, the results are accessible for 30 days from the time the search was originally run. Click the Archive or Archive/Details link next to the appropriate alert to view past results for that alert. Note Archive results are not available for Volume/Issue alerts. You can access results for 30 days from the time the alert search was last performed. Return to top Modifying Alerts Click the Modify link next to the appropriate alert to change the properties of an alert. Note You can only modify search and citation alerts. Return to top Deleting Alerts Click the Delete link next to the alert you want to remove. Return to top Viewing Alert Frequency In the Frequency column, you can view how often an alert runs. Note Topic alerts with an inactive frequency do not run. Return to top Adding RSS Feeds You can create an RSS feed for your alerts by clicking the button next to an alert. The RSS feed provides links to new articles that match your alert criteria. 343

350 ScienceDirect Help Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. Return to top Related Topics Saving a Search Alert Modifying Search Alert Properties Viewing Search Alert Archives Managing Volume/Issue Alerts Saving a Citation Alert Modifying Citation Alert Properties Viewing Citation Alert Archives Adding Topic Alerts Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 344

351 Customizing ScienceDirect About RSS Note RSS may not be available to all ScienceDirect products or customers. RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is an XML-based syndication format for distributing content on the Web. Many kinds of content can be distributed using the RSS format including ScienceDirect search and citation results, topic alerts, and new articles that have been added to a journal or book. ScienceDirect offers XML-based feeds so you can receive updates on your desktop of all newly loaded content matching your RSS criteria. Each feed contains links to articles on ScienceDirect. ScienceDirect content is refreshed every day. ScienceDirect feeds are in RSS 2.0 format. To use a ScienceDirect RSS feed, you must have an RSS reader. RSS Readers RSS Feeds Subscribing to an RSS Feed RSS Readers RSS Readers are programs designed to gather information from many different sources and display them to you in a single interface. Most RSS readers are available to download free on the Web. You can choose between desktop readers or web-based options. Desktop readers work through software installed on your computer. A list of desktop readers and web-based aggregators is available on the RSS Specifications web site. Some popular RSS readers are: FeedReader (desktop) NewzCrawler (desktop) RSSOwl (desktop) Bloglines (web-based) Return to top RSS Feeds 345

352 ScienceDirect Help Information released in RSS format is called a feed. You choose which feeds you want to receive. Your RSS reader will periodically check the feeds you have selected and download new information to your computer. You can use an RSS feed to quickly review the latest published articles in ScienceDirect that match your RSS criteria. ScienceDirect offers RSS feeds for: Search Results Cited By Results Topic Searches New Journal and Book Articles Return to top Subscribing to an RSS Feed 1. From search results, a journal or book home page, a topic alert archive, My Alerts, cited by results, a browse page, or an article page, click. If you do not have JavaScript enabled, a new browser window will open. Click Continue. The RSS set up screen will display with an RSS URL for your feed. 2. Do one of the following: a. Copy and paste the URL into your RSS Reader. b. Click the URL to view the latest results for your RSS feed. OR c. If you use one of the RSS Readers listed below the feed URL, click that RSS Reader button. The RSS feed will automatically be added to your reader. Your RSS Reader will retrieve the latest articles in ScienceDirect that match your RSS feed request. Tip If you are having trouble subscribing to an RSS URL, ensure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser. Return to top JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 346

353 Customizing ScienceDirect Recent Actions The Recent Actions section of the home page provides links to the last 100 searches, publications, and articles that you have viewed on ScienceDirect. Actions are listed starting with the most recent and include the date the task was performed. Notes Recent Actions are only available when you are logged in. If you have not performed any actions in ScienceDirect for 35 days, your Recent Actions will be cleared. A maximum of 100 actions are saved. No duplicate entries will display in the list. For Example If you opened the same article twice, a link to the article will display only once in the list. Viewing Recent Actions Disabling Recent Actions Clearing Actions Recent Action Categories Viewing Recent Actions Note If you are already logged in and viewing the ScienceDirect home page, skip to step #2. To view recent actions 1. Click on the navigation bar. OR 347

