MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # ) Chapter One Introducing Windows Server 2008

Transcription

1 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # ) Chapter One Introducing Windows Server 2008

2 Objectives Distinguish among the different Windows Server 2008 editions based on organizational needs Describe Windows Server 2008 hardware requirements Discuss reasons for migrating from Windows Server 2003 to Server 2008 Describe new Windows Server 2008 enhancements Describe Windows Server 2008 roles and features 2

3 Objectives (cont d.) Describe the basic planning phases for a Windows Server 2008 implementation Provide an overview of the primary application infrastructure tools and capabilities of Windows Server

4 Windows Server Editions Three general editions of Windows Server 2008 Standard Enterprise Datacenter Additional special-purpose editions Web Server High-Performance Computing (HPC) All editions except HPC available in 32 and 64-bit Installation options include full installation and Server Core 4

5 Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition Designed for smaller networks and single-purpose installations Suitable for small business networks and special purposes in large business networks Works as single domain server or single file/application server Common supported features in Standard edition File and Print Services Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.0 5

6 Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition (cont d.) Common supported features in Standard edition (cont d.) Active Directory Distributed and Encrypting File Systems Management Tools Network load balancing 6

7 Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition Includes more functionality and has increased cost compared to Standard edition Additional features included in Enterprise edition Increased maximum allowable memory Active Directory Federation Services Failover clustering Installation of up to four virtual machines per physical host Hot-add memory 7

8 Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition Includes all features of Enterprise edition with some additional capabilities Additional features in Datacenter edition Ability to run up to 32 processors Ability to hot-add and replace processors Installation of unlimited virtual machines per physical host 8

9 Windows Web Server 2008 Provides an operating system designed as a single-purpose Web server Available as a 32-bit and 64-bit operating system Server roles not available in Web Server edition Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Domain Name System (DNS) File server Web server does not require client access licenses for users 9

10 Windows HPC Server 2008 Designed to accommodate numerous processing cores Built on 64-bit architecture Designed to support: Desktop applications High-performance applications Fault tolerant clusters SQL Server used as the repository for the Job Scheduler 10

11 Windows Server 2008 Edition Server Role Comparison Table 1-1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (continues) 11

12 Table 1-1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (cont d.) 12

13 Windows Server 2008 Hardware Requirements Microsoft provides minimum and recommended hardware requirements Minimum requirements will support only the basic system Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements, if not more Organizations should plan for current and future hardware requirements 13

14 Table 1-2 Microsoft hardware requirements for Windows Server

15 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server 2008 This activity steps through installing Windows Server 2008, version R2 Insert the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD in the DVD drive and restart the computer If prompted, boot from the DVD The installation program begins Confirm that the time, currency format, and keyboard layout is correct (Figure 1-1) Click Next 15

16 Figure 1-1 Install Windows language and other preferences Cengage Learning

17 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server Steps (cont d.) 2008 (cont d.) Click Install now (Figure 1-2) and enter the product key for activation Click Next If you did not enter a product key, a message appears asking if you want to enter a product key (Figure 1-3) Click No to Install without a product key Select the edition of Windows that you purchased (Figure 1-4) Click Next 17

18 Figure 1-2 Install Windows install now Cengage Learning

19 Figure 1-3 Install Windows product key Cengage Learning

20 Figure 1-4 Install Windows select edition Cengage Learning

21 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server Steps (cont d.) 2008 (cont d.) Read the Microsoft software license terms Click I accept the license terms box (Figure 1-5) Click Next Select which type of installation you want (Figure 1-6) Click Custom (advanced) Select where you want to install Windows Click the Drive options (advanced) link to display partitioning options (Figure 1-7) Click Next 21

22 Figure 1-5 Install Windows license terms Cengage Learning

23 Figure 1-6 Install Windows installation type Cengage Learning

24 Figure 1-7 Install Windows drive options Cengage Learning

25 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server Steps (cont d.) 2008 (cont d.) Windows begins installing Windows Server 2008 The system will restart one or more times during the installation process Follow any instructions that appear onscreen When prompted, enter a password and click the arrow to submit the new password (Figure 1-8) Click OK when alerted that the password has changed 25