354 ScienceDirect Help If displays instead of, log in to ScienceDirect to view your Recent Actions. 2. Select the type of Recent Action to display: Note By default, the 6 most recently completed actions will display. Click View more to view all actions. All: Click All to view links to all Recent Actions. Searches: Click Searches to view links to results of your recent Expert, Advanced, Quick, Search History, Saved Searches, and Search with Results searches. Note Tip Scirus searches and searches that return no results are not included in your Recent Actions list. To view the type of search from the Recent Actions list, place your mouse pointer over the specific search ( Show Me ) icon. The type of search will display. Full text: Click Full text to view links to recently opened and purchased documents. Note Recent Actions only includes links to documents for which you viewed the full text. If you only viewed an Abstract or SummaryPlus for a document, that document will not display. Journals/Books: Click Journals/Books to view links to recently accessed journal and book volumes, issues, and Articles in Press. 3. Click the link for the search results, publication, or article that you want to view. Return to top The search results, publication page, or article will display. Disabling Recent Actions You can disable the Recent Actions functionality, so your actions are no longer logged by the system. 348

355 Customizing ScienceDirect Note When Recent Actions has been disabled, the Turn on link displays. Click Turn on to enable Recent Actions. To disable Recent Actions Click Turn off which appears next to the Recent Actions header. Show Me Return to top Clearing Actions You can clear a specific category of Recent Actions or clear all recent actions. To clear actions 1. Select the type of actions you want to remove. All: Click All to clear all recent actions. Searches: Click Searches to clear links to recent searches. Full text: Click Full text to clear links to recently accessed documents. Journals/Books: Click Journals/Books to clear links to recently accessed publications. 2. Click Clear All Category. Actions in the selected category will be removed. Note Clicking Clear All, when All is selected, will remove recent actions in all categories. Return to top Recent Action Categories You can display Recent Actions by type of action. The following categories are available: All: Click All to view links to all Recent Actions. Searches: Click Searches to view links to results for your recent Expert, Advanced, and Quick searches, Search History, Saved searches, and Search with Results searches. 349

356 ScienceDirect Help Note Tip Scirus searches and searches that return no results are not included in your Recent Actions list. To view the type of search from the Recent Actions list, place your mouse pointer over the specific search ( ) icon. The type of search will display. Show Me Full text: Click Full text to view links to recently opened and purchased documents. Journals/Books: Click Journals/Books to view links to recently accessed journal and book volumes, issues, and Articles in Press. Return to top Related Topics Performing a Advanced and Expert Search Quick Search Search History Recall Search History Recall Search Browsing Open Documents Purchased Articles Browsing Titles Browsing a Publication Home Page Browsing Reference Works Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 350

357 Customizing ScienceDirect Bookmarking Pages You can bookmark nearly any page in ScienceDirect, so you can quickly return to it. Bookmarking a Journal or Book Bookmarking a Document Tip Search Results Pages. You can also bookmark search results pages, but because results pages are only stored temporarily by our system, you may receive an error when you try to return to your results. Bookmarking search results pages can be useful if you want to refer to several search results pages during a single research session; however, to store searches over a longer period of time, you can save your search history or save your search as an alert. Bookmarking a Journal or Book To bookmark a journal or book 1. Right-click the Shortcut URL to this page link beneath the title. 2. In Microsoft Internet Explorer, select Add to Favorites. OR In Netscape Navigator, select File Bookmark for Link. Return to top Bookmarking a Document To bookmark a document If available, we recommend creating a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) link to the document instead of bookmarking the document. See Creating a Digital Object Identifier Link for more information. OR 351

358 ScienceDirect Help If a DOI link is not available, bookmark the Abstract, SummaryPlus, or Full Text + Links page of the document. Return to top Related Topics Creating a Digital Object Identifier Link Browsing Open Documents Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 352

359 Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions Click a link below to see the frequently asked questions for that subject: Administrators and Librarians Alerts Articles Authors Electronic Holding Reports Error Messages Exporting and ing Document Citations Journals Logging In and Registering ScienceDirect Content, Linking, and Software Information Searching Still have a question? Click the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page to submit your question to us. For more information about contacting us, see Contact Us. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 353

360 ScienceDirect Help Administrator and Librarian FAQs How can I arrange for SFX linking or its equivalent to be set up on my institution's account? 1. Ensure that your user profile has been assigned administrator privileges. Note If you are already an administrator for your account, skip to step Please use this link for more information on how to become an administrator. 3. Once you are an administrator, you will be able to access the ScienceDirect Admin Tool. 4. In the Admin Tool, log in using your ScienceDirect administrator profile. 5. Select the ScienceDirect tab. 6. Click External Linking Settings and select your institution s link resolver. If the link resolver of your choice is not listed in the Admin Tool please Contact Us. How can I get usage statistics for my institution's account? The usage statistics can be accessed from the Elsevier Admin Tool. More information on the Admin Tool can be found on the Admin Tool Info site. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 354

361 Frequently Asked Questions Alerts FAQs How do I use alerts? Show me the interactive Tutorial Show me the interactive Tutorial This interactive tutorial takes approximately eight minutes to review and covers the following areas: How do I change the format that I receive my alerts in? What type of alerts can I create? How do I review saved searches? How do I modify or delete my alerts? For more information, see Accessing Alerts. Why can't I open the full text of a document from an alert? You can only open the full text of a document if your institution is subscribed to that journal, book, or volume/issue. You can verify if you have access by logging on to ScienceDirect, and then clicking the link in the . If you do not have access, you will be prompted to purchase the document. To avoid these messages, you can limit your saved search alerts to journals or books that are "subscribed". Click the Modify option on the Alerts page to alter your preferences and ensure that you only receive alerts for documents that you will be able to open. Please ask your librarian or information specialist for more information. How do Citation alerts work? Citation alerts notify you by when a selected document is cited by new documents that have become available on ScienceDirect. See below for a description of ScienceDirect Cited By functionality and an explanation of problems that can occur. How does Cited By functionality work? Cited By functionality uses the First surname, year, and first page number of the selected document to create a search query. This search query is used for your citation alert. 355

362 ScienceDirect Help For Example If you wanted to receive an alert whenever the example document below was cited, the following information would be used to create the alert: Hirata (First surname) (year) + 25 (first page number). Why do I sometimes get results that are not related to the document I want? Additional elements such as the first initial and last page number are not included in the citation alert search query because of inconsistencies across publishers, which often results in information in a variety of different formats on ScienceDirect. Last name, year and first page always appear within ScienceDirect, making the feature reliable for searching. For Example In the Hirata document above, there could be more than one author named Hirata who wrote a document in 2002 that began on page 25 of a journal. You will also receive citation alerts for these documents. This problem is more evident with common names such as Lee or Jones. Why can't I access my alerts? You may not be able to access alerts for one of the following reasons: You have more than one user profile, i.e., you have more than one user name and password. If you receive alerts under one user name, but you have logged in to ScienceDirect using a different user name, you will not see the alerts you created under your other user name(s). To resolve this issue, choose one user profile for all of your alerts, and then recreate your other alerts in this profile. You can then delete any alerts in your other user profile(s). Your user profile and access are linked to the IP address of your institution. If your access is linked to the IP address of your institution, you will not be able to access the Alerts section of ScienceDirect when you are outside your institution's IP range. To check if you are outside your institution's IP range, go to ScienceDirect. If you see the "Welcome Guest User" banner in a yellow box on the top, right of your page, you are outside your institution's IP range and your alerts will not be available. How do I delete alerts? 356

363 Frequently Asked Questions 1. Login to ScienceDirect using your user name and password. Note To create a Guest User account you must be outside the IP ranges for your institution. 2. Click the Alerts button on the navigation bar. The Alerts page displays a list of your alerts. 3. Click Delete in the Actions column of the alert you want to stop. 4. Repeat as necessary for each affected alert. Why are my alerts being sent to my old address? Depending on the type of alert, your alerts are either sent to the address specified in the alert or the alert specified in your ScienceDirect profile. To determine which address is being used for your alerts: 1. Login to ScienceDirect using your user name and password. Note To create a Guest User account you must be outside the IP ranges for your institution. 2. Click the Alerts button on the navigation bar. The Alerts page displays a list of your alerts. 3. For Citation and Search alerts, do the following: a. Click Modify in the Actions column of the alert you want to check. b. If needed, replace your old address with your new one. OR For Topic or Volume/Issue alerts, do the following: c. Review the address displayed in the alert header. d. If necessary, click the profile link to modify the address in your ScienceDirect user profile. Note Changing the address in your profile will change the e- mail address associated with your user name and password. 4. Repeat as necessary for each affected alert. Note You might receive alerts at your old address until the system is updated. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 357

364 ScienceDirect Help Article FAQs Why can't I view a document as a PDF? (Adobe Acrobat Reader problem) Some clients have reported problems using Adobe Acrobat Reader version 6.0 to open certain documents. We recommend that you upgrade your Acrobat Reader software to the latest version. Click on the Get Adobe Reader logo for downloading instructions. If a document is missing or corrupt what should I do? 1. If you identify a missing or corrupt document, click the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page in ScienceDirect to notify us. 2. On the Contact Us page, select Content. Include as much detail as possible in the comments box, e.g. journal name, volume, issue, page number, HTML or PDF. 3. Click Send to submit the information to us. How do I see what content I have full text access to? (How do I use the Electronic Holdings Report?) There are two ways of viewing content you have full text access to: On browse pages, you can click on a subscription icon to view the ScienceDirect coverage content range and how much of the content your institution has full access to. The icons indicate the following: 358