26 Figure 1-8 Windows Server 2008 login screen Cengage Learning

27 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server Steps (cont d.) 2008 (cont d.) When Windows Server 2008 starts for the first time, the Initial Configuration Tasks window displays Installation process is streamlined Many of the tasks that were required to be entered during the installation process are now available through the Initial Configuration Tasks window (Figure 1-9) 27

28 Figure 1-9 Initial configuration tasks screen Cengage Learning

29 Activity 1-1: Installing Windows Server Steps (cont d.) 2008 (cont d.) Click the task you want to configure If you do not want the Initial Configuration Tasks window to display when Windows Server 2008 starts, check the Do not show this window at logon check box Click Close when finished configuring tasks 29

30 Migrating from Server 2003 to Decision to migrate Server 2008 Based on various factors including performance, reliability, and security Organizations seeking an improved applications server will be quicker to migrate to Server 2008 Replace member servers as an initial migration path Eventually upgrade entire network 30

31 Windows Server 2008 Enhancements Improved installation process Hyper-V Server Core TCP/IP improvements Network Access Protection Server Manager Windows Remote Management PowerShell Group policy management Failover clustering 31

32 Improved Installation Process Streamlined installation requiring minimal user input Does not ask for networking information or regional settings Settings can be provided through the Initial Configuration Tasks window Initial Configuration Tasks window Specify computer information, update and customize the server 32

33 Hyper-V Virtualization Conserves system resources Enables one or more separate instances of an operating system to run on a single server system Organizations can consolidate multiple systems into a high-powered server Hyper-V: server virtualization capability provided in Windows Server

34 Server Core Minimal command-line installation of Windows Server 2008 Designed to provide a hardened, secure system Minimizes exposure and vulnerabilities to security breaches As a role, Server Core can be installed on Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions Select during initial installation of operating system To change from Server Core to the Full version Reinstall the operating system 34

35 TCP/IP Improvements Key features of the TCP/IP implementation Next-Generation TCP/IP stack Supports IP version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6 (IPv6) Teredo IPv6 technology that encapsulates IPv6 packets as IPv4 packets to send across IPv4 networks 35

36 Network Access Protection (NAP) Protects network from malware Helps ensure security policy (health policy) is enforced within the computers connected to the network Example: if user turns off the Windows Firewall on a NAP-compatible client, local health policy turns it back on 36

37 Server Manager Server Manager console centralizes the server management roles Major Server Manager categories Roles Features Diagnostics Configuration Storage 37

38 Windows Remote Management New feature in Windows Server 2008 Enables remote administration of the server Administrators can remotely run management scripts and manage data on remote machines WS-Management protocol handles connections Not vendor specific Many features similar to previous versions Windows Management Instrumentation 38

39 PowerShell Powerful command-line interface and full scripting language Used for administrative tasks First introduced in Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 as the Exchange Management Shell Enables stringing commands together Passing results of one command to another command (pipelining) Results passed as.net objects 39

40 Group Policy Management Enhancements in Windows Server 2008 Group Policy preferences Preferences applied but not enforced More settings and options are available Applications can have network location awareness Policy can allow access to an application from one location but not another 40

41 Failover Clustering Enables organizations to provide high-availability for services and applications Used for services and applications that cannot afford downtime Examples: file and print services, servers, enterprise level databases 41

42 Windows Server 2008 Roles and Features Role Major server function or service Feature Added to enhance or support a role Can also provide a standalone service 42

43 Roles in Server 2008 Categories of roles Active Directory roles Network roles Infrastructure roles Active Directory roles provide integrated management of internal and external resources Active Directory roles Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) 43

44 Roles in Server 2008 (cont d.) Active Directory roles (cont d.) Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) Network roles Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Domain Name System (DNS) 44

45 Roles in Server 2008 (cont d.) Network roles (cont d.) Network Policy and Access Services Infrastructure roles Remote Desktop Services Fax Services Print Services File Services Hyper-V Universal Description, Discover, and Integration (UDDI) Services 45

46 Roles in Server 2008 (cont d.) Infrastructure roles (cont d.) Web Server / Internet Information Services (IIS) Windows Deployment Services (WDS) 46

47 Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008.NET 3.0 Framework Windows Desktop Experience BitLocker Drive Encryption Network load balancing clusters Remote server administration tools Windows Server Backup features NTFS improvements Hot-swap Server Message Block