365 Frequently Asked Questions The book is part of your current subscription. The book is not part of your current subscription. The book is part of a package to which you have a complimentary subscription. You can view details of your institution's complete journal, book series, and handbook subscriptions using the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. To access the report: 1. Go to 2. Click the My Settings button. 3. Click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Reports. 4. If you have already generated a report, the report will appear. OR To generate a report, click Generate New Reports. For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. The date of the last generated report is displayed at the top of the screen. To view the holdings report, select the appropriate combination of subscribed, non-subscribed, and not available titles, and then specify the report format. Available options include browser-friendly or printer-friendly views. In addition, you can download the report into a spreadsheet or to an OPAC system. 359

366 ScienceDirect Help For more information on generating new reports, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. How do I generate a new holdings report? 1. Click Generate Holdings Report. Note If you do not see this link, then the holdings report for your account was generated by someone else less than 24 hours ago and is current. To generate a new report you must wait 24 hours. 2. The Generate New Reports dialog will display. 3. If you want to be notified by when the reports are ready enter your address. 4. Click Generate New Reports. Note You will receive an notification when the report has been generated. You can carry on working or even log off the report generation will continue. 5. When you receive the notification , click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report, which will take you to the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings page. How can I get free access to full text? ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institute level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer individual subscriptions to ScienceDirect. ScienceDirect is accessible for guests through the public domain, but with less functionality than that available to licensed users. Functionality for guest users includes the following: Performing a Quick Search Setting up Issue and Topic alerts Saving a favorite journals list Browsing through journals including back files, books, and reference works 360

367 Frequently Asked Questions Viewing table of contents and abstracts Buying full text articles using a credit card Functionality for guest users does not include the following functionality: Performing Advanced and Expert searches Exporting citations to a reference management software program, such as Reference Manager, Procite, and EndNote Viewing and tracking articles that have cited a selected article Reference linking to other articles Setting up Search alerts Turning on Search History ing article citations Where can I find the supplementary information for an article? Certain electronic articles can contain supplementary electronic information, e.g. video, audio, background data, additional reading, etc. that is not possible in the printed version of the article. In the printed version of such an article, only an indicator appears that supplementary information is available in the electronic version, typically with a Digital Object Identifier with which you can link to the electronic article. In the electronic version, supplementary information may appear anywhere within the article where this information is referred, or it may appear at the end of the article in a separate section. Why can't I access pre-1995 articles? The files you are trying to access are called "backfiles". These are archive files and belong to a backfiles subject package that your institution does not subscribe to. For more information on getting access to these journals please contact your librarian or information specialist. To view pre-1995 articles when you don't have institutional access: Elsevier offers a "pay-per-view" option that allows you to purchase single articles using a credit card. To use the pay-per-view option, you will need to register as a Guest User on ScienceDirect, and you will need a credit card. Most articles cost US $30 per article. The final price (including any taxes) will be indicated on the purchase page before you confirm your payment. Once you receive confirmation of payment, you can view, download, and print the article for 24 hours only. More information on registering and purchasing can be found on the ScienceDirect home page by clicking the Guest User Info link. How long is my article accessible after I purchase it? Your article is available to view, download, and print for 24 hours after your purchase is confirmed. During those 24 hours, you can right click on the PDF link and select Save Target As (or Save Link As) to save the file on your computer desktop for easy retrieval. You should then be able to access the file directly from your desktop. How can I link to an article/volume? You can link directly to resources on ScienceDirect in a number of ways. See Setting up shortcut links for more information. 361

368 ScienceDirect Help A full list of shortcut links to ScienceDirect pages is also available. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 362

369 Frequently Asked Questions Author FAQs How do I submit an article? Please visit the following web site: Or authorsupport@elsevier.com for more information. As an author, how do I access my article on ScienceDirect? As an author you are provided print versions of your article when it is published. To order more reprints please contact nlinfo-f@elsevier.com. If you are part of an institution that has a current subscription to ScienceDirect including the same journal to which you have submitted an article, you will be able to access the article, providing you are working from a computer that is within the institution's IP range. Alternatively, single articles can be purchased by credit card. In order to use the Pay-Per-View option, you will first need to register as a guest user on ScienceDirect. Most articles cost US $30 per article, but costs may vary depending on the publisher. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 363

370 ScienceDirect Help Error Messages FAQs Why did I receive the following error message and what does it mean? "Sorry your request cannot be processed due to a system problem." This is a generic message that is displayed in a variety of situations, including database problems, software errors, and article search or retrieval problems. ScienceDirect has many procedures and processes in place to provide very quick recovery from these situations. To resolve this issue: Try the failed operation again in minutes. If you still encounter a problem, contact E- Helpdesk by clicking the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page. Please include as much information as possible about what you were trying to do before you received this message. Why did I receive the following error message and what does it mean? "Sorry your search results are no longer stored. Return to search and re-enter the search request." You are attempting to view search results that are no longer stored. You have probably bookmarked an article or list of articles and tried to access the bookmarked list after the results had been deleted. Search results are deleted after one day. To resolve this issue: Run the search again if you still want to view the results. Why are there black circles on my document when I print a PDF file? We are aware of an incompatibility problem between some versions of the Adobe Acrobat Reader (versions 3.0 and 4.0) and the rendering drivers for some inkjet and laser printers. This incompatibility shows up as large black circles on some or all of the document pages. This problem was fixed in Acrobat 3.01, but re-surfaced in Acrobat 4.0. Note We always recommend that you upgrade your Adobe Acrobat Reader software to the latest version. Unfortunately, there are many reasons why a PDF file will fail to print, the following suggestions, Adobe statements, and links to additional resources may help resolve the problem: Try printing the entire file or problem pages as an image. To print as an image: 1. Open the PDF file with Acrobat Reader. 2. Select File, Print... to print the document. 3. On the top right side of the Print Window, click Print as image. 364

371 Frequently Asked Questions This should eliminate the error and result in a readable page. Check to see if you are using a PCL printer. There are known problems when printing PDFs on a PCL printer (Hewlett-Packard Printer Control Language). Adobe's response to this issue is as follows: "If your PDF file prints incorrectly to a PCL printer, try modifying the driver settings. In general, try raster graphics instead of vector graphics and bitmap fonts instead of outline fonts. (Each driver has different settings, so we cannot tell you exactly which settings to use - see your printer manual for details.) If your file still prints incorrectly, print to a Postscript Printer." There is an updated document about PCL printing with Acrobat 3.0 on the Adobe Web site. This is the Acrobat 3.01 Update for PCL printing (also known as Acrobat 3.01RA). Note This patch cannot be applied to Acrobat 4.0. Use a Postscript driver, not a PCL driver (which is typically the default driver for Windows/HP) Print to a certified Postscript printer using the latest drivers that support Postscript Level 3. Please let us know which document you are having trouble printing, so we can take corrective actions if necessary. You can contact us by clicking the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page. Why do I get the following error message and what does it mean? "Sorry the requested document is unavailable." This error can be generated for three reasons: You are trying to use a bookmark that is obsolete. There is a problem retrieving that particular article. There is a problem with the article search and retrieval system. To resolve this issue: If you used a bookmark to access the article: Usually accessing an article through a bookmark works, however, if the article has been reloaded into the data store, the bookmark will become obsolete. Please browse or search for the article. If you did not use a bookmark to access the article: Try accessing other articles using search or by browsing for journals. o o If you cannot access other articles, there is a problem with the article search and retrieval system. Try accessing the article again in minutes. If you are still unsuccessful, please contact E-Helpdesk and tell us that you are able to open other articles. If you can access other articles, there may be a data problem with one or more articles. Please contact E-Helpdesk. What does transactional/drawdown balance depleted mean? 365

372 ScienceDirect Help This means that your institution has used all its pre-paid credits and ScienceDirect can no longer allow articles to be downloaded until the pre-paid amount has been refilled. Please contact your librarian or information specialist in case they are not aware that their account needs to be refilled. Why do I receive an error when I try to register more than one user profile on the same computer? You will receive an error if you register while logged in to ScienceDirect. Our server recognizes that you are already logged in with a registered user name and password (via your temporary internet cache and cookies). To resolve this issue: 1. When registration is complete, please note the user name and password for the user profile you have just created. 2. Before registering again, log out using the Logout link. You can now create the next profile. Adobe and Acrobat Reader are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 366