48 Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008 (cont d.) Session Manager Subsystem User Profiles Quality Windows Audio Video Experience Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Windows Process Activation Service Security features 48

49 Planning Windows Server 2008 Networks Typical phases of planning and implementing a Windows Server 2008 network Project initiation Project planning Project execution Project monitoring and control Project closing 49

50 Project Initiation Identify project needs Business goals and objectives Information technology goals and objectives that support them Choose needed services and features 50

51 Project Planning Develop a project plan Defines project scope Outlines needed tasks Specifies needed resources Includes a timeline Defines personnel to participate in the design and deployment teams Must understand existing environment Network diagrams, documentation, configurations 51

52 Project Execution Acquire hardware, software, and other resources Create a lab environment to configure and test the implementation plan Prior to implementation on the actual network Revise implementation plan based on findings from lab environment Implement in production environment Ensure applications and services have been thoroughly tested Develop user and administrator training plan 52

53 Project Monitoring and Control Ensure tasks are being conducted: On schedule Within budget Using scheduled resources Monitoring from a technical perspective Ensure Server 2008 is optimally configured Ensure no conflicts exist with other systems and applications Checkpoints define when a rollback plan will be executed in case of unexpected problems 53

54 Project Closing Project management perspective Closing activities ensure tasks were conducted within allotted timeframe and budget Resources utilized efficiently Record deviations from plan to adjust future projects Technical perspective Analyze and verify test results to ensure system performs as expected Document performance measures and benchmarks 54

55 Project Closing (cont d.) Business perspective Compare implementation results with business goals and objectives Conduct after-action review Record successful aspects Identify areas that need improvement 55

56 Overview of Primary Application Infrastructure Tools and Capabilities Application infrastructure Composed of Windows Server 2008 systems with Application Server role configured When Application Server role installed, Application Server Foundation is installed Primary Application Server Foundation Components Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 56

57 Windows Server 2008 Windows Deployment Services (WDS) Combines tools, features, and functionality of previous versions with new features of Windows Server 2008 New features Support for current operating system images Capability to deploy images using multicast communications Support for 32-bit and 64-bit deployments Enhanced functionality for boot and installation image media (.wim extension) 57

58 Windows Server 2008 Storage Disks can be defined as: Basic or dynamic Services Master Boot Record (MBR) GUID Partition Table (GPT) Multiple dynamic disks can be used to create faulttolerant volumes Server 2008 supports software-based mirrored volumes and RAID Level 5 Storage Area Network capability allows diskless servers to boot from SAN disks 58

59 Windows Server 2008 Remote Desktop Services Enables clients to remotely connect to a server Remotely run applications Remote administration Clients connect through the Remote Desktop Connection client 59

60 Windows Server 2008 Web Services Enhancements to IIS 7.0 as Web server and application platform Web Server modular service role provides primary Web server functionality Support for common HTTP functionality Application Development role Enables creating and hosting Web applications 60

61 Windows Server 2008 Network Application Services Windows Media Services Free, optional tool to enable digital media streaming Can be installed on Server Core AD RMS Provides Digital Rights Management capability Restricts managing, transmitting, and viewing data Windows Sharepoint Services 3.0 Collaboration and document management capability Includes document libraries, lists, creation of sites and workspaces, Web pages, and more 61

62 Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Virtualization Virtualization environment interacts directly with system s hardware layer Eliminates many previous system bottlenecks caused by virtualized environment dependence on the host operating system Virtualization allows organization to save resources Consolidating multiple system environments on one hardware platform 62

63 Windows Server 2008 for High- Failover clustering Availability Services and applications running on a failed node can be taken offline and moved to a different node Network load balancing Balances server requests across multiple servers Capability can be configured quickly 63

64 Summary Microsoft offers different editions of Server 2008 Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements Windows Server provides many enhancements and improved technologies: To support network administrators and improve server functionality Windows Server 2008 roles are organized into Active Directory, Network, and Infrastructure roles 64

65 Summary (cont d.) New features in Microsoft Server 2008 include:.net 3.0 Framework Group Policy Management enhancements Remote server administration tools Windows PowerShell NTFS improvements Hyper-V Virtualization Windows Process Activation Service Enhanced security features 65