373 Frequently Asked Questions Exporting and ing Citations FAQs What export software can be used with ScienceDirect? ScienceDirect offers downloading (exporting) citations and abstracts in RIS and ASCII format functionality. It is possible to use third-party software such as RefWorks, EndNote, Procite and Reference Manager to open (import) these files, however, we cannot offer technical advice or assistance on these pieces of software, as they are not licensed by us. Because of the variety of different operating systems used by our users globally it would be impossible to give the perfect advice each time. Therefore, we recommend that you consult your institution's Information Technology (IT) department about installing this software correctly. To our knowledge there are no specific set-up requirements for using these programs with ScienceDirect; however, there might be special requirements for your computer and for programs like Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. For more information on exporting citations in ScienceDirect, see Exporting Article Citations. Why can't I open an ed article? Access to articles in ScienceDirect is determined by one of two factors: Does your institution subscribe to ScienceDirect? You cannot access the full text of journals, book titles, or volume/issues that your institution hasn't subscribed to even if they appear in an . You can verify if you have access to a particular article by logging in to ScienceDirect, and then clicking the article link in the . If you do have transactional access to the article, a page will appear explaining that you can purchase the article. Are you a ScienceDirect Guest User? ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institute level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer individual subscriptions to ScienceDirect; however, as a ScienceDirect Guest User, you are able to buy full text access to articles using a credit card. For more information about the functionality available to Guest Users, see What functionality is available for Guest Users? Can BibTeX be used with ScienceDirect? ScienceDirect does not currently support or provide users with a direct export function in the BibTeX format. We do however offer support for other formats such as RIS, ASCII and we are fully compatible with Refworks. For BibTeX users there are a number of third-party freeware applications that, by means of a small workaround, can convert downloaded RIS files into a BibTeX file. For example, BibUtils and BibConverter offer this as an option without the user having first to export their records into a different bibliographic reference manager. 367

374 ScienceDirect Help Please note that we cannot offer any technical advice or support on the third-party tools mentioned, and users should contact the respective vendors for further information and troubleshooting. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 368

375 Frequently Asked Questions Journal FAQs Why are some issues not available online? An issue may not be online for one of the following reasons: ScienceDirect did not receive the issue, and it has not been identified in our tracking database. These are truly "missing" issues, so if you identify one, please notify us using the Contact Us link at the bottom of any page. The missing issue has been identified, but is currently not available online. This may be due to technical reasons, or possible delivery and production problems. We regularly follow-up with our suppliers until we have these issues online. ScienceDirect is working to make available all issues of journals, where possible. Some issues may be difficult to trace or require special handling in production, which can delay their availability online. Rather than delay the entire journal title and its issues, we make them available on an issue-by-issue basis. Unfortunately, ScienceDirect cannot provide precise dates for when these journal issues will become available. What is the Freedom Collection? The Freedom Collection is an annual sales offering and consists of nearly all Elsevier journals covered by ScienceDirect (for which we have permission to make available to customers). Access to all these titles goes back to the start date of the customer's contracted content. Pricing for the non-subscribed titles in the collection is heavily discounted. It does not include what we call "Third-party Journals"- Cell Press, Anderson Publishing, American Psychology Association and a few individual titles owned by societies. Likewise, any title that has been transferred to another publisher is not generally included, as we do not always have the necessary legal rights. Journal content prior to 1995 is also not included. As new titles are added to ScienceDirect throughout the year, they are automatically added to the (Complete) Freedom Collection. Updates of titles to ScienceDirect occur on a quarterly schedule, after which availability of the titles is communicated to customers on our mailing list, as well as through the ScienceDirect newsletter SD Connect and the ScienceDirect Info Site. Are online journals available for personal subscribers? No, ScienceDirect can only be subscribed to at an institutional level. Unfortunately, we are unable to offer personal subscriptions to ScienceDirect. However, Elsevier has numerous journals available online through other platforms, designed for individuals with a print subscription. For more information about these journals please visit the journal home page on the Elsevier Web site. How does ScienceDirect handle mixed volume journals like BBA? 369

376 ScienceDirect Help ScienceDirect has historically made an effort to have online journal collections appear as they do in print; however, some journals have shared volume/issue numbering which causes technical difficulties when displaying them on the web. The journal sections of Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) are an example of shared volume numbering. Since ScienceDirect stores all titles using the journal ISSN as the primary key, BBA is categorized on the Web according to its ISSNs, so all BBA sections are listed separately. We are aware that this can be confusing; however, unless we rearrange the technical infrastructure of ScienceDirect, we cannot group or cluster complete collections of journals with multiple sections and ISSNs. The ScienceDirect Info site lists the volume numbering for the following journals: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Analytica Chimica Acta/Vibrational Spectroscopy Journal of Chromatography European Journal of Pharmacology Journal of Molecular Structure/Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM A list of volume numbers for the following journals that have the same display functionality is expected in 2006: Mutation Research and Sections Journal of Biotechnology/Reviews in Molecular Biotechnology Psychiatry Research/Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Brain Research and Sections Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology and Sections Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems/Laboratory Information Management Chemical Geology and its Isotope Geoscience Section How do I find the Impact Factor of a journal? To identify the Impact Factor for a journal: 1. Navigate to the table of contents page for the journal on ScienceDirect (The page with the list of volumes and issues). 2. Click on the picture of the journal cover on the right-hand side of the page. The Elsevier.com web site will open in another browser window. 3. Scroll to the bottom of the Elsevier journal page to find the Impact Factor for that journal. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 370

377 Frequently Asked Questions Registering and Logging In FAQs Registering How do I register for ScienceDirect? Show me the interactive Tutorial Show me the interactive Tutorial 1. Click the Not Registered link in the ScienceDirect Register or Login box. The Registration form will appear. 2. Enter your contact information, password, and subject area(s) of interest. 3. Review and select the Registered User Agreement. 4. Click Done. OR Click Optional Information to enter address information and customize your settings, and then click Done. 5. Your ScienceDirect User Name and profile will be created. 6. Click Login Now to log in to ScienceDirect. For more information see Registering for ScienceDirect. What functionality is available for Guest Users? ScienceDirect is accessible for guests through the public domain, but with less functionality than that available to licensed users. Functionality for Guest Users includes the following: Performing a Quick Search Setting up Issue and Topic alerts Saving a favorite journals list 371

378 ScienceDirect Help Logging In Browsing through journals including back files, books, and reference works Viewing table of contents and abstracts Buying full text articles using a credit card Functionality for Guest Users does not include the following functionality: Performing Advanced and Expert searches Exporting citations to a reference management software program, such as Reference Manager, Procite, and EndNote Viewing and tracking articles that have cited a selected article Reference linking to other articles Setting up Search alerts Turning on Search History ing article citations For more information about ScienceDirect and registering for ScienceDirect, see the ScienceDirect Info site. Why won't my user name and password work? If the IP address of your current computer is not within the range of approved IP addresses for your account, your user name and password will not work. Your current IP address is probably not authorized if: The Welcome Guest user yellow banner is visible. The Search button is not visible on the ScienceDirect homepage. The Web Editions Welcome logo is not visible (if you are a WebEditions client). 372

379 Frequently Asked Questions If your IP address is not recognized and you are using a computer in your institution, we recommend that you contact your librarian or information specialist to have the IP address added to your account. How do I change my password? 1. Login to ScienceDirect 2. Click the My Profile button, and then click the Change Password link. 3. Enter your new password. For more information, see Changing Your Password. I've forgotten my password or user name, what do I do? 1. Enter any text in the Login box, and then click Go. 373

380 ScienceDirect Help The Login failure page will appear. 2. Click Forgotten your User Name or Password. 3. Enter your address. 4. Your user name and password will be sent to the address you entered. Note This must be the same address that you used when originally registering for ScienceDirect. How do I change my address? 1. Login to ScienceDirect 2. Click the My Profile button, and then click the Modify Personal Details and Preferences link. 374

381 Frequently Asked Questions 3. Enter your address in the Address field. Note Any Search Alerts, Topic Alerts, Volume/Issue Alerts, or Citation Alerts created with your old address will not be changed. To change those addresses, click on the Alerts button on the navigation bar. For more information, see Accessing Alerts. How can I access ScienceDirect from outside my institution? (Remote Access) Contact your librarian or information specialist to organize remote access. Your librarian will request a valid user profile for remote access. Once the profile has been created, your librarian will give you a user profile with instructions for using it. Note We will not supply remote access user names directly to users. I have moved to a different institution. Will my user name and password still work? Your user name and password are linked to the IP address of your institution. This means that if you leave one institution and move to another one that also has access to ScienceDirect, you will need to re-register on ScienceDirect and fill in your profile details. 375

382 ScienceDirect Help To continue receiving Alerts you had set up with your old user name and password, you will have to modify your Alert details on the Alerts page. At this time it is not possible to migrate your user profile between institutions. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 376

383 Frequently Asked Questions Electronic Holdings Report FAQs Why are the dates in the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report from yesterday? The date the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings report was generated displays in the Available Reports box: The date indicates when an account administrator last requested a report. How do I view reports? To view the latest report, select the appropriate combination of subscribed, nonsubscribed, and not available titles, and then specify the report format. Available options include browser-friendly or printer-friendly views. In addition, you can download the report into a spreadsheet or to an OPAC system. For more information about the electronic holdings report, see Viewing or Generating a ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report. How do I generate a new holdings report? 1. Click Generate Holdings Report. Note If you do not see this link, then the holdings report for your account was generated by someone else less than 24 hours ago and is current. To 377

384 ScienceDirect Help generate a new report you must wait 24 hours. 2. The Generate New Reports dialog will display. 3. Enter the appropriate address. 4. Click Generate New Reports. Note You will receive an notification when the report has been generated. You can carry on working or even log off the report generation will continue. 5. When you receive the notification , click ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings Report, which will take you to the ScienceDirect Electronic Holdings page. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 378

385 Frequently Asked Questions ScienceDirect Content, Linking, and Software FAQs Why do OpenURL links from ScienceDirect not contain author names? We acknowledge that OpenURL links from ScienceDirect do not contain the author name and title of the article. We recognize the usefulness of these variables in OpenURL links to customers using local linking resolvers. We have identified this for future development on the ScienceDirect platform as we extend our linking functionality. Why is there content missing on ScienceDirect? Missing issues are usually the result of the unavailability of source content which makes it difficult to make a fully tagged PDF document that fits into all of the searching and linking features of ScienceDirect. Unfortunately, we do not have a definite time period for when missing content will be available, but in some cases it can take up to two months. Note For pre-1995 content, we have an ongoing project to find missing source content. Does Konqueror work with ScienceDirect? We have tested ScienceDirect using a similar configuration to Konqueror without any problems, and several customers are successfully using Konqueror with ScienceDirect. Note We suggest installing the latest version of Konqueror. Contact E-Helpdesk by clicking the Contact Us link on the bottom of any ScienceDirect page if you have problems accessing ScienceDirect. Please provide us with the exact time, date, and user profile information so we can trace your login transactions. Can I use PCounter with ScienceDirect? You can use PCounter software with ScienceDirect; however, we cannot offer technical advice or assistance on using this software, which is not licensed by us. You can find technical support, an installation guide, frequently asked questions, and contact details for PCounter software on the Altman Technologies web site. Why doesn't ScienceDirect support z39.50 linking? ScienceDirect does not support the z39.50 standard for federated (or meta-) search, since it is an aging standard that is not able to leverage ScienceDirect's search functionality to its fullest extent. Instead, ScienceDirect has deployed an XML gateway that fully unlocks its native search capability, and which is already being used by various federated search portals. Please visit the section on library integration / implementation on the ScienceDirect Info Site for additional information about this. Which languages are covered on ScienceDirect? All known languages are covered in ScienceDirect, but please note that: 379

386 ScienceDirect Help Most articles (more than 98%) are in English. Articles published in languages other than English, French, or German, should have English-language abstracts included. Articles written in non-roman script (e.g. Russian, Greek) must provide English-language titles for correct indexing to occur. So a Russian title may be displayed in English while a French title will be displayed in French. If an article is not published in English, then it will display in the language it was published in. As long as your search contains the correct words, articles on ScienceDirect will be retrieved in any language. ENCompass is a registered trademark of Endeavor Information Systems Inc. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 380

387 Frequently Asked Questions Searching FAQs How do I search ScienceDirect? ScienceDirect 1. Click the Search button on the navigation bar. The search page will open. 2. The search page offers several different search forms, including: All Sources: Use the All Sources search form to search all journals, books, and reference works in ScienceDirect. Journals: Use the Journals search form to search only journals by volume, issue, and page number. You can also search by document type, e.g. articles, review articles, letters, etc. 381

388 ScienceDirect Help Note Web Editions customers and Guests do not have access to full search functionality, but can use Quick Search. For more information on searching ScienceDirect, please see the following interactive tutorial: Performing an Advanced Search Performing an Advanced Search Web Editions, Guest Users and Society Members: The full search feature is not available, but you can use Quick Search. How do I search just my subscribed journals and books? 1. Click the Search button on the navigation bar. The search page will open. 2. Select the type of publication you want to search. Click Journals to search journals. OR Click Books to search books. 382

389 Frequently Asked Questions 3. Select Subscribed journals/books or My favorite journals/books from the Source list. Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 